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WO2007144120A2 - Procédé et dispositif de laminage de précision - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de laminage de précision Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007144120A2
WO2007144120A2 PCT/EP2007/005113 EP2007005113W WO2007144120A2 WO 2007144120 A2 WO2007144120 A2 WO 2007144120A2 EP 2007005113 W EP2007005113 W EP 2007005113W WO 2007144120 A2 WO2007144120 A2 WO 2007144120A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
workpiece
rolling
rolling tool
preform
circumference
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2007/005113
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007144120A3 (fr
Inventor
Vladislav Kruzhanov
Volker Arnhold
Gerhard Kotthoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GKN Sinter Metals Holding GmbH
Original Assignee
GKN Sinter Metals Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GKN Sinter Metals Holding GmbH filed Critical GKN Sinter Metals Holding GmbH
Publication of WO2007144120A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007144120A2/fr
Publication of WO2007144120A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007144120A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
    • B21H1/22—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution characterised by use of rolls having circumferentially varying profile ; Die-rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing workpieces with a convex and / or concave surface of a compacted sintered material or of cast or / and forged material, which are used for example as cams or the like.
  • Such workpieces are used for example as mechanical controls in machines.
  • the workpiece is a cam in an internal combustion engine, wherein the cam is provided, for example, for controlling an inlet or outlet valve.
  • the object of the present invention is to make it possible to improve dimensional accuracy, in particular in conjunction with improved wear resistance, in a production method for workpieces having a convex and / or concave surface made of a compacted sintered material or of cast and / or forged material.
  • This object is achieved by a method for producing at least partially surface-compressed workpieces having a convex and / or concave surface with the features of claim 1, by a preform for such a method having the features of claim 12, by a workpiece having the features of claim 14, by a device for producing an at least partially surface-compacted workpiece having the features of claim 20, by a method for designing a rolling tool having the features of claim 25 and by a computer program product having the features of claim 33.
  • a preform of the workpiece is produced with a locally selective allowance relative to a final dimension of the workpiece and rolled at least one rolling tool to the final dimension.
  • the workpiece is at least in a partial region of a surface to produce a compacted edge layer on a surface locally compressed compressed.
  • the method enables an improvement of the mechanical properties such as hardness, density or strength.
  • a surface compression allows a higher wear resistance.
  • it is preferably possible to dispense with a grinding process which is difficult to carry out, especially with concave contours.
  • the method enables precise caliber rolling of the workpieces.
  • a workpiece is, for example, a cam, an eccentric lever, a control disk or the like.
  • the compacted sintered material is produced in particular by powder metallurgy methods.
  • a metal powder is sintered under pressure in conjunction with a heat treatment.
  • a cast or / and forged material may also be used.
  • a sintered or casting mold is used, which has at least almost the final dimension of the workpiece to be produced.
  • the preform used is preferably the workpiece resulting directly from the sintering process or a casting process.
  • at least one further surface treatment step can also be connected downstream.
  • the preform has an oversize, which is to be understood as a difference to a final dimension, wherein the difference is preferably defined pointwise perpendicular to the surface.
  • a forged workpiece is to be understood as a preform, the workpiece in a state which exists after the forging process and optionally a further surface treatment and before rolling to the final dimension.
  • a roller As a rolling tool, for example, a roller is used, which in particular has a correspondingly configured surface contouring, so that the surface contour can roll on the contour of the workpiece.
  • a pressure of the rolling tool is adjustable to the workpiece.
  • the rollers are slip-free.
  • shear stresses of the workpiece are avoided.
  • the locally selective oversize is dimensioned such that the workpiece has a compacted edge layer on a surface in comparison to the preform.
  • a density of the skin layer is increased which is increased over a core of the preform.
  • the density of the compacted edge layer preferably corresponds at least to the density of a corresponding powder-forged preform made of the same material.
  • the density of the surface layer in a sintered workpiece is increased by at least five percent relative to a core density of the sintered material in the preform.
  • a cast workpiece is considered.
  • a density of the compacted edge layer is increased by at least five percent over a core density of the preform.
  • the respective differently densified boundary layer is produced via a different allowance along the surface of the preform.
  • the allowance can be varied, for example, along a direction of rotation of the workpiece.
  • the allowance can also be varied transversely to the direction of rotation, that is to say in the direction of a rotation axis of the workpiece.
  • the allowance can be increased in each case in an upper and a lower edge region of the rolling lateral surface of the workpiece in such a way that reinforced compaction of the edge layer is achieved in these regions.
  • this allows a reinforcement of the workpiece edges.
  • a central region of the rolling lateral surface may be provided with a higher compression of the edge layer.
  • a locally adapted to the load profile of the workpiece compaction may be provided.
  • the workpiece is uniformly compressed over the entire area of its surface in order to achieve a consistent, uniform compression.
  • the uniform compression over the entire area of the surface preferably has the same compression depth profile.
  • the oversize is locally adapted in such a way that despite differently curved surfaces when rolling the workpiece a uniform compression results.
  • the locally selective allowance is not constant over the entire surface.
  • a cam or a camshaft is produced according to a development. In this case, preferably, a curing of a lateral surface of the cam. Additionally or alternatively, it may be provided to measure a bearing of the camshaft.
  • an amount of a maximum local oversize is at least 20 ⁇ m, preferably at least 50 ⁇ m and in particular at most 500 ⁇ m.
  • the maximum allowance occurs in at least a portion of the surface.
  • an amount of the maximum local allowance is between 0.0001 and 0.005 of a full circumference of the preform, which is covered during rolling.
  • the amount of the maximum local allowance may be referenced to an effective circle diameter rather than the swept circumference.
  • the effective circle diameter is to be understood as the smallest circle in which a rotational movement of the rotated during a rolling tool can be inscribed.
  • a larger maximum oversize than 500 ⁇ m can be achieved for large components.
  • a larger workpiece is, for example, a ship's cam.
  • the preform and the rolling tool are rolled on each other and that the rolling tool is delivered until the final dimension of the workpiece is reached.
  • a rotation axis of the rolling tool is successively moved toward a rotation axis of the workpiece.
  • a rolling process takes, for example, a few tens of turns, preferably shorter. For example, it can be ascertained on the basis of series investigations which number of revolutions is required at which feed rate for achieving the final dimension.
  • the method comprises a hardening process, in particular a thermal and / or chemical surface hardening process.
  • a hardening process in particular a thermal and / or chemical surface hardening process.
  • case hardening is used as the thermal and / or chemical hardening process.
  • Preference is given here in addition to an increase in hardness, a reduction of tension.
  • a carbonitriding process is used.
  • a nitriding or Nitrocarborierrind and a boring process can be used.
  • Adjustment of a process pressure can also influence the curing genomic be men.
  • a vacuum can be set, especially if case hardening is performed. It is also possible to perform an induction hardening.
  • the curing process allows for further improvement in surface hardening.
  • the mold is provided in particular in a press.
  • the mold is provided in a surface of a press ram.
  • the method additionally comprises at least one of the steps:
  • the pre-sintering is provided, for example, to allow reactions to take place in the sintered material, but in particular without impairing the deformability of the sintered material.
  • different variants can be provided.
  • the sequence of pressing - pre-sintering - rolling - sintering - case hardening and finishing is provided.
  • the sequence of press - sintering and case - hardening is provided in one process - rolling - and, if necessary, fine machining.
  • the order of pressing - pre-sintering - rolling - sintering and sintering hardening in a process - fine machining is provided.
  • the process chain shown last allows a use of precision rolling instead of a grinding process.
  • the invention further relates to a preform for a method, in particular for a method according to one of the embodiments described above, wherein at least a first surface area and a second surface area of a workpiece having a convex and / or concave surface each differ from each other
  • the first surface area is the
  • the allowance is designed to be larger than in a remaining circumferential area of the cam.
  • a negative oversize is provided which lies locally below a final dimension.
  • the final dimension is achieved in a region of negative oversize, for example by material redistribution of adjacent regions during a rolling process.
  • an increased oversize is provided for in adjacent areas, so that when this local oversize is leveled out during a rolling process there is a plastic material redistribution.
  • the invention relates to a workpiece having a convex and / or concave surface of a metallic sintered material or a cast or / and forged material, wherein the workpiece at least in a portion of its O- ber Diagram has a locally varied compression.
  • the entire area of the surface is uniformly compressed.
  • the workpiece is a cam or a camshaft.
  • the workpiece with another functional component in particular a shaft
  • a joining sintering can also be provided.
  • cams may be joined or sintered with a cast or forged shaft.
  • the entire camshaft may be sintered.
  • a ferrous material is selected as the main constituent of the sintered material and in each case at least one alloy constituent from the group consisting of carbon, molybdenum, nickel, copper, manganese, chromium and vanadium.
  • the main constituent of the sintered material is copper, a chromium-nickel alloy, aluminum or titanium.
  • a workpiece with main component of the sintered material copper is used for example as a plain bearing.
  • a chromium-nickel alloy as a main component is preferably used in high-temperature alloys.
  • the invention further relates to a device for producing an at least partially surface-compacted workpiece having a convex and / or concave surface for performing a method, in particular according to one of the above-described embodiments, wherein the device comprises a clamping device for receiving at least one preform on a shaft and at least one on a Parallel shaft arranged rolling tool for compressing the allowance by means of a rolling movement, wherein at least one of the waves is zubewegbar to the other shaft.
  • a displacement and / or force control is preferably provided.
  • a predetermined force-displacement profile can be adjusted.
  • two or more rolling tools arranged on parallel shafts can be provided for compressing the oversize. If there are more than two rolling tools, these are preferably uniformly arranged around the shaft of the preform. orderly. To avoid bending loads, the rolling tools can be moved around the tool axis of rotation. In particular, a plurality of rolling tools can be rotated relative to each other about the tool axis of rotation. This is used for example in a camshaft with mutually rotated cam.
  • At least two preforms in the clamping device are durable and simultaneously machinable, wherein the rolling tools have a greater length than an added length of at least both preforms.
  • a length of the rolling tools is to be understood in the axial direction. Likewise, this applies to the length of the preforms.
  • a length of the preform corresponds to a cam, for example, a cam width.
  • such an arrangement allows an increased throughput during the sizing.
  • the preforms can be rolled together densely stacked in the axial direction. In another embodiment, however, it can also be provided that a distance is arranged between the preforms, the rolling tools projecting beyond the two outer end faces of the preforms along the shaft. Preferably, this allows a controlled rolling of the edges.
  • At least one of the rolling tools is segmented in the axial direction.
  • one segment each can be assigned to a preform.
  • a camshaft with its axis can be clamped in the clamping device as a preform.
  • this allows a simultaneous rolling of several cams and / or storage areas.
  • a high precision of the entire camshaft is made possible in a single rolling operation.
  • the camshaft can also be provided to roll one element of the camshaft sequentially at a time.
  • it may be provided to first measure a cam and subsequently to measure a second cam and / or a bearing of the camshaft in a further step.
  • a movement of at least one shaft is provided, in which the preform comes into engagement with a rolling tool for surface compaction.
  • the waves of the preform and the rolling tool are driven separately and synchronized.
  • the shafts each have a separate drive or are mechanically coupled to one another.
  • the invention also relates to a method for designing a rolling tool for achieving a surface compression of a sintered or cast or forged workpiece in a rolling operation, wherein a geometry of a rolling tool is determined iteratively taking into account the necessary oversize on the workpiece to achieve the required surface compaction.
  • the necessary oversize is determined, for example, on the basis of a required curing profile. This can be made possible both experimentally and by a simulation of a compression process in a rolling process.
  • a geometry of a rolling tool is automatically generated in a third step a rolling process and thereby produced local course of compression of the workpiece is simulated and in a fourth step, an automatic view of the generated course of the compaction is compared with a default and optionally the process from the first step using at least one variation for optimization repeated until an abort criterion is met.
  • the kinematics of the rolling process are simulated, for example using, in particular, the elastic and plastic properties of the preform and optionally of the rolling tool.
  • the elastic or plastic properties of the preform reference is made, for example, to models of continuum mechanics in conjunction with a discrete solution using, for example, finite element or finite volume methods.
  • the design specification is preferably selected from the group consisting of material density, geometry and pressure distribution.
  • a geometry of the tool, a desired distribution of a surface hardness, and / or a material specification or the like are specified.
  • the shape of the rolling tool is determined by a simulation of a rolling process of a workpiece provided with the final dimension on the rolling tool, wherein an axial distance between the rolling tool and the workpiece is determined so that an arc length of the tool circumference an arc length of the workpiece or a integer multiple of it amounts.
  • a determination of the axial distance is preferably iterative.
  • the arc length of the workpiece is an integer multiple of the arc length of the workpiece.
  • a circumference of the workpiece is pieced together from circular arcs and parameterized. Preferably, this allows a reduction to the geometric description of the workpiece required parameters.
  • a circumference of the workpiece provided with the final dimension is parameterized with respect to a workpiece axis of rotation by means of workpiece radius and workpiece rotation angle ⁇ and a circumference of the rolling tool relative to a rolling tool axis of rotation is determined and parameterized by means of rolling tool radius p wz and rolling tool rotational angle ⁇ wz an axis distance A between the workpiece axis of rotation and rolling tool axis of rotation is predetermined, starting from a starting point of the respective rolling tool radius p wz is determined as the difference between the axial distance A and the respective workpiece radius, the workpiece rotation angle for determining further rolling tool grades successively by an angular difference ⁇ is incremented and the rolling tool rotation angle by one Angle difference ⁇ wz is incremented, which is so dimensioned that the respective angular differences associated arc lengths on workpiece circumference and rolling tool circumference equal to g are roughness, wherein the axial distance is determined so that the arc length of the
  • the invention relates to a computer program product having program code means stored on a computer readable medium for carrying out a method of designing a rolling tool according to any of the above-described embodiments when the program is run on a computer.
  • the computer-readable medium is, for example, an electronic, optical, magneto-optical or magnetic medium or the like.
  • a memory chip can be used as the computer-readable medium.
  • a remote memory can also be realized, for example by means of a computer network.
  • the computer program is stored in a control unit of a rolling tool. However, it can also be provided on a separate simulation computer.
  • Fig. 5 shows a fifth rolling tool
  • FIG. 6 shows a sixth rolling tool arrangement.
  • 1 shows a first rolling tool arrangement 1.
  • This comprises a first rolling tool 2 and a second rolling tool 3, which are rotatably mounted on a first rolling tool axis 4 or a second rolling tool axis 5.
  • a workpiece 7 is rotatably mounted on a workpiece axis 8.
  • a first lateral surface 9 and a second lateral surface 10 of the first rolling tool 2 and of the second rolling tool 3 are each designed so that the workpiece 7 and the first rolling tool or the second rolling tool 3 can roll on each other.
  • To roll the rolling tools 2; 3 rotates in a rolling tool 11 and rotates the workpiece 7 in a direction of workpiece rotation 12.
  • An arc length of the rolling tool periphery along the first or the second lateral surface 9 in this case corresponds to five times the arc length of a circumference of the workpiece 7. Accordingly, the workpiece axis 8 is at five times the speed of the first or second rolling tool axis 4; 5 driven.
  • the first rolling tool axis 4 and the second rolling tool axis 5 are displaceable relative to the workpiece axis 8 by means of a feed device, not shown. A shift takes place so that the axes 11; 8th; 5 remain aligned parallel to each other.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second rolling tool arrangement 13.
  • this comprises only a single first rolling tool 2.
  • a first lateral surface 9 of the first rolling tool 2 is again designed such that the rolling tool 2 is mounted on a workpiece. which is a nock here, can roll.
  • the workpiece 7 has a first concave portion 14 and second concave portion 15. These areas 14; 15 are compared to a first convex portion 16 and a second convex portion 17 usually difficult to process grinding technology.
  • the rolling process allows a waiver of such a grinding process.
  • Fig. 3 shows a workpiece 7.
  • This workpiece 7 is a cam, which is used for example for a valve control in an internal combustion engine.
  • a contour line 18 of the workpiece 7 is represented in a coordinate system 19 in that each point of the contour line 18 is assigned a radius 20 and a rotation angle ⁇ .
  • An origin 21 of the coordinate system 19 is in a pivot point 22 of the Workpiece 7 laid.
  • This pivot point 22 corresponds to a center point of the workpiece axis, for example, in FIG. 1.
  • the same is piecewise assembled from circular arc sections.
  • the contour line 18 is pieced together from a first circular arc section 23, a second 24, a third 25 and a fourth circular arc section 26.
  • These circular arc sections 23; 24; 25; 26 are each parameterized by a circle center 27 and a circle radius 28. This is illustrated by the example of the second circular arc section 24 in the figure.
  • the circle centers or circle radii are not shown in detail.
  • the corresponding center coincides with the origin 21 of the coordinate system 19.
  • the y coordinate is parameterized according to the following equation:
  • a radius p and an angle ⁇ can be calculated according to the following equations:
  • V a arctg - x
  • a parameterization of a rolling tool can take place.
  • a first rolling tool 2 shown in FIG. 1 is parameterized in a corresponding manner, wherein the center of the corresponding rolling tool axis is selected as the origin of the coordinate system.
  • the contour line 18 is the contour line after a rolling process. Before a rolling operation, a corresponding second contour line 29 is present with a locally varying allowance 30. The locally varying allowance 30 is successively reduced during a rolling process, so that finally the contour line 18 is achieved.
  • the result is a compaction profile, which is indicated here schematically with a compression line 31.
  • This compression line 31 indicates up to what depth of the workpiece 7 a compression is achieved. follows. In an interior 32 of the workpiece preferably no compression takes place. A density in the interior 32 of the workpiece 7 corresponds rather to a rolling process of a density which was already present in a preform of the workpiece 7 after a production process of the preform.
  • FIG. 4 shows a third rolling tool arrangement 33.
  • this comprises a first rolling tool 2 and a second rolling tool 3, which are rotatably mounted on a first rolling tool axis 4 or a second rolling tool axis 5.
  • a first preform 34 and a second preform 35 are fastened on a workpiece axis 8.
  • a distance 36 is provided between the preforms 34, 35.
  • a length 37 of the rolling tools 2, 3 is dimensioned so that the rolling tools 2, 3 protrude beyond a first end face 38 and a second end face 39 of the first preform 34 and the second preform 35, respectively.
  • first preform 34 and the second preform 35 are stacked axially close together.
  • FIG. 5 shows a fourth rolling tool arrangement 40.
  • this comprises a first rolling tool 2 and a second rolling tool 3, which are rotatably mounted on a rolling tool axis 4 and a second rolling tool axis 5.
  • the rolling tools 2; 3 have a number of segments 2.1 to 2.4 and 3.1 to 3.4.
  • the rolling tools 2; 3 are provided for rolling a camshaft 41.
  • This is rotatably mounted with its camshaft axis 42.
  • the camshaft 41 in this case comprises a first cam 43, a second 44, a third 45 and a fourth cam 46.
  • the cams 43, 44, 45, 46 are each rotated against each other on the camshaft axis 42, so that in the illustrated plan due to a projection the lengths appear different.
  • the segments 2.1 to 2.4 and 3.1 to 3.4 of the rolling tools 2; 3 are each arranged so that they are each brought into engagement with one of the cams 43, 44, 45, 46.
  • a bearing area of the camshaft 41 can also be custom-rolled.
  • additional segments of the rolling tools 2; 3 be provided.
  • the cams 43, 44, 45, 46 are preferably attached or sintered on the camshaft axis 42. In another embodiment, it can also be provided that the Cam during a rolling operation on the camshaft axis 42 at the same time milled rollers are attached.
  • FIG. 6 shows a sixth rolling tool arrangement 47 which essentially corresponds to the structure of the first rolling tool arrangement.
  • a first rolling tool 2 and a second rolling tool 3 are designed such that one revolution of the first and the second rolling tool 2; 3 corresponds to a revolution of a workpiece 7 clamped therebetween, which is a cam. Accordingly, rolling tool speed and workpiece speed are identical.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de pièces (7) au moins partiellement comprimées en surface, avec une surface convexe (16 ; 17) et/ou concave (14 ; 15) présentant un matériau fritté comprimé ou un matériau coulé et/ou forgé. Pour améliorer la précision de mesure, notamment en association avec une résistance à l'usure améliorée, on fabrique une préforme de la pièce (7) avec une dimension localement sélective par rapport à une dimension finale de la pièce (7) et on la lamine à la dimension finale au moyen d'au moins un outil de laminage (2 ; 3). En particulier, la pièce (7) est dans ce cas comprimée, de manière localement variée, au moins dans une zone partielle de sa surface pour produire une couche de bord comprimée sur une surface. En outre, l'invention concerne un dispositif correspondant ainsi qu'un procédé pour concevoir un outil de laminage.
PCT/EP2007/005113 2006-06-16 2007-06-09 Procédé et dispositif de laminage de précision Ceased WO2007144120A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006028184A DE102006028184B4 (de) 2006-06-16 2006-06-16 Verfahren zur Herstellung zumindest teilweise oberflächenverdichteter Werkstücke durch Walzen auf Endmaß
DE102006028184.5 2006-06-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007144120A2 true WO2007144120A2 (fr) 2007-12-21
WO2007144120A3 WO2007144120A3 (fr) 2008-04-10

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WO (1) WO2007144120A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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CN109977442A (zh) * 2017-12-28 2019-07-05 北京有色金属研究总院 一种超厚板坯多道次轧制工艺的数值模拟方法

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DE102011011886B4 (de) * 2011-02-21 2012-12-27 Profiroll Technologies Gmbh Verfahren zum Verdichten der Oberfläche von Sintermetallbauteilen
DE102012024030A1 (de) 2012-12-10 2014-06-12 Profiroll Technologies Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Verdichtung und Kalibrierung von Sintermetallbauteilen, insbesondere Sintermetallnocken, sowie ein Verfahren hierzu

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109977442A (zh) * 2017-12-28 2019-07-05 北京有色金属研究总院 一种超厚板坯多道次轧制工艺的数值模拟方法
CN109977442B (zh) * 2017-12-28 2023-04-18 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 一种超厚板坯多道次轧制工艺的数值模拟方法

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DE102006028184A1 (de) 2007-12-27
DE102006028184B4 (de) 2011-08-18
WO2007144120A3 (fr) 2008-04-10

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