WO1993006308A1 - Continuous floating boom, fabrication unit and boat for making and setting in place such a boom - Google Patents
Continuous floating boom, fabrication unit and boat for making and setting in place such a boom Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993006308A1 WO1993006308A1 PCT/FR1992/000872 FR9200872W WO9306308A1 WO 1993006308 A1 WO1993006308 A1 WO 1993006308A1 FR 9200872 W FR9200872 W FR 9200872W WO 9306308 A1 WO9306308 A1 WO 9306308A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- weld
- films
- edges
- floating boom
- dam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
- E02B15/0814—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material with underwater curtains
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
- E02B15/0857—Buoyancy material
- E02B15/0885—Foam
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a continuous floating dam, a method, a manufacturing unit and a boat for making and installing such a dam.
- the floating dam according to the present invention is more particularly, but not exclusively, intended to combat oil spills, and in general, against any pollution of water.
- dams In known manner, such dams generally consist of inflatable tubes or floating elements provided with submerged skirts. These dams are intended to prevent polluting products from reaching certain installations.
- the types of floating dams known to date have many drawbacks. More particularly the known continuous floating dams require, for their realization and their installation, a significant labor and a considerable time. In addition, they occupy a large volume of storage when not in use. As a result, they cannot be set up quickly, when the pollutants begin to be released into the water.
- the present invention aims to overcome all of these drawbacks by creating a continuous floating dam, the manufacture of which is carried out on the very site of its use, from an autonomous and preferably fully automatic manufacturing unit.
- An objective of the invention is to produce a continuous dam, having both a sufficient breaking strength not to fall apart under rough seas and an appropriate flexibility to bend to the movements of the swell in calm weather. We seek to avoid any risk of the dam overturning, which would cause a failure to retain polluting products.
- Another objective of the invention is to be able to make this dam quickly (from 1 to 5 km / hour). Another object of the invention is to recover this dam after use in order to reuse it as a floating coastal protection dam, or else to incinerate and destroy it.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a floating boom that is economical to manufacture and easy to set up and whose manufacturing cost is low, so that after use it can be destroyed.
- Another object of the invention is to clean the coastal areas using a floating dam in order to remove all the more or less natural debris that clogs them. This cleaning can be carried out both on the surface and between "two waters”.
- the present invention relates to a continuous floating dam of the type comprising:
- a partially emerged part of generally triangular shape having a submerged lower edge and two upper edges delimiting an emerged upper face
- a submerged part essentially constituted by a weighted skirt extending substantially in line with the partially emerged part, said dam being characterized in that it further comprises:
- At least two separate ballasting means placed on the one hand at the level of the submerged low ridge and, on the other hand, at a lower end of the skirt,
- gripping means adapted to allow launching and directional control of the dam.
- the float of the dam according to the invention has a substantially triangular section. One of the edges is submerged, the other two have emerged and have between them a surface forming the upper part of the dam. This part
- the production of the floating dam according to the invention makes it possible, by enclosing in the partially emerged part a flotation element and a ballast, to ensure perfect consistency of the dam. This avoids untimely separations of the various elements constituting the dam, which would lead to leaks of pollutants and therefore to lower efficiency.
- the entire floating dam can be destroyed after use.
- reinforcing means are provided at each of the emerged edges. This reinforces the structure of the partially emerged part and at the same time ensures an adequate shape for each of these two edges. In this way, we reduce the hold on the winds of this part. This prevents the partially emerged part from lying on the sea and no longer fulfilling its role of retaining polluting products.
- the present invention also relates to a continuous floating dam, the partially emerged part of which is compartmentalized along its entire length.
- the flotation element can be air, but it can also be a low density synthetic material, for example a polyurethane foam.
- the flotation element can also not be the same from one end to the other of the dam.
- the dam can be made up of a plurality of alternating air / synthetic compartments, regularly spaced or not.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing a floating dam, characterized in that it consists in: - unrolling simultaneously and continuously two strips of plastic film impermeable to pollutants and to water, each of these strips being wound up on a reel, so that each strip, once run, either parallel to each other,
- the floating boom according to the invention is essentially produced by the imprisonment, between two strips of continuous plastic film, of ballasting means, reinforcing means, gripping means and flotation element.
- the present invention also relates to a unit for manufacturing a floating dam, characterized in that it successively comprises: - means for storing and guiding ballasts,
- Such a unit, intended for manufacturing the dam according to the invention uses means of small volume and does not use any complex device. It is therefore easy to make and maintain.
- This unit can be loaded on a ship, a truck or permanently in a shore building. Its handling remains simple and can be fully automated. Thus, the production of the floating dam according to the invention can be carried out on the very places where it will be used.
- the present invention finally relates to a marine craft suitable for depositing such a floating boom independently and automatically.
- this boat has a manufacturing unit as described above.
- Such a boat makes it possible to continuously carry out, on the very site of the oil spill or of pollution, a floating dam adapted to contain polluting products within a circumscribed perimeter.
- this boat is autonomous and automatic, and because it is remote-controlled, it is not linked to the fate of the ship whose damage caused the oil spill or the pollution. Thus, the fight against the spread and spread of the oil spill can be carried out even if the polluting vessel is badly damaged.
- such a boat makes it possible to set up a floating protective dam from the start of the damage, that is to say even before the oil spill spreads over a large area.
- this boat can be loaded on each "at risk” vessel and be launched as soon as damage occurs or threatens to do so.
- the boat is streamlined and designed to allow the automatic and automatic operation of the manufacturing unit it transports. For this purpose, it is waterproof, semi-submersible and very stable.
- this boat can be operated remotely by remote control from the damaged ship, or from any other vessel.
- the transported manufacturing unit is also designed to be able to withstand a high heel without this disturbing the manufacture of the floating boom.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view in cross section of a continuous floating dam according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view in perspective of a first boat intended to support a continuous dam manufacturing unit according to the invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a second boat, fitted with a unit for manufacturing the continuous floating boom,
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are respectively schematic sectional views along lines IV — IV and V— V of FIG. 3,
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of the boat according to FIG. 3,
- FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing a variant of a continuous floating dam according to the invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view showing a double-band conveyor suitable for compartmentalizing the dam according to an alternative embodiment of this floating dam,
- FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of a unit for manufacturing the dam shown in FIG. 7.
- the floating boom 10 according to the invention consists of two main parts, namely a partially emerged part 12 and a submerged part 13.
- a flotation element 14 is contained inside of the partially emerged part 12.
- the submerged part 13 is essentially constituted by a weighted skirt at its lower part.
- the entire dam is formed by two sheets of plastic film 15 and 16, welded together in a first weld 17 at their lower part, a second weld 18 in the intermediate part, a third weld 19 in the upper part of the two films. Each of these welds is impermeable to water and pollutants.
- Each of these cables 20 and 21 has a certain flexibility and a defined weight, so that in combination their weight allows a correct ballasting, on the one hand of the partially emerged part 12 and, on the other hand of the submerged part 13. This ballasting does not however adversely affect the flexibility of the dam in itself because each of the cables keeps its own flexibility and placing several cables together does not significantly increase the rigidity of the assembly.
- the flotation element 14 can be air or a pressurized gas or a spongy body, such as for example a solidified synthetic foam (for example polyurethane).
- a foam has at least 10% of open cells in order to offer a certain flexibility.
- the plastic films 15 and 16 are impermeable to pollutants and are for example made of a composite material having good tensile and tear strength. Likewise, these films have great flexibility and ease of welding at low temperature (of the order of 130 ° C.).
- these films are made of a polyester film laminated to a polyurethane film. The polyester film is intended to be in contact with water, air and pollutants, while the polyurethane film is placed inside the dam.
- buoyancy element 14 is thus enclosed in these plastic films which envelop it.
- the partially emerged part 12 has a substantially triangular shape, a lower edge 22 being immersed and the upper edges 23 and 24 forming between them an emerged upper surface. It should be noted that this ideal triangular shape is not actually achieved, because the buoyancy element deforms this triangle, so that in reality the emerged part is rarely strictly as shown in Figure 1.
- Reinforcement means in the form of two flat cables 25 are welded inside the partially emerged part at equal distance from the upper end of the films 15 and 16.
- the sea level has been materialized so arbitrary by the frame N, Figure 1.
- the part of the plastic films 15 and 16 comprised between the first and the second welds constitutes a skirt 27.
- This skirt is kept substantially perpendicular to the partially emerged part (in the absence of current) by the presence of the first means of ballasting 20.
- This skirt thus forms a sealed enclosure, inside which is the first ballasting means 20.
- This enclosure can however also receive various elements or pipes intended for transporting anti-pollution products.
- the intermediate zone of the second weld 18 delimits the separation between the partially emerged part 12 and the submerged part 13.
- the height of the part actually emerged is of the order of 0.75 m and the height of the skirt of the order of one meter.
- the boat intended to transport the dam manufacturing unit is schematically shown in Figure 2 in a first embodiment and in Figures 3 to 6 in a second embodiment.
- Figure 2 shows the boat seen from below. Note that this boat has a double keel.
- This boat is remote-controlled or remote-controlled and is semi-submersible. It has the particularity of having, for this purpose, two directional motors (m, M) (one on each hull), allowing it to steer at low speed when it produces a continuous barrage according to the invention, and a motor central (Me) allowing it a rapid axial propulsion to move quickly towards the disaster area.
- m, M two directional motors
- Me motor central
- the continuous barrage is not produced when the boat is at high speed.
- the elements necessary for the construction of the dam such as ballast, cables, film reels, products intended to make the flotation element, are distributed in each of the keels so as not to not unbalance the boat.
- the boat could also be of the catamaran type and no longer of double keel, this always with a view to ensuring great stability of the assembly on the sea.
- the manufacturing unit allowing the construction of the dam according to the invention has been shown in Figures 3 to 6, on a catamaran type boat. This same manufacturing unit could just as easily be on land or on a land vehicle or on a boat not exclusively reserved for this use.
- the dam manufacturing unit is supported by a support structure 61 secured to two longitudinal floats 60.
- This catamaran type boat comprises, in addition to known propulsion (m. M, Me) and remote control devices (not shown), a production unit for the floating boom according to the invention.
- the cables 20 and 21 are guided by a roller system 29 to the bow 30 of the boat.
- Each continuous plastic film strip is thus unwound parallel to each other in a substantially vertical plane (in the absence of any agitation of the sea).
- each of the bands is welded 17 by a welding device 35 (performing a low temperature heat seal (of the order of 130 ° C.).
- This welding is carried out by bringing heating elements against the polyester part. of each of the composite films. This brings the two composite films into contact. As a result, the two internal polyurethane films touch. Brought to about 130 ° C., these polyurethane films melt and weld one to the other.
- the polyester films on the other hand, only melt at around 400 to 500 ° C. There is therefore no risk, by welding at 130 ° C., of causing these polyester films to melt. , this prevents the heating elements carrying out the welding from being soiled by the melting of the films.
- the reinforcing cables 25 are placed by welding on the polyurethane films and equidistant from the upper edges of each of the films. The two edges of each of these films are then spread apart above the intermediate line in order to create a free space and an injection head 36 is made to enter this space (FIG. 3).
- the dam manufacturing unit according to the invention comprises a number of tanks (not shown) containing different flotation elements.
- flotation elements can be injected by the injection device 36. It is possible, in the case where it is air which is injected, to use as injection device 36 a simple compressor. In the case where the flotation element is air, storage of the products to be injected is of course unnecessary.
- the injection head 36 performs the mixing between a catalyst used as hardener, an isocyanate and a polyol.
- an overpressure is produced in this free space and the injection nozzle (not shown) is directed downstream of the manufacturing unit.
- the material does not tend to obstruct or block the injection head or the devices placed upstream of it.
- the overpressure thus created promotes displacement towards the stern 33 of the dam.
- the upper parts of each of the raised edges are then folded back towards each other. It brings, at the same time, the gripping means 26 between these two edges which are welded to each other in a third weld.
- the injected fast setting liquid material tends to solidify gradually, passing through a frothy state and produces an exothermic reaction.
- the partially emerged part then takes its substantially triangular shape thanks to the armature 25 and gripping means 26. It should be noted that, during this solidification of the foam (or spongy element), the liquid material strongly adheres to the walls of the plastic films. 15 and 16 surrounding it. This ensures effective cohesion between the buoyancy element and the plastic films.
- an air conditioning unit can surround the dam after injection of the liquid material.
- This air conditioning unit is suitable for conditioning the ambient air to a temperature of the order of 21 ° C. and to a degree of hygrometry of the order of 70%. These conditions allow a correct and homogeneous solidification of the fast-setting liquid material.
- the manufacturing unit according to the invention uses a low storage volume.
- the liquid products to be mixed take up little space, while the foam resulting from their mixing occupies a large volume.
- the start of the dam is attached to a floating anchor which aims to keep it on the surface of the water. To do this, the gripping means 26 is fixed to the anchor. The dam is then produced on site from the boat. It is easy to see that by remotely controlling the boat according to the invention as well as the head of the dam deposited at sea, one can circumscribe an oil slick at its very birth.
- the ship at the origin of this slick launches the boat according to the invention, by remote control from the edge of the ship.
- the boat according to the invention thus constitutes a means of rapid and effective fight against oil pollution, and is therefore simply an on-board security system.
- the floating dam according to the invention is suitable for retaining any product on the surface of the water and not only an oil slick. It can, in fact, be any pollution or marine object. Such a dam is, for example, adapted to be pulled by a boat to "rake" the water at the edge of the beaches and thus clean it.
- the dam built is a continuous dam and not made up of juxtaposed elements, which reduces the possibilities of escape.
- the dam according to the invention can be ballasted with any plurality of cables, and in particular by cables serving as a conduit for products attacking oil spills, or any other pollution.
- the dam according to the invention is also adapted to play the role of a reservoir. Oil or any other polluting product is then pumped directly into this tank. Likewise, the oil contained by the dam can be treated with a view to its destruction by any appropriate means (seeding with bacteria, emulsifiers, dispersants, gelling agents, etc.).
- this partially emerged part can be compartmentalized
- This fourth weld is obtained by pinching and heating the two films 15 and 16 along the entire height of the partially emerged part.
- This weld may be of small width as in the example shown ( Figures 7 and 8) or may extend over a large width. In this case, compartments separated by large flat parts 51 are obtained.
- the ballast cables 21 are placed in the second weld 18 and the reinforcing means 25 are formed by folds 25 '. These folds are made equidistant from each of the upper edges of the films 15 and 16.
- Such an embodiment makes it possible to produce a fourth weld 51 along the entire height of the semi-emerged part, without any cable coming to cause risks. leakage along the fourth weld. This ensures correct sealing for each of the compartments.
- FIG. 9 shows a unit for manufacturing the compartmentalized dam according to the invention.
- All the compartments 50 of a dam can be filled with air, or polyurethane foam, or any other flotation element. Alternatively, it is also possible to alternate an air compartment with a polyurethane foam compartment.
- the alternation of the materials constituting the flotation elements may be regular or not. Alternatively, it is still possible to vary for a given flotation element its pressure (air) or its density (polyurethane) from one compartment to the other. Any combination between the alternation of the flotation elements and the variation in the density or pressure of these elements is possible.
- the welds produced are always sealed. During the welds, it is always the polyurethane films which are brought into contact and then heated at low temperature (around 130 ° C.) to make the welds. Polyester films are always intended to be in contact with the outside (air, water, pollutants).
- the films 15 and 16 which constitute the skirt can be welded to each other over their entire height, this in particular to avoid the creation of an air pocket at the level of the skirt.
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described, and encompasses any variant within the reach of ordinary skill in the art.
- the triangular shape of the flotation element can be more or less softened or even modified.
- the dam according to the invention can be produced from a single strip of waterproof plastic material receiving in its middle the first ballasting means, then subsequently undergoing the same steps as the above method described.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
Abstract
Description
BARRAGE FLOTTANT CONTINU, PROCEDE, UNITE CONTINUOUS FLOATING DAM, METHOD, UNIT
DE FABRICATION ET EMBARCATION PERMETTANT LA REALISATIONOF MANUFACTURING AND CRAFT ALLOWING THE PRODUCTION
ET LA MISE EN PLACE D'UN TEL BARRAGEAND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SUCH A DAM
La présente invention concerne un barrage flottant continu, un procédé, une unité de fabrication et une embarcation permettant la réalisation et la mise en place d'un tel barrage.The present invention relates to a continuous floating dam, a method, a manufacturing unit and a boat for making and installing such a dam.
Le barrage flottant selon la présente invention est plus particulièrement, mais non exclusivement, destiné à lutter contre les marées noires, et de manière générale, contre toute pollution des eaux.The floating dam according to the present invention is more particularly, but not exclusively, intended to combat oil spills, and in general, against any pollution of water.
Depuis de nombreuses années, l'opinion publique est régulièrement alarmée par les ravages consécutifs aux phénomènes dits de marée noire. Que ces marées noires soient dues à des dégazages illégaux ou à toute autre cause accidentelle, elles entraînent généralement des conséquences désastreuses sur la faune et la flore des régions sinistrées. En outre, lorsqu'elles atteignent les côtes, le tourisme des régions affectées, mais aussi la pêche et les industries côtières sont durement touchés.For many years, public opinion has been regularly alarmed by the devastation resulting from the so-called oil spill phenomena. Whether these oil spills are due to illegal degassing or any other accidental cause, they generally have disastrous consequences on the flora and fauna of the disaster areas. In addition, when they reach the coasts, tourism in the affected regions, but also fishing and coastal industries are hit hard.
En cas de marée noire, il est déjà connu d'essayer de protéger les zones côtières et portuaires, les installations de piscicultures, etc.. avec des barrages flottants.In the event of an oil spill, it is already known to try to protect coastal and port areas, fish farming facilities, etc. with floating dams.
De manière connue, de tels barrages sont généralement constitués de boudins gonflables ou d'éléments flottants munis de jupes immergées. Ces barrages sont destinés à empêcher des produits polluants d'atteindre certaines installations.In known manner, such dams generally consist of inflatable tubes or floating elements provided with submerged skirts. These dams are intended to prevent polluting products from reaching certain installations.
Cependant, les types de barrages flottants connus à ce jour présentent de nombreux inconvénients. Plus particulièrement les barrages flottants continus connus nécessitent, pour leur réalisation et leur installation, une main d'oeuvre importante et un temps non négligeable. De plus, ils occupent un grand volume de stockage lorsqu'ils ne sont pas employés. De ce fait, ils ne peuvent être mis en place rapidement, au moment où les produits polluants commencent à être déversés dans l'eau.However, the types of floating dams known to date have many drawbacks. More particularly the known continuous floating dams require, for their realization and their installation, a significant labor and a considerable time. In addition, they occupy a large volume of storage when not in use. As a result, they cannot be set up quickly, when the pollutants begin to be released into the water.
Il est déjà connu un barrage flottant continu dont la réalisation est effectuée en mer, au moment même de la marée noire, afin d'éviter les inconvénients liés au volume de stockage. Toutefois, plusieurs personnes sont nécessaires pour la réalisation d'un tel barrage, et la vitesse de fabrication est très réduite (de l'ordre de 250 m à l'heure), ce qui ne permet pas d'agir rapidement et efficacement. De plus, les conditions maritimes sont souvent défavorables en cas de marée noire, ce qui entraîne des risques accrus en vies humaines et ralentit d'autant la fabrication du barrage.It is already known a continuous floating dam, the realization of which is carried out at sea, at the very moment of the oil spill, in order to avoid the drawbacks linked to the storage volume. However, several people are necessary for the realization of such a dam, and the manufacturing speed is very low (of the order of 250 m per hour), which does not allow to act quickly and efficiently. In addition, maritime conditions are often unfavorable in the event of an oil spill, which leads to increased risks in human lives and slows down the manufacture of the dam accordingly.
La présente invention vise à pallier l'ensemble de ces inconvénients en créant un barrage flottant continu, dont la fabrication est effectuée sur les lieux mêmes de son utilisation, à partir d'une unité de fabrication autonome et de préférence entièrement automatique. Un objectif de l'invention est de réaliser un barrage continu, présentant, à la fois, une résistance à la rupture suffisante pour ne pas se disloquer sous mer agitée et une souplesse appropriée pour se plier aux mouvements de la houle par temps calme. On cherche à éviter tout risque de renversement du barrage qui entraînerait un défaut de rétention des produits polluants.The present invention aims to overcome all of these drawbacks by creating a continuous floating dam, the manufacture of which is carried out on the very site of its use, from an autonomous and preferably fully automatic manufacturing unit. An objective of the invention is to produce a continuous dam, having both a sufficient breaking strength not to fall apart under rough seas and an appropriate flexibility to bend to the movements of the swell in calm weather. We seek to avoid any risk of the dam overturning, which would cause a failure to retain polluting products.
Un autre objectif de l'invention est de pouvoir réaliser ce barrage rapidement (de 1 à 5 km/heure). Un autre but de l'invention est de récupérer ce barrage après utilisation afin de le réutiliser en tant que barrage flottant de protection côtière, ou bien pour l'incinérer et le détruire.Another objective of the invention is to be able to make this dam quickly (from 1 to 5 km / hour). Another object of the invention is to recover this dam after use in order to reuse it as a floating coastal protection dam, or else to incinerate and destroy it.
Un autre but de l'invention est de réaliser un barrage flottant économique à fabriquer et facile à mettre en place et dont le coût de fabrication soit faible, de sorte qu'après utilisation il puisse être détruit.Another object of the invention is to provide a floating boom that is economical to manufacture and easy to set up and whose manufacturing cost is low, so that after use it can be destroyed.
Un autre objet de l'invention est de nettoyer les zones côtières à l'aide d'un barrage flottant afin d'enlever tous les débris plus ou moins naturels qui les encombrent. Ce nettoyage peut aussi bien être effectué en surface qu'entre "deux eaux".Another object of the invention is to clean the coastal areas using a floating dam in order to remove all the more or less natural debris that clogs them. This cleaning can be carried out both on the surface and between "two waters".
A cet effet, la présente invention concerne 5 un barrage flottant continu du type comportant :To this end, the present invention relates to a continuous floating dam of the type comprising:
. une partie partiellement émergée de forme globalement triangulaire présentant une arête basse immergée et deux arêtes supérieures délimitant une face supérieure émergée,. a partially emerged part of generally triangular shape having a submerged lower edge and two upper edges delimiting an emerged upper face,
10 . une partie immergée essentiellement constituée par une jupe lestée s'étendant sensiblement à l'aplomb de la partie partiellement émergée, ledit barrage étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre :10. a submerged part essentially constituted by a weighted skirt extending substantially in line with the partially emerged part, said dam being characterized in that it further comprises:
15 . au moins deux moyens de lestage distincts placés d'une part au niveau de l'arête basse immergée et, d'autre part, à une extrémité inférieure de la jupe,15. at least two separate ballasting means placed on the one hand at the level of the submerged low ridge and, on the other hand, at a lower end of the skirt,
. des moyens formant armature placés selon chacune des deux arêtes supérieures émergées, ces moyens. means forming an armature placed along each of the two emerged upper edges, these means
20 étant en outre adaptés pour conformer ces arêtes supérieures,20 being further adapted to conform these upper edges,
. des moyens de préhension adaptés pour permettre la mise à l'eau et le contrôle directionnel du barrage.. gripping means adapted to allow launching and directional control of the dam.
25 Avantageusement, le flotteur du barrage selon l'invention présente une section sensiblement triangulaire. Une des arêtes est immergée, les deux autres sont émergées et présentent entre elles une surface formant la partie supérieure du barrage. Cette partieAdvantageously, the float of the dam according to the invention has a substantially triangular section. One of the edges is submerged, the other two have emerged and have between them a surface forming the upper part of the dam. This part
30 triangulaire, dont le positionnement est maintenu grâce aux lests présents à la partie inférieure de la partie partiellement émergée et à la partie inférieure de la jupe, permet de confiner aisément les produits polluants. La f hauteur de ce barrage est en effet suffisante pour contenir30 triangular, whose positioning is maintained thanks to the weights present in the lower part of the partially emerged part and in the lower part of the skirt, makes it possible to easily confine polluting products. The height of this dam is indeed sufficient to contain
35 les produits polluants même par mer forte. Il n'y a pas de risque non plus que la jupe ne se déploie pas en dessous de la partie partiellement émergée et, de ce fait, n'agisse pas en profondeur puisqu'elle est lestée, et que sa souplesse et sa résistance mécanique sont contrôlées.35 polluting products even in heavy seas. There is also no risk that the skirt does not deploy below the partially emerged part and, therefore, does not act in depth since it is weighted, and that its flexibility and its mechanical resistance are controlled.
Avantageusement, la réalisation du barrage flottant selon l'invention permet, en enfermant dans la partie partiellement émergée un élément de flottaison et un lest, d'assurer une cohérence parfaite du barrage. On évite ainsi des séparations intempestives des différents éléments constituant le barrage, qui conduiraient à des fuites de produits polluants et donc à une moindre efficacité.Advantageously, the production of the floating dam according to the invention makes it possible, by enclosing in the partially emerged part a flotation element and a ballast, to ensure perfect consistency of the dam. This avoids untimely separations of the various elements constituting the dam, which would lead to leaks of pollutants and therefore to lower efficiency.
De plus, l'ensemble du barrage flottant peut être détruit après utilisation.In addition, the entire floating dam can be destroyed after use.
On notera que des moyens d'armatures sont prévus au niveau de chacune des arêtes émergées. On renforce ainsi la structure de la partie partiellement émergée et en même temps on assure une forme adéquate à chacune de ces deux arêtes. Par là même, on amoindrit la prise aux vents de cette partie. On évite ainsi que la partie partiellement émergée ne se couche sur la mer et ne remplisse plus son rôle de rétention des produits polluants. La présente invention concerne également un barrage flottant continu dont la partie partiellement émergée est compartimentée selon toute sa longueur.It will be noted that reinforcing means are provided at each of the emerged edges. This reinforces the structure of the partially emerged part and at the same time ensures an adequate shape for each of these two edges. In this way, we reduce the hold on the winds of this part. This prevents the partially emerged part from lying on the sea and no longer fulfilling its role of retaining polluting products. The present invention also relates to a continuous floating dam, the partially emerged part of which is compartmentalized along its entire length.
Avantageusement, l'élément de flottaison peut être de l'air, mais il peut aussi être une matière synthétique de faible densité, par exemple une mousse de polyurethane... Lorsque la partie partiellement émergée est compartimentée, l'élément de flottaison peut également ne pas être le même d'une extrémité à l'autre du barrage. Ainsi, le barrage peut être constitué d'une pluralité de compartiments air/matière synthétique en alternance, régulièrement espacés ou non.Advantageously, the flotation element can be air, but it can also be a low density synthetic material, for example a polyurethane foam. When the partially emerged part is compartmentalized, the flotation element can also not be the same from one end to the other of the dam. Thus, the dam can be made up of a plurality of alternating air / synthetic compartments, regularly spaced or not.
La présente invention concerne également un procédé de réalisation d'un barrage flottant caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à : - dérouler simultanément et en continu deux bandes de film plastique étanche aux produits polluants et à l'eau, chacune de ces bandes étant enroulée sur une bobine, de telle manière que chaque bande, une fois déroulée, soit parallèle à l'autre,The present invention also relates to a method for producing a floating dam, characterized in that it consists in: - unrolling simultaneously and continuously two strips of plastic film impermeable to pollutants and to water, each of these strips being wound up on a reel, so that each strip, once run, either parallel to each other,
- réaliser en continu une première soudure entre des parties inférieures des deux bandes afin d'obtenir deux bords relevés se faisant face, - déposer en continu sur la première soudure un moyen de lestage,- continuously make a first weld between the lower parts of the two strips in order to obtain two raised edges facing each other, - continuously deposit a ballast means on the first weld,
- réaliser une seconde soudure des deux bords des films l'un contre l'autre selon une ligne intermédiaire située au-dessus du moyen de lestage, - mettre en place de façon adjacente à cette seconde soudure un second moyen de lestage,- carry out a second welding of the two edges of the films against one another along an intermediate line situated above the ballasting means, - put in place adjacent to this second welding a second ballasting means,
- mettre en place un élément de flottaison entre les deux bords relevés, et- set up a flotation element between the two raised edges, and
- mettre en place un moyen d'armature sur chaque film plastique, à equidistance de l'extrémité des bords de ces films,- set up a reinforcing means on each plastic film, equidistant from the end of the edges of these films,
- réaliser simultanément, à la mise en place de l'élément de flottaison, en continu, une troisième soudure à la partie supérieure de chacun des bords des films, tout en emprisonnant dans cette soudure un moyen de préhension.- Carry out simultaneously, when the flotation element is put in place, continuously, a third weld at the upper part of each of the edges of the films, while trapping a gripping means in this weld.
Ainsi, le barrage flottant selon l'invention est essentiellement réalisé par l'emprisonnement, entre deux bandes de film plastique continues, de moyens de lestage, de moyens d'armature, de moyens de préhension et d'élément de flottaison.Thus, the floating boom according to the invention is essentially produced by the imprisonment, between two strips of continuous plastic film, of ballasting means, reinforcing means, gripping means and flotation element.
La présente invention concerne encore une unité de fabrication d'un barrage flottant caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte successivement : - des moyens de stockage et de guidage de lests,The present invention also relates to a unit for manufacturing a floating dam, characterized in that it successively comprises: - means for storing and guiding ballasts,
- des moyens de stockage et de guidage de câbles d'armature,- means for storing and guiding reinforcing cables,
- des moyens de stockage et de guidage de câbles de préhension,- means for storing and guiding gripping cables,
- au moins deux bobines sur lesquelles sont enroulées deux bandes continues de film plastique,- at least two reels on which two continuous strips of plastic film are wound,
- des moyens de transport et de déroulement des bandes continues, du lest, des câbles d'armature et de préhension,- means of transport and procedure continuous strips, ballast, reinforcing and gripping cables,
— des moyens de soudure des parties inférieures de chaque bande, afin de constituer une première soudure entre deux bords relevés se faisant face ainsi solidarisés à leur partie inférieure,Means for welding the lower parts of each strip, in order to constitute a first weld between two raised edges facing each other, thus joined to their lower part,
— des moyens de pose du lest sur la première soudure inférieure réalisée,Means for laying the ballast on the first lower weld produced,
— des moyens de soudure des deux bords selon une ligne intermédiaire située au-dessus du lest pour réaliser une seconde soudure,Means for welding the two edges along an intermediate line situated above the ballast to make a second weld,
— des moyens de stockage des éléments de flottaison destinés à être placés dans la partie partiellement émergée, — des moyens d'amenée de 1'élément de flottaison au-dessus de la seconde soudure et entre les deux bords des films,- means for storing the flotation elements intended to be placed in the partially emerged part, - means for bringing the flotation element above the second weld and between the two edges of the films,
— des moyens de pose du lest de façon adjacente à la seconde soudure, — des moyens de soudure des moyens d'armature sur chacun des films,Means for laying down the ballast adjacent to the second weld, means for welding the reinforcing means on each of the films,
— des moyens de soudure selon une troisième soudure des deux bords à leur partie supérieure tout en emprisonnant entre ces deux bords un moyen de préhension, pour créer une partie partiellement émergée fermée et étanche.- Welding means according to a third weld of the two edges at their upper part while trapping between these two edges a gripping means, to create a partially emerged part closed and sealed.
Une telle unité, destinée à fabriquer le barrage selon l'invention, met en oeuvre des moyens de faible volume et n'utilise pas de dispositif complexe. Elle est donc facile à réaliser et à entretenir. Cette unité peut être embarquée sur un navire, un camion ou à demeure dans un bâtiment à terre. Son maniement demeure simple et peut être entièrement automatisé. Ainsi, la production du barrage flottant selon 1'invention peut être réalisée sur les lieux mêmes où il sera utilisé.Such a unit, intended for manufacturing the dam according to the invention, uses means of small volume and does not use any complex device. It is therefore easy to make and maintain. This unit can be loaded on a ship, a truck or permanently in a shore building. Its handling remains simple and can be fully automated. Thus, the production of the floating dam according to the invention can be carried out on the very places where it will be used.
La présente invention concerne enfin une embarcation marine adaptée pour déposer de façon autonome et automatique un tel barrage flottant. A cet effet, cette embarcation comporte une unité de fabrication telle que ci- dessus décrite.The present invention finally relates to a marine craft suitable for depositing such a floating boom independently and automatically. To this end, this boat has a manufacturing unit as described above.
Une telle embarcation permet de réaliser en continu, sur les lieux mêmes de la marée noire ou de la pollution, un barrage flottant adapté pour contenir les produits polluants dans un périmètre circonscrit. En outre, comme cette embarcation est autonome et automatique, et qu'elle est téléguidée, elle n'est pas liée au sort du navire dont l'avarie a provoqué la marée noire ou la pollution. Ainsi, la lutte contre l'extension et la propagation de la marée noire peut être menée même si le navire à l'origine de la pollution est gravement endommagé.Such a boat makes it possible to continuously carry out, on the very site of the oil spill or of pollution, a floating dam adapted to contain polluting products within a circumscribed perimeter. In addition, as this boat is autonomous and automatic, and because it is remote-controlled, it is not linked to the fate of the ship whose damage caused the oil spill or the pollution. Thus, the fight against the spread and spread of the oil spill can be carried out even if the polluting vessel is badly damaged.
Avantageusement, une telle embarcation permet de mettre en place un barrage flottant de protection dès le début de l'avarie, c'est-à-dire avant même que la marée noire ne se répande sur une grande surface. En effet, cette embarcation peut être embarquée sur chaque navire "à risque" et être mise à l'eau dès qu'une avarie apparaît ou menace de le faire. L'embarcation est carénée et conçue de façon à permettre le fonctionnement autonome et automatique de l'unité de fabrication qu'elle transporte. A cet effet, elle est étanche, semi-submersible et très stable. Avantageusement, cette embarcation est manoeuvrable à distance par téléguidage depuis le navire endommagé, ou depuis un quelconque autre bâtiment.Advantageously, such a boat makes it possible to set up a floating protective dam from the start of the damage, that is to say even before the oil spill spreads over a large area. Indeed, this boat can be loaded on each "at risk" vessel and be launched as soon as damage occurs or threatens to do so. The boat is streamlined and designed to allow the automatic and automatic operation of the manufacturing unit it transports. For this purpose, it is waterproof, semi-submersible and very stable. Advantageously, this boat can be operated remotely by remote control from the damaged ship, or from any other vessel.
L'unité de fabrication transportée est en outre conçue pour pouvoir supporter une forte gîte sans que cela ne perturbe la fabrication du barrage flottant. D'autres objets, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui suit, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :The transported manufacturing unit is also designed to be able to withstand a high heel without this disturbing the manufacture of the floating boom. Other objects, characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe transversale d'un barrage flottant continu selon l'invention,FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view in cross section of a continuous floating dam according to the invention,
- la figure 2 est une vue de dessous, schématique, en perspective d'une première embarcation destinée à supporter une unité de fabrication de barrage continu selon l'invention,- Figure 2 is a schematic bottom view in perspective of a first boat intended to support a continuous dam manufacturing unit according to the invention,
- la figure 3 est une vue schématique en plan d'une seconde embarcation, munie d'une unité de fabrication du barrage flottant continu,FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a second boat, fitted with a unit for manufacturing the continuous floating boom,
- les figures 4 et 5 sont respectivement des vues schématiques en coupe selon les lignes IV—IV et V— V de la figure 3,FIGS. 4 and 5 are respectively schematic sectional views along lines IV — IV and V— V of FIG. 3,
- la figure 6 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale de l'embarcation selon la figure 3,FIG. 6 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of the boat according to FIG. 3,
- la figure 7 est une vue schématique en perspective montrant une variante de barrage flottant continu selon l'invention,FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing a variant of a continuous floating dam according to the invention,
- la figure 8 est une vue schématique en perspective montrant un transporteur à double bande adapté pour réaliser un compartimentage du barrage selon une variante de réalisation de ce barrage flottant,FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view showing a double-band conveyor suitable for compartmentalizing the dam according to an alternative embodiment of this floating dam,
- la figure 9 est une vue schématique en plan, d'une unité de fabrication du barrage représenté à la figure 7.FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of a unit for manufacturing the dam shown in FIG. 7.
Selon le mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 1 , le barrage flottant 10 selon 1'invention se compose de deux parties principales, à savoir une partie partiellement émergée 12 et une partie immergée 13. Un élément de flottaison 14 est contenu à l'intérieur de la partie partiellement émergée 12.According to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the floating boom 10 according to the invention consists of two main parts, namely a partially emerged part 12 and a submerged part 13. A flotation element 14 is contained inside of the partially emerged part 12.
La partie immergée 13 est quant à elle essentiellement constituée par une jupe lestée à sa partie inférieure. L'ensemble du barrage est constitué par deux feuilles de film plastique 15 et 16, soudées ensemble selon une première soudure 17 à leur partie inférieure, une seconde soudure 18 en partie intermédiaire, une troisième soudure 19 à la partie supérieure des deux films. Chacune de ces soudures est étanche à l'eau et aux produits polluants.The submerged part 13 is essentially constituted by a weighted skirt at its lower part. The entire dam is formed by two sheets of plastic film 15 and 16, welded together in a first weld 17 at their lower part, a second weld 18 in the intermediate part, a third weld 19 in the upper part of the two films. Each of these welds is impermeable to water and pollutants.
Un premier moyen de lestage 20, constitué par une pluralité de câbles est placé au-dessus de la première soudure 17.A first ballasting means 20, constituted by a plurality of cables, is placed above the first weld 17.
Un second moyen de lestage 21 , également constitué par une pluralité de câbles, est placé au-dessus de la seconde soudure 18. Chacun de ces câbles 20 et 21 présente une certaine souplesse et un poids défini, de sorte qu'en combinaison leur poids permette un lestage correct, d'une part de la partie partiellement émergée 12 et, d'autre part de la partie immergée 13. Ce lestage ne contrarie cependant pas la souplesse du barrage en lui-même car chacun des câbles garde sa souplesse propre et le fait de placer ensemble plusieurs câbles n'augmente pas de façon notable la rigidité de l'ensemble.A second ballasting means 21, also constituted by a plurality of cables, is placed above the second weld 18. Each of these cables 20 and 21 has a certain flexibility and a defined weight, so that in combination their weight allows a correct ballasting, on the one hand of the partially emerged part 12 and, on the other hand of the submerged part 13. This ballasting does not however adversely affect the flexibility of the dam in itself because each of the cables keeps its own flexibility and placing several cables together does not significantly increase the rigidity of the assembly.
L'élément de flottaison 14 peut être de l'air ou un gaz sous pression ou un corps spongieux, comme par exemple une mousse synthétique solidifiée (par exemple du polyurethane). Avantageusement, une telle mousse présente au moins 10 % de cellules ouvertes afin d'offrir une certaine souplesse. Les films plastiques 15 et 16 sont étanches aux produits polluants et sont par exemple constitués en un matériau composite présentant une bonne résistance à la traction et à la déchirure. De même, ces films présentent une grande souplesse et une facilité de soudure à basse température (de l'ordre de 130° C). Par exemple, ces films sont réalisés en un film polyester contrecollé sur un film de polyurethane. Le film polyester est destiné à être en contact avec l'eau, l'air et les produits polluants, tandis que le film polyurethane est placé à l'intérieur du barrage.The flotation element 14 can be air or a pressurized gas or a spongy body, such as for example a solidified synthetic foam (for example polyurethane). Advantageously, such a foam has at least 10% of open cells in order to offer a certain flexibility. The plastic films 15 and 16 are impermeable to pollutants and are for example made of a composite material having good tensile and tear strength. Likewise, these films have great flexibility and ease of welding at low temperature (of the order of 130 ° C.). For example, these films are made of a polyester film laminated to a polyurethane film. The polyester film is intended to be in contact with water, air and pollutants, while the polyurethane film is placed inside the dam.
L'élément de flottaison 14 est ainsi enfermé dans ces films plastiques qui l'enveloppe.The buoyancy element 14 is thus enclosed in these plastic films which envelop it.
Il est à noter que les termes inférieurs, supérieurs, verticaux, etc... sont utilisés en référence aux dessins. Bien entendu, il est évident qu'un tel barrage, destiné à être mis en place sur la mer, bouge et se déforme en fonction des mouvements de celle-ci et que les termes inférieurs, supérieurs, verticaux... ne sont parfois plus appropriés.It should be noted that the terms lower, upper, vertical, etc. are used with reference to the drawings. Of course, it is obvious that such a dam, intended to be set up on the sea, moves and deforms according to the movements thereof and that the lower, upper, vertical terms ... are not sometimes more appropriate.
La partie partiellement émergée 12 présente une forme sensiblement triangulaire, une arête inférieure 22 étant immergée et les arêtes supérieures 23 et 24 formant entre elles une surface supérieure émergée. Il est à noter que cette forme triangulaire idéale n'est pas atteinte en réalité, car l'élément de flottaison déforme ce triangle, de sorte qu'en réalité la partie émergée est rarement strictement telle que représentée à la igure 1. The partially emerged part 12 has a substantially triangular shape, a lower edge 22 being immersed and the upper edges 23 and 24 forming between them an emerged upper surface. It should be noted that this ideal triangular shape is not actually achieved, because the buoyancy element deforms this triangle, so that in reality the emerged part is rarely strictly as shown in Figure 1.
Des moyens d'armatures se présentant sous la forme de deux câbles plats 25 sont soudés à l'intérieur de la partie partiellement émergée à égale distance de 1'extrémité supérieure des films 15 et 16. Le niveau de la mer a été matérialisé de manière arbitraire par le repère N, figure 1.Reinforcement means in the form of two flat cables 25 are welded inside the partially emerged part at equal distance from the upper end of the films 15 and 16. The sea level has been materialized so arbitrary by the frame N, Figure 1.
Un moyen de préhension 26, également constitué par un câble est inséré et emprisonné au niveau de la troisième soudure 19 entre les deux films plastiques 15 et 16.A gripping means 26, also consisting of a cable, is inserted and trapped at the third weld 19 between the two plastic films 15 and 16.
La partie des films plastiques 15 et 16 comprise entre la première et la seconde soudures constitue une jupe 27. Cette jupe est maintenue sensiblement à l'aplomb de la partie partiellement émergée (en l'absence de courant) par la présence du premier moyen de lestage 20. Cette jupe forme ainsi une enceinte étanche, à l'intérieur de laquelle est présent le premier moyen de lestage 20. Cette enceinte peut cependant recevoir également différents éléments ou conduites destinés à transporter des produits de lutte anti—pollution.The part of the plastic films 15 and 16 comprised between the first and the second welds constitutes a skirt 27. This skirt is kept substantially perpendicular to the partially emerged part (in the absence of current) by the presence of the first means of ballasting 20. This skirt thus forms a sealed enclosure, inside which is the first ballasting means 20. This enclosure can however also receive various elements or pipes intended for transporting anti-pollution products.
La zone intermédiaire de la seconde soudure 18 délimite la séparation entre la partie partiellement émergée 12 et la partie immergée 13.The intermediate zone of the second weld 18 delimits the separation between the partially emerged part 12 and the submerged part 13.
De préférence, la hauteur de la partie réellement émergée est de l'ordre de 0,75 m et la hauteur de la jupe de l'ordre d'un mètre.Preferably, the height of the part actually emerged is of the order of 0.75 m and the height of the skirt of the order of one meter.
L'embarcation destinée à transporter l'unité de fabrication du barrage est schématiquement représentée à la figure 2 sous une première forme de réalisation et aux figures 3 à 6 sous une seconde forme de réalisation. La figure 2 représente l'embarcation vue du dessous. On notera que cette embarcation comporte une double quille. Cette embarcation est téléguidée ou télécommandée et est semi-submersible. Elle présente la particularité d'avoir, à cet effet, deux moteurs directionnels (m, M) (un sur chaque coque), lui permettant de se diriger à petite vitesse lorsqu'elle produit un barrage continu selon l'invention, et un moteur central (Me) lui permettant une propulsion axiale rapide pour se déplacer rapidement vers la zone sinistrée. Bien entendu, le barrage continu n'est pas produit lorsque l'embarcation est à grande vitesse. Dans ce type d'embarcation, les éléments nécessaires à la réalisation du barrage, tels que le lest, les câbles, les bobines de films, les produits destinés à réaliser l'élément de flottaison, sont répartis dans chacune des quilles de manière à ne pas déséquilibrer l'embarcation.The boat intended to transport the dam manufacturing unit is schematically shown in Figure 2 in a first embodiment and in Figures 3 to 6 in a second embodiment. Figure 2 shows the boat seen from below. Note that this boat has a double keel. This boat is remote-controlled or remote-controlled and is semi-submersible. It has the particularity of having, for this purpose, two directional motors (m, M) (one on each hull), allowing it to steer at low speed when it produces a continuous barrage according to the invention, and a motor central (Me) allowing it a rapid axial propulsion to move quickly towards the disaster area. Of course, the continuous barrage is not produced when the boat is at high speed. In this type of boat, the elements necessary for the construction of the dam, such as ballast, cables, film reels, products intended to make the flotation element, are distributed in each of the keels so as not to not unbalance the boat.
L'embarcation pourrait également être du type à catamaran et non plus à double quille, ceci toujours en vue d'assurer une grande stabilité de l'ensemble sur la mer. D'ailleurs, à titre d'exemple, l'unité de fabrication permettant la réalisation du barrage selon l'invention a été représentée aux figures 3 à 6, sur une embarcation de type catamaran. Cette même unité de fabrication pourrait tout aussi bien être à terre ou sur un véhicule terrestre ou sur un bateau non exclusivement réservé à cet usage.The boat could also be of the catamaran type and no longer of double keel, this always with a view to ensuring great stability of the assembly on the sea. Moreover, by way of example, the manufacturing unit allowing the construction of the dam according to the invention has been shown in Figures 3 to 6, on a catamaran type boat. This same manufacturing unit could just as easily be on land or on a land vehicle or on a boat not exclusively reserved for this use.
On notera que, dans le cas où l'embarcation est du type catamaran (figures 3 à 6), l'unité de fabrication du barrage est supportée par une structure porteuse 61 solidaire de deux flotteurs longitudinaux 60.It will be noted that, in the case where the boat is of the catamaran type (FIGS. 3 to 6), the dam manufacturing unit is supported by a support structure 61 secured to two longitudinal floats 60.
Ces flotteurs sont pourvus de ballasts et de conduites 62 contrôlant la répartition de l'eau entre chacun des flotteurs. Ceci permet d'assurer une grande stabilité à 1'embarcation et permet de contrôler tout déséquilibre lors du déstockage des matériaux utilisés pour la réalisation du barrage continu. Cette embarcation du type catamaran comporte, outre des dispositifs de propulsion (m. M, Me) et de téléguidage connus (non représentés), une unité de fabrication du barrage flottant selon l'invention.These floats are provided with ballasts and pipes 62 controlling the distribution of water between each of the floats. This ensures great stability to the boat and makes it possible to control any imbalance during the destocking of the materials used for the production of the continuous boom. This catamaran type boat comprises, in addition to known propulsion (m. M, Me) and remote control devices (not shown), a production unit for the floating boom according to the invention.
On trouve tout d'abord, dans cette unité, une pluralité de bobines 28 dont l'axe de rotation (figure 3) est horizontal et sur lesquelles sont enroulés les câbles de lestage 20 et 21.First of all, there is in this unit, a plurality of coils 28 whose axis of rotation (FIG. 3) is horizontal and on which the ballast cables 20 and 21 are wound.
Les câbles 20 et 21 sont guidés par un système à galets 29 vers la proue 30 de l'embarcation. Deux bobines 31, dont l'axe de rotation 32 est sensiblement vertical, supportent chacune une bande de film plastique composite (polyester et polyurethane) 15, 16 entraînée vers la poupe 33 de l'embarcation par un système de guidage à galets 34. Chaque bande de film plastique continue est ainsi déroulée parallèlement à l'autre selon un plan sensiblement vertical (en l'absence de toute agitation de la mer) .The cables 20 and 21 are guided by a roller system 29 to the bow 30 of the boat. Two reels 31, the axis of rotation 32 of which is substantially vertical, each support a strip of composite plastic film (polyester and polyurethane) 15, 16 driven towards the stern 33 of the boat by a roller guide system 34. Each continuous plastic film strip is thus unwound parallel to each other in a substantially vertical plane (in the absence of any agitation of the sea).
La partie inférieure de chacune des bandes est soudée 17 par un dispositif de soudure 35 (réalisant une thermo-soudure à basse température (de l'ordre de 130° C) . Cette soudure est réalisée en amenant des éléments chauffants contre la partie en polyester de chacun des films composites. On amène ainsi les deux films composites en contact. De ce fait, les deux films de polyurethane interne se touchent. Portés à environ 130° C, ces films de polyurethane fondent et se soudent l'un à l'autre. Les films de polyester, quant à eux, ne fondent qu'aux environs de 400 à 500° C. Il n'y a donc aucun risque, en soudant à 130° C, de provoquer la fonte de ces films polyester. Avantageusement, on évite ainsi que les éléments chauffants réalisant la soudure ne soient salis par la fonte des films. En effet, ces éléments chauffants ne sont en contact qu'avec les films de polyester. Comme on le voit sur la figure 1 , on réalise ainsi une enceinte étanche, présentant une première soudure inférieure 17 et deux bords relevés se faisant face. Le premier moyen de lest 20 est alors déposé sur cette soudure inférieure. On effectue alors une seconde thermosoudureThe lower part of each of the bands is welded 17 by a welding device 35 (performing a low temperature heat seal (of the order of 130 ° C.). This welding is carried out by bringing heating elements against the polyester part. of each of the composite films. This brings the two composite films into contact. As a result, the two internal polyurethane films touch. Brought to about 130 ° C., these polyurethane films melt and weld one to the other. The polyester films, on the other hand, only melt at around 400 to 500 ° C. There is therefore no risk, by welding at 130 ° C., of causing these polyester films to melt. , this prevents the heating elements carrying out the welding from being soiled by the melting of the films. In fact, these heating elements are only in contact with the polyester films. Figure 1, there is thus produced a sealed enclosure, having a first lower weld 17 and two raised edges facing each other. The first ballast means 20 is then deposited on this lower weld. We then perform a second heat seal
18 selon une zone intermédiaire (figure 1). Les câbles d'armatures 25 sont mis en place par soudure sur les films de polyurethane et de manière équidistante des bords supérieurs de chacun des films. On écarte ensuite les deux bords de chacun de ces films au-dessus de la ligne intermédiaire afin de créer un espace libre et on fait pénétrer dans cet espace une tête d'injection 36 (figure 3).18 according to an intermediate zone (Figure 1). The reinforcing cables 25 are placed by welding on the polyurethane films and equidistant from the upper edges of each of the films. The two edges of each of these films are then spread apart above the intermediate line in order to create a free space and an injection head 36 is made to enter this space (FIG. 3).
L'unité de fabrication du barrage selon l'invention comporte un certain nombre de réservoirs (non représentés) contenant différents éléments de flottaison.The dam manufacturing unit according to the invention comprises a number of tanks (not shown) containing different flotation elements.
En effet, plusieurs types d'éléments de flottaison peuvent être injectés par le dispositif d'injection 36. On peut, dans le cas où c'est de l'air qui est injecté, utiliser en tant que dispositif d'injection 36 un simple compresseur. Dans le cas où l'élément de flottaison est l'air, le stockage des produits à injecter est bien sûr inutile.Indeed, several types of flotation elements can be injected by the injection device 36. It is possible, in the case where it is air which is injected, to use as injection device 36 a simple compressor. In the case where the flotation element is air, storage of the products to be injected is of course unnecessary.
Dans le cas où 1'élément de flottaison est une mousse de polyurethane, la tête d'injection 36 effectue le mélange entre un catalyseur utilisé comme durcissant, un isocyanate et un polyol.In the case where the buoyancy element is a polyurethane foam, the injection head 36 performs the mixing between a catalyst used as hardener, an isocyanate and a polyol.
Lorsque les différents composants sont mélangés, ils sont injectés dans l'espace libre entre les bords de l'enveloppe.When the different components are mixed, they are injected into the free space between the edges of the envelope.
De préférence, une surpression est réalisée dans cet espace libre et la buse d'injection (non représentée) est dirigée vers l'aval de l'unité de fabrication. Ainsi, la matière n'a pas tendance à venir obstruer ou boucher la tête d'injection ou les dispositifs placés en amont de celle-ci. La surpression ainsi créée favorise le déplacement vers la poupe 33 du barrage. Les parties supérieures de chacun des bords relevés sont ensuite rabattues l'une vers l'autre. On amène, en même temps, le moyen de préhension 26 entre ces deux bords que l'on soude l'un à l'autre selon une troisième soudure.Preferably, an overpressure is produced in this free space and the injection nozzle (not shown) is directed downstream of the manufacturing unit. Thus, the material does not tend to obstruct or block the injection head or the devices placed upstream of it. The overpressure thus created promotes displacement towards the stern 33 of the dam. The upper parts of each of the raised edges are then folded back towards each other. It brings, at the same time, the gripping means 26 between these two edges which are welded to each other in a third weld.
La matière liquide à prise rapide injectée a tendance à se solidifier progressivement, en passant par un état mousseux et produit une réaction exothermique. La partie partiellement émergée prend alors sa forme sensiblement triangulaire grâce aux moyens d'armature 25 et de préhension 26. II est à noter que, durant cette solidification de la mousse (ou élément spongieux), la matière liquide adhère fortement aux parois des films plastiques 15 et 16 qui l'entourent. Ceci assure une cohésion efficace entre 1'élément de flottaison et les films plastiques.The injected fast setting liquid material tends to solidify gradually, passing through a frothy state and produces an exothermic reaction. The partially emerged part then takes its substantially triangular shape thanks to the armature 25 and gripping means 26. It should be noted that, during this solidification of the foam (or spongy element), the liquid material strongly adheres to the walls of the plastic films. 15 and 16 surrounding it. This ensures effective cohesion between the buoyancy element and the plastic films.
De manière à bien maîtriser le temps de solidification de la matière liquide, une unité de climatisation peut entourer le barrage après injection de la matière liquide. Cette unité de climatisation est adaptée pour conditionner l'air ambiant à une température de l'ordre de 21° C et à un degré d'hygrométrie de l'ordre de 70 %. Ces conditions permettent une solidification correcte et homogène de la matière liquide à prise rapide.In order to properly control the solidification time of the liquid material, an air conditioning unit can surround the dam after injection of the liquid material. This air conditioning unit is suitable for conditioning the ambient air to a temperature of the order of 21 ° C. and to a degree of hygrometry of the order of 70%. These conditions allow a correct and homogeneous solidification of the fast-setting liquid material.
On notera que l'unité de fabrication selon l'invention utilise un volume de stockage faible. Dans le cas d'un élément de flottaison en mousse de polyurethane, les produits liquides à mélanger ne tiennent que peu de place, alors que la mousse résultant de leur mélange occupe un grand volume. Le début du barrage est fixé à une ancre flottante qui a pour but de le maintenir à la surface de l'eau. Pour ce faire, le moyen de préhension 26 est fixé à l'ancre. Le barrage est ensuite produit sur place à partir de 1'embarcation. On conçoit facilement qu'en télécommandant l'embarcation selon l'invention ainsi que la tête du barrage déposée en mer, on peut circonscrire une nappe de pétrole à sa naissance même. Ainsi, dès qu'une nappe de pétrole est en formation, le navire à l'origine de cette nappe met à l'eau l'embarcation selon l'invention, en la téléguidant depuis le bord du navire. L'embarcation selon l'invention constitue ainsi un moyen de lutte rapide et efficace contre une pollution pétrolière, et est donc simplement un système de sécurité embarqué.Note that the manufacturing unit according to the invention uses a low storage volume. In the case of a floatation element made of polyurethane foam, the liquid products to be mixed take up little space, while the foam resulting from their mixing occupies a large volume. The start of the dam is attached to a floating anchor which aims to keep it on the surface of the water. To do this, the gripping means 26 is fixed to the anchor. The dam is then produced on site from the boat. It is easy to see that by remotely controlling the boat according to the invention as well as the head of the dam deposited at sea, one can circumscribe an oil slick at its very birth. Thus, as soon as an oil slick is in formation, the ship at the origin of this slick launches the boat according to the invention, by remote control from the edge of the ship. The boat according to the invention thus constitutes a means of rapid and effective fight against oil pollution, and is therefore simply an on-board security system.
Il est à noter que le barrage flottant selon l'invention est adapté pour retenir à la surface de l'eau tout produit et non uniquement une nappe de pétrole. Il peut, en effet, s'agir de toute pollution ou objet marin. Un tel barrage est, par exemple, adapté pour être tiré par un bateau pour "ratisser" l'eau en bordure des plages et ainsi la nettoyer.It should be noted that the floating dam according to the invention is suitable for retaining any product on the surface of the water and not only an oil slick. It can, in fact, be any pollution or marine object. Such a dam is, for example, adapted to be pulled by a boat to "rake" the water at the edge of the beaches and thus clean it.
Le barrage réalisé est un barrage continu et non pas constitué d'éléments juxtaposés, ce qui réduit les possibilités de fuite.The dam built is a continuous dam and not made up of juxtaposed elements, which reduces the possibilities of escape.
De même, le barrage selon l'invention peut être lesté par une pluralité de câbles quelconques, et notamment par des câbles servant de conduite pour des produits s'attaquant aux nappes de pétrole, ou à toute autre pollution.Likewise, the dam according to the invention can be ballasted with any plurality of cables, and in particular by cables serving as a conduit for products attacking oil spills, or any other pollution.
En variante, le barrage selon l'invention est également adapté pour jouer le rôle d'un réservoir. Le pétrole ou tout autre produit polluant est alors pompé directement dans ce réservoir. De même, le pétrole contenu par le barrage peut être traité en vue de sa destruction par tous moyens appropriés (ensemencement par bactéries, émulsionnants, dispersants, gélifiants...).Alternatively, the dam according to the invention is also adapted to play the role of a reservoir. Oil or any other polluting product is then pumped directly into this tank. Likewise, the oil contained by the dam can be treated with a view to its destruction by any appropriate means (seeding with bacteria, emulsifiers, dispersants, gelling agents, etc.).
Il est encore à noter qu'une fois utilisé, un tel barrage peut être incinéré, détruit ou réemployé pour des protections côtières de zones portuaires, pisciculture, etc.. L'ensemble de l'unité de fabrication est étanche à l'eau, notamment lorsque cette unité est embarquée ou est une embarcation autonome et automatique.It should also be noted that once used, such a dam can be incinerated, destroyed or re-used for coastal protection in port areas, fish farming, etc. The entire manufacturing unit is waterproof, especially when this unit is on board or is an autonomous and automatic boat.
On notera, en variante, qu'au lieu de réaliser un barrage dont la partie partiellement émergée 12 consiste en un seul compartiment de la longueur du barrage, on peut compartimenter cette partie partiellement émergéeIt will be noted, as a variant, that instead of make a dam whose partially emerged part 12 consists of a single compartment the length of the dam, this partially emerged part can be compartmentalized
(figure 7) . On forme ainsi une suite de compartiments(figure 7). We thus form a series of compartments
50 totalement étanches et hermétiques séparés chacun les uns des autres par une quatrième soudure 51 s'étendant selon toute la hauteur de la partie partiellement émergée50 completely sealed and hermetic, each separated from each other by a fourth weld 51 extending along the entire height of the partially emerged part
12 entre la seconde et la troisième soudure. Cette quatrième soudure est obtenue par pincement et chauffage des deux films 15 et 16 selon toute la hauteur de la partie partiellement émergée.12 between the second and the third weld. This fourth weld is obtained by pinching and heating the two films 15 and 16 along the entire height of the partially emerged part.
Cette soudure peut être de faible largeur comme sur l'exemple représenté (figures 7 et 8) ou peut s'étendre sur une grande largeur. Dans ce cas, on obtient des compartiments séparés par de grandes parties plates 51.This weld may be of small width as in the example shown (Figures 7 and 8) or may extend over a large width. In this case, compartments separated by large flat parts 51 are obtained.
De préférence, lorsqu'on réalise des compartiments 50, on place les câbles de lestage 21 dans la seconde soudure 18 et les moyens d'armatures 25 sont constitués par des pliures 25' . Ces pliures sont réalisées à equidistance de chacun des bords supérieurs des films 15 et 16. Un tel mode de réalisation permet de réaliser une quatrième soudure 51 selon toute la hauteur de la partie semi—émergée, sans qu'aucun câble ne vienne provoquer des risques de fuite le long de la quatrième soudure. On assure ainsi une étanchéité correcte pour chacun des compartiments.Preferably, when compartments 50 are produced, the ballast cables 21 are placed in the second weld 18 and the reinforcing means 25 are formed by folds 25 '. These folds are made equidistant from each of the upper edges of the films 15 and 16. Such an embodiment makes it possible to produce a fourth weld 51 along the entire height of the semi-emerged part, without any cable coming to cause risks. leakage along the fourth weld. This ensures correct sealing for each of the compartments.
Pour réaliser un tel compartimentage, on utilise un double transporteur à bande 80 (figures 8 et 9). Chaque transporteur 80 présente une bande 81 entraînée en rotation entre deux tambours rotatifs 83. Chaque bande 81 est en contact avec la jupe 27 du barrage et entraîne le barrage selon la flèche F (figure 9). Chaque bande 81 porte des éléments chauffants 82. Ces éléments 82 sont disposés de telle sorte qu'ils enserrent deux à deux (figure 8) les films 15 et 16 et assurent la réalisation de la quatrième soudure 51 sur toute la hauteur de la partie partiellement émergée 12. La figure 9 montre une unité de fabrication du barrage compartimentée selon l'invention.To achieve such compartmentalization, a double conveyor belt 80 is used (Figures 8 and 9). Each conveyor 80 has a band 81 rotated between two rotary drums 83. Each band 81 is in contact with the skirt 27 of the barrier and drives the barrier according to arrow F (FIG. 9). Each strip 81 carries heating elements 82. These elements 82 are arranged so that they surround two by two (FIG. 8) the films 15 and 16 and ensure the production of the fourth weld 51 over the entire height of the part partially. emerged 12. FIG. 9 shows a unit for manufacturing the compartmentalized dam according to the invention.
Comme précédemment, on y trouve des bobines 31 de films plastiques, des câbles de lestage 20 et 21, une première et une seconde unités de soudure 100, 101 pour la réalisation des première, seconde et troisième soudures 17, 18, 19. On trouve également dans cette unité un dispositif de compression d'air 102 et le transporteur à double bande 80 précédemment décrit. Le barrage réalisé par cette unité est donc constitué d'une pluralité de compartiments 50 gonflés d'air.As before, there are coils 31 of plastic films, ballast cables 20 and 21, first and second welding units 100, 101 for making the first, second and third welds 17, 18, 19. There are also in this unit an air compression device 102 and the double-band conveyor 80 previously described. The dam produced by this unit therefore consists of a plurality of compartments 50 inflated with air.
Tous les compartiments 50 d'un barrage peuvent être remplis d'air, ou de mousse de polyurethane, ou de tout autre élément de flottaison. En variante, on peut encore alterner un compartiment en air avec un compartiment en mousse de polyurethane. L'alternance des matières constituant les éléments de flottaison peut être régulière ou non. En variante, il est encore possible de faire varier pour un élément de flottaison donné sa pression (air) ou sa densité (polyurethane) d'un compartiment sur l'autre. Toute combinaison entre 1'alternance des éléments de flottaison et la variation de la densité ou de la pression de ces éléments est possible.All the compartments 50 of a dam can be filled with air, or polyurethane foam, or any other flotation element. Alternatively, it is also possible to alternate an air compartment with a polyurethane foam compartment. The alternation of the materials constituting the flotation elements may be regular or not. Alternatively, it is still possible to vary for a given flotation element its pressure (air) or its density (polyurethane) from one compartment to the other. Any combination between the alternation of the flotation elements and the variation in the density or pressure of these elements is possible.
On notera enfin que les soudures réalisées le sont toujours de manière étanche. Lors des soudures, ce sont toujours les films de polyurethane qui sont mis en contact puis chauffés à basse température (environ 130° C) pour réaliser les soudures. Les films de polyester sont quant à eux toujours destinés à être en contact avec l'extérieur (air, eau, produits polluants).Finally, it should be noted that the welds produced are always sealed. During the welds, it is always the polyurethane films which are brought into contact and then heated at low temperature (around 130 ° C.) to make the welds. Polyester films are always intended to be in contact with the outside (air, water, pollutants).
En variante, les films 15 et 16 qui constituent la jupe peuvent être soudés l'un à l'autre sur toute leur hauteur, ceci notamment pour éviter la réalisation d'une poche d'air au niveau de la jupe. Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits, et englobe toute variante à la portée de l'homme de l'art. Notamment, la forme triangulaire de l'élément de flottaison peut être plus ou moins adoucie voire modifiée. De même, en variante, le barrage selon 1'invention peut être réalisé à partir d'une seule bande de matière plastique étanche recevant en son milieu le premier moyen de lestage, puis par la suite subissant les mêmes étapes que le procédé ci-dessus décrit. As a variant, the films 15 and 16 which constitute the skirt can be welded to each other over their entire height, this in particular to avoid the creation of an air pocket at the level of the skirt. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described, and encompasses any variant within the reach of ordinary skill in the art. In particular, the triangular shape of the flotation element can be more or less softened or even modified. Similarly, as a variant, the dam according to the invention can be produced from a single strip of waterproof plastic material receiving in its middle the first ballasting means, then subsequently undergoing the same steps as the above method described.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9111715A FR2681622B1 (en) | 1991-09-20 | 1991-09-20 | CONTINUOUS FLOATING DAM, CORRESPONDING METHOD AND MANUFACTURING UNIT, AND BOAT FOR CARRYING OUT SUCH A DAM. |
| FR91/11715 | 1991-09-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1993006308A1 true WO1993006308A1 (en) | 1993-04-01 |
Family
ID=9417212
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR1992/000872 Ceased WO1993006308A1 (en) | 1991-09-20 | 1992-09-17 | Continuous floating boom, fabrication unit and boat for making and setting in place such a boom |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2669592A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2681622B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993006308A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI20060763A0 (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2006-08-25 | Lars Ingram Lundin | oil Contain |
| ITUA20164434A1 (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2017-12-16 | Aquanauta Srl | BARRIER STRUCTURE FOR COASTAL PROTECTION. |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2158710A5 (en) * | 1971-10-29 | 1973-06-15 | Mas Roland | |
| FR2208414A5 (en) * | 1972-11-27 | 1974-06-21 | Kleber Colombes | |
| US3901753A (en) * | 1970-04-02 | 1975-08-26 | Sanera Projecting Ab | Boom and method of manufacturing the same |
| DE2459377A1 (en) * | 1974-12-16 | 1976-06-24 | Clean Water Inc | Inflatable floating boom for containing oil slicks - has inflatable chambers and downwards trailing impermeable curtain and holding features |
| GB1497462A (en) * | 1974-05-14 | 1978-01-12 | Prydz S | Method of and means for producing and laying out oil barriers |
| EP0017786A1 (en) * | 1979-03-21 | 1980-10-29 | Karl Dr. Dietzel | Method to avoid spreading of spilled crude oil over the sea in case of tanker accidents |
| FR2466571A1 (en) * | 1979-09-27 | 1981-04-10 | Trubert Marc | Barrage stopping extension and dispersion of pollutants on the sea - comprises elongated floats connected together and having a flexible continuous undersea sheet suspended from them |
| WO1991007546A1 (en) * | 1989-11-17 | 1991-05-30 | Berg Marine A/S | Floating barrage |
| US5074709A (en) * | 1990-01-29 | 1991-12-24 | Stensland Gary E | Device and method for containing fluid spills |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1243176A (en) * | 1967-09-08 | 1971-08-18 | Uniroyal Ltd | Improvements relating to floating booms |
-
1991
- 1991-09-20 FR FR9111715A patent/FR2681622B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-09-17 WO PCT/FR1992/000872 patent/WO1993006308A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-09-17 AU AU26695/92A patent/AU2669592A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3901753A (en) * | 1970-04-02 | 1975-08-26 | Sanera Projecting Ab | Boom and method of manufacturing the same |
| FR2158710A5 (en) * | 1971-10-29 | 1973-06-15 | Mas Roland | |
| FR2208414A5 (en) * | 1972-11-27 | 1974-06-21 | Kleber Colombes | |
| GB1497462A (en) * | 1974-05-14 | 1978-01-12 | Prydz S | Method of and means for producing and laying out oil barriers |
| DE2459377A1 (en) * | 1974-12-16 | 1976-06-24 | Clean Water Inc | Inflatable floating boom for containing oil slicks - has inflatable chambers and downwards trailing impermeable curtain and holding features |
| EP0017786A1 (en) * | 1979-03-21 | 1980-10-29 | Karl Dr. Dietzel | Method to avoid spreading of spilled crude oil over the sea in case of tanker accidents |
| FR2466571A1 (en) * | 1979-09-27 | 1981-04-10 | Trubert Marc | Barrage stopping extension and dispersion of pollutants on the sea - comprises elongated floats connected together and having a flexible continuous undersea sheet suspended from them |
| WO1991007546A1 (en) * | 1989-11-17 | 1991-05-30 | Berg Marine A/S | Floating barrage |
| US5074709A (en) * | 1990-01-29 | 1991-12-24 | Stensland Gary E | Device and method for containing fluid spills |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2681622A1 (en) | 1993-03-26 |
| FR2681622B1 (en) | 1994-05-27 |
| AU2669592A (en) | 1993-04-27 |
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