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EP2637811A2 - Procédé de formage d'une pièce - Google Patents

Procédé de formage d'une pièce

Info

Publication number
EP2637811A2
EP2637811A2 EP11808330.2A EP11808330A EP2637811A2 EP 2637811 A2 EP2637811 A2 EP 2637811A2 EP 11808330 A EP11808330 A EP 11808330A EP 2637811 A2 EP2637811 A2 EP 2637811A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive
relief
sintered component
tooth
transmission
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11808330.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2637811B1 (fr
Inventor
Diego CASTRO MENÉNDEZ-CASTANEDO
Juan Ignacio LÓPEZ MARTÍNEZ
Iván José PRESA LÓPEZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PMG Asturias Powder Metal SA
Original Assignee
PMG Asturias Powder Metal SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PMG Asturias Powder Metal SA filed Critical PMG Asturias Powder Metal SA
Publication of EP2637811A2 publication Critical patent/EP2637811A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2637811B1 publication Critical patent/EP2637811B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
    • B21J13/025—Dies with parts moving along auxiliary lateral directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/12—Forming profiles on internal or external surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/08—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of toothed articles, e.g. gear wheels; of cam discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
    • B22F2003/031—Press-moulding apparatus therefor with punches moving in different directions in different planes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/245—Making recesses, grooves etc on the surface by removing material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for forming a workpiece.
  • WO 2010/075600 A1 discloses a method for forming deposits on the internal toothing of a sliding-metallurgically produced sliding sleeve for a manual transmission. As deposits in this case recesses in the region of the tooth flanks of the internal teeth of annular components are referred to.
  • the molding is done by means of a rolling tool, wherein the deposits are formed by a rear roll under plastic material displacement from the deposit area. Due to the
  • EP 2 060 346 A2 discloses a tool for compacting a sintered component or compacting a powder for the sintered component to be produced.
  • the tool has a radial dimension
  • variable compression element with the aid of a sintered component in Form a simple ring or the toothing of a sintered component or a sintered powder is compressed.
  • DE 2 212 512 A1 describes a method and an apparatus for forming locks in internal toothing of displaceable sleeves.
  • so-called shaping jaws of the device move radially and achieve a cold pressing in the internal toothing.
  • the invention has for its object to process a provided surface of a workpiece inexpensively and at the same time dimensionally stable by molding.
  • a mold element is provided, which is easy to move along a working direction on a provided surface of a compacted sintered component as a workpiece and with a shape-relief of a contact surface of the formula element, the surface of the workpiece in
  • Working direction is not rotational, but at least in
  • the shape relief of the mold element is formed non-complementary to the provided surface of the already compacted sintered component.
  • the component produced by sintering is also already calibrated.
  • the molding on the densified sintered component allows a time-saving production of the desired surface relief or the desired final geometry of the workpiece in comparison to conventional methods such as milling or reworking by milling.
  • a significantly larger number of different and complicated relief geometries on the workpiece surface can be realized, since they can be specified as a negative relief and not only by a cumbersome
  • the inventive method avoids annoying burr formation on the workpiece surface, which also costly
  • the sleeve disclosed in DE 2 212 512 A1 consists of solid material, so that excess material is pressed into the tooth root and the tooth head during pressing. This creates burr that needs to be subsequently edited and removed. In addition, the must
  • Burr formation or their distance in the dimensioning of the teeth are taken into account.
  • These method steps are avoided according to the invention by using a sintered component produced by sintering and thus having porosity as a workpiece. During molding, excess material can therefore be forced into the pores of the sintered component become. In this way, individual surface areas of the surface relief to be formed are not impaired by excess material or burr formation.
  • a high-quality and dimensionally accurate production of complex geometries of a surface relief eg recesses in the region of a tooth head and / or a tooth root of a tooth of the internal or external teeth of a
  • Sintered parts in the area of a surface relief during the molding of a predefined surface relief has the further advantage that this area can be better protected against damage and wear. As a result, the life of the sintered component can be increased without additional costs.
  • the shaping of the surface relief on individual or all teeth of a toothing (in particular an inner or
  • Workpiece can be made particularly inexpensive and accurate to size.
  • a preferred application of the method is therefore the production of gears, sliding sleeves, synchronizer rings and coupling bodies for the automotive industry, in particular for manual transmissions of motor vehicles.
  • a desired surface relief on a toothing in particular toothing of a sliding sleeve
  • Excess material can be absorbed by the pores, so that the teeth of the toothing can be dimensionally shaped in all surface areas, including in the region of the tooth tip and the tooth root.
  • the surface relief to be formed on a tooth is preferably facing on a lateral, circumferentially adjacent tooth
  • Recesses may be formed on the teeth of the gearing, i. on the teeth is displaced by molding material.
  • the recesses can advantageously form deposits, stops or stop teeth or locking grooves on teeth of the toothing.
  • Locking grooves or stop teeth on the teeth of the toothing often elaborately made by milling, rolling or other reworking.
  • the surface reliefs may e.g. Have deposits and / or locking grooves and / or stop teeth. Conventionally, a plurality of processing steps must be performed on a tooth, e.g. a
  • the measures of claims 10 to 14 additionally improve the defined power transmission to the workpiece.
  • Claim 15 supports a defined mechanical coupling between the mold element and the other components of a drive tool during the process implementation.
  • Claim 17 relates to a preferred embodiment of the
  • Transmission element which supports the motion control of the mold element depending on its structural design.
  • a tool in order to be used on a surface provided as a compacted sintered component formed workpiece to form a surface relief.
  • the tool has a mold element which is movable in a radial working direction in the direction of the compacted sintered component and has a contact surface with a shape relief. With this shape relief, the tool acts on the provided surface of the compacted sintered component to be machined by shaping in the working direction.
  • this tool helps to provide provided surfaces of already compacted sintered components (eg an internal toothing or
  • Form element is predefined.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional schematic side view of the tool in a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional schematic side view of the tool in a further embodiment
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the formula element in a first
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional side view of the element according to FIG. 3, FIG. 5A, 5B partial perspective views of two mold elements with different shape reliefs for molding the internal toothing of a sliding sleeve,
  • FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of a sliding sleeve with an internal toothing provided for the molding, before the molding process, Fig. 7A, 7B, 7C partial perspective views of sliding sleeves with different surface reliefs on the internal teeth after molding,
  • 8A, 8B is a perspective view of a tooth of
  • FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of a molded element for forming the surface relief on the tooth of FIG. 8B; FIG.
  • 10A, 10B is a perspective view of a tooth of the internal toothing of a sliding sleeve, before and after forming a further embodiment of the surface relief,
  • 11 is a partial cross section of a mold element for molding the
  • 12A, 12B is a perspective view of a tooth of
  • FIGS. 12C, 12D are perspective views of teeth of the teeth
  • FIG. 12B, 1 A, 14 B is a perspective view of a tooth of the internal toothing of a sliding sleeve, before and after forming a further embodiment of the surface relief,
  • Fig. 15 is a partial cross section of a mold element for molding the
  • Fig. 16 is a sectional side view of a drive device for the
  • Fig. 17 is a sectional side view of the drive device and the
  • the mold 1 according to FIG. 1 has a transmission element 2 and a shaped element 3.
  • the transmission element 2 includes a first transmission element part 2a and a second transmission element part 2b. Both transmission element parts 2a and 2b are arranged in the axial direction 16 of the tool 1, that is, along a central longitudinal axis 17 of the tool 1, at a distance from each other.
  • the form element 3 is variable with respect to its radial extent in the radial direction 18.
  • individual or all transmission element parts 2a, 2b are motion-controlled in the radial direction 18. This movement control takes place by means of an associated drive element 19a, 19b, which is shown only schematically in FIG. 1.
  • the mold element 3 carries a contact surface 5 with a shape relief 20, which is to act on a provided radially inner surface 21 of the annular workpiece 4 for forming in the working direction 22.
  • the Workpiece 4 is formed as a compacted sintered component.
  • Working direction 22 extends substantially in the radial direction 18 of the
  • the mold relief 20 is formed non-complementary with respect to the inner surface 21 to be formed.
  • the mold element 3 is moved by means of the drive element 19 and the transmission element 2 in the direction of its radially largest extent (FIG. 1).
  • Transmission element 2 moves in the direction of its smallest radial extent (Fig. 2).
  • the drive element 19 is driven transversely to the working direction 22 along a drive direction 24.
  • the drive direction 24 extends parallel to the axial direction 16.
  • mutually corresponding or cooperating surfaces of the drive element 19, the Ü transmission element 2 and the molded element 3 ensure the necessary power transmission to the mold element 3, so that this in its different positions before, during and after molding can be converted without it comes to unwanted mechanical contacts between the mold element 3 and its shape-relief 20 with the workpiece 4.
  • the drive element 19 has a drive surface 25a, 25b which extends at an acute angle to the drive direction 24.
  • Drive surface 25a cooperates with a complementary transfer surface 26a of the transfer element 2a together.
  • the transmission element 2 is arranged between the drive element 19 and the mold element 3.
  • the transmission element 2a or 2b has a second transmission surface 6a or 6b, which cooperates with a complementary contact surface 7a or 7b of the mold element 3.
  • the second transmission surfaces 6a, 6b and the contact surfaces 7a, 7b extend parallel to the drive direction 24 or in the axial direction 16.
  • At least one transmission element part 2a, 2b and / or the form element 3 are preferably also movable in the axial direction 16.
  • the mold element 3 is preferably formed substantially annular or hollow cylindrical. This is best seen in FIGS. 3 and 4. Along its circumferential direction, a plurality of slots 8 may be provided. They allow a simple radially variable
  • the mold element 3 can to some extent in the radial direction 18 "open” (radial magnification) and “closed” (radial reduction) are.
  • the provided with slots 8 form element 3 according to FIG. 5A, 5B is suitable for the realization of radially inner end geometries on an inner surface 21 of the workpiece 4.
  • the mold element 3 according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 is suitable for forming a radially outer surface 23 of a workpiece 4.
  • the slots 8 are aligned in the radial direction 18, but they do not extend in the axial direction 16 over the entire length of the mold element 3.
  • the provided outer surface 23 may be formed completely cylindrical in the circumferential direction 29 so that formed by means of the form-reliefs 20 individual recesses can be.
  • the outer surface may alternatively have an external toothing 31 with one or more teeth 27, as indicated schematically in FIG. 4. In these teeth 27 of the external teeth 31 then 20 individual recesses such as locking grooves 14 can be formed by means of the form-reliefs.
  • the provided surface of the workpiece 4 is the not yet formed internal toothing 11 of a sliding sleeve 10 (FIG. 6).
  • the end geometry to be formed or the surface relief of the internal toothing 11 to be formed are defined by the shape relief 20 of the shaped element 3 (FIGS. 5A, 5B).
  • the internal toothing 11 to be machined by molding can assume different end geometries:
  • the internal toothing 11 or individual teeth 27 thereof can, after shaping, be formed e.g. have the geometry and function of deposits 12 ( Figures 7A, 8B, 10B), stop teeth 13 ( Figures 7B, 14B) or detent grooves 14 ( Figures 7C, 12B, 12C, 12D).
  • FIG. 8B shows a first variant of a deposit 12 produced by molding on a tooth 27.
  • the geometry of this deposit 12 essentially corresponds to the variant according to FIG. 7A.
  • a form element 3 which can be used to form this deposit 12 is shown in FIG. 9 in the working position which effects the forming.
  • the two tooth flanks 28 and, to a small extent, preferably also the foot region 32 are formed by means of the shaped element 3 in such a way that recesses formed by the molding as deposits 12 are applied to the
  • FIG. 10B shows another variant of a deposit 12 made by forming the side flanks 28 and the foot region 32 on a tooth 27 shown.
  • Shaping element 3 is shown in Fig. 1 1 in the shaping effecting working position.
  • FIGS. 12B, 12C and 12D each show a variant of a locking groove 14 produced by molding on a tooth 27.
  • the locking groove 14 forms a recess in the head region 30 of the tooth 27.
  • a form element 3 which can be used in principle for forming these locking grooves 14 is shown in FIG. 13 in the working position effecting the shaping.
  • Geometry of the mold relief 20 for forming the locking groove 14 is in each case adapted to the geometric variant of the locking groove 14.
  • FIGS. 12B, 12C and 12D can be seen that the surface relief of the tooth 27 has both a deposit 12 and a latching groove 14.
  • This surface relief can be formed by means of a single mold element 3.
  • a plurality of, in particular two, shaped elements 3 with different shape relief 20 can be used in succession, in order to form the entire surface relief (deposit 12 and latching groove 14) on the tooth 27.
  • a so-called stop tooth 13 is shown as a surface relief on a tooth 27.
  • a form element 3 which can be used to form this stop tooth 13 is shown in FIG. 15 in the working position which effects the shaping.
  • the stop tooth 13 is produced by, in particular, two outer head sections 35 of the axial direction 16 in the axial direction
  • the two tooth flanks 28 and the foot region 32 are preferably to a lesser extent
  • the mold elements 3 according to FIG. 9, 11, 13, 15 can in principle the
  • the drive element 19 or its parts 19a, 19b and the tool 1 can be seen as components of a drive device 15.
  • the drive device 15 can be designed differently and allows the transmission of the necessary forces for the motion control of the mold element 3.
  • the structural design of the drive device 15 ensures that the mold element 3 without unwanted contact between its shape relief 20 and its contact surface 5 with the workpiece. 4 can be transferred to the desired position.
  • the transmission element 2 or parts 2a, 2b thereof and / or the mold element 3 and / or the drive element 19 or parts 19a, 19b thereof during the process execution in the axial direction 16 are moved.
  • Extension of the mold element 3 is reduced to perform the molding in a working position.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de formage d'un relief sur une surface donnée (21) d'une pièce (4) sous forme de pièce frittée comprimée, à l'aide d'un élément de formage (3) qui est déplacé dans une direction de travail (22) vers la surface donnée (21), la direction de travail (22) étant radiale par rapport à la pièce (4) et l'élément de formage (3) pourvu d'un relief de formage (20) sur une surface de contact (5) agissant sur la surface (21) de la pièce (4) dans la direction de travail (22).
EP11808330.2A 2010-11-12 2011-11-11 Procédé de formage d'une pièce Active EP2637811B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT6982010 2010-11-12
PCT/IB2011/002950 WO2012063130A2 (fr) 2010-11-12 2011-11-11 Procédé de formage d'une pièce

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2637811A2 true EP2637811A2 (fr) 2013-09-18
EP2637811B1 EP2637811B1 (fr) 2016-06-08

Family

ID=45478382

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11808330.2A Active EP2637811B1 (fr) 2010-11-12 2011-11-11 Procédé de formage d'une pièce

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9427790B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2637811B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2014500800A (fr)
CN (1) CN103260788B (fr)
BR (1) BR112013011278A2 (fr)
RU (1) RU2013120985A (fr)
WO (1) WO2012063130A2 (fr)

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BR112013011278A2 (pt) 2016-11-01
CN103260788B (zh) 2016-01-27
CN103260788A (zh) 2013-08-21
US20140020442A1 (en) 2014-01-23
EP2637811B1 (fr) 2016-06-08
RU2013120985A (ru) 2014-12-20
JP2014500800A (ja) 2014-01-16
US9427790B2 (en) 2016-08-30
WO2012063130A2 (fr) 2012-05-18
WO2012063130A3 (fr) 2012-07-12

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