WO2007074513A1 - リチウム二次電池から有価物質を回収するための回収装置及び回収方法 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池から有価物質を回収するための回収装置及び回収方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007074513A1 WO2007074513A1 PCT/JP2005/023887 JP2005023887W WO2007074513A1 WO 2007074513 A1 WO2007074513 A1 WO 2007074513A1 JP 2005023887 W JP2005023887 W JP 2005023887W WO 2007074513 A1 WO2007074513 A1 WO 2007074513A1
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- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- molten salt
- chloride molten
- lithium chloride
- secondary battery
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a recovery apparatus and recovery method for recovering valuable materials, particularly valuable metals such as lithium (Li) and cobalt (Co), from a lithium secondary battery.
- a lithium-containing transition metal oxide is used for a positive electrode material of a lithium secondary battery, and in particular, a composite material of lithium cobaltate (LiCoO) and carbon (C) that is relatively easy to synthesize.
- the positive electrode material of the lithium secondary battery contains rare valuable substances such as cobalt and lithium, it is necessary to collect these valuable substances from the used lithium secondary battery. Is desired.
- the recovered valuable substances can be recycled, for example, as electrode materials for lithium secondary batteries.
- the used lithium secondary batteries are roasted and reduced with carbon. Then, after making it easy to become a metal concentrate such as correto metal powder or nickel metal powder, the roasted material is pulverized and sieved to separate it into parts that are rich in valuable metals and parts that are low in valuable metals. Then, the valuable metal concentrate is mixed with the calcium compound, heated to 1500 ° C. or higher and melted, and the aluminum component is mixed into the slag of the calcium compound and removed. As a result, valuable metals such as nickel and nickel are recovered.
- a metal concentrate such as correto metal powder or nickel metal powder
- a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes a mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, or a mineral acid and a peracid.
- a mixed solution of hydrogen fluoride water is added to separate the eluate.
- the eluate is bis (1, 1, 3, (3-Tetramethylbutyl) phosphinic acid compound, etc., is contacted with a solvent containing a special metal extractant for extraction and separation, and the extract solution solvent phase is contacted with mineral acid for back-extraction separation. Collected.
- the oxide treatment process in the conventional method for recovering valuable metals includes multi-stage processes such as acid dissolution, solvent extraction, precipitation treatment, acid treatment, and heat treatment, and the system is complex and relatively large equipment.
- the processing force is high and the processing time is long.
- the carbon combustion removal process in the previous process has a problem that a large amount of energy is required and a long time of about 2 hours is required for the treatment.
- the conventional recovery method described above has a problem that lithium, which is a valuable metal, cannot be recovered effectively.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-11698 in which the present applicant is also one of the joint applicants, describes a conventional recovery method that should solve the above-mentioned problems.
- a recycling method and apparatus for lithium secondary battery electrode material that can be processed in a short time in a simple process are disclosed. According to this recycling processing method and apparatus, it is possible to appropriately recover lithium, which was difficult with the conventional recovery method.
- lithium cobalt oxide which is a positive electrode material of a lithium secondary battery, is made of metal. Reduction reaction in lithium chloride molten salt (LiCl) with lithium (Li) (
- Reduction reaction step This produces lithium oxide (Li 2 O) to produce cobalt oxide (CoO) and co
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and simplifies the structure of a recovery device for recovering a valuable substance from a lithium secondary battery and the operation procedure of the recovery method. It aims to become.
- a recovery device for recovering a valuable material of a lithium secondary battery includes an electrode material of a lithium secondary battery in a lithium chloride molten salt containing metallic lithium.
- a portable perforated treatment in which a reaction vessel for immersion and a reduction reaction with metallic lithium is accommodated, and the electrode material is accommodated and immersed in the lithium chloride molten salt in the reaction vessel together with the accommodated electrode material.
- a container body filled with the electrode material, the container wall constituting the container body storing lithium chloride molten salt in the internal space of the reaction tank and the electrode material A perforated processing container in which a plurality of through-holes communicating with the internal space of the container main body is formed, and the perforated processing container containing the electrode material is immersed in a lithium chloride molten salt in the reaction vessel.
- the thickness of the internal space filled with the electrode material is approximately twice or less than the penetration distance of the lithium chloride molten salt into the filled electrode material. Is set.
- the thickness of the internal space of the container body is in the range of about 60 mm or less.
- the container body has a rectangular structure in which an internal space has a rectangular horizontal cross section.
- the container body has a donut structure in which an internal space has an annular horizontal cross section.
- the through hole has a hole diameter of about lmm.
- the apparatus further includes a guide tube that forms therein a passage for immersing the perforated processing container in the lithium chloride molten salt in the reaction tank by the container transport unit.
- the guide tube is arranged so that the lower end thereof is positioned below the liquid level of the lithium chloride molten salt stored in the reaction vessel.
- the container wall of the container main body is formed of a mesh material or a punching metal.
- the method further includes electrodeposition means for electrolyzing lithium oxide produced in the lithium chloride molten salt in the reaction vessel to deposit metallic lithium on the cathode.
- the apparatus further includes a lithium electrodeposition tank provided separately from the reaction tank and provided with the electrodeposition means.
- a discharge port is formed immediately above the liquid surface of the lithium chloride molten salt. It further has a discharge channel.
- the anode and the cathode of the electrodeposition means are immersed in a molten lithium chloride salt in the reaction vessel.
- a partition member for floating on the liquid surface of the lithium chloride molten salt in the reaction vessel and shielding the metallic lithium from the anode of the electrodeposition means is provided on the counter electrode. It is provided in the response tank.
- a discharge port is formed immediately above the liquid surface of the lithium chloride molten salt. It further has a discharge channel.
- it further includes a water tank for immersing the perforated treatment container pulled up from the lithium chloride molten salt in the reaction tank in water to remove deposits.
- a recovery method for recovering a valuable material of a lithium secondary battery is a portable type having a container body filled with an electrode material of a lithium secondary battery. It is an immersion step of immersing a perforated treatment container in a lithium chloride molten salt containing metallic lithium stored in a reaction tank, and the container wall constituting the container body stores the lithium chloride molten salt in the reaction A dipping step in which a plurality of through holes are formed to communicate the internal space of the tank and the internal space of the container main body, which accommodates the electrode material,
- the thickness of the internal space filled with the electrode material is about twice or less than the permeation distance of the lithium chloride molten salt to the filled electrode material.
- lithium chloride molten salt permeates substantially the entire electrode material filled in the container body.
- the perforated treatment container is immersed in the lithium chloride molten salt in the reaction tank through the inside of the guide tube and is pulled up,
- the guide tube is arranged so that the lower end thereof is located below the liquid surface of the lithium chloride molten salt stored in the reaction vessel.
- the step of preparing the lithium chloride molten salt and the metallic lithium to be supplied into the reaction vessel before the immersing step wherein the liquid level of the lithium chloride molten salt is first applied to the liquid surface.
- a preparation step for supplying is further included.
- an electrodeposition step of electrolyzing lithium oxide produced in the lithium chloride molten salt in the reaction tank and depositing metallic lithium on the cathode is performed. Further prepare.
- the electrodeposition step is performed using a pair of electrodes arranged in a lithium electrodeposition tank provided separately from the reaction tank.
- the electrodeposition step is performed using a pair of electrodes provided in the reaction vessel.
- the metallic lithium deposited on the cathode and floated on the liquid surface of the lithium chloride molten salt is formed with an outlet at a position directly above the liquid surface of the lithium chloride molten salt. Drain through the road.
- the perforated treatment container pulled up from the water is further immersed in water to further include a water washing step for removing deposits.
- the method further includes a filling step of compressing and filling the powdered electrode material into the container body before the dipping step.
- the lithium chloride molten salt solution stored in the reaction vessel is used.
- the lithium metal floating on the surface is dissolved and replenished in the molten lithium chloride so as to maintain chemical equilibrium.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a recovery device for valuable substances from a lithium secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the main part of the valuable substance recovery device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3A is a side view showing an enlarged portion of the perforated basket assembly shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3B is a front view showing an enlarged portion of the perforated basket assembly shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a basket unit constituting the perforated basket assembly shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, (a) is a side view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a front view. Top view, (d) is bottom view
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the perforated basket constituting the basket unit shown in FIG. 4.
- (a) is a side view
- (b) is a front view
- (c) is a top view
- (d ) Is a bottom view.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a method for recovering a valuable substance from a lithium secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram showing a state in which a perforated basket assembly is put into a reduction reaction tank in the valuable substance recovery apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7B is a view showing a state in which the perforated basket assembly is loaded in the reduction reaction tank in the valuable substance recovery apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7C In the valuable substance recovery apparatus shown in FIG. A figure showing how the power is raised.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram showing a state in which lithium chloride molten salt is supplied into the reduction reaction tank in the valuable substance recovery apparatus shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 8B is a view showing a state where the valuable substance recovery apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is filled with lithium chloride molten salt to a predetermined level in the reduction reaction tank.
- FIG. 8C is a view showing a state in which metallic lithium is supplied onto the liquid surface of the molten salt of molten lithium salt filled in the inside of the reduction reaction tank in the valuable substance recovery apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9A is a side view showing a preferable example of a perforated basket in the valuable substance recovery apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9B is a front view of the perforated basket shown in FIG. 9A.
- FIG. 10A is a perspective view showing another example of a perforated basket in the valuable substance recovery apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10B is a top view of the perforated basket shown in FIG. 10A.
- FIG. 10C is a bottom view of the perforated basket shown in FIG. 10A.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a single tank type recovery device as a modification of the valuable substance recovery device shown in FIG. 1.
- the valuable material recovery apparatus includes a reduction reaction tank 1 and a lithium electrodeposition tank 2.
- the reduction reaction tank 1 is composed of lithium cobaltate (Li).
- CoO is immersed in a lithium chloride molten salt (LiCl) containing metallic lithium (Li) to
- the reduction reaction tank 1 is provided with a stirrer 3 for stirring the liquid in the tank.
- Lithium chloride molten salt (LiCl) dissolves the reducing agent (Li) and reduction product (Li 2 O), which contributes to the homogenization and stabilization of the reduction reaction.
- the lithium electrodeposition tank 2 is formed by oxidation oxidation produced in the lithium chloride molten salt in the reduction reaction tank 1. This is for electrolyzing thium to deposit metallic lithium on the cathode.
- the lithium electrode 2 is provided with a cathode 4 and a cathode 5 for electrolyzing lithium oxide in the lithium chloride molten salt, and metallic lithium is deposited on the cathode 5 by electrolysis.
- the metallic lithium deposited on the cathode 5 floats in the lithium chloride molten salt and accumulates on the liquid surface of the lithium chloride molten salt.
- the reduction reaction tank 1 and the lithium electrodeposition tank 2 are sealed with an inert gas such as argon gas in the atmosphere of the gas phase space. .
- the seal gas is circulated by the circulation device 6 and used.
- the circulation device 6 is connected to a mist trap 7 that removes the mist of the molten salt conveyed to the seal gas and a copper oxide bed 8 that removes the oxygen gas generated in the lithium electrodeposition tank 2.
- the circulation device 6, the mist trap 7, and the copper oxide bed 8 constitute a seal gas circulation system 9.
- the valuable substance recovery apparatus includes a portable perforated basket assembly 10 (a perforated processing container).
- This portable perforated basket assembly 10 contains and contains lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO), which is an electrode material for lithium secondary batteries.
- LiCoO lithium cobalt oxide
- the perforated nosket assembly 10 is transported by a crane 12 (container transporting means) provided with a gripping mechanism 11. That is, the crane 12 immerses the perforated basket assembly 10 containing the lithium cobalt oxide before the treatment in the lithium chloride molten salt in the reduction reaction tank 1, and melts the lithium chloride in the reduction reaction tank 1 after the predetermined treatment. Pull the perforated basket assembly 10 out of the salt. At this time, the collection object (cobalt, cobalt oxide), which is a reaction product, remains as a lump inside the perforated basket assembly 10.
- the reduction reaction tank 1 is provided with a guide tube 13 that forms therein a passage when the perforated basket assembly 10 is immersed in the lithium chloride molten salt in the reduction reaction tank 1 by the crane 12. .
- the guide tube 13 is arranged such that its lower end 13a is positioned below the liquid surface of the lithium chloride molten salt (LiCl) stored in the reduction reaction tank 1.
- the valuable material recovery apparatus includes a water tank 14. After the predetermined time treatment in the reduction reaction tank 1, the reduction reaction is performed by the crane 12. The perforated basket assembly 10 pulled up from the lithium chloride molten salt in the tank 1 is immersed in the water in the water tank 14, and the deposits such as lithium chloride (LiCl) are washed with water.
- LiCl lithium chloride
- the perforated basket assembly 10 is composed of three basket units 16 connected up and down via a spacer 15. As shown in FIG. 4, each basket unit 16 is configured by connecting four perforated baskets (container main bodies) 17 to each other by a lid plate 18.
- the number of basket units 16 constituting the perforated nosket assembly 10 (three in this embodiment) and the number of perforated baskets 17 constituting each basket unit 16 (four in this embodiment) are as follows: It can be changed appropriately according to the required processing amount.
- the perforated gasket 17 constitutes a container filled with lithium cobalt oxide, and the container wall of the perforated gasket 17 is formed of a mesh material having a plurality of through holes 18. Besides the mesh material, the container wall of the perforated basket 17 can be formed by punching metal.
- the container wall of the perforated basket 17 is formed of a material having excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance, and is preferably formed of a stainless material (SUS 316 or the like).
- the particle size of the lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO) powder filled in the perforated basket 17 is several tens of
- the hole diameter of the through hole 18 in the container wall of the perforated basket 17 is preferably set to about lmm.
- the container wall of the perforated basket 17 is thus formed with a plurality of through holes 18 throughout the perforated basket 17, when the perforated basket assembly 10 is loaded into the reduction reaction tank 1,
- the internal space of the reduction reaction tank 1 that stores the lithium chloride molten salt and the internal space of the perforated basket 17 that stores the lithium cobaltate communicate with each other through the plurality of through holes 18.
- the perforated basket 17 has a rectangular structure in which the outer shape and the internal space have a rectangular horizontal cross section. Further, in the perforated basket 17, the thickness t (FIG. 5 (c)) of the internal space filled with lithium cobalt oxide is about 2 times the penetration distance of the molten lithium salt with respect to the filled lithium cobalt oxide. It is set to double or less. Preferably, the thickness t of the inner space of the perforated basket 17 is in the range of about 60 mm or less.
- the perforated gasket 17 preferably has a tapered shape that expands toward the upper opening as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B.
- the thickness of the upper part of the inner space of the perforated basket 17, that is, the thickness t (FIG. 9A) of the portion with the largest horizontal cross section is set to the lithium chloride to the filled lithium cobalt oxide.
- a perforated basket 17A having a donut structure whose inner space has an annular horizontal cross section is used as another example of the perforated basket.
- the thickness t between the small-diameter inner wall and the large-diameter inner wall defining the annular inner space is set to the filled lithium cobalt oxide. Set to about twice or less of the penetration distance of lithium chloride molten salt.
- the collected lithium ion battery Ml is heat-treated at a relatively low temperature of 100 ° C and 150 ° C for about 1 hour to remove the resin package. (S1), pulverized with a shredder (S2), and sieved to select small particles (S3).
- the selected material is further heat-treated at a slightly high temperature of 300 ° C to 500 ° C for about 1 hour to separate and remove the collected metal and the electrode binder (S4), and then sieved by vibration ( S5), metal materials such as nickel, copper and aluminum M2, lithium cobaltate (LiCoO) and
- the metal material M2 is separated and collected for each element by specific gravity sorting, magnetic sorting, etc., and is effectively recycled for each metal (S6).
- the lithium cobaltate / carbon mixture M3 is separated into lithium cobaltate M4 and electrode carbon M5 by floating sorting (S7).
- the separated lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO) M4 is a valuable material recovery method of the present embodiment.
- Li lithium metal
- Co cobalt
- the separately collected lithium conoleate (LiCoO) powder is mixed with a perforated basket.
- each perforated basket 17 of the G aggregate 10 is compressed and filled (filling step S8).
- a perforated basket assembly 10 composed of a plurality of perforated baskets 17 filled with lithium conoleate is reduced by a crane 12 via a guide tube 13.
- Load inside tank 1 (dipping process).
- Lithium chloride (LiCl) in the reduction reaction tank 1 is heated to a temperature slightly higher than its melting point of 610 ° C. and maintained in a molten state.
- the thickness t of the inner space of the perforated basket 17 is set to about twice or less than the penetration distance of the lithium chloride molten salt into the filled lithium cobaltate. Therefore, the lithium chloride molten salt penetrates into the entire lithium cobaltate filled in the perforated basket 17.
- the lithium cobalt oxide in the perforated basket 17 causes a reduction reaction with the metal lithium over the whole (reduction reaction step S10).
- this reduction reaction step S 10 lithium chloride molten salt (LiCl) in which metallic lithium (Li) as a reducing agent and lithium oxide (Li 2 O) as a reaction product are dissolved is mixed with a porous basket 17.
- step (S7) after adding lithium cobalt oxide into the reduction reaction tank 1, as a pretreatment, oxygen 0 is blown into the reaction vessel while stirring with a stirrer 3 to react with carbon (C).
- the atmospheric pressure may be atmospheric pressure.
- the seal gas circulation system 9 is provided with a carbon dioxide gas adsorbent and removed. It can be solidified with a cold trap and removed.
- the lithium reduction reaction (S 10) shown in FIG. 6 is three times the equivalent of lithium cobaltate (LiCoO).
- Co Co
- LiCl lithium chloride molten salt
- the lithium cobaltate filled in the perforated basket 17 is entirely reduced (exothermic reaction). ) Has remained almost intact even after the occurrence.
- lithium oxide is dissolved in lithium chloride molten salt at about 8.8 wt% at 650 ° C. Therefore, lithium oxide dissolved in the lithium chloride molten salt and cobalt remaining in the perforated basket 17 can be easily separated.
- the amount of lithium cobaltate that can be processed in one batch is limited by the amount of lithium oxide dissolved, and is determined by the amount of lithium chloride molten salt and the lithium oxide dissolution rate.
- the crane 12 is used to reduce the perforated basket assembly 10 together with the recovery object (cobalt component) remaining therein as shown in FIG. 7C. Pull up from reaction tank 1 (pulling step Sl l).
- the perforated basket assembly 10 is immersed in the water in the water tank 14 shown in Fig. 1 using the crane 12 as it is to remove the deposits (water washing step S12).
- the recovered cobalt component is lifted from the reduction reaction tank 1 together with the perforated basket assembly 10, so that lithium chloride molten salt (LiCl) is accompanied by the perforated basket assembly 10.
- the carbon component and residual binder (fluorine-based resin) that cannot be removed in the combustion process are reacted with metallic lithium (Li) in the reduction reaction tank 1, respectively, and LiC (C + Li ⁇ LiC) and LiF (F + Li ⁇ LiF) may occur. Therefore, by washing the perforated basket assembly 10 in the water tank 14 in the water washing step (S12), lithium chloride (LiCl) can be dissolved and removed in water, and LiC reacts with water to produce acetylene. Can be removed (LiC + H
- LiF can be dissolved and removed in water.
- the recovered cobalt component is used as a raw material for the electrode material, it may be advantageous in processing to recover it in the form of cobalt oxide.
- LiCoO + Li ⁇ CoO + Li O (2) if approximately equivalent amount of metallic lithium is added to the supply of lithium conoleate.
- an anode 4 and a cathode 5 for electrolysis are inserted, and a DC power source is connected to both electrodes 4 and 5.
- Lithium chloride molten salt mixed with lithium oxide generated in reduction reaction tank 1 is transferred to lithium electrodeposition tank 2, and electrodes 4, 5 are immersed in the molten salt, and between 2.47 V between both electrodes 4, 5 3.
- lithium oxide is electrolyzed, metallic lithium is deposited on the cathode 5, and oxygen gas is generated on the anode 4.
- Lithium electrodeposition tank 2 is used to remove floating metallic lithium through a discharge pipe (discharge channel) 20 connected to the lithium electrodeposition tank 2 directly above the liquid surface of the molten salt in the lithium electrodeposition tank 2. 2 can be drained or sucked out and collected.
- the generated oxygen gas floats on the surface of the molten salt and is carried out together with the seal gas.
- the electrolytic voltage is about 2.
- Lithium electrodeposition is terminated when the lithium oxide dissolution concentration in the lithium chloride molten salt is too low, so that the electrolytic efficiency is lowered. Again, add the raw material lithium cobaltate, add metallic lithium, and repeat from the reduction reaction.
- the lithium chloride molten salt (LiCl) as the reaction solvent and the metal lithium (Li) as the reducing agent are supplied into the reduction reaction tank 1.
- the lithium chloride molten salt (LiCl) as the reaction solvent and the metal lithium (Li) as the reducing agent are supplied into the reduction reaction tank 1.
- lithium that has been difficult to recover can be recovered reliably.
- the dry reaction using the lithium chloride molten salt simplifies the treatment, and makes the reduction reaction uniform and stable. In addition, wastewater and waste can be easily treated.
- the waste is basically only oxygen gas generated in the lithium electrodeposition tank 2.
- the conventional wet method produces a lot of waste such as waste water, ion exchange resin, and organic solvent, whereas the treatment method of this embodiment is advantageous in that the kind and amount of waste are small.
- the electrode material of the lithium secondary battery can be collected by a dry process, the process is simple, and the treatment can be performed in a short time. Together with this, it is possible to reduce the compactness of the equipment and the operating costs. In addition, the amount of waste water and the amount of waste can be reduced.
- the Li electrodeposition tank is shared with the reduction reaction tank 1. It can be a single tank type.
- the partition member 19 for shielding the metallic lithium floating on the liquid surface of the lithium chloride molten salt in the reaction tank 1 from the anode 4 of the electrodeposition means is reacted.
- Tank 1 is provided.
- a discharge pipe 20 for discharging metallic lithium floating on the liquid surface of the lithium chloride molten salt to the outside of the tank is connected to the reaction tank 1 at a position directly above the liquid surface of the lithium chloride molten salt.
- the structure for transporting the lithium chloride molten salt from the reduction reaction tank 1 to the Li electrodeposition tank 2 and the Li electrodeposition tank 2 itself can be omitted, and since the temperature of the molten salt during transportation is eliminated, the energy loss for maintaining the molten salt temperature can be eliminated.
- the positive electrode material of the lithium secondary battery is lithium cobalt oxide.
- the recovery method is positive electrode materials other than lithium cobaltate, such as LiNiO, LiCo Ni O (
- reaction formula is as follows.
- the electrode material is LiNiO
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007551827A JP5007240B2 (ja) | 2005-12-27 | 2005-12-27 | リチウム二次電池から有価物質を回収するための回収装置及び回収方法 |
| US12/085,357 US20090272650A1 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2005-12-27 | Apparatus and Method for Recovering Valuable Substance From Lithium Secondary Battery |
| CN2005800524059A CN101346851B (zh) | 2005-12-27 | 2005-12-27 | 用于从锂二次电池中回收贵重物质的回收装置和回收方法 |
| PCT/JP2005/023887 WO2007074513A1 (ja) | 2005-12-27 | 2005-12-27 | リチウム二次電池から有価物質を回収するための回収装置及び回収方法 |
| CA2627734A CA2627734C (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2005-12-27 | Apparatus and method for recovering valuable substance from lithium secondary battery |
| EP05822713.3A EP1968154B1 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2005-12-27 | Apparatus and method for recovering valuable substance from lithium rechargeable battery |
| US13/661,768 US20130062220A1 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2012-10-26 | Apparatus and Method for Recovering Valuable Substance from Lithium Secondary Battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2005/023887 WO2007074513A1 (ja) | 2005-12-27 | 2005-12-27 | リチウム二次電池から有価物質を回収するための回収装置及び回収方法 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/661,768 Continuation US20130062220A1 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2012-10-26 | Apparatus and Method for Recovering Valuable Substance from Lithium Secondary Battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007074513A1 true WO2007074513A1 (ja) | 2007-07-05 |
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| PCT/JP2005/023887 Ceased WO2007074513A1 (ja) | 2005-12-27 | 2005-12-27 | リチウム二次電池から有価物質を回収するための回収装置及び回収方法 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20090272650A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1968154B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5007240B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101346851B (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2627734C (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2007074513A1 (ja) |
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| JP2014526953A (ja) * | 2011-06-21 | 2014-10-09 | アドバンスド テクノロジー マテリアルズ,インコーポレイテッド | リチウムイオン電池からの酸化リチウムコバルトの回収方法 |
| JP2016121383A (ja) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-07 | 株式会社シンコーフレックス | リチウムイオン二次電池からのアルミ・銅合金製造方法 |
| JP2021080491A (ja) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-05-27 | 株式会社東芝 | 使用済み二次電池のリサイクル方法 |
| JP2022554418A (ja) * | 2019-11-12 | 2022-12-28 | フリコ リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 電池不活性化 |
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| KR101869805B1 (ko) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-07-24 | 전자부품연구원 | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 이용한 리튬 이차 전지 |
| CN110233305A (zh) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-13 | 武汉大学 | 一种废旧锂离子电池三元正极材料的熔盐再生活化方法 |
| CN111430830B (zh) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-07-27 | 中南大学 | 一种基于熔盐体系的废旧锂电池正极中有价组分回收方法 |
| CN111430831B (zh) * | 2020-03-11 | 2022-02-15 | 中南大学 | 一种废旧锂离子电池负极材料的回收方法 |
| US12431480B2 (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2025-09-30 | Pure Lithium Corporation | Methods for forming an energy storage device |
| US12368155B2 (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2025-07-22 | Pure Lithium Corporation | Lithium metal anode and battery |
| CN112522525B (zh) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-10-18 | 四川轻化工大学 | 金属锂渣料连续水解装置及水解方法 |
| US12412897B2 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2025-09-09 | Pure Lithium Corporation | Rechargeable battery and electrolysis method of making same |
| WO2023131620A1 (de) * | 2022-01-05 | 2023-07-13 | Hte Gmbh The High Throughput Experimentation Company | Vorrichtung zur untersuchung elektrokatalytischer reaktionen |
| CN114589186B (zh) * | 2022-02-28 | 2024-02-02 | 湖北金泉新材料有限公司 | 一种含锂废弃物的综合处理方法 |
| GB202213410D0 (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-10-26 | Johnson Matthey Plc | A recycling method for recovery of valuable metal elements from waste battery materials |
| CN116397282A (zh) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-07-07 | 中南大学 | 一种熔盐电解回收废旧钴酸锂电池中钴和锂的回收方法 |
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- 2005-12-27 CA CA2627734A patent/CA2627734C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-27 WO PCT/JP2005/023887 patent/WO2007074513A1/ja not_active Ceased
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- 2005-12-27 JP JP2007551827A patent/JP5007240B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014526953A (ja) * | 2011-06-21 | 2014-10-09 | アドバンスド テクノロジー マテリアルズ,インコーポレイテッド | リチウムイオン電池からの酸化リチウムコバルトの回収方法 |
| JP2018095968A (ja) * | 2011-06-21 | 2018-06-21 | ワーナー バブコック インスティチュート フォア グリーン ケミストリー リミテッド ライアビリティー カンパニー | リチウムイオン電池からの酸化リチウムコバルトの回収方法 |
| JP2016121383A (ja) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-07 | 株式会社シンコーフレックス | リチウムイオン二次電池からのアルミ・銅合金製造方法 |
| JP2022554418A (ja) * | 2019-11-12 | 2022-12-28 | フリコ リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 電池不活性化 |
| JP7652438B2 (ja) | 2019-11-12 | 2025-03-27 | フリコ リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 電池不活性化 |
| JP2021080491A (ja) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-05-27 | 株式会社東芝 | 使用済み二次電池のリサイクル方法 |
| JP7263213B2 (ja) | 2019-11-14 | 2023-04-24 | 株式会社東芝 | 使用済み二次電池のリサイクル方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101346851B (zh) | 2010-09-01 |
| US20130062220A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
| CN101346851A (zh) | 2009-01-14 |
| CA2627734C (en) | 2011-06-14 |
| CA2627734A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
| JPWO2007074513A1 (ja) | 2009-06-04 |
| EP1968154A1 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
| EP1968154A4 (en) | 2011-02-16 |
| JP5007240B2 (ja) | 2012-08-22 |
| US20090272650A1 (en) | 2009-11-05 |
| EP1968154B1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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