US936640A - Ratchet-wrench. - Google Patents

Description

l BATGHBT WRENCH. APPLIoATroIrILnD un. 14. 1909.

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' Patented Oct. 12, 1909.

JOI-INKNOWLEfOF NEW BRITAIN', CONNECTICUT.

RATCI-IET-WRENCI-I.

i. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented 0G13. 12, 1909.

Application filed January 14, 1909. Serial No. 472,247.

To all whom "it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN KNowLEs,'a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented ycertain new and useful Improvements f in Ratchet- Wrenches, of whichV the following is a specification. j

My invention relates to improvements in ratchet wrenches and the objects of my improvements are simplicity and economy in construction and eiiiciency and reliability in use.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of my wrench partly in central vertical section. Fig. 2 isa plan view of my wrench, with cap, nut and washer omitted and part of handle broken away. Fig. 3 is a bottom view of a modication. Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the same on the line y y of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 isa plan view showing another modification. Fig. 6 is a broken out horizontal section of the 'head with other parts in `plan view, of another modication. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the body member of my wrench.

My wrench is adapted to turn a nut either right or left, whether for tightening or loosening, by simply reciprocatingly operating a handle continually in one planeV and to do this without the employmentl of any relatively moving parts in the mechanism of my wrench other than the body member which turns with the nut, all as will be hereinafter described. Y

7 is the body member, having a ratchet wheel 9, a socket 8, in the lower part 'to receive the nut or piece to be turned, and a bearing stud 12 at the top having'a thread at the upper end. I prefer to have the socket 8 ft the nut or piece to be turned and have individual body members for each size of nut, although an additional member may be employed for each size nut, having a socket to fit the nut and a head to lit the socket Ain the body member. The head 13 is formed integral with the shank 19 and the handle l11, and is provided with a double ended bearing slot 16 preferably of heart shape with a central projection 23 on the side toward the shank 19and a circular recess on each side of said projection 23, toreceive the bearing stud 12 on the body member'7, in either of itstwo bearing positions. Fixed pawls 10 are rigidly mounted on the shank 19 and are preferably made in one piece with a tongue 24 by which they are attached to the shank 19 in any proper manner, as for example by a screw 17 and pin 18 integral with the shank 19, tting in a hole in said tongue 24, as shown in Fig. 1. The body member 7 is removably and rotatively mounted in the head 13 by means of any ordinary securing devices as for example, the bearing stud 12, in the bearing slot and a washer 14 and a cap 15 on the outer end of the said stud, as shown in Fig. 1. The dimensions and adjustment of the slot 16,

pawls 10, and ratchet wheel 9, are such that when the stud 12 is located at either one of the extreme positions in the bearing slot 16 in one of the recesses at either side of the central projection 23, the pawl 10 on the same side of the shank 19 engages the ratchet wheel 9 and the other pawl 10 will clear and be free from said ratchet wheel 9, so that when rotative motion is applied to the handle 11 one or the other of the said pawls 10 will engage with a tooth of said ratchet wheel 9 so as to apply corresponding rotative motion to the body member.

A modification is shown in Figs. 3 and 4, in the method of attaching the pawls 10 to the shank 19. A groove is provided in the said shank 19a to receive the modified tongue 24a.

Fig. 5 shows the head 13a form of slot 16EL in which the central projection 23 of the preceding gures is omitted, furnishing the same amount of lateral movement for the head for engaging and disenwith a modified gaglng the pawls 10 from the ratchet wheel 9, and also furnishing the two dierent bearings for the stud 12 when the implement is used for either a right or a left hand wrench.

Fig. 6 shows another modification in which the general form ofbearing slot 16 shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is employed and in connection therewith Il employ a longitudinally sliding friction pin 20, projection 23, the said pin tted in a suitable recess or chamber and yieldingly forced toward the projection 23 by means of a spiral spring 21, which is confined therein by means of a screw cap or plug 22. This friction pin 20 will allow a limited degree of lateral movement of the bearing 'stud 12 for disengaging the ratchet wheel 9 from the pawls 10, while it will create some friction tending to prevent the bearing stud 12 from accidentally moving from one end of the slot 16 to the other, at the same time it will yield directly opposite the central` so that the bearing stud l2 can be readily moved to the other end .the slot 1.6 by applying sufficient torce. Although the construction shown in Fig. (3 is designated .as a modification, it is essentially the same construction .with the introduction ot t,the said friction pin 2O as an additional feature.

The operation is as "follows: Wlhen the handle l1 is reciprocated in the ordinary manner as .With ratchet wrenches, the motion in one direction for .turning the nut and. in the .other to recover for a repetition ot the turning movement, the turning .movement .causes the stud l2 to glide along .the walls ot `the .slot 16 into .the recess on the side of the central projection 23 corresponding to the Ydirection ot the movement and the pawl l() onthe same side to engage with a tooth 9 Aot the ratchet Wheel for imparting corresponding rotative motion to the body part 7. .On the reverse movement oit' the handle the body 'member moves laterally a short distance in the bearing slot .of the head to .disengage the paivl :from the teeth of the ratchet Wheel and permit the said pavvl to draw back over the said teeth ready to rengage the said teeth as soon `as .the handle is again moved for- Aivard and so on repeatedly.

Although I have called the implement herein shown and described a ratchet Wrench, it is obvious that my said improvement is applicable .to analogous ratchet implements.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a ratchet implement, a body member carrying a ratchet Wheel, and a bearing stud projecting from one side of said ratchet Wheel, a head having a transverse slot eX- tending vertically therethrough, a shank connecting said head With a handle, and a pavvl iXedly mounted relatively to said head, the said head being mounted on said bearing stud With the stud having a lateral movement therein at right angles to the axis of the said ratchet Wheel 'tor engaging and disengaging the paWl and ratchet Wheel.

2. In a ratchet implementa body member .carrying a ratchet Wheel and a bearing stud projecting from one side of said ratchet Wheel, a transversely slotted head having a shank and handle that is rigid therewith,

and a pair ot paivls tixedly mounted relatively to said head opposite the two sides ot' the said ratchet Wheel, the said slotted head being mounted on said bearing stud and the stud having a slight lateral movement in said slotted head tor engaging and disengaging said paWls and a further lateral and limited movement therein for carrying the said stud from its position tor a right hand implement into its position for a letthand implement.

3. In a ratchet implement, having a body member provided With a ratchet wheel and b earing stud, and an integral transversely slotted head, shank and handle, said head mounted on said bearing stud so that the stud has a limited lateral movement 1n said head, a pair ot pawls fixedly mounted relatively `to said head for reversibly engaging said ratchet Wheel.

4. A ratchet Wrench, comprising an integral socket, ratchet wheel, and bearing stud and an integral transversely slotted head, shank and handle and paivls, and means for removably mounting said head on said bearing stud so that said stud has a limited lateral movement ,in said head ,tor reversibly engaging and disengaging the paivls and ratchet Wheel.

5. A reversible ratchet implement com prising .a body member, a ratchet Wheel and concentric bearing stud rigidly carried on said body member, a reciprocating head having a handle and a bearing .slot extended laterally to the length of the said handle, Within which slot the stud of the said body memberisloosely confined, and arightand left hand paivl respectively on opposite sides of the said ratchet Wheel and tixedly mounted relatively to the said head, the said bearing slot having a central projection on one side to assist in holding the said stud at the respective ends of the said slot for a right or left handed implement.

6. A reversible ratchet implement, comprising a body member, a ratchet wheel `and vconcentric bearing stud rigidly carried on said body member, a reciprocating head having a handle and a bearing slot extended laterally to the length of the said handle, Within which slot the stud of the said body member is loosely conlined, a right and left hand pawl on the respective opposite sides .of said ratchet Wheel fixedly mounted relatively to the said head, the said bearing slot having a yielding sliding pin projecting centrally into the said bearing slot at one side to assist in holding the said stud at the respective ends of the said slot for a right or left handed implement.

7. A reversible ratchet implement, comprising a body member, a ratchet Wheel and concentric bearing stud rigidly carried on said body member, a reciprocating head having a handle and a bearing slot extended laterally to the length ot the said handle, Within which slot the stud of the said body member is loosely confined, a right. and lett hand pavvl on the respective opposite sides of said ratchet Wheel ixedly mounted relatively to the said head, the said bearing slot having a rigid central projection onthat side of the said bearing slot that is nearest the handle and a yieldingly mounted friction device projecting into the said slot on the opposite side thereof, the said rigid and yielding projections servinoV to hold the said bearing stud against accidental movement from end to end of the said slot.

8. In a ratchet implement, comprising a body member and ratchet Wheel, a laterally slotted head, having a rigid shank and handle, and a pair of pavvls formed in one piece With a central tongue for being rigidly and removably secured to the said shank 'With the pavvls fixed on the respective opposite sides of the said ratchet Wheel.

9. In a ratchet implement, comprising a body member, and ratchet Wheel, a laterally slotted head, having a rigid shank and handle, a pair of pavvls formed in one piece with a central tongue for being rigidly and removably secured to the said shank With the pavvls Xed on the respective opposite sides of the said ratchet Wheel, and a screw 'for removably securing the said p'avvls to the said shank, the said pavvls and shank having also the one an opening and the other an integral interlocking projection received in the said opening to additionally hold the pavvls on the shank and permit them to be removed by the removal of only the one screw.

l0. A ratchet combination by Which rotary motion is effected by reciprocatingly operating a handle in one plane, said combination comprising a body member carrying a ratchet Wheel and a bearing stud, a slotted head, shank, handle, and pavvls fixedly .mounted relatively to said head, the said head being mounted on said bearing stud With the stud having a limited lateral movement in the said head, for engaging and disengaging the pavvls and the ratchet Wheel. JOHN KNOW/LES. Witnesses:

JAMES SHEPARD, LOUIS M. SCHMIDT.

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