WO2006009112A1 - 水性点眼剤 - Google Patents
水性点眼剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006009112A1 WO2006009112A1 PCT/JP2005/013157 JP2005013157W WO2006009112A1 WO 2006009112 A1 WO2006009112 A1 WO 2006009112A1 JP 2005013157 W JP2005013157 W JP 2005013157W WO 2006009112 A1 WO2006009112 A1 WO 2006009112A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- eye drop
- eye
- oil
- lecithin
- aqueous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0048—Eye, e.g. artificial tears
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/66—Phosphorus compounds
- A61K31/683—Diesters of a phosphorus acid with two hydroxy compounds, e.g. phosphatidylinositols
- A61K31/685—Diesters of a phosphorus acid with two hydroxy compounds, e.g. phosphatidylinositols one of the hydroxy compounds having nitrogen atoms, e.g. phosphatidylserine, lecithin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/107—Emulsions ; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
- A61P27/04—Artificial tears; Irrigation solutions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an aqueous eye drop, and more particularly to an aqueous eye drop effective for the prevention or treatment of dry eye associated with increased evaporation of tears.
- dry eye is a state in which the cornea or conjunctiva on the surface of the eye has been damaged due to a decrease in the amount of tears secreted or a qualitative change in tears.
- Tear fluid is composed of three layers: an oil layer, an aqueous layer, and a mucin layer, and the failure of the three-layer structure of tears causes dry eye.
- Commonly used eye drops for dry eye are artificial tears mainly composed of sodium ions and strength thrombium ions for the purpose of replenishing the water layer, chondroitin sulfate sodium and hyaluronic acid.
- these eye drops are effective in preventing or treating tear-reducing dry eye caused by decreased secretion of water or mucin secretion, but are caused by damage to the oil layer.
- an aqueous eye drop in which an oil is dissolved using a surfactant is known.
- oils such as riboflavin butyrate and castor oil, which have high lipid solubility and are insoluble in water, are treated with polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene.
- a surfactant such as ethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymers
- lecithin is a component that is originally present in tear fluid and is safe, and thus an eye drop in which oil is emulsified using lecithin has been known (see Patent Documents 6 and 7).
- Patent Document 8 it is known that aqueous oil-in-water emulsions containing specific phospholipids and nonpolar oils are effective for dry eyes (see Patent Document 8). While casting, castor oil with lecithin Emulsified and provided an aqueous eye drop effective for the prevention or treatment of dry eye.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-218760
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-159659
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-2-83323
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11 29483
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-273061
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-106018
- Patent Document 7 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-270521
- Patent Document 8 JP-A-4-279525
- An object of the present invention is to prevent or treat dry eye, which can uniformly disperse castor oil on the ocular surface, has a stable presence of oil in the eye drop, and has low irritation. It is to provide an effective aqueous eye drop.
- an aqueous eye drop formulated with castor oil and lecithin can stably retain the oil content in the eye drop, and immediately after the eye drop. It has been found that the oil component is separated and the oil component can be efficiently dispersed on the ocular surface, thereby significantly suppressing the transpiration of water from the ocular surface.
- An embodiment of the present invention completed on the basis of strong knowledge is an aqueous eye drop for preventing or treating dry eye characterized by containing castor oil and lecithin.
- the aspect of the present invention is a method for preventing or treating dry eye using an aqueous eye drop containing castor oil and lecithin, or an aqueous eye drop for preventing or treating dry eye.
- dry eye associated with increased evaporation of tears and fatigue of the eyes, which are the symptoms of the dry eye. It is effective in preventing or treating blurred vision, itchy eyes, itching of the eyes, conjunctival hyperemia, and discomfort when wearing contact lenses, and the oil is stably retained in the eye drops and is safe for the eyes. It became possible to provide a high aqueous eye drop.
- FIG. 1 is a photograph showing a tear film in normal eyes.
- FIG. 2 is a photograph showing a tear film when the eye drop prepared in Example 2 is instilled.
- FIG. 3 A photograph showing the tear film after the tears in the eye surface and conjunctival sac are completely wiped off with filter paper.
- the present invention is unique to the combination of castor oil and lecithin. If other vegetable oils or low molecular weight oil-soluble components are used as the oil, the oil cannot be efficiently dispersed on the ocular surface. This is because castor oil is a polar oil containing 80% or more of a monovalent unsaturated fatty acid called ricinoleic acid having a hydroxyl group, and its molecular weight is as high as 900 or more, so it is efficiently applied to the interface between the tear fluid layer and the tear fluid layer. This is because it is thought that it accumulates and disperses on the surface of the eye, thereby suppressing water evaporation from the surface of the eye.
- castor oil is a polar oil containing 80% or more of a monovalent unsaturated fatty acid called ricinoleic acid having a hydroxyl group, and its molecular weight is as high as 900 or more, so it is efficiently applied to the interface between the tear fluid layer and the tear fluid layer. This is because it is thought
- the compounding (contained) amount of castor oil is 0.001% by mass to 10% by mass in the eye drop, and 0.01% by mass to 1% by mass is preferable. If it exceeds 10% by mass, it may cause stickiness, blurred vision, or irritation, and if it is less than 0.001% by mass, sufficient suppression of water evaporation on the surface of the eye cannot be obtained. .
- lecithin examples include lecithin derived from natural products obtained from diacyl ester-type glycemic phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidic acid, and animals and plants such as soybeans and egg yolk, or hydrogens thereof. Additives can be mentioned. Hydrogenated lecithin is preferred because of its excellent acid stability. Hydrogenated soybean lecithin is more preferred. These lecithins can only be used with one species
- Two or more types can be used in combination.
- the amount of lecithin (containing) is 0.001 part by mass or more with respect to 1 part by mass of castor oil, 0.001 to 10 parts by mass being preferred, and 0.01 to 1 part by mass being preferred. More preferred.
- the aqueous eye drop of the present invention is preferably an OZW type emulsion.
- castor oil is emulsified with lecithin and is present in the aqueous eye drop as fine oil droplets. It is an eye drop that forms
- the aqueous eye drop of the present invention is preferably isotonic to relieve irritation during eye drops, and an osmotic pressure regulator may be blended.
- the osmotic pressure adjusting agent include polyhydric alcohols or sugars.
- examples of the polyhydric alcohol include glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol, trenorose, xylitol, propylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol. Glucose is mentioned as sugar. These polyhydric alcohols and sugars can be used in combination of two or more, just by using one.
- the amount (inclusive) of the polyhydric alcohol or sugar is 0.01 to 4% by mass in the eye drop, and the osmotic pressure of the eye drop is 228 to 458 mOsm considering eye irritation. It is preferable to blend in.
- the aqueous eye drop of the present invention contains various additives such as a stabilizer, an antioxidant, a chelating agent, a pH adjuster, and a thickener as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. can do.
- a stabilizer such as sodium ion or potassium ion
- the total amount of the electrolyte must be 30 mmolZL or less in the eye drop. If the amount exceeds this, the stability of the emulsion cannot be maintained in the eye drop, and the oils will coalesce or aggregate.
- the average particle diameter of the emulsion in the eye drop is preferably 200 nm or less in order to ensure the transparency of the eye drop.
- the particle diameter can be measured using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus or the like.
- the aqueous eye drop of the present invention uses a surfactant such as polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymers, and the like.
- a surfactant such as polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymers, and the like.
- castor oil is emulsified with lecithin to form emulsion, and is stably present in the eye drop, but when it comes into contact with tears in the conjunctival sac,
- the formulation is designed so that it reacts with a large amount of electrolytes and proteins present in it, and the emulsion structure collapses.As a result, the oil in the emulsion coalesces or aggregates and disperses efficiently in the tear oil layer. It is a thing.
- the aqueous eye drop of the present invention is prepared by the following method. Hydrogenated soybean lecithin is heated and dissolved in an aqueous solution containing purified water in a polyhydric alcohol such as glycerin to obtain an aqueous phase. Castor oil, which is an oil component, is added to this aqueous phase, and a pre-emulsion obtained using a general stirrer is subjected to a high-pressure emulsification method using a high-pressure homogenizer, an ultrasonic emulsification method using an ultrasonic homogenizer, or a high-speed homogenizer. High energy emulsification is performed by high-speed concentrated shearing emulsification method to obtain fine emulsion.
- This fine emulsion can be diluted with purified water and then sterilized by filtration to give a sterile eye drop. Furthermore, by filling the unit dose, it is possible to provide an eye drop that is stable and safe for a long period of time without the addition of an antiseptic that is undesirable for dry eye patients.
- Glycerin Japanese Pharmacopoeia compatible product 58. 2 g of purified water 19. Og was added and homogenized, then heated to 70 ° C and stirred with hydrogenated soybean soy lecithin (Resinol S-10M (trade name) 2. 2 g was added and dispersed. While heating at 70 ° C., 20 g of castor oil (Japanese Pharmacopoeia compatible product) was added and stirred with a homogenizer (Hiscotron (trade name), manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) to obtain a preliminary emulsion.
- a homogenizer Hiscotron (trade name), manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.
- This emulsion was emulsified at a pressure of lOOMPa using a high-pressure homogenizer (Minilab 830H (trade name), manufactured by Runny) to prepare a fine emulsion.
- the average particle size of the emulsion was measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer (HORIBA LA-920 (trade name)) and found to be 124 nm.
- Example 1 After diluting the emulsion prepared in Production Example 1 200 times with purified water, add an appropriate amount of glycerin to adjust the osmotic pressure, sterilize by filtration, and prepare a total amount of aseptic eyedrops of lOOmL. Filled in todos. At this time, the osmotic pressure was 286 mOsm and the average particle size was 124 nm.
- the emulsion prepared in Production Example 1 was diluted 20 times with purified water, and then sterilized by filtration. A total amount of aseptic ophthalmic solution (10 mL) was prepared and filled in a unit dose. The osmotic pressure at this time was 304 mOsm, and the average particle size was 124 nm.
- Example 8 After diluting the emulsion prepared in Production Example 1 200 times with purified water, add sorbitol to adjust the osmotic pressure, sterilize by filtration, prepare a total amount of aseptic eyedrops lOOmL, and fill the unit dose. did. At this time, the osmotic pressure was 286 mOsm and the average particle size was 124 nm. [0035] Example 8
- the osmotic pressure was 286 mOsm, and the average particle size was 124 nm.
- glycerin was added to adjust the osmotic pressure, sterilization by filtration was carried out, and a total amount of aseptic ophthalmic solution of lOOmL was prepared and filled in a unit dose.
- the osmotic pressure at this time was 286 mOsm.
- taurine 1 The calorie was added so that 0% by mass, 0.3% by mass of sodium chloride and 0.06% by mass of potassium chloride were added. After adding appropriate amounts of glycerin and a pH adjuster (sodium hydroxide), the solution was sterilized by filtration to prepare a total amount of sterile eye drops of 10 mL and filled in a unit dose. The osmotic pressure at this time was 286 mOsm, pH 7.4.
- the amount of water transpiration from the ocular surface was measured using TEWAMETER TM300 (COURAGE + KHAZ AKA electronic GmbH). After fixing a male Japanese white rabbit (Kitayama Labes) weighing approximately 2.5 kg with an Oshida-type fixator, inoculate 50% L of Benokiseal 0.4 mass% ophthalmic solution (trade name, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and ocular surface anesthesia was given. After 5 minutes, the tears in the ocular surface and conjunctival sac are completely wiped off using filter paper, and 50 L of the instillation sample is applied. After 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, and 30 minutes The amount of water transpiration was measured. The amount of moisture evaporation was calculated from the following formula using the value immediately before instillation as 100%. The number of cases in each group was 6. The results are shown in Table 3.
- the aqueous eye drops prepared by casting castor oil with lecithin rapidly disperse on the surface of the eye due to the unstable emulsion structure on the surface of the eye. It has become clear that even a small amount of oil can effectively suppress moisture evaporation.
- Example 2 To 10 mL of the artificial tears, 10 mL of the aqueous eye drop prepared in Example 2 was added, stored at 37 ° C, and the particle size was measured. The particle size of the eye drop of Example 2 before addition was 124 nm, whereas the particle size after 5 minutes at 37 ° C was 350 nm, showing a rapid increase, and the emulsion became unstable. It was. The ion concentration at this time was 78.5 mmol / L.
- the emulsion ophthalmic solution according to the present invention is unstable in artificial tears mainly composed of sodium ions, potassium ions, etc., which are close to physiological conditions, but the ion concentration is 30 mmolZL or less.
- the present aqueous eye drop was stable. That is, the aqueous ophthalmic solution according to the present invention has an unstable emulsion structure in tears after instillation, and efficiently disperses the oil in the ophthalmic solution on the surface of the eye, whereas it is stable in the ophthalmic solution before instillation. It became clear that the emulsion structure was maintained.
- Test Example 4 Evaluation of the tear oil layer by the tear speckle measurement method
- a dry eye observation apparatus DR-1 (manufactured by Kowa Co., Ltd.) was used for the observation of tear fluid dynamics.
- DR-1 is a device that irradiates the cornea with white light and measures the reflected light with a video camera.
- the tear film has a three-layer structure of a mucus layer, an aqueous layer and an oil layer from the corneal surface.
- This device measures the interference image of the light reflected from the oil layer surface and the oil layer back surface (boundary surface with the water layer). That is, the interference image obtained by this apparatus shows the state of the tear fluid layer.
- the interference image obtained by this apparatus is observed to be uniform gray or white in normal eyes, and in dry eye, the oil layer is not uniform, so an image in which red and blue colors are mixed is observed. In more severe dry eyes, there is no oil layer, so the interference image disappears and the cornea Exposed state (this is the same (see “Atarashi ⁇ B”, 14 (11), 1605-1612, 1997, Am. J. Op hthalmol., 122, 818-824, 1996)).
- a male Japanese white rabbit weighing approximately 2.5 kg was fixed with an Oshida type fixator, then 50 drops of 0.4% by weight of Benokiseal ophthalmic solution was applied, and ocular surface anesthesia was performed. After 5 minutes, the tears in the ocular surface and conjunctival sac were completely wiped off using filter paper, and the eye drop prepared in Example 2 was instilled with 50 L, and 5 minutes later, the state of the tear fluid layer was observed. The tear oil layer in normal eyes was observed before ocular surface anesthesia.
- the present aqueous ophthalmic solution spreads to the tear fluid layer after instillation, maintains the oil layer in a uniform state, and suppresses the amount of transpiration from the eye surface as shown in Test Example 2, It was found to be effective in improving dry eye symptoms.
- the present invention suggests the development of an aqueous eye drop effective for the prevention or treatment of dry eye associated with increased tear evaporation.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006529183A JP5272307B2 (ja) | 2004-07-16 | 2005-07-15 | 水性点眼剤 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004209995 | 2004-07-16 | ||
| JP2004-209995 | 2004-07-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2006009112A1 true WO2006009112A1 (ja) | 2006-01-26 |
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ID=35785223
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2005/013157 Ceased WO2006009112A1 (ja) | 2004-07-16 | 2005-07-15 | 水性点眼剤 |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5272307B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006009112A1 (ja) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008074885A3 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-10-09 | Novagali Pharma Sa | Process for manufacturing ophthalmic oil-in-water emulsions |
| JP2008273959A (ja) * | 2007-04-04 | 2008-11-13 | Taisho Pharmaceutical Co Ltd | 点眼剤 |
| WO2010064636A1 (ja) * | 2008-12-02 | 2010-06-10 | ロート製薬株式会社 | 眼科用組成物 |
| JP2014028865A (ja) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-13 | Santen Sas | 眼科用水中油型乳剤を製造する方法 |
| CN107614018A (zh) * | 2015-05-28 | 2018-01-19 | 乐敦制药株式会社 | 水性眼科组合物 |
| KR20180081597A (ko) | 2015-12-22 | 2018-07-16 | 니치유 가부시키가이샤 | 누액 유층 안정화제 및 이것을 함유하는 점안제 |
| EP3500344A4 (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2020-08-05 | Akrivista, LLC | METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF DRY EYE SYNDROME AND COMPOSITIONS FOR TREATMENT OF A HUMAN EYE |
| JP2022506684A (ja) * | 2018-11-05 | 2022-01-17 | ウォーターフォード・インスティテュート・オブ・テクノロジー | 人工涙液 |
| RU2772357C2 (ru) * | 2011-12-07 | 2022-05-19 | Аллерган, Инк. | Состав для эффективной доставки липидов в слезную пленку человека с использованием чувствительной к соли эмульсионной системы |
| US11622982B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2023-04-11 | Akrivista Llc | Methods of diagnosing and treating dry eye syndrome and compositions for treating a human eye |
| WO2025040605A1 (de) * | 2023-08-23 | 2025-02-27 | Ursapharm Arzneimittel Gmbh | Ophthalmologische zusammensetzung enthaltend mindestens einen nikotinischen acetylcholinrezeptor-modulator zur topischen applikation am auge bei der prävention oder behandlung von entzündungen am auge |
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| JPH08508975A (ja) * | 1992-11-27 | 1996-09-24 | ファーモス コーポレーション | 眼科薬送達ビヒクルとしてのサブミクロン乳剤 |
| JP2000336030A (ja) * | 1999-03-24 | 2000-12-05 | Taisho Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 点眼液 |
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| WO2003053405A1 (en) * | 2001-11-01 | 2003-07-03 | Yissum Research Development Company Of The Hebrew University Of Jerusalem | Method and composition for dry eye treatment |
| JP2003528906A (ja) * | 2000-04-04 | 2003-09-30 | ボシュ・アンド・ロム・インコーポレイテッド | ドライアイを処置するための方法 |
| WO2005002539A1 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2005-01-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleansing article having an extruded low density foam layer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP0459148B1 (en) * | 1990-05-29 | 1996-01-03 | Ocular Research Of Boston Inc. | Dry eye treatment composition |
-
2005
- 2005-07-15 JP JP2006529183A patent/JP5272307B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-07-15 WO PCT/JP2005/013157 patent/WO2006009112A1/ja not_active Ceased
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| JPH08508975A (ja) * | 1992-11-27 | 1996-09-24 | ファーモス コーポレーション | 眼科薬送達ビヒクルとしてのサブミクロン乳剤 |
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| WO2005002539A1 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2005-01-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleansing article having an extruded low density foam layer |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011506266A (ja) * | 2006-12-21 | 2011-03-03 | ノバガリ・フアルマ・エス・エイ | 眼科用水中油型乳剤を製造する方法 |
| US9364461B2 (en) | 2006-12-21 | 2016-06-14 | Santen Sas | Process for manufacturing ophthalmic oil-in-water emulsions |
| WO2008074885A3 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-10-09 | Novagali Pharma Sa | Process for manufacturing ophthalmic oil-in-water emulsions |
| JP2008273959A (ja) * | 2007-04-04 | 2008-11-13 | Taisho Pharmaceutical Co Ltd | 点眼剤 |
| WO2010064636A1 (ja) * | 2008-12-02 | 2010-06-10 | ロート製薬株式会社 | 眼科用組成物 |
| JP5670200B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-02 | 2015-02-18 | ロート製薬株式会社 | 眼科用組成物 |
| RU2772357C2 (ru) * | 2011-12-07 | 2022-05-19 | Аллерган, Инк. | Состав для эффективной доставки липидов в слезную пленку человека с использованием чувствительной к соли эмульсионной системы |
| JP2014028865A (ja) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-13 | Santen Sas | 眼科用水中油型乳剤を製造する方法 |
| CN107614018A (zh) * | 2015-05-28 | 2018-01-19 | 乐敦制药株式会社 | 水性眼科组合物 |
| KR20180081597A (ko) | 2015-12-22 | 2018-07-16 | 니치유 가부시키가이샤 | 누액 유층 안정화제 및 이것을 함유하는 점안제 |
| EP3500344A4 (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2020-08-05 | Akrivista, LLC | METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF DRY EYE SYNDROME AND COMPOSITIONS FOR TREATMENT OF A HUMAN EYE |
| US11903986B2 (en) | 2016-08-19 | 2024-02-20 | Akrivista Llc | Methods of diagnosing and treating dry eye syndrome and compositions for treating a human eye |
| US11622982B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2023-04-11 | Akrivista Llc | Methods of diagnosing and treating dry eye syndrome and compositions for treating a human eye |
| US12220439B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2025-02-11 | Akrivista Llc | Methods of diagnosing and treating dry eye syndrome and compositions for treating a human eye |
| JP2022506684A (ja) * | 2018-11-05 | 2022-01-17 | ウォーターフォード・インスティテュート・オブ・テクノロジー | 人工涙液 |
| WO2025040605A1 (de) * | 2023-08-23 | 2025-02-27 | Ursapharm Arzneimittel Gmbh | Ophthalmologische zusammensetzung enthaltend mindestens einen nikotinischen acetylcholinrezeptor-modulator zur topischen applikation am auge bei der prävention oder behandlung von entzündungen am auge |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2006009112A1 (ja) | 2008-05-01 |
| JP5272307B2 (ja) | 2013-08-28 |
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