WO2007061236A1

WO2007061236A1 - Cleaner for precaution against of cow's hoof, manufacturing method thereof, and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2007061236A1
Application number: PCT/KR2006/004950
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kwang Soo Baek; Jae Ki Kim; Hyun Seob Kim; Soo Bong Park; Sung Jae Park; Byung Soon Jeon; Kook Hyun Seo; Tae-Yeong Hur; Seok Jin Kang; Byoung Seok Ahn; Sun Hee Jung; Byoung Hak Kim
Original assignee: Korea Rural Development Administration
Current assignee: Korea Rural Development Administration
Priority date: 2005-11-23
Filing date: 2006-11-23
Publication date: 2007-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 2008-05-23
Also published as: KR20080069206A; KR100997709B1; CN101309677B; CN101309677A; JP4843680B2; JP2009519217A

Abstract

A hoof cleaning agent for prevention of cow's hoof disorders is provided. Specifically, the present invention provides a hoof cleaning agent for prevention of cow's hoof disorders, and use and preparation thereof, which are capable of simultaneously achieving cleaning and sterilizing effects of cow's hooves, thus allowing for sterilization of animal affected hooves under cleaned conditions of the contaminated area and thereby resulting in early prevention of productivity decrease such as a low milk yield and a low breeding coefficient via prophylaxis of cow's hoof disorders and avoidance of extreme situations such as cow culling, and are also capable of making great contributions to the promotion of cow's health and comfort. For this purpose, the hoof cleaning agent comprises a wash liquid prepared by mixing a solid mixture of tartaric acid, citric acid, zinc sulfate, sodium molybdate and potassium nitrate with water, in order to remove foreign materials from cow's hooves, and a sodium hypochlorite for sterilizing harmful bacteria of cow's hooves from which foreign materials were removed.

Description

[DESCRIPTION] [Invention Title]

CLEANER FOR PRECAUTION AGAINST OF COW'S HOOF, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, AND USING METHOD THEREOF

[Technical Field]

The present invention relates to a hoof cleaning agent for prevention of cow's hoof disorders, and preparation and use thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a hoof cleaning agent for prevention of cow's hoof disorders, which is used as a raw material of a hoof cleaning solution of a hoof bath for cow's hooves and has combined functions of washing and sterilization, and use and preparation thereof.

[Background Art]

Generally, hoofed domestic animals such as Korean native cows (Hanwoo), dairy cows and the like may suffer from or may be susceptible to significant hoof disorders caused by inhabitation and growth of a variety of harmful bacteria and fungi in the open volume defined broadly by the hoof bottom wall. Due to a large body frame and heavy weight of Korean native cows and dairy cows, there would be the heavy weight load imposed on the hooves and legs thereof. Therefore, hoof disorders may be fatal to survival of cows which usually keep standing all day long. Therefore, when there is no way of preventing hoof diseases of animals in breeding farms of Korean native cows and dairy cows, dairy farmers have taken a step to treat the animals by a method involving applying antibiotic ointments to the affected areas of the animal and then applying a bandage thereto, or a method of spraying a copper sulfate (CuSO₄) solution to the affected lesions, upon incidence of such diseases. In addition, the copper sulfate solution or a chemical substance such as formalin has also been employed as a hoof cleaning solution for use in a hoof bath or hoof-cleaning room.

[Disclosure of Invention] [ Technical Problem ]

However, the above-mentioned conventional sterilization methods of animal hooves have suffered from problems associated with poor penetration of a sterilizing solution to the target area, resulting in insufficient sterilizing effects, due to incomplete removal of contaminants from the open volume formed by cloven hooves of Korean native cows and dairy cows.

[Technical Solution] Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an aspect of the present invention to provide a hoof cleaning agent for prevention of cow's hoof disorders, and use and preparation thereof, which are capable of simultaneously achieving cleaning and sterilizing effects of cow's hooves, thus allowing for sterilization of affected animal hooves under cleaned conditions of the contaminated area and consequently resulting in early prevention of the productivity decrease such as a low milk yield and a low breeding coefficient via prophylaxis of cow's hoof disorders and avoidance of extreme situations such as culling, and are also capable of making great contributions to the promotion of cow's welfare.

Additional aspects and/or advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

[ Advantageous Effects ]

A hoof cleaning agent for prevention of cow's hoof disorders according to the present invention simultaneously contains cleaning components and sterilizing components. Therefore, when the hoof cleaning agent is diluted in water to form a hoof cleaning solution for use in a hoof bath and is then applied to hooves of the cow through the hoof bath, the cleaning components of the hoof cleaning solution first removes foreign materials adhered to interstices between cloven hooves of the animal while harmful bacteria adhered to the animal hooves are completely exposed to the hoof cleaning solution, and under such conditions, the adhered bacteria are thoroughly sterilized by sodium hypochlorite contained in the hoof cleaning solution.

Therefore, use of the hoof cleaning solution utilizing the hoof cleaning agent of the present invention enables effective prevention and treatment of cow's hoof disorders, which in turn results in early prevention of productivity reduction such as a low milk yield and a low breeding coefficient and avoidance of potential extreme situations such as cow culling, as well as achievement of great contributions to the promotion of cow's health and comfort.

[Best Mode]

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, the above and other objects can be accomplished by the provision of a hoof cleaning agent for prevention of cow's hoof disorders, comprising a wash liquid prepared by mixing a solid mixture of tartaric acid, citric acid, zinc sulfate, sodium molybdate and potassium nitrate with water, in order to remove foreign materials from cow's hooves, and a sodium hypochlorite for sterilizing harmful bacteria of cow's hooves from which foreign materials were removed. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hoof cleaning agent for prevention of cow's hoof disorders which is prepared by mixing solids of 15 to 25% by weight of tartaric acid, 15 to 25% by weight of citric acid, 15 to 25% by weight of zinc sulfate, 15 to 25% by weight of sodium molybdate and 15 to 25 % by weight of potassium nitrate; mixing and liquefying 50% by weight of the resulting mixture and 50% by weight of water to prepare a wash liquid; and mixing 50% by weight of the wash liquid and 50% by weight of sodium hypochlorite.

In accordance with a still further aspect of the present invention, there is provided use of a hoof cleaning agent as a hoof cleaning solution of a hoof bath for cow's hooves, wherein the hoof cleaning agent is diluted with water and a concentration of the hoof cleaning agent in the hoof cleaning solution is in a range of 5 to 16% by weight.

In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a hoof cleaning agent for prevention of cow's hoof disorders, comprising mixing solids of 15 to 25% by weight of tartaric acid, 15 to 25% by weight of citric acid, 15 to 25% by weight of zinc sulfate, 15 to 25% by weight of sodium molybdate and 15 to 25% by weight of potassium nitrate; mixing and liquefying 50% by weight of the mixture and 50% by weight of water to prepare a wash liquid; providing a stock solution of sodium hypochlorite; and mixing 50% by weight of the wash liquid and 50% by weight of the sodium hypochlorite stock solution.

[Mode for Invention]

Now, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. These examples are provided only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope and spirit of the present invention. A hoof cleaning agent according to the present invention is used as a raw material which forms a hoof cleaning solution to be used in a hoof bath for cow's hooves, via dilution of the agent with water, and is provided by mixing a wash liquid, composed of a mixture of solids of 15 to 25% by weight of tartaric acid, 15 to 25% by weight of citric acid, 15 to 25% by weight of zinc sulfate, 15 to 25% by weight of sodium molybdate and 15 to 25% by weight of potassium nitrate and water, with a stock solution of sodium hypochlorite.

The hoof cleaning agent is prepared by a process of mixing solids of 15 to 25% by weight of tartaric acid, 15 to 25% by weight of citric acid, 15 to 25% by weight of zinc sulfate, 15 to 25% by weight of sodium molybdate and 15 to 25% by weight of potassium nitrate; mixing and liquefying 50% by weight of the resulting mixture and 50% by weight of water to prepare a wash liquid; and mixing 50% by weight of the resulting wash liquid and 50% by weight of the sodium hypochlorite stock solution. When it is desired to form a hoof cleaning solution using the thus- prepared hoof cleaning agent, the agent is preferably mixed again with water to form the hoof cleaning solution containing a 5% to 16% by weight of the agent (which will be demonstrated by the following experimental values hereinafter). When the thus-prepared hoof cleaning solution is poured in a hoof bath through which cows are then allowed to pass, cow's hooves are dipped in the hoof cleaning solution during passage of the cows and bacteria inhabiting in cow's hooves are thoroughly removed by the washing action of the wash liquid and the sterilizing action of the sodium hypochlorite stock solution. That is, tartaric acid, citric acid and zinc sulfate among components constituting the wash liquid are materials exerting excellent detergency, and a mixture thereof separates and removes foreign materials and contaminants adhered to cow's hooves during a short period of time at which cows pass through the hoof bath. At this time, sodium molybdate and potassium nitrate prevent deterioration in the intrinsic detergency of individual components which may occur upon intermixing of tartaric acid, citric acid and zinc sulfate.

Once foreign materials are removed by the components of the wash liquid, harmful bacteria adhered to the animal hooves are completely exposed to the hoof cleaning solution, and under such conditions, the adhered bacteria are thoroughly sterilized by the action of sodium hypochlorite contained in the hoof cleaning solution. These cleaning and sterilizing effects of the hoof cleaning agent were demonstrated through various clinical tests as follows.

Test results on sterilization effects of the hoof cleaning solution are shown below. Table 1 shows a Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) and a Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the hoof cleaning agent on isolated bacteria.

Table 1

That is, test bacteria were grown in a broth tube made of transparent glass, containing Muller-Hinton broth, with addition of a commercial copper sulfate solution and dilute solutions thereof having different copper sulfate concentrations of 5.00%, 2.50%, 1.25%, 0.63%, 0.31%, 0.15% and 0.08%, respectively. The Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of copper sulfate solutions were determined. The MIC and MBC of the copper sulfate solution on Bacteria A and Bacteria B were 0.31%, respectively.

Whereas, the hoof cleaning solution of the present invention exhibited MBC of 5% for Bacteria A (E. coli). It was determined that the hoof cleaning solution shows a higher MBC as compared to the copper sulfate, but exhibits bactericidal effects on most species of bacteria isolated from cow's hooves, at a concentration of 5% or higher.

Table 2 below shows the MIC and MBC of the hoof cleaning solution on Bacteria A (E. coli).

[Table 2]

In Table 2, the concentration of the hoof cleaning solution was set to 5.00%, 2.50%, 1.25%, 0.63%, 0.31%, 0.15% and 0.08%, respectively. The MIC and MBC of the hoof cleaning solution on E. coli were measured to be 1.25% and 5%, respectively, as shown in Table 2.

Similar to results as shown in Bacteria A (E. coli) isolated from cow's hooves, the hoof cleaning solution is also considered to exert sufficient sterilizing effects on E. coli which is commonly and easily isolated from the bottom of the cowshed. Although not shown herein, almost the same results were also obtained for Bacillus.

The followings are photographs showing a bacterial reduction rate by the hoof cleaning solution according to the present invention.

[Photograph 1]

Reduction rate of Bacteria A (E. coli) isolated from cow's hooves

(1) (2) (3)

(1) Before treatment with a hoof cleaning solution

(2) After treatment with 5% hoof cleaning solution

(3) After treatment with 16% hoof cleaning solution

[Photograph 2]

Reduction rate of Bacteria B (Bacillus) isolated from cow's hooves

(1) (2) (3)

(1) Before treatment with hoof cleaning solution (2) After treatment with 5% hoof cleaning solution

(3) After treatment with 16% hoof cleaning solution

In order to verify cleaning and bactericidal effects of the hoof cleaning solution under test conditions similar to in situ application thereof, a sterile cotton swab was inoculated with bacteria and was dipped in the hoof cleaning solution, and a bacterial reduction rate was determined. The thus-obtained results are shown in Photographs 1 and 2.

In order to examine changes of bacterial number by confirmation of colony forming units (CFU) on a plate medium, the plate medium after completion of cell culture was photographed and cell count was made by marking CFU with a red pen.

The cotton swab test results of the hoof cleaning solution are given in Table 3 below. Table 3

A reduction in bacterial number exhibited a high rate of 95% or higher at the MBC concentration as well as at an in situ application concentration of the hoof cleaning agent for the hoof cleaning solution. That is, it was confirmed that the hoof cleaning solution containing the hoof cleaning agent in a concentration of 5% to 16% by weight exhibits a significant reduction of bacterial number.

Table 4 below shows the comparison results of bacterial number present in cloven hooves of cows, before and after treatment of animals with tap water, the copper sulfate solution and the hoof cleaning solution of the present invention, respectively.

Table 4

As can be confirmed from the results of Table 4, upon comparing the bacterial number between before and after treatment of animals, it can be seen that cows treated with the hoof cleaning solution of the present invention exhibited a significant reduction of the bacterial number from animal hooves, as compared to treatment of tap water or the copper sulfate solution.

Table 5 below shows an incidence rate of hoof disorders in dairy cows which were raised in common cowshed.

[Table 51

The study was carried out from May to July 2005, and the number (head) of cows studied was based on dairy cows. The study was conducted on dairy cows in 4 places. The study results have confirmed that a low walking behavior index (a value of 1 is normal) exhibited a relatively-higher incidence rate of less severe hoof disorders.

Table 6 below shows a recovery rate of cows from a walking behavior index of 2-3 to a normal level (a value of 1), after treatment of animals with the copper sulfate solution and the hoof cleaning solution of the present invention, respectively.

TTable 6]

The study was carried out from May to July 2005, and the first period was 30-day duration from the initial day of the study and the second period was 60-day duration from the initial day of the study. As the copper sulfate solution and the hoof cleaning solution used in this study, copper sulfate and the hoof cleaning agent were respectively diluted to a concentration of 16% by weight. The copper sulfate solution and the hoof cleaning solution were replaced every 7 days. The tests were performed in 4 places (4 different cowsheds).

Table 7 below shows a recovery rate of cows from a walking behavior index of 4-5 to a normal level (a value of 1), after treatment of animals with the copper sulfate solution and the hoof cleaning solution of the present invention, respectively.

[Table 7]

The study was carried out from May to July 2005, and the first period was 30-day duration from the initial day of the study and the second period was 60-day duration from the initial day of the study.

As the copper sulfate solution and the hoof cleaning solution used in this study, copper sulfate and the hoof cleaning agent were respectively diluted to a concentration of 16% by weight. The copper sulfate solution and the hoof cleaning solution were replaced every 7 days.

The tests were performed in 4 places (4 different cowsheds).

Table 8 below shows an incidence rate of hoof disorders in dairy cows during application of the hoof cleaning solution.

[Table 8]

Number (Head) of Incidence of hoof disorders cows studied Number (Head) Incidence rate (%)

Copper sulfate 65 1 1.5 solution

Hoof cleaning 193 2 1.0 solution

Herein, the study using the hoof cleaning solution of the present invention was carried out from May to July 2005, and the study using the copper sulfate solution was carried out from August to November 2005.

The number (head) of cows studied was selected based on dairy cows. Although a few embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

[CLAIMS]

[Claim 1 ] A hoof cleaning agent for prevention of cow's hoof disorders, comprising a wash liquid prepared by mixing a solid mixture of tartaric acid, citric acid, zinc sulfate, sodium molybdate and potassium nitrate with water, in order to remove foreign materials from cow's hooves, and a sodium hypochlorite for sterilizing harmful bacteria of cow's hooves from which foreign materials were removed.

[Claim 2] A hoof cleaning agent for prevention of cow's hoof disorders prepared by: mixing solids of 15 to 25% by weight of tartaric acid, 15 to 25% by weight of citric acid, 15 to 25% by weight of zinc sulfate, 15 to 25% by weight of sodium molybdate and 15 to 25 % by weight of potassium nitrate; mixing and liquefying 50% by weight of the mixture and 50% by weight of water to prepare a wash liquid; and mixing 50% by weight of the wash liquid and 50% by weight of sodium hypochlorite.

[Claim 3] Use of a hoof cleaning agent of Claim 2 as a hoof cleaning solution of a hoof bath for cow's hooves, wherein the hoof cleaning agent is diluted with water, and a concentration of the hoof cleaning agent in the hoof cleaning solution is in the range of 5 to 16% by weight. [Claim 4] A method of preparing a hoof cleaning agent for prevention of cow's hoof disorders, comprising: mixing solids of 15 to 25% by weight of tartaric acid, 15 to 25% by weight of citric acid, 15 to 25% by weight of zinc sulfate, 15 to 25% by weight of sodium molybdate and 15 to 25% by weight of potassium nitrate; mixing and liquefying 50% by weight of the mixture and 50% by weight of water to prepare a wash liquid; providing a stock solution of sodium hypochlorite; and mixing 50% by weight of the wash liquid and 50% by weight of the sodium hypochlorite stock solution.