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WO1993015483A1 - Dispositif de protection pour la surveillance et la securisation de zones d'acces dans des entrepots - Google Patents

Dispositif de protection pour la surveillance et la securisation de zones d'acces dans des entrepots Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993015483A1
WO1993015483A1 PCT/EP1993/000116 EP9300116W WO9315483A1 WO 1993015483 A1 WO1993015483 A1 WO 1993015483A1 EP 9300116 W EP9300116 W EP 9300116W WO 9315483 A1 WO9315483 A1 WO 9315483A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
vehicle
storage
access
receiver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1993/000116
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Siegfried Kromer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Werner Pfleiderer Elektrotechnische Fabrik GmbH
Original Assignee
Werner Pfleiderer Elektrotechnische Fabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Werner Pfleiderer Elektrotechnische Fabrik GmbH filed Critical Werner Pfleiderer Elektrotechnische Fabrik GmbH
Priority to EP93903201A priority Critical patent/EP0623236A1/fr
Publication of WO1993015483A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993015483A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
    • G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F17/00—Safety devices, e.g. for limiting or indicating lifting force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
    • F16P3/00—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body
    • F16P3/12—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine
    • F16P3/14—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact
    • F16P3/144—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact using light grids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/28—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence

Definitions

  • Protection device for monitoring and securing access areas in storage rooms
  • the invention relates to a protective device for monitoring and securing access areas in storage rooms, in particular the entrances to storage aisles in high-bay warehouses.
  • Devices of this type are known in various configurations, the present invention essentially dealing with stationary devices such as are known, for example, from DE-PS 39 19 167.
  • Such protective devices include a first and a second sensor device that generate a first and a second output signal and transmit it to a control device that receives and evaluates the first and the second output signal.
  • the first sensor device is used to detect people and / or vehicles passing through an access area, while the second sensor device is used for the selective detection of vehicles authorized to pass.
  • the selective detection of vehicles authorized to pass serves a signal transmitter attached to the vehicle and a signal receiver which is arranged in a fixed manner in the access area of the storage space and which are both parts of the second sensor device.
  • the control device uses the first and second output signals to distinguish an authorized person from an unauthorized person when passing through the access area and generates an alarm signal in the event that an unauthorized person wants to pass through the access area.
  • the protective devices of the type described at the outset are particularly important in forklift-operated rack stores, since the dimensions of the storage aisles between the racks are kept as small as possible in order to be able to implement a space-saving design.
  • the aisles are only a few centimeters wider than the stacker trucks themselves, which is why an encounter of people and vehicles or vehicles and vehicles in a warehouse aisle must be prevented in order to avoid endangering the people working in the warehouse .
  • the protective devices should be applicable to a large number of bearing types and should not require a special solution for each individual bearing type.
  • Self-monitoring light barriers have so far been used with great success as the first sensor device, while the vehicle-side signal transmitter is, for example, a magnet attached to the vehicle (cf. DE-39 19 167 Cl).
  • a disadvantage of the solution proposed in DE-39 19 167 Cl is, in particular, that a vehicle first has to drive into the storage alley and can endanger human life before a check of the access authorization and, in connection therewith, a possible alarm is given can be.
  • the signal transmitter transmits a bundled, coded signal
  • the control device comprises a discriminator which suppresses second output signals which are not coded correctly
  • the monitored access area is arranged outside of hazardous areas.
  • the relocation of the monitored access area in front of the actual entrance to a storage aisle enables timely detection of entering vehicles or intruding persons who are not authorized to access the storage aisle.
  • bundling the signal from the signal transmitter it can be ensured that authorized vehicles only detect the signal receiver when it immediately passes the access area and thus trigger a second output signal.
  • the coding of the signal from the signal transmitter achieves extremely high immunity to interference, since external signals have different signal patterns and can therefore be suppressed by the discriminator of the control device. It is therefore practically impossible in the embodiment of the protective device according to the invention that external signals pretend to have access authorization.
  • a protective device is particularly advantageous because it saves space and is functionally reliable if the monitored access area can be kept as short as possible when viewed in the direction of entry.
  • the first sensor device for example, light barrier systems which have two optical paths arranged in series and which are arranged at a different height in a vertical plane have proven useful for the first sensor device.
  • the signal transmitter of the second sensor device can, for example, emit a bundled, coded signal, color coding, frequency or intensity modulation of the signal being possible for the coding.
  • the second output signal is generated only in the case of completely defined constellations indicating the passage of an access area.
  • a large number of false alarms can be safely avoided if the monitored access area is arranged directly adjacent to the entrance of a storage aisle, but outside the danger zone itself.
  • the signal transmitter be arranged on the vehicle at a distance from the center of the vehicle and that the receiver be arranged off-center in the access area.
  • bundling the signal of the signal transmitter it is achieved that the receiver in the access area only generates a second output signal when the signal transmitter and receiver are on the same side, so that by fitting the signal transmitter to the vehicle, the permitted direction of entry of the vehicle is permitted can be set.
  • the control device preferably further comprises a memory for each individual storage aisle or each individual access area, in which it is recorded whether there is currently in the Lagergasse holds an authorized vehicle or an authorized person.
  • the control device blocks the access area for authorized vehicles when a first authorized vehicle has already passed the access area and has still remained in the storage aisle and this is indicated by the memory content. This additionally avoids collisions between authorized vehicles in a storage aisle.
  • the receiver is preferably arranged above the highest permissible passage height or above the highest storage rack level. This ensures that the receiver cannot be damaged even when the truck's vehicle tower is fully extended.
  • the first sensor device can also advantageously be designed as a sensor that reacts to thermal radiation and is arranged in a stationary manner in the access area. Due to the fixed arrangement of the sensor reacting to thermal radiation, a large number of unfavorable influencing variables can be avoided, which could erroneously trigger an output signal.
  • the sensor In the proposed arrangement, the sensor always detects the same space with regularly constant conditions. A change only occurs if a person or a vehicle generally an object crosses the access area or the detection area of the sensor, a situation which, according to the philosophy of the security systems, should lead to an output signal.
  • the first sensor device in particular with a sensor reacting to thermal radiation, advantageously has a lobe-shaped scanning geometry which, on the one hand, covers the entire width of the access area, but only a small extent in the direction of travel or in the direction of entry - points. This allows the access area to be monitored specifically, so that no irritation and subsequent false alarms can be triggered by vehicles or people passing by. The passing vehicles only need to keep a relatively small distance from the entrance of a storage aisle.
  • the second sensor device comprises a second signal receiver which is located opposite one another for the first, is also arranged off-center in the access area.
  • certain preferred vehicles are allowed to drive in forwards and backwards, they can be equipped with two signal transmitters, so that even with only one signal receiver in the access areas, the second output signal is reliably generated regardless of the direction of entry.
  • the control device comprises a circuit for checking the functionality of the protective device, an alarm signal being able to be generated in the event that a second output signal is received by the control device without a corresponding first output signal being received is.
  • the second sensor device which is provided for the selective detection of an authorized vehicle, fails, an alarm signal is generated automatically, since only a first output signal does not reach the control device, but the authorization signal (second output signal).
  • the authorization signal second output signal
  • the functionality is checked not only when an authorized vehicle enters a storage aisle, but also when it exits the storage aisle, which increases the frequency of the functionality check.
  • control device comprises a circuit for determining the direction of travel of vehicles authorized to pass, i.e. a distinction in the entry or exit direction, a second signal receiver being provided as part of the second sensor device and the time sequence of the generation of the second output signal being evaluated by the first and the second signal receiver.
  • a functionality check of the memory locations of the control device for the occupancy of the storage lanes can be connected, since one is considered occupied Only a very specific signal sequence that corresponds to the exit signal sequence can be generated by an authorized vehicle in the storage aisle. If a different signal sequence is generated by an authorized vehicle, then it is an incorrect state, ie a situation in which an alarm signal is to be given.
  • the first sensor device with respect to the signal receiver and the signal transmitter on the vehicle are each arranged in such a way that the authorized vehicle passes through the access area and the first and second output signals are shifted in time can be generated, so that the passing vehicle can be differentiated according to whether it drives forward or backward into the storage aisle.
  • a loud horn is usually triggered as an alarm signal at a central point and a light signal, for example in the form of a flashing light, is activated at the respective access areas or aisle ends or aisle entrance.
  • the signals on the control device can only be switched off by an authorized person who can have access with a special key. In this way, this person, for example the warehouse manager, obtains a good overview of the frequency and the cause of dangerous situations.
  • walking through the storage aisles is a normal process.
  • the possibilities which correspond in the coding of the signal of the signal transmitter and the correlating discrimination of the second output signal in the control device have not yet been addressed.
  • the positions of individual vehicles can be monitored here, each vehicle emitting a differently coded transmission signal.
  • the current position of the vehicles in the storage room can be determined here at any time.
  • the protective device according to the invention can of course also be used as an anti-burglary device and thus monitor the storage rooms before unauthorized entry, for example during non-operating times.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the protective device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a further schematic illustration of an embodiment of a protective device according to the invention for securing entrance areas of storage aisles.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of a schematically illustrated high-bay warehouse 10 with storage racks 12 and 14 which are arranged on both sides of a warehouse aisle 16.
  • the storage lane 16 is accessible via an access area 18 from a driveway, not shown, in the storage room.
  • so-called narrow aisle storage rooms are preferred in which the width of the storage aisle 16 is adapted to the width of the transport vehicles to be used.
  • the protective device in FIG. 1 comprises a light barrier 20, which is constructed from an active and a passive column 22, 23.
  • the active column 22 includes a light source 24 and a light-sensitive detector 26.
  • the light source 24 and the receiver 26 are arranged offset from one another in the same vertical plane.
  • the passive column contains two mirror elements 28, 29 at the level of the light source 24 and the receiver 26, respectively, which serve to deflect the light beam emitted by the light source 24 by 180 °.
  • a light beam is emitted from the light source 24, strikes the mirror 28, is reflected by the mirror 29 and is finally detected by the receiver 26.
  • the light barrier 20 is only the sensor device that reacts both to vehicles and to people. An interruption of the light barriers is reported to a control device (not shown) in the form of a first output signal and at the same time offers the possibility of protecting the bearing against unwanted intruders during unattended times.
  • a person enters warehouse lane 16 via access area 18 light barrier 20 is interrupted and output a first output signal to the control device.
  • the control device decides whether there is a permissible interruption of the light barrier and thus authorized access to the storage aisle by checking a further output signal from a second sensor device 30.
  • a second sensor device 30 is composed of a receiver 32 and a transmitter 34, not shown in FIG. 1.
  • the receiver 32 comprises two partial receiving parts 32a and 32b, which are arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the storage aisle at a predetermined distance from one another above the uppermost storage level of the storage racks 12 and 14.
  • FIG. 2 shows a vehicle 36 entering storage lane 16, which has already passed the access area 18.
  • first sensor device 38 which is designed here as a sensor sensitive to heat radiation, and reported to the control device in the form of a first output signal.
  • the authorization of the vehicle to enter the warehouse aisle was recognized via the second sensor device in the form of the signal transmitter 34b and the signal receivers 32a and 32b, and to the control unit in the form of a second output signal with the partial signals of the two signal receivers 32a and 32b device reported.
  • the alarm device remains silent, since this is an allowed entry into the storage alley 16.
  • two signal transmitters 34a, 34b are mounted, which have the effect that, despite the bundling of the coded signals emitted by the transmitters 34a and 34b, the vehicle both retracts and retracts into the storage aisle is detected and recognized by the signal receivers 32a and 32b.
  • vehicle 36b may enter the storage alley 16 in any orientation.
  • one of the two signal transmitters 34a, 34b could be omitted, but a further set of signal receivers could be arranged on the opposite shelf 12, corresponding to the signal receivers 32a and 32b, so that this or the set of signal receivers 32a, 32b on the shelf 14 receives the coded signal of the signal transmitter of the vehicle 36.
  • the signal transmitter 34b When the vehicle enters the storage aisle, the signal transmitter 34b first generates a first partial signal of the second output signal via the receiver 32b and a short time later a second partial signal of the second output signal in the signal receiver 32a. Due to the temporal sequence of the partial signals that arise from the receivers 32b and 32a, the control circuit recognizes that the vehicle is entering the storage aisle, while when it exits the storage aisle, a first partial signal of the second output signal is first generated in the signal receiver 32a and only then then the second partial signal in the signal receiver 32b. With these possible variations, it is possible to determine the exact orientation of the vehicles when entering or leaving the warehouse lane, or to recognize the entrance or exit only via the second output signal. In the manner shown in FIG.
  • the first sensor device has a preferably lobe-shaped scanning area (broken line) which, adjacent to the floor or the carriageway of storage lane 16, covers the entire width of the storage lane, but only a very small length in the longitudinal direction of the storage lane ⁇ has elongation and in particular does not protrude noticeably from the bearing alley 16, so that vehicles or people passing by the bearing alley cannot trigger a first output signal.
  • lobe-shaped scanning area (broken line) which, adjacent to the floor or the carriageway of storage lane 16, covers the entire width of the storage lane, but only a very small length in the longitudinal direction of the storage lane ⁇ has elongation and in particular does not protrude noticeably from the bearing alley 16, so that vehicles or people passing by the bearing alley cannot trigger a first output signal.
  • This smallest possible extension of the scanning characteristic of the first sensor device is completely sufficient for the purposes of recognizing people or vehicles who want to enter or enter the storage alley 16 and, on the other hand, does not hinder other traffic or operation in the storage room as such.
  • the functionality test of the protective device can be further refined by evaluating the chronological sequence of the occurrence of the first partial signal of the second output signal, the first output signal and the second partial signal of the second output signal.
  • the coded signals which are generated by the signal transmitters 34a or 34b can be specific to a vehicle type or only for a single vehicle, so that access to individual storage aisles can be selectively opened only for certain vehicle types or individual vehicles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Pour assurer qu'avec un dispositif de protection pour la surveillance et la sécurisation de zones d'accès aux zones à risques d'entrepôts, en particulier pour les entrées d'allées de magasins à rayonnages de grande hauteur, d'une part des véhicules traversant la zone d'accès soient détectés dès leur entrée dans la zone à risques et déclenchent des signaux d'alarme, et, d'autre part, des véhicules passant devant les allées de magasin et les zones d'accès ne provoquent pas le déclenchement d'une alarme, il est proposé de fixer un émetteur de signaux sur ces véhicules. Cet émetteur génére un signal codé en faisceau qui est reçu par un récepteur fixe disposé dans la zone d'accès à l'entrepôt et retransmis vers un dispositif de commande comportant un discriminateur supprimant les signaux de sortie non correctement codés. Il est également proposé que la zone d'accès surveillée soit située à l'extérieur de zones à risques.
PCT/EP1993/000116 1992-01-25 1993-01-20 Dispositif de protection pour la surveillance et la securisation de zones d'acces dans des entrepots Ceased WO1993015483A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP93903201A EP0623236A1 (fr) 1992-01-25 1993-01-20 Dispositif de protection pour la surveillance et la securisation de zones d'acces dans des entrepots

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4202057A DE4202057C2 (de) 1992-01-25 1992-01-25 Schutzvorrichtung zum Überwachen und Absichern von Zugangsbereichen in Lagerräumen
DEP4202057.3 1992-01-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993015483A1 true WO1993015483A1 (fr) 1993-08-05

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ID=6450268

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1993/000116 Ceased WO1993015483A1 (fr) 1992-01-25 1993-01-20 Dispositif de protection pour la surveillance et la securisation de zones d'acces dans des entrepots

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0623236A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4202057C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993015483A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011108390A1 (de) 2011-07-22 2013-01-24 PPP "KB Pribor" Ltd. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rauchdetektors vom offenen Typ und Rauchdetektor
DE102011108389A1 (de) 2011-07-22 2013-01-24 PPP "KB Pribor" Ltd. Rauchdetektor

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19529079C2 (de) * 1995-08-08 2001-07-05 Mayser Gmbh & Co Einrichtung zur Überwachung von Zugangsbereichen mehrerer Lagergassen
DE19646462A1 (de) * 1996-11-11 1998-05-14 Micas Elektronik Gmbh U Co Kg System zur Überwachung von Durchgangsöffnungen
ITAN980015A1 (it) * 1998-02-25 1999-08-25 Giancarlo Riminucci Dispositivo per ottenere il riconoscimento automatico di persone e cose in attraversamento di barriere a raggi infrarossi
DE10323643B4 (de) * 2003-05-26 2021-02-04 Still Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung Sensorsystem für ein autonomes Flurförderfahrzeug
CN107644506A (zh) * 2017-10-26 2018-01-30 扬州制汇互联信息技术有限公司 一种智能化安防系统

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2095016A (en) * 1981-03-11 1982-09-22 Duckworth Brian Alarm system
DE3142022A1 (de) * 1981-10-23 1983-05-05 Fa. Carl Zeiss, 7920 Heidenheim Verfahren zur anordnung zur gelaendeueberwachung mit infrarot-detektoren
EP0220361A2 (fr) * 1985-08-28 1987-05-06 Telenot Electronic GmbH Protection de surface
DE3919167C1 (en) * 1989-06-12 1990-09-13 Volker Von 6110 Dieburg De Kuczkowski Security indicating device, e.g. for storage room - has sensors at opposite ends of passageways to determine presence of vehicle or person, and activates alarm and lamp upon object device
US4970494A (en) * 1989-11-20 1990-11-13 Keely William A Radio controlled home security system

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IT1161307B (it) * 1978-08-25 1987-03-18 Datalogic Spa Barriera fotoelettrica in particolare dispositivo di sicurezza
DE3837054C2 (de) * 1987-10-31 1994-05-05 Waldemar Marinitsch Gefahrenmeldeanlage für ein Fahrzeug insbesondere ein Flurförderzeug
DE8814954U1 (de) * 1988-12-01 1989-01-19 Werac Elektronik GmbH, 6729 Wörth Lichtschranken-Sicherheitseinrichtung
DE3922218A1 (de) * 1989-07-06 1991-01-17 Johann Hufen Personenschutzanlage psa 12 zur erkennung von personen aufgrund ihrer emmision

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2095016A (en) * 1981-03-11 1982-09-22 Duckworth Brian Alarm system
DE3142022A1 (de) * 1981-10-23 1983-05-05 Fa. Carl Zeiss, 7920 Heidenheim Verfahren zur anordnung zur gelaendeueberwachung mit infrarot-detektoren
EP0220361A2 (fr) * 1985-08-28 1987-05-06 Telenot Electronic GmbH Protection de surface
DE3919167C1 (en) * 1989-06-12 1990-09-13 Volker Von 6110 Dieburg De Kuczkowski Security indicating device, e.g. for storage room - has sensors at opposite ends of passageways to determine presence of vehicle or person, and activates alarm and lamp upon object device
US4970494A (en) * 1989-11-20 1990-11-13 Keely William A Radio controlled home security system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011108390A1 (de) 2011-07-22 2013-01-24 PPP "KB Pribor" Ltd. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rauchdetektors vom offenen Typ und Rauchdetektor
DE102011108389A1 (de) 2011-07-22 2013-01-24 PPP "KB Pribor" Ltd. Rauchdetektor
WO2013014561A1 (fr) 2011-07-22 2013-01-31 Shustrov Sergei Vladimirovich Détecteur de fumée fonctionnant au moyen d'impulsions équipé d'une unité de commande numérique
WO2013014577A2 (fr) 2011-07-22 2013-01-31 Shustrov Sergei Vladimirovich Procédé pour produire un détecteur de fumée de type ouvert et détecteur de fumée
DE102011108390B4 (de) 2011-07-22 2019-07-11 PPP "KB Pribor" Ltd. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rauchdetektors vom offenen Typ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0623236A1 (fr) 1994-11-09
DE4202057A1 (de) 1993-07-29
DE4202057C2 (de) 1993-12-09

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