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WO1991007870A1 - Automatic liquid distribution system - Google Patents

Automatic liquid distribution system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991007870A1
WO1991007870A1 PCT/FR1990/000869 FR9000869W WO9107870A1 WO 1991007870 A1 WO1991007870 A1 WO 1991007870A1 FR 9000869 W FR9000869 W FR 9000869W WO 9107870 A1 WO9107870 A1 WO 9107870A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
distribution system
liquid distribution
time
container
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FR1990/000869
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French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Lassus
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of WO1991007870A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991007870A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
    • A01G27/003Control of self-acting watering devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an automatic liquid distribution system whose essential use is the watering of potted plants or trees.
  • the originality of the system consists in the use of a principle known for a very long time and applied to the resolution of the problem of automatic distribution of liquid: that of the pipette of the chemists.
  • a pipette When a pipette is immersed in a liquid and its upper end is left open, it fills up to the level of the liquid in which it is immersed. After having blocked the end with the finger in the open air, the pipette can be removed and the liquid does not flow through the opening of its lower part. It will only come out of the pipette if the upper end is brought to atmospheric pressure. A skilled finger limits and measures the output of the liquid from the pipette.
  • Figure 1 shows the recommended system.
  • a hermetically sealed container is provided at its base with a thin hose allowing water to flow, at its upper part with a plug allowing filling and another opening provided with a valve which can be opened or closed. .
  • the opening time must be sufficient (about half a second for a one liter container) for the pressure to balance between the inside and the outside of the container. It will be noted that the quantity of liquid released varies with the height of the liquid and the atmospheric pressure. But the precision is sufficient for the application concerned.
  • the watering speed can also be adjusted by the diameter of the section of the liquid outlet.
  • a sprinkler system intended to be used in a sensitive environment, an apartment for example, in the absence of any surveillance must meet certain criteria:
  • Our system is isolated from the drinking water network, from that of the EDF and distills the desired quantity of liquid, at the desired time, from its various tanks, in flowerpots of any size for optimal watering, without risk of overflow.
  • Our complete system includes an electronic box which controls the frequency and duration of the opening of the solenoid valves and as many solenoid valves as there are bottles or groups of bottles to order. Each of them is connected to the control box by 2 conductive wires, flexible and thin. There is no limit to the number of solenoid valves ordered, as each has its own power supply (a single 1.5 Volt battery).
  • the control of each solenoid valve is done by tension (figure 2).
  • the consumption of each electr ⁇ vai ve is minimal since it only works for half a second at each distribution (daily, every 2.3 ... 8 days ).
  • As for the control box powered by two 1.5 Volt R6 batteries, it works for more than a year without stopping.
  • the invention also allows, using a single valve, various combinations of containers capable of covering all of the liquid distribution needs:
  • the scope of the invention is not limited to watering potted plants but that it is a preferred form. It can for example be used for the distribution of liquid food, or medicines in an aquarium and be used whenever a liquid is to be distributed regularly with a dosage of relative precision.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

An automatic liquid distribution system used principally for watering pot plants. Since it is intended to operate without supervision, it is not connected either to the mains water supply or the mains electricity supply. It runs on three 1.5 volt batteries, and an adequate reserve of water is provided for each pot or group of pots according to the intended period of automatic operation. It operates on the principal of the chemist's pipette. The hermetically sealed container, filled with liquid, has a filling orifice at the top and a valve which can be opened automatically for a few moments at periodic intervals for re-establishing atmospheric pressure within the container in order to release a certain quantity of liquid through an opening in the base. The flow stops as soon as the atmospheric pressure balances that of the water at the flow orifice.

Description

SYSTEME DE DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATIQUE  AUTOMATIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

DE LIQUIDE  LIQUID

L'invention concerne un système de distribution automatique de liquide dont l'utilisation essentielle est l'arrosage des plantes ou arbres en pot. The invention relates to an automatic liquid distribution system whose essential use is the watering of potted plants or trees.

Elle est particulièrement adaptée à leur entretien pendant l'absence plus ou moins prolongée des personnes en ayant la charge ou pour celles souhaitant un arrosage optimum, sans souci, de leurs plantes par exemple des bonsaï.  It is particularly suitable for their maintenance during the more or less prolonged absence of people in charge or for those wishing an optimum watering, without worry, of their plants for example bonsai.

L'originalité du système consiste en l'utilisation d'un principe connu depuis fort longtemps et appliqué à la résolution du problème de distribution automatique de liquide: celui de la pipette des chimistes.  The originality of the system consists in the use of a principle known for a very long time and applied to the resolution of the problem of automatic distribution of liquid: that of the pipette of the chemists.

Lorsqu'une pipette est plongée dans un liquide et que son extrémité supérieure est laissée ouverte, elle se remplie jusqu'au niveau du liquide dans laquelle elle est plongée. Après avoir bouché avec le doigt l'extrémité à l'air libre, on peut retirer la pipette et le liquide ne s'écoule pas par l'ouverture de sa partie in-férieure. Il ne sortira de la pipette que si l'extrémité supér ieure est mise à la pression atmosphér ique. Un doigt habile permet de limiter et de doser la sortie du liquide de la pipette.  When a pipette is immersed in a liquid and its upper end is left open, it fills up to the level of the liquid in which it is immersed. After having blocked the end with the finger in the open air, the pipette can be removed and the liquid does not flow through the opening of its lower part. It will only come out of the pipette if the upper end is brought to atmospheric pressure. A skilled finger limits and measures the output of the liquid from the pipette.

Transposons cette observation à la résolution du problème d'un arrosage automatique de plantes en pot.  Let us transpose this observation to the resolution of the problem of automatic watering of potted plants.

La figure 1 schématise le système préconisé. Un récipient hermétiquement clos est muni à sa base d'un fin tuyau laissant s'écouler l'eau, à sa partie supérieure d'un bouchon permettant le remplissage et d'une autre ouverture munie d'une valve qui peut être ouverte ou fermée.  Figure 1 shows the recommended system. A hermetically sealed container is provided at its base with a thin hose allowing water to flow, at its upper part with a plug allowing filling and another opening provided with a valve which can be opened or closed. .

Remplissons le réservoir d'eau, vissons le bouchon hermétiquement, fermons la valve. L'eau va s'écouler pendant un certain temps puis cesser de couler. Ouvrons un instant la valve. Le liquide va s'écouler à nouveau puis s'arrêter.  Fill the water tank, screw the cap tightly, close the valve. The water will drain for a while and then stop flowing. Let's open the valve for a moment. The liquid will drain again and then stop.

Ainsi, en ouvrant périodiquement la valve, il est possible de libérer une quantité d'eau bien définie. Le temps d'ouverture doit être suffisant (environ une demi seconde pour un récipient d'un litre) pour que la pression s'équilibre entre l'intérieur et l'extérieur du récipient. On notera que la quantité de liquide libérée varie avec la hauteur du liquide et la pression atmosphérique. Mais la précision est suffisante pour l'application concernée. La vitesse d'arrosage peut en outre être réglée par le diamètre de la section de la sortie du liquide.  Thus, by periodically opening the valve, it is possible to release a well-defined amount of water. The opening time must be sufficient (about half a second for a one liter container) for the pressure to balance between the inside and the outside of the container. It will be noted that the quantity of liquid released varies with the height of the liquid and the atmospheric pressure. But the precision is sufficient for the application concerned. The watering speed can also be adjusted by the diameter of the section of the liquid outlet.

Un système d'arrosage destiné à être utilisé dans un milieu sensible, un appartement par exemple, en l'absence de toute surveillance doit répondre à certains critères:  A sprinkler system intended to be used in a sensitive environment, an apartment for example, in the absence of any surveillance must meet certain criteria:

- ne pas être branché sur le réseau d'eau potable pour éviter les inondations possibles;  - not be connected to the drinking water network to avoid possible flooding;

- ne pas être branché sur le réseau EDF; la majorité des personnes isolent leur réseau interne à l'aide du disjoncteur, durant leur absence, par mesure de sécurité; -distribuer la quantité nécessaire et suffisante d'eau par unité de temps. - not be connected to the EDF network; the majority of people isolate their internal network using the circuit breaker, during their absence, as a safety measure; -distribute the necessary and sufficient quantity of water per unit of time.

Les principaux systèmes existants à l'heure actuelle susceptibles de résoudre cette distribution de liquide en petite quantité sont de trois types :  The main systems in existence today capable of solving this distribution of liquid in small quantities are of three types:

-branchement suir le réseau d'eau potable avec utilisation d'un détendeur et d'une électrovanne commandée;  - connection to the drinking water network using a regulator and a controlled solenoid valve;

-utilisation d'un récipient ouvert, rempli d'eau, dont la base est munie d'un tuyau branché sur une pompe électrique commandée;  -use of an open container, filled with water, the base of which is provided with a hose connected to a controlled electric pump;

-utilisation d'une réserve d'eau et de mèches en textile faisant le lien entre l'eau et la terre du pot.  -use of a water reserve and textile wicks making the link between the water and the soil of the pot.

Pour le 1° système il existe bien des électrovannes alimentés par piles mais la pression de l'eau n'est pas constante. Elle varie dans des proportions considérables, entre 1 et 6 Kg/cm2. Dans ces conditions il s'avère impossible d'obtenir un débit précis et constant. Ce système est réservé à un arrosage de jardin avec une consommation supérieure à 5 litres par heure.  For the 1st system there are many solenoid valves powered by batteries but the water pressure is not constant. It varies in considerable proportions, between 1 and 6 Kg / cm2. Under these conditions it is impossible to obtain a precise and constant flow. This system is reserved for garden watering with a consumption of more than 5 liters per hour.

Pour le second, le débit de la pompe est trop important pour un petit pot de fleurs, sauf à remplir un récipient auxiliaire qui assurera la distribution en gouttes à gouttes. Cependant il peut être utilisé pour les très gros pot. M ais cette solution s'avère complexe, onéreuse et coûteuse en énergie. La consommation de la pompe n'est pas négligeable. L'usage de piles n'est pas conseillé.  For the second, the pump flow is too great for a small flowerpot, except to fill an auxiliary container which will ensure the distribution in drops to drops. However it can be used for very large pots. But this solution turns out to be complex, expensive and costly in energy. The consumption of the pump is not negligible. The use of batteries is not recommended.

Pour le troisième, le débit de l'eau dans la mèche est d'autant plus important que la terre du pot est mouillée. Le contrôle de l'arrosage dans le temps par ce procédé est aléatoire. D'autre part il est impossible de laisser ressuyer entre deux arrosages.  For the third, the flow of water in the wick is all the more important as the soil of the pot is wet. The control of watering over time by this process is random. On the other hand it is impossible to let dry between two waterings.

Notre système est isolé du réseau d'eau potable, de celui de l'EDF et distille la quantité de liquide souhaitée, au moment désiré, depuis ses divers réservoirs, dans des pot de fleurs de taille quelconque pour un arrosage optimuim, sans risque de débordement.  Our system is isolated from the drinking water network, from that of the EDF and distills the desired quantity of liquid, at the desired time, from its various tanks, in flowerpots of any size for optimal watering, without risk of overflow.

Notre système complet comprend un boîtier électronique qui contrôle la périodicité et la durée des ouvertures des électrovalves et autant d' électrovalves qu'il y a de bouteilles ou de groupes de bouteilles à commander. Chacune d'elle est reliée au boîtier de commande par 2 fils conducteurs, souples et fins. Il n'y a pas de limite au nombre d'électrovalves commandés, car chacune possède sont alimentation (une seule pile de 1,5 Volts). La commande de chaque électrovalve se faisant par tension (figure 2). La consommation de chaque électrαvai ve est minime puisqu'elle ne fonctionne qu'une demi-seconde à chaque distribution (journalière, tous les 2,3...8 jours...). Quant au boîtier de commande, alimenté par 2 piles de 1,5 Volt de type R6, il fonctionne durant plus d'un an sans arrêt. Our complete system includes an electronic box which controls the frequency and duration of the opening of the solenoid valves and as many solenoid valves as there are bottles or groups of bottles to order. Each of them is connected to the control box by 2 conductive wires, flexible and thin. There is no limit to the number of solenoid valves ordered, as each has its own power supply (a single 1.5 Volt battery). The control of each solenoid valve is done by tension (figure 2). The consumption of each electrαvai ve is minimal since it only works for half a second at each distribution (daily, every 2.3 ... 8 days ...). As for the control box, powered by two 1.5 Volt R6 batteries, it works for more than a year without stopping.

L'invention permet en outre en utilisant une seule valve diverses combinaisons de récipients susceptibles de couvrir la totalité des besoins en distribution de liquide:  The invention also allows, using a single valve, various combinations of containers capable of covering all of the liquid distribution needs:

-une seule électrovalve peut commander plusieurs récipients montés en parallèle afin de desservir simultanément plusieurs pots (figure 3);  -a single solenoid valve can control several containers mounted in parallel to serve several pots simultaneously (Figure 3);

-une seule électrovalve commande plusieurs récipients montés en série afin de pourvoir aux besoins d'un gros consommateur de liquide (figure 4);  - a single solenoid valve controls several containers mounted in series in order to supply the needs of a large consumer of liquid (FIG. 4);

-une seule électrovalve commande un seul récipient qui possède plusieurs sorties de liquide munies d'un clapet anti- retour (figure 5);  -a single solenoid valve controls a single container which has several liquid outlets provided with a non-return valve (FIG. 5);

- ...etc.  - ... etc.

La liste des combinaisons de récipients décrites n'est pas exhaustive. ll faut noter que le liquide n'est jamais en contact avec les mécanismes.  The list of container combinations described is not exhaustive. It should be noted that the liquid is never in contact with the mechanisms.

Il va de soi que le champs d'application de l'invention ne se limite pas à l'arrosage des plantes en pot mais qu'elle en est une forme préférée. Elle peut par exemple servir à la distribution d'aliment liquide, ou de médicaments dans un aquarium et ttre utilisée chaque fois qu'un liquide est à distribuer de façon régulière avec un dosage d'une précision relative.  It goes without saying that the scope of the invention is not limited to watering potted plants but that it is a preferred form. It can for example be used for the distribution of liquid food, or medicines in an aquarium and be used whenever a liquid is to be distributed regularly with a dosage of relative precision.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1 - Système de distribution de liquide caractérisé par l'utilisation d'un récipient hermétiquement clos, muni en sa partie inférieure d'une ouverture qui assurera la distribution du liquide en goutte à goutte et en sa partie supérieure de deux ouvertures, l'une pour remplir le récipient de liquide. l'autre destinée à la mise à la pression atmosphérique de l'intérieur du récipient; cette dern ière ouverture est munie d'une valve. normalement fermée. dont l'ouverture est commandée par un générateur d'impulsions calibrées. 1 - Liquid distribution system characterized by the use of a hermetically sealed container, provided in its lower part with an opening which will ensure the distribution of the liquid drop by drop and in its upper part with two openings, one to fill the container with liquid. the other intended for bringing the interior of the container to atmospheric pressure; the latter opening is provided with a valve. normally closed. the opening of which is controlled by a calibrated pulse generator. 2 - Système de distribution de liquide selon la revendication 1 caractérisé par le fait qu'une impulsion agissant sur la valve détermine la quantité unitaire de liquide distribué.  2 - liquid distribution system according to claim 1 characterized in that a pulse acting on the valve determines the unit quantity of liquid dispensed. 3 - Système de distribution de liquide selon la revendication 1 caractérisé par un générateur d'impulsions calibrées dont le nombre d'impulsions par unité de temps (jour, semaine) est programmable.  3 - Liquid distribution system according to claim 1 characterized by a calibrated pulse generator whose number of pulses per unit of time (day, week) is programmable. 4 - Système de distribution de liquide selon la revendication 3 caractérisé par un générateur d'impulsions calibrées dont le nombre d'impulsions programmées par unité de temps (jour, semaine) est régulièrement espacé dans le temps.  4 - Liquid distribution system according to claim 3 characterized by a calibrated pulse generator whose number of pulses programmed per unit of time (day, week) is regularly spaced over time. 5 - Système de distribution de liquide selon la revendication 3 caractérisé par un générateur d'impulsions calibrées dont le nombre d'impulsions programmées par unité de temps (jour. semaine) n'est pas régulièrement espacé dans l'unité de temps (jour .semaine) mais déclenché dans un laps de temps très court par rapport à l'unité de temps.  5 - Liquid distribution system according to claim 3 characterized by a calibrated pulse generator whose number of pulses programmed per unit of time (day. Week) is not regularly spaced in the unit of time (day. week) but triggered in a very short time compared to the time unit. 6 - Système de distribution de liquide selon la revendication 1 caractérisé par l'utilisation d'un seul générateur d'impulsions calibrées pour déclencher simultanément plusieurs valves.  6 - liquid distribution system according to claim 1 characterized by the use of a single generator of calibrated pulses to simultaneously trigger multiple valves. 7 - Système de distribution de liquide selon la revendication 1 caractérisé par l'utilisation d'une seule valve pour mettre simultanément à la pression atmosphérique Dlusieurs récinients.  7 - A liquid distribution system according to claim 1 characterized by the use of a single valve to simultaneously put atmospheric pressure Dlusieurs recinients.
PCT/FR1990/000869 1989-12-06 1990-11-30 Automatic liquid distribution system Ceased WO1991007870A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR89/16098 1989-12-06
FR8916098A FR2655324B1 (en) 1989-12-06 1989-12-06 AUTOMATIC LIQUID DISTRIBUTION.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991007870A1 true WO1991007870A1 (en) 1991-06-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FR1990/000869 Ceased WO1991007870A1 (en) 1989-12-06 1990-11-30 Automatic liquid distribution system

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FR (1) FR2655324B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1991007870A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5511341A (en) * 1995-03-09 1996-04-30 Payne; Jessica Good neighbor house plant watering system
US5956899A (en) * 1998-08-04 1999-09-28 Diorio; James J. Apparatus and method for subirrigating plants
US6389750B1 (en) * 1997-08-01 2002-05-21 Charles David Wilde Apparatus for watering plants

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2419011A1 (en) * 1978-03-08 1979-10-05 Bernard Guy Automatic plant watering system - uses evaporation from trough to unbalance beam and release water from sealed reservoir
FR2443198A1 (en) * 1978-12-07 1980-07-04 Martin Dominique Automatic programmable water sprinkler controller - uses electronic timer to switch off power to provide short sprinkling periods
US4797820A (en) * 1986-07-28 1989-01-10 Ansan Industries Limited Programmable flow control valve unit with clock, program, automatic, manual, and repeat modes

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3438575A (en) * 1967-05-24 1969-04-15 Hermann Rohling Root controlled watering device
FR2115628A5 (en) * 1970-11-26 1972-07-07 Petour Pierre
US4347687A (en) * 1979-05-21 1982-09-07 Uwe Sibbel Watering system for flower pots and plant boxes
FR2608011B1 (en) * 1986-12-15 1989-09-29 Veillat Jean Claude DEVICE FOR PROVIDING REGULATED SUPPLY OF A MEDIUM, IN LIQUID, FROM A RESERVE

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2419011A1 (en) * 1978-03-08 1979-10-05 Bernard Guy Automatic plant watering system - uses evaporation from trough to unbalance beam and release water from sealed reservoir
FR2443198A1 (en) * 1978-12-07 1980-07-04 Martin Dominique Automatic programmable water sprinkler controller - uses electronic timer to switch off power to provide short sprinkling periods
US4797820A (en) * 1986-07-28 1989-01-10 Ansan Industries Limited Programmable flow control valve unit with clock, program, automatic, manual, and repeat modes

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5511341A (en) * 1995-03-09 1996-04-30 Payne; Jessica Good neighbor house plant watering system
US6389750B1 (en) * 1997-08-01 2002-05-21 Charles David Wilde Apparatus for watering plants
US5956899A (en) * 1998-08-04 1999-09-28 Diorio; James J. Apparatus and method for subirrigating plants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2655324A1 (en) 1991-06-07
FR2655324B1 (en) 1992-03-20

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