WO2003044209A1 - Novel tetronic acid derivative - Google Patents
Novel tetronic acid derivative Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003044209A1 WO2003044209A1 PCT/JP2002/012237 JP0212237W WO03044209A1 WO 2003044209 A1 WO2003044209 A1 WO 2003044209A1 JP 0212237 W JP0212237 W JP 0212237W WO 03044209 A1 WO03044209 A1 WO 03044209A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H17/00—Compounds containing heterocyclic radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H17/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only oxygen as ring hetero atoms
- C07H17/08—Hetero rings containing eight or more ring members, e.g. erythromycins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/7048—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/205—Bacterial isolates
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/44—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides
- C12P19/60—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides having an oxygen of the saccharide radical directly bound to a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring or a condensed ring system containing a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring, e.g. coumermycin, novobiocin
- C12P19/62—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides having an oxygen of the saccharide radical directly bound to a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring or a condensed ring system containing a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring, e.g. coumermycin, novobiocin the hetero ring having eight or more ring members and only oxygen as ring hetero atoms, e.g. erythromycin, spiramycin, nystatin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
- C12R2001/465—Streptomyces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel tetronic acid derivative, and particularly to a tetronic acid derivative derived from actinomycetes.
- the endoplasmic reticulum is an organ where protein synthesis is performed, and is an organelle that folds the produced protein, modifies the sugar chain, and transports the protein.
- endoplasmic reticulum stress is induced by disruption of physiological balance or external factors such as protein folding, sugar chain modification, and protein transport normally performed in the endoplasmic reticulum.
- drugs such as tunicamycin ⁇ brefeldin A induce ER stress.
- Sinicamycin inhibits glycosylation of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum, causing unfolding protein to accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum.
- Such accumulation of unfolded proteins causes ER stress.
- Brefeldin A inhibits protein transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus, thereby accumulating proteins and inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress.
- the ER In response to these ER stresses, the ER has a stress response mechanism.
- Ire a stress sensor, is known to recognize unfolded proteins, induce the expression of molecular chaperones such as GRP78, and promote protein folding.
- GRP78 molecular chaperones
- GRP78 molecular chaperones
- PS1 preselinin-1
- ER endoplasmic reticulum
- regulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress response mechanism by molecular chaperones such as GRP78 expression is important for treating diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and improving sensitivity to anticancer drugs. Further, such a substance capable of regulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress response mechanism is useful for the development of a therapeutic drug for Alzheimer's disease or an anticancer drug. Disclosure of the invention
- an object of the present invention is to provide a substance capable of regulating an endoplasmic reticulum stress response mechanism and a method for producing the same.
- the present inventors have tried to search for a substance capable of regulating the expression of GRP78 from natural materials using the expression of GRP78, one of molecular chaperones, as an index.
- an expression vector holding a cassette in which a luciferase gene was linked as a repo overnight gene was introduced into cells downstream of the GRP78 promoter, and the cells were used for screening for the compound.
- the cells were contacted with various crude drugs, fungi, actinomycetes and other metabolites, and further administered with tunicamycin to induce ER stress.
- GRP78 was increased due to the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress by the administration of tunicamycin, but the increased expression was suppressed in the group to which a metabolite derived from a certain actinomycete Streptomyces strain was added. Purification of the active substance from this metabolite using the activity that can suppress the expression of GRP78 despite the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress as an index resulted in the isolation and identification of a novel tetronic acid derivative, versipelostatin (also known as JL68). Was successful. Also Strain producing this active substance could also be identified.
- the present invention provides this novel tetronic acid derivative versipelostatin, a method for producing the same, and a microorganism that produces the compound. Specifically, the present invention provides:
- a versipelostatin compound represented by
- composition comprising the compound according to (1) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
- An anticancer agent comprising the compound according to (1) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
- the anticancer agent according to (7) which induces cell death on cancer cells in a physiological stress state.
- VST novel tetronic acid derivative vers ipelos tat in
- the novel tetronic acid derivative vers ipelos tat in (hereinafter abbreviated as VST) of the present invention has a structure represented by the above formula (I), and has physicochemical properties shown in Examples described later.
- the VST compound of the present invention also includes salts, solvates and the like.
- VST salts include alkali metal salts (sodium salt, potassium salt, lithium salt, etc.), alkaline earth metal salts (calcium salt, magnesium salt, etc.), metal salts (aluminum salt, iron salt, zinc salt, copper salt) Salts, nickel salts, etc.), inorganic salts (acetates, ammonium salts), organic amine salts (dibenzylamine salts, dalcosamine salts, ethylenediamine salts, getylamine salts, triethylamine salts, dicyclohexylamine salts, jetanolamine salts, tetramethyl salts) Ammonium salts) and amino acid salts (glycine salts, lysine salts, arginine salts, orditin salts, asparagine salts, etc.).
- VST has a hydroxyl group in the molecule as shown in the above formula (I), and can be converted into derivatives of various ethers, esters and the like at those functional groups. These derivatives are included in the present invention as long as they retain VST biological activity.
- the above-mentioned VST can be obtained by culturing the producing microorganism and collecting it from the culture.
- the actinomycete Streptomyces' Vaciaris 4083-SVS6 strain can be preferably used.
- S. cerevisiae var. 4083—SVS6 strain was isolated from a soil sample collected in Miyoshi City, Hiroshima Prefecture by the present inventors. This strain has been identified according to the method of the International Streptomyces' Project (ISP) and has the following somatic characteristics: It is on the street.
- ISP International Streptomyces' Project
- This strain does not disrupt the basal hypha.
- These aerial hyphae form a long main axis, and form a spiral spore chain of 10 to 50 or more at the irregularly branched tip.
- the spores are 0.3-0.5 m wide and 0.7-1.0 m long, non-motile, cylindrical or elliptical, with a smooth spore surface. Black moistening of the spore surface is observed on glycerin-asparagine agar, inorganic salt starch agar, yeast malt agar, oatmeal agar, and the like. Sclerotia, sporangia, and other special forms are not observed.
- the cell wall chemical type was type (I) having LL-diaminodimeric acid, and the GC content of DNA was 71.3 mol%.
- Table 1 shows the culture characteristics of this strain when cultured on various culture media for 28 days.
- the flora color was a gray series on the colony surface, a hygroscopic mass was observed on the spore surface after 2 weeks.
- the color of the reverse side is a pale yellow to unsharp color such as dark brownish gray, and does not change with pH. No diffusible pigment was observed except for the production of melanin-like pigment.
- the color tones are based on the Container Harmony Manual (1958 edition) of Container Corporation of America, Inc. (The Color Harmony Manual). Was.
- This strain is mesophilic and produces melanin-like pigments.
- This strain is a strain that belongs to the genus Streptomyces (trep tomyces) due to its spirally linked spore form and cell wall chemical type (I). Based on the above properties, a search was made for Streptomyces species listed in the “List of Approved Bacteria Names, 1980” and the list of valid names thereafter, and Streptomyces bacillus as a closely related species was searched. Elected. Table 3 shows a comparison between this strain and this closely related species.
- Streptomyces bacillus 4083-SVS6 strain was described as the VST-producing microorganism, but the VST-producing microorganism of the present invention is not limited to this.
- the characteristics of the above-mentioned cells are generally easily mutated and are not constant. The nature of the cells changes naturally, or physical mutagenesis such as X-ray irradiation, scientific mutagenesis such as ethyl methyl sulfonate, or cell engineering mutations such as genetic manipulation It is a well-known fact that it can be modified artificially by means of introduction.
- the VST-producing microorganism of the present invention is included in the present invention, even if it is a natural mutant or an artificial mutant of the above strain belonging to the genus Streptomyces produced by VST, as long as it can produce VST.
- a conventional method for culturing actinomycetes (Shinya, K. et al., I. Antibiot. 48: 574-578 (1995)) can be used.
- a nutrient medium containing a carbon source and a nitrogen source that can be assimilated by microorganisms, and optionally an inorganic salt, an organic nutrient source, and the like can be used as the medium.
- the above carbon sources include glucose, ara pinose, xylose, fructose, sucrose, rhamnose, and rafinoin.
- Nitrogen sources include peptone, meat extract, yeast extract, dried yeast, skim milk, soy flour, corn steep liquor, cottonseed flour, casein hydrolyzate, soy protein hydrolyzate, amino acids, urea, etc.
- Examples include organic nitrogen sources, inorganic nitrogen compounds such as nitrates and ammonium salts, and the like.
- the above-mentioned carbon source and nitrogen source can be added to the medium alone or in combination.
- the medium may contain inorganic salts such as sodium salts, potassium salts, ammonium salts, calcium salts, phosphates, sulfates, and carbonates, and cobalt and manganese.
- Trace metals such as iron, magnesium, etc., trace nutrients capable of promoting the growth of VST-producing strains and VST production, growth promoting substances, precursors, etc. may be added as appropriate.
- the pH of the medium PH is preferably around neutral, specifically pH 7.0 to 7.6.
- an antifoaming agent such as a vegetable oil or a surfactant may be appropriately added to suppress foaming during culturing.
- the cultivation of the VST-producing bacterium is preferably carried out by aerobic culturing such as shaking or aeration-agitation culturing as in the usual culturing of actinomyces.
- the culturing temperature is preferably 24 to 30 ° C, and more preferably 27.
- the cultivation time can be usually 2 to 3 days for preculture and 4 to 6 days for main culture.
- the culture conditions such as culture temperature, aeration rate, and culture time can be appropriately adjusted and selected based on the amount of VST produced.
- the above culture conditions and the like can be changed according to the type of VST viable bacteria and the culture environment.
- the culture In order to collect VST from the culture, the culture is centrifuged or filtered to separate the bacterial components, and the supernatant or filtrate is collected. Recovered supernatant or Purification of VST from the filtrate can be performed using the biochemical activity of VST, for example, the GRP78 expression suppression activity shown in Example 1 or the like, or physical properties such as HPLC analysis. . As an example, purification of VST can be performed by the following operation.
- the culture supernatant or filtrate is extracted with a non-hydrophilic organic solvent such as ethyl acetate, and the extract is concentrated under reduced pressure or dehydrated using a dehydrating agent to obtain crude purified VST.
- the crude substance is further purified to a pure product by a known method usually used for purifying fat-soluble substances, for example, adsorption column chromatography using a carrier such as silica gel, and HPLC using Senshu Pak (Senshu Ikagaku). be able to.
- the above purification method is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this method. Therefore, other purification means usually used by those skilled in the art, for example, adsorption column chromatography using another adsorption carrier, gel filtration using a resin for gel filtration, column chromatography, anion exchange or It is also possible to use ion exchange chromatography using a cation exchange resin. These purification means may be used alone or in appropriate combination to separate and purify VST.
- the VST purified above may be used as a pharmaceutical composition, or may be used as an intermediate for producing a further compound.
- the dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition containing VST is not particularly limited, and can be formulated into, for example, tablets, capsules, granules, powders, syrups, and injections. In these formulations, excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, flavoring agents, solubilizing agents, suspending agents, coating agents, and other auxiliary agents are added as long as they do not inhibit VST activity.
- Such a composition can be an effective composition for treating cancer, Alzheimer's disease, etc., but is preferably used as an anticancer agent.
- the anticancer agent according to the present invention is preferably an anticancer agent that induces cell death of cancer cells under physiological stress.
- the physiological stress state include a hypotrophic state and a hypoxic state, but are not limited thereto.
- the undernutrition state include a glucose-starved state, a low mineral, a low lipid, and a low vitamin, and a glucose-starved state is preferable.
- the anticancer agent of the present invention directly exhibits an anticancer effect on cancer cells.
- the anticancer agent can exert a stronger anticancer effect when used in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents or radiation therapy.
- the anticancer agent of the present invention is an effective anticancer agent for solid tumors.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of VST measured in methanol.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of VST measured in methanol NaOH.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an ultraviolet absorption spectrum of VST measured in methanol-HC1.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an infrared absorption spectrum of VST measured by a bromide lithium tablet method.
- wavelength number 1 is 3454 cm—2 is 2934 cm— 1 and 3 is 2360 cm ” 1
- 4 is 1758 cm” 1 and 5 is 171 1 cm— 1 and 6 is 1623 cm ” 1 and 7 are 1575 cm - 8 1457 cm one 1, 9 1381 cm one 1, 10 1308 cm "1, 1 1 the 1208 cm- 1, 12 is 1062 cm- 13 is 9 89 cm- 1, 14 is 934 cm" 1
- 15 indicates 867 ci " 1
- 16 indicates 830 cm” 1 and 17 indicates 730 cm- 1 signal.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a VST nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a 13 C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of VST.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of measuring the inhibitory activity of VST on GRP78 expression.
- the black symbol indicates the group in which GRP78 expression was induced by adding intracellular endoplasmic reticulum stress by adding VST at different concentrations and then adding tunicamycin.
- Open symbols indicate the group to which only VST at a different concentration was added and no tunicamycin was added.
- FIG. 8 shows the results of direct cytotoxicity measurements based on the cell viability when various concentrations of VST were added to various cells. Each symbol corresponds to the cell shown on the right side of the figure.
- FIG. 9 is a photograph showing the activity of VST to suppress the expression of endogenous GRP78 induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress in HeLa78C6 cells.
- A shows the dose dependence
- B shows the evening course
- C shows the examination for each stress condition.
- FIG. 10 is a photograph showing whether VST inhibits GRP78 expression induced by various endoplasmic reticulum stresses in cancer cells with enhanced endoplasmic reticulum stress response HT-29 and # 080 cells.
- A shows HT-29 cells and B shows HT1080 cells.
- FIG. 11 shows the ability of VST to inhibit colony formation under various ER stress conditions in HT-29 cells.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing induction of apoptosis in HT1080 cells by VST under glucose-starved conditions.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the time course of apoptosis induction by VST in HT1080 cells under glucose-starved conditions.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the combined effect of the antitumor agents cisplatin and VST effective against solid cancer.
- FIG. 15 shows the antitumor effect of VST on HT-29 cancer cells in nude mice at the animal level.
- FIG. 16 is a photograph showing suppression of XBP1 activation which is deeply involved in the induction of GRP78 by VST. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION ''
- test samples were prepared with the respective metabolites of crude drugs, fungi, and actinomycetes. .
- the screening system was prepared as follows. Insert the GRP78 promoter region (-132 to +7) containing three ERSEs into the Kpnl-Bglll site of the multicloning site of the pGL3-basic vector (Promega), and reporter downstream of the GRP78 promoter.
- a vector was constructed in which the luciferase gene was ligated as a gene.
- a pgk-neo cassette (l, 867 bp) (McBurney et al., Nuclear Acid Res.
- GRP luciferase vector 1 The vector constructed here (hereinafter referred to as "GRP luciferase vector 1") was introduced into HeLa cells. Transfection into cells was carried out by the lipofectin method using Transastj (Promega). Cells holding the above GRP luciferase vector (these cells are referred to as “HeLa78C6 cells”). ) was selected using a DMEM medium containing G418 (400 g / ml). The selected cells were cultured in a DMEM medium containing 103 ⁇ 4FCS and 400 ig / ml G418 to prepare a HeLa78C6 cell suspension (1.5 ⁇ 10 5 cells, 7 ml).
- a medium for preculture (containing 10 g starch, 10 g polypeptone, 10 g molasses and 10 g meat extract, adjusted to pH 2 per liter) was prepared and sterilized. The sterilized medium (15 mL) was dispensed into a 50-ml test tube, and this was inoculated aseptically with actinomycetes. After inoculation, the cells were cultured at 27 ° C. for 3 days while shaking the test tube (200 rpm). Next, main culture was performed.
- the medium for main culture (1 liter Starch 25g Soybean meal 15 g, dry yeast 2g and CAC0 3 4g containing, pH 7. 0) was prepared.
- the medium (100 ml) of the main culture was dispensed into a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask with a bump, and the preculture (2 ml) was aseptically added thereto. After the addition, the cells were cultured at 27 ° C. for 5 days while shaking (200 rpm).
- the main culture solution was separated into a culture supernatant and bacterial cells by centrifugation. Using the culture supernatant and the cell product obtained by disrupting the cells, the GRP78 expression inhibitory activity was measured for each fraction by repo overnight analysis in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Each Ueru of 96 ⁇ E Le plate dispensed the cell suspension (I OO L) min, at 37, and 6 h at 5% C0 2. Thereafter, a solution (10 1) containing the culture supernatant (1 ⁇ 1) or the cell product (1 U) was added, and incubation was carried out at 37 for 30 minutes. Thereafter, a twemycin solution was further added to a final concentration of 2 gZml.
- luciferase activity in the cells was measured using a luciferase measurement kit. As a result of the measurement, suppression of luciferase activity was observed in the group to which the actinomycetes culture supernatant was added.
- the actinomycetes 4083-SVS6 strain was cultured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the scale was increased to prepare a main culture solution (2 liters). 'The culture was centrifuged (10,000 n) in, 10 minutes, and the culture supernatant was collected to remove the cells. The collected culture supernatant was extracted with ethanol acetate and then dehydrated with sodium sulfate. The weight of the crude product after dehydration was 2.57 g. The concentrated acetic acid-ethanol extract after dehydration is concentrated and dried, and then dissolved in a solution of chloroform: methanol (20: 1). This solution is supplied to a silica gel column (column capacity: 3.5 ⁇ 30 cm), and the same solvent Chromatography was performed.
- the eluted sample was measured by the reporter analysis described in Example 1 above, and an active eluted fraction (250 mg) was separated. Subsequently, the fractions having the above-mentioned activities were collected, concentrated to dryness, dissolved in methanol, and applied to an HPLC column (Senshu Pak: PEGASIL ODS C18, 20 ⁇ 250 marauder, manufactured by Senshu Ichigaku) at 1 ml / min. Chromatography using 80% MeOH at a flow rate of. The eluate was monitored by ultraviolet and visible light (254 nm), and a peak having a retention time of 28 minutes was collected. The collected eluate was dried to obtain 35.7 mg of a pure VST (also known as JL68) compound.
- VST also known as JL68
- VST The physicochemical properties of VST are shown below.
- Example 4 Quantification of VST activity Using the pure VST purified in Example 3, the activity of suppressing the expression of GRP78 promoter was quantified. This quantification was also measured by the same reporter analysis using the luciferase gene as in Example 1. Specifically, HeLa78C6 cells (5 ⁇ 10 5 cels / ml, 1001) were dispensed into a 96-well plate as in Example 1. On the other hand, a VST solution (100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125, 1.5625 g / ml) diluted step-by-step with a medium was prepared. Diluted to 10% with PBS (-). The solution (101) diluted with PBS was added to a well (100 cell suspension / well).
- VST alone had no effect on luciferase expression from the GRP78 promoter and was comparable to the relative luciferase activity in cells without sample addition, but responded to endoplasmic reticulum stress due to the addition of tanikimycin. Luciferase expression from GRP78 was increased. However, the increase in expression due to the addition of tunicamycin was suppressed as the concentration of VST increased. These results indicate that VST suppresses the up-regulation of GRP78 expression in response to tunicamycin-induced ER stress.
- the above reporter analysis and the survival rate when VST was added were measured using various other cultured cells including HeLa cells.
- HeLa cells human ovarian cancer cells
- MCF-7 human breast cancer cells
- PC12NH rat pheochromocytoma
- MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells
- TIG-3 Human normal fibroblasts
- HeLa786C cannon human ovarian cancer cells
- Saos_2 human cancer cells lacking telomerase and p53
- SUSM-1 human cancer cells lacking telomerase
- the direct growth inhibitory activity of VST on these cells was measured using the MTT method.
- the cell suspension (5 ⁇ 10 4 / ml) of each of the above cells was dispensed into each well of a 96-well plate for 100 ⁇ 1 and cultured at 37 ° C. for 6 hours.
- a VST solution serially diluted in the same manner as in Example 4 was added, and the culture was further performed for 24 hours.
- a 0.05 g / ml MTT solution (101) was added to each well, and incubation was carried out at 37 for 4 hours. Thereafter, the medium was removed, and DMSO (IOOD was added), and the absorbance was measured at 530 nm (FIG. 8).
- the results of determining the IC50 from these measured values are shown in Table 5.
- VST final concentration gZml
- a slight decrease in viability was observed in a few cell lines.
- the viability of many cell lines was reduced, but the reduction was up to 50%.
- Some cell lines still showed no change in viability even at a high concentration of 100 / igZml.
- the results showed that VST was low in cytotoxicity, and there was no direct cytotoxicity to any of the cells, especially at concentrations of 1 g / ml or less.
- HeLa78C6 cells were cultured in DMEM medium, VST at each concentration was added 30 minutes before the addition of tunicamycin, and 2 g / ml of tunicamycin was further added, followed by treatment for 18 hours.
- the cells were collected and GRP78 induction was detected by Western blotting using an anti-GRP78 antibody (Stressgene).
- Stressgene an anti-GRP78 antibody
- HeLa78C6 was cultured by the above-mentioned culture method, pretreated with 50 M VST for 30 minutes, and then collected after each addition of tunicamycin, and the protein level of GRP78 was detected by Western blotting. As a result, it was revealed that GRP78 was induced 12 to 18 hours after treatment with 2 ⁇ g / ml of tunicamycin, and that the induction was inhibited by VST (Fig. 9B).
- Example 6 As a result of Example 6, it was revealed that VST inhibits the induction of endogenous molecular chaperone GRP78 induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress.Therefore, the next cancer cells are those with enhanced endoplasmic reticulum stress response HT-29 cells and ⁇ 080 cells were used to examine the inhibition of GRP78 induction, apoptosis induction, and the effect of combination with other antitumor agents.
- liver cancer cell HT-29 cells and HT1080 cells were cultured in RMI 1640 medium, and pretreated with 3% and VST for 30 minutes. Next, GRP78 levels 18 hours after each endoplasmic reticulum stress treatment were detected by Western blotting.
- VST showed that cancer cells HT-29 and And HT1080 cells also inhibited the induction of GRP78 by 2-DG, a physiological endoplasmic reticulum stress, even at a low concentration of 3M.
- VST did not show a GRP78-induced inhibitory effect on tunicamycin treatment, which is a chemical endoplasmic reticulum stress, even at a concentration of 30 M.
- tunicamycin treatment which is a chemical endoplasmic reticulum stress
- VST showed a highly specific inhibitory effect on the endoplasmic reticulum stress response in a glucose starvation test, which is a model that reflects the actual state of solid tumors in the body. This suggests that it is possible to overcome the resistance mechanism of solid tumors where the effects of antineoplastic agents are difficult to appear.
- VST does not exert an effect on all endoplasmic reticulum stress, but this result indicates that the endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway is not expressed through a single mechanism.
- this phenomenon was first clarified in the world by using VST.
- VST was shown to specifically inhibit the expression of GRP78 by glucose starvation, a physiological endoplasmic reticulum stress. We examined whether cell growth suppression or apoptosis was induced.
- the HT-29 cells were pretreated with VST at each concentration for 30 minutes, and were treated with tunicamycin, calcium ionophore A23187, glucose starvation and 2-DG stress treatment for 18 hours. Thereafter, the cells were cultured on a plate for one week, fixed with formalin, and colonies were stained and counted by crystal violet staining.
- VST showed a strong cell growth inhibitory effect under glucose starvation and 2-DG treatment in proportion to the GRP78 induction inhibitory activity (Fig. Lie and D).
- treatment with tunicamycin did not show a cell growth inhibitory effect as well as GRP78 induction inhibition (FIGS. 11A and B).
- HT1080 cells were pretreated with VST for 30 minutes, the cells were fixed, the nuclei were stained with propidium iodide, and FACS analysis was performed.
- VST did not show any effect in the presence of glucose, as did the control, but showed a strong sub-G1 induction after 48 hours in the dark-starch state, suggesting that HT1080 cells induce apoptosis in the glucose-starved state Was done.
- the number of apoptotic cells in HT1080 cells was extremely limited only by Darcos-starved treatment.
- FIG. 12B it was suggested that VST induced apoptosis in ⁇ 080 cells under glucose-starved condition in a time-dependent manner.
- VST specifically induced cell death in glucose-starved cancer cells by inhibiting the induction of GRP78.
- Enhanced ER stress response promotes survival under malnutrition and has acquired resistance to antitumor agents. Therefore, we decided to study its effects on known antitumor agents.
- VST alone showed strong apoptosis induction under glucose-starved conditions, so that the effect of combination with other drugs could not be sufficiently examined. Therefore, the activity was maintained even under low glucose against cancer cells. Therefore, the combination effect was examined using cisbratin, which is widely used for solid cancer treatment.
- cisbratin which is widely used for solid cancer treatment.
- HT-29 cells were cultured by the above method, pretreated with VST for 30 minutes, and then cultured for 18 hours. Thereafter, the cells were treated with each concentration of cisbratin for 4 hours, and one week later, the ability to form colonies was examined.
- VST and cisplatin showed enhanced activity under glucose-starved conditions, but it was found that the addition of low concentrations of VST (300 nM and 500 nM) further enhanced the effect of cisplatin. (Fig. 13).
- Cisplatin is widely used for the treatment of solid cancer, but is known to have strong side effects. Therefore, if the dose can be reduced by VST, it is expected to greatly contribute to the patient's quality of life (Q0L).
- VST The antitumor effect of VST at the animal level was examined. Specifically, HT-29 cells The transplanted into nude mice were ⁇ the tumor up to 100 Yuzuru 3. After that, each concentration of VST was administered to the tail vein, followed by follow-up, and the tumor was excised at each lapsed day and the size was compared. As a result, as shown in FIG. 14, VST did not show as strong an effect as cisplatin, but showed an antitumor effect. The effect of concomitant use with cDDP (cis bratin) was examined, but the effect of cisplatin was sufficient, and no concomitant effect was observed.
- cDDP cis bratin
- VST showed a growth-suppressing effect in a colony formation test, but did not exhibit an apoptosis-inducing effect It became clear.
- Irela-XBPl pathway which is an endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway widely stored from yeast to mammalian cells.
- XBP1 is spliced from the precursor (XBP1 (U)) by endoplasmic reticulum stress and activated by Irela, and becomes an activated form (XBP1 (S)). Binds and induces GRP78 transcription.
- a plasmid in which a Flag tag was linked to the cloned XBP1 was introduced into # 080, and pretreated with VST for 30 minutes.
- MG132 which is a proteasome inhibitor was added, and a full-length spliced XBPl was detected using an anti-Flag antibody using a sample prepared from cells cultured for further 6 hours.
- Fig. 15 shows the results of 2-DG, and the right side shows the formation of spliced forms of XBP1 by treatment with tunicamycin.
- the spliced form of SBP1 is prone to degradation by the proteasome, making its detection difficult.
- MG132 a proteasome inhibitor, was added.
- VST A novel substance has been identified from actinomycetes that can reduce GRP78 expression.
- a microorganism producing this novel compound, Streptomyces basilis was isolated and identified.
- This VST suppressed the increase in GRP78 expression induced by the endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer, indicating that VST itself can inhibit GRP78 expression caused by stress response.
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Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002468046A CA2468046A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 | 2002-11-22 | Novel tetronic acid derivative |
| AU2002366040A AU2002366040A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 | 2002-11-22 | Novel tetronic acid derivative |
| JP2003545830A JPWO2003044209A1 (ja) | 2001-11-22 | 2002-11-22 | 新規テトロン酸誘導体 |
| EP02803567A EP1462526A4 (en) | 2001-11-22 | 2002-11-22 | NEW TETRONIC ACID DERIVATIVE |
| US10/852,766 US7358233B2 (en) | 2001-11-22 | 2004-05-21 | Tetronic acid derivative |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001/357114 | 2001-11-22 | ||
| JP2001357114 | 2001-11-22 | ||
| PCT/JP2002/009279 WO2003044208A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 | 2002-09-11 | Novel tetronic acid dervative |
| JPPCT/JP02/09279 | 2002-09-11 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/852,766 Continuation-In-Part US7358233B2 (en) | 2001-11-22 | 2004-05-21 | Tetronic acid derivative |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003044209A1 true WO2003044209A1 (en) | 2003-05-30 |
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ID=26345148
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2002/012237 Ceased WO2003044209A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 | 2002-11-22 | Novel tetronic acid derivative |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2002366040A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2003044209A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006101073A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-22 | 2006-09-28 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | 抗がん剤、並びに新規化合物プラナスタチンの生産菌 |
| WO2007004621A1 (ja) | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-11 | Toudai Tlo, Ltd. | versipelostatin誘導体、抗がん剤、並びにそれらの製造方法 |
-
2002
- 2002-11-22 WO PCT/JP2002/012237 patent/WO2003044209A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2002-11-22 AU AU2002366040A patent/AU2002366040A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| JAMORA C. ET AL.: "Inhibition of tumor progression by suppression of stress protein GRP78/Bip induction in fibrosarcoma B/C10ME", PROC. NATL. ACAD. SCI. USA, vol. 93, July 1996 (1996-07-01), pages 7690 - 7694, XP002066166 * |
| See also references of EP1462526A4 * |
| SHINYA K. ET AL.: "Versipelostatin, a novel GRP78/Bip molecular chaperone down-regulator of microbial origin", TETRAHEDRON LETT., vol. 43, no. 39, September 2002 (2002-09-01), pages 6941 - 6945, XP004378271 * |
| TSUGE N. ET AL.: "Novel antibiotics pyrisulfoxin A and B produced by streptomyces californicus", J. ANTIBIOT., vol. 52, 1999, pages 505 - 507, XP002961742 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006101073A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-22 | 2006-09-28 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | 抗がん剤、並びに新規化合物プラナスタチンの生産菌 |
| JPWO2006101073A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-22 | 2008-09-04 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 抗がん剤、並びに新規化合物プラナスタチンの生産菌 |
| WO2007004621A1 (ja) | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-11 | Toudai Tlo, Ltd. | versipelostatin誘導体、抗がん剤、並びにそれらの製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2002366040A1 (en) | 2003-06-10 |
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