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WO2008036696A2 - Procédé de récupération d'huiles de lubrification usagées utilisant de l'argile et la centrifugation - Google Patents

Procédé de récupération d'huiles de lubrification usagées utilisant de l'argile et la centrifugation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008036696A2
WO2008036696A2 PCT/US2007/078810 US2007078810W WO2008036696A2 WO 2008036696 A2 WO2008036696 A2 WO 2008036696A2 US 2007078810 W US2007078810 W US 2007078810W WO 2008036696 A2 WO2008036696 A2 WO 2008036696A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
clay
used lubricating
recovering
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2007/078810
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2008036696A3 (fr
Inventor
Pablo Martin De Julian
Leonardo Ramon Padrino Torres
Pedro Adolfo Torres Fonseca
Stephen Christopher Swift
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to BRPI0718458A priority Critical patent/BRPI0718458B1/pt
Publication of WO2008036696A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008036696A2/fr
Publication of WO2008036696A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008036696A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
    • C10M175/0008—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning with the use of adsorbentia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
    • C10M175/0058—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by filtration and centrifugation processes; apparatus therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the removal of contaminants from industrial used lubricating oils and used motor oils by treatment of the used oil with clay at high temperatures, but at lower temperatures than that of "cracking", and later removing the contaminated clay by filtration and centrifugation.
  • the recycling of used lubricating oils coming from industrial processes, car motors, transmissions and other sources is an important process, because it avoids contamination by lubricating oils, and allows the recovery of lubricating base oils, which are a scarce product.
  • the oils form a monomolecular layer on the surface of the water, which it means that a small quantity of oil can contaminate a great volume of water.
  • the recovered lubricating oil bases have all the properties of the first refining, and they can be used to produce new oils.
  • the recycling process can be done several times.
  • the contaminants in industrial oils are usually iron, chromium, cadmium, nickel, copper, calcium, barium, zinc, aluminum, and phosphorus.
  • Motor oils also have soot, contaminants due to degraded additives, and other contaminants coming from the gasoline, and for that reason they are more difficult to be re-refined.
  • Several techniques have been used to re-refine used oils, mainly by distillation and treatment with chemical reactives to precipitate the coagulants (principally sulfuric acid and other solvents, which are also contaminants that produce environmental problems).
  • the treatments with clays at very high temperature have the problem that the later separation becomes difficult because the pores of the felt (cloths, cellulose, synthetic materials or others) of the filter press become plugged, mainly due to soot, colloidal coal, and organic compounds.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,819,508 issued on June 25, 1974, to Morton Fainman and Charles Stouse McCauley, discloses a method of purifying lubricating oils, in which the oil is mixed with a predominantly hydrocarbon liquid diluent, then with an alcohol and water mixture, and centrifuging is used to remove sludge and metal compounds.
  • the instant invention is distinguishable, in that in it the used oil is mixed with clay.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,383,915 issued on May 17, 1983, to Conrad B. Johnson, discloses a clay contacting process for removing contaminants from waste lubricating oil, in which the oil is contacted with decolorizing clay at a temperature in the range of 650 to 725 degrees Fahrenheit (or 329 to 370 degrees Celsius).
  • the instant invention is distinguishable, in that it uses a lower temperature range, and a different type of clay (see column 3, lines 21 to 31).
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,112,479 issued on May 12, 1992, to Vichai Srimongkolkul, discloses an oil purification unit with a cyclonic (centrifuge) reservoir section and a filtration section.
  • the second embodiment of the instant invention is distinguishable, in that in it the oil is first mixed with clay before being centrifuged.
  • French Patent No. 2 690 924 published on November 12, 1993, to Virgulino Antonio Digilo, discloses a method of re-cycling of used or contaminated lubricating oils, including adding clay to the oil in a reactor, and also adding water containing a dissolved sulphur based catalyst and filtration aid.
  • the instant invention is distinguishable, in that it does not require adding water with a catalyst.
  • the present invention has two preferred embodiments: the first for recovery of used industrial lubricating oils, and the second for recovery of oils coming from internal combustion motors (including used lubricants oils of explosion and diesel motors, automatic transmissions, and in general, every kind of oils coming from filling and service stations for cars).
  • the first preferred embodiment of the present invention is suitable for used industrial oils, and it includes the steps of: (a) Mixing the used lubricating oils with clay in a reactor, and heating the mixture to temperatures from 80° C. to 200° C, in a batch type system. The temperatures are low enough that the cracking of the lubricating oils in the mixture does not take place or at least is minimized, (b)
  • the second preferred embodiment of the invention is designed for the removal of metallic contaminants, soot and organic contaminants from the used lubricating oils coming from automotive market. It includes the steps of: (a) Mixing the used lubricating oils with clay in a reactor, and heating the mixture to temperatures from 80° C. to 200° C.
  • the temperatures are low enough that the cracking of the lubricating oils in the mixture does not take place or at least is minimized, (b) Keeping the mixture of clay and used lubricating oil is for a certain residence time in the reactor, (c) Using a centrifuge to separate a large part of the oils to be recovered from the clay containing organic and metallic contaminants, (c) Filtration of the oils coming from the centrifuge, by passing them through a filter press as described above for the industrial used oils.
  • the second preferred embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the heating system which was found most economic for the process of the present invention, consists of a boiler heated with gas and a transference fluid (e.g., hydraulic oil), which carries the heat from the boiler to a heating jacket in the reactor containing the used oil and clay.
  • the heating is done by conduction.
  • the used lubricating oils are loaded in the reactor with movable and diaphragm electric pumps, or by gravity. Before the used oils are placed into the reactor, they may be passed through a gross filter (for instance, 200 mesh) to remove large particles. After passing them through the gross filter, there can also be a flash distillation from 80 ° C. to 120 ° C. to remove excessive quantities of water.
  • the right amount of clay is added, and after some residence time determined by the type of oil and laboratory analysis, the mixture in the reactor is discharged. During the residence time the clay reacts with the contaminants, creating chemical bonds between them. For this, it is necessary to have good control of the temperature (in order to avoid cracking the oils) and of the amount of clay and the residence time in the reactor. All these conditions are previously determined by the laboratory analysis. After that the filtering process is performed. Accordingly, it is a principal object of the invention to provide an improved process for recycling industrial lubricating oils.
  • Still another object of the invention is to reduce the depletion of nonrenewable resources used in making lubricating oils.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the second preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the present invention an improved process for recycling used lubricating oils, having two preferred embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 depicts the first preferred embodiment of the process of the invention, which is its simplest form.
  • the concept discussed is a "batch” or “semi- batch” type process, wherein the used contaminated lubricating oil 10, which may be filtered before going to the reactor 12, is mixed with activated clay 14 to high temperature, obtained by means of a heating jacket 16 in the reactor.
  • hot hydraulic oil can be used as a heat transference fluid, which is heated in a boiler (not shown in the drawings).
  • the operation of mixing oil with clay and heating can be done in a continuous way, but the best results are obtained with the "batch” or "semi-batch” non-continuous system.
  • the reactor where the interaction between the clays and the oil to be recovered is taken place, usually has stirring rods 18, which allow a faster process and decrease the residence time.
  • the residence time can be from several minutes to several hours, depending on the type of oil and contaminants.
  • the heated oil-clay mixture is pumped using pump 20 through a filter press 22 where the clay and trapped contaminants are separated from the oil.
  • the clay is left in the filters 24 as a "cake", and the recovered oil without contaminants is carried out to a pipe system 26, which retake the filtered oil from the filter press.
  • the clay cake sticks to the filters, but is separated from them, in order to recover the filters, leaving the clay as waste material 28.
  • the recovered oil, now without contaminants, can be used as lubricating base oil.
  • FIG. 2 showing the second preferred embodiment of the invention, the process is similar to that depicted in FIG. 1, but now there is an industrial centrifuge 30 between the reactorl2 and the filter press 22.
  • the reason for this centrifugal system is that for the used oils coming from explosion motors, an important contaminant is the soot, which comprises very small particles of carbon and other organic compounds, such as the additives of the lubricants.
  • the problem with these contaminants is that when they are taken directly to the filter press, they plug the pores of the filter felts (cloths, cellulose, synthetic, etc.), stopping or decreasing very strongly the filtered flow.
  • FIG. 1 is suitable for the recovery of industrial oils with low or no contamination with soot or organic products
  • the system described in FIG. 2 is mainly appropriate for used oils coming from cars and motor vehicles, where there is a high percentage of soot contamination.
  • this more complete second system can be also used for industrial oils or any kinds of used oils, e.g., oil used in internal combustion motors, or in industrial or other motors.
  • the corresponding analysis has to be performed in order to determine that the amount of contaminants is below the wanted level, as well as to determine the characteristics of the recovered base lubricating oils, such as their viscosity, total basic number (TBN), flash point, etc.
  • TBN total basic number
  • Pre- filtration The used industrial oil goes through mobile filtering equipment to eliminate big particles that could be present in the oils. Polyester sleeve filters with holes of 10 - 100 microns were used. 2) Reactor load: Mobile pumps were used for the process of loading the 1,800 liter batch.
  • the amount to be used is determined previously by the laboratory tests. The addition of these different elements varies between 0.5 - 2% v/v for a batch of 1800 liters. (By "v/v” is meant the volume of clay divided by the total volume of the mixture in the reactor.) For lower loads of this amount and/or more contaminants the clays added could be in the range of 2 - 5 % v/v.
  • v/v is meant the volume of clay divided by the total volume of the mixture in the reactor.
  • the clays added could be in the range of 2 - 5 % v/v.
  • the observation tank has a preventive function, since it enables the determination of the location of any possible contamination with solid particles or high levels of metals, if the removal process becomes inefficient for any reason.
  • Table 1 shows the analysis of properties of industrial used oil
  • a sample of 800 grams of used motor oil was put in a glass beaker, with a magnetic stirrer inside, and was placed on an electric heating plate with continuous magnetic stirring.
  • the heating of the sample was between 100-120° C. during 30 minutes, in order to eliminate the water, until the crepitating or crackling test was negative.
  • the amount of clay was prepared in approximately 20% m/m of used oil. (By "m/m” is meant the mass of the clay divided by mass of the used oil.)
  • the oil was added with stirring of 800 to 1200 rpm, during one hour, and reaching temperatures of 180° C.
  • the mixture oil-clay was passed through a filtration process at vacuum with a Buchnner funnel, using two cycles of filtering: first with 35 mesh, and second with Watman No. 5 cellulose. In this way, the contaminants retained with the clay are separated from the filtered oil.
  • Tables 3 and 4 show the results obtained, giving the characteristics of the used oils in the experiments, and the recovered lubricating base oils after applying the experimental procedure.
  • the heating jacket of the reactor and the pump preferably have renewable sources of power, such as solar power, wind power, ethanol or hydroelectricity, to minimize both pollution of the environment and depletion of nonrenewable sources of power.
  • renewable sources of power such as solar power, wind power, ethanol or hydroelectricity

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de récupération d'huiles lubrifiantes usagées et les huiles récupérées en utilisant le procédé. Dans un premier mode de réalisation (pour des huiles industrielles usagées), l'huile lubrifiante usagée est mélangée à de l'argile dans un réacteur. Le mélange est de préférence chauffé à une température située entre 80 et 200 °C. La température ne doit pas être trop élevée, de façon à éviter le « craquage » de l'huile (à savoir, casser les chaînes moléculaires dans l'huile). Après une certaine période, le mélange est pompé à travers des filtres. Des gâteaux d'argile et des contaminants restent dans les filtres, alors que l'huile émerge sans contaminant. Un second mode de réalisation (destiné à éliminer la cendre ou la suie, de très fines particules de charbon et d'autres composés organiques des huiles de moteur usagées) est le même que le premier mode de réalisation, sauf qu'avant que le mélange passe à travers les filtres, une centrifugeuse est utilisée de façon à éliminer la majeure partie de l'argile contaminée avec la suie, de sorte qu'elle ne bloque pas les filtres.
PCT/US2007/078810 2006-09-18 2007-09-18 Procédé de récupération d'huiles de lubrification usagées utilisant de l'argile et la centrifugation Ceased WO2008036696A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BRPI0718458A BRPI0718458B1 (pt) 2006-09-18 2007-09-18 processo para recuperar óleo lubrificante usado.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
VE214706 2006-09-18
VE06-02147 2006-09-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008036696A2 true WO2008036696A2 (fr) 2008-03-27
WO2008036696A3 WO2008036696A3 (fr) 2008-07-10

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PCT/US2007/078810 Ceased WO2008036696A2 (fr) 2006-09-18 2007-09-18 Procédé de récupération d'huiles de lubrification usagées utilisant de l'argile et la centrifugation

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Country Link
US (1) US20080070816A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0718458B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2338207B8 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008036696A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105797669A (zh) * 2016-05-20 2016-07-27 广西锦华新材料科技有限公司 一种制备氯化聚乙烯的综合处理装置
US10131551B2 (en) 2015-06-23 2018-11-20 Conocophillips Company Separation of kinetic hydrate inhibitors from an aqueous solution
CN111632420A (zh) * 2020-06-04 2020-09-08 湖南银城湘味食品有限公司 基于连续不间断方式净化油炸食品废油的装置及工艺
EP4600332A1 (fr) 2024-02-12 2025-08-13 Indian Oil Corporation Limited Procédé de coconversion synergique d'huiles usées en produits à valeur ajoutée

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3092291A4 (fr) * 2014-01-06 2017-11-01 Aquifer Maintenance & Performance Systems, Inc. Systèmes et procédés pour éliminer le soufre et les halogènes
KR101836729B1 (ko) * 2016-10-24 2018-03-08 현대자동차주식회사 윤활유 재생장치 및 윤활유 재생방법
CN110787535A (zh) * 2019-11-12 2020-02-14 庆泓技术(上海)有限公司 一种应用于五金车间加工液臭味高效去除方法
EP4228778A4 (fr) * 2020-10-16 2024-09-25 CCR Technologies Ltd. Élimination de fluides, de solides et de composants lourds à partir de flux de liquide de procédé de retraitement
CN112500917B (zh) * 2020-11-12 2022-04-26 青岛翌星环保技术有限公司 一种废润滑油加氢循环利用方法
CN112500916B (zh) * 2020-11-12 2022-04-15 中国石油大学(华东) 一种废润滑油临氢预处理提纯方法

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10131551B2 (en) 2015-06-23 2018-11-20 Conocophillips Company Separation of kinetic hydrate inhibitors from an aqueous solution
CN105797669A (zh) * 2016-05-20 2016-07-27 广西锦华新材料科技有限公司 一种制备氯化聚乙烯的综合处理装置
CN111632420A (zh) * 2020-06-04 2020-09-08 湖南银城湘味食品有限公司 基于连续不间断方式净化油炸食品废油的装置及工艺
EP4600332A1 (fr) 2024-02-12 2025-08-13 Indian Oil Corporation Limited Procédé de coconversion synergique d'huiles usées en produits à valeur ajoutée

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2338207A1 (es) 2010-05-04
WO2008036696A3 (fr) 2008-07-10
ES2338207B2 (es) 2011-01-24
BRPI0718458B1 (pt) 2016-11-08
US20080070816A1 (en) 2008-03-20
ES2338207B8 (es) 2011-07-18
BRPI0718458A2 (pt) 2013-12-03

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