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US20120282325A1 - Liposome of irinotecan or its hydrochloride and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Liposome of irinotecan or its hydrochloride and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120282325A1
US20120282325A1 US13/512,048 US200913512048A US2012282325A1 US 20120282325 A1 US20120282325 A1 US 20120282325A1 US 200913512048 A US200913512048 A US 200913512048A US 2012282325 A1 US2012282325 A1 US 2012282325A1
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Prior art keywords
liposome
injection
irinotecan
cholesterol
irinotecan hydrochloride
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Inventor
Xinyong Tong
Guofeng Lei
Chengxia Yu
Liang Chen
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Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co Ltd
Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co Ltd
Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Assigned to JIANGSU HENGRUI MEDICINE CO., LTD., SHANGHAI HENGRUI PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. reassignment JIANGSU HENGRUI MEDICINE CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CHEN, LIANG, LEI, GUOFENG, YU, CHENGXIA, TONG, XINYONG
Publication of US20120282325A1 publication Critical patent/US20120282325A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K9/127—Synthetic bilayered vehicles, e.g. liposomes or liposomes with cholesterol as the only non-phosphatidyl surfactant
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
    • A61K31/4738—Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/4745—Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems condensed with ring systems having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. phenantrolines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/02—Inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/24—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, halogen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. cyclomethicone or phospholipids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K9/127—Synthetic bilayered vehicles, e.g. liposomes or liposomes with cholesterol as the only non-phosphatidyl surfactant
    • A61K9/1271—Non-conventional liposomes, e.g. PEGylated liposomes or liposomes coated or grafted with polymers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K9/127—Synthetic bilayered vehicles, e.g. liposomes or liposomes with cholesterol as the only non-phosphatidyl surfactant
    • A61K9/1277—Preparation processes; Proliposomes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K9/127—Synthetic bilayered vehicles, e.g. liposomes or liposomes with cholesterol as the only non-phosphatidyl surfactant
    • A61K9/1277—Preparation processes; Proliposomes
    • A61K9/1278—Post-loading, e.g. by ion or pH gradient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/19—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles lyophilised, i.e. freeze-dried, solutions or dispersions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liposome of irinotecan or its hydrochloride and preparation method thereof, and an injection comprising the said liposome and preparation method thereof.
  • Irinotecan is a semi-synthetic derivative of camptothecin. Camptothecin can specifically bind to topoisomerase I, which can induce reversible DNA single-strand breaks, and then unwind the DNA double-strand structure. Irinotecan and its active metabolite SN-38 can bind to topoisomerase I-DNA complex, thereby preventing re-connection of the single-stranded fracture. It has been proved that the cytotoxicity of irinotecan can be attributed to the interaction of replicase and topoisomerase I-DNA-irinotecan (or SN-38) triple complexes, which breaks DNA double-strand in DNA synthesis.
  • Irinotecan hydrochloride is widely used in the treatment of malignant tumor with the advantages of obvious pharmacological effects and clinical efficacy.
  • camptothecin derivatives the saturated lactone ring in irinotecan's structure is pH-dependent and can be transformed into its carboxylate form reversibly under physiological conditions, for which anti-tumor activity will be weakened.
  • the existing commercial formulations of irinotecan hydrochloride are liquid injection and freeze-dried powder for injection. After intravenous administration in clinical, the free drug will lose activity because the lactone ring in its structure is prone to be hydrolyzed into the carboxylate form in the alkaline physiological environment, thereby reducing drug efficacy indirectly. And these formulations have serious side effects, which are mainly neutropenia and delayed diarrhea.
  • Liposome is widely studied as a drug carrier in recent years.
  • the main features of liposome include protecting the encapsulated drug, increasing drug stability, changing the in vivo distribution behavior of drug, and carrying drug to the diseased region by passive or active targeting.
  • liposome can improve drug efficacy and reduce drug toxicity.
  • the international application WO2005/117878 disclosed a formulation of irinotecan liposome and preparation method thereof.
  • This formulation comprises irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride, phospholipid selected from the group consisting of hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, lecithin and cardiolipin, and cholesterol.
  • the Chinese patent application CN1994279A also disclosed a formulation of irinotecan liposome and preparation method thereof, wherein phosphatidylcholine is used as a phospholipid to prepare a liposome in Example 5.
  • the present invention provides a liposome of irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride, which has higher drug-loaded capacity, high encapsulation efficiency, good stability and is suitable to be prepared into a formulation.
  • the liposome of the present invention comprises irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride, a neutral phospholipid and cholesterol, and the weight ratio of cholesterol to the neutral phospholipid is 1:3 ⁇ 5, preferably 1:3.5 ⁇ 4.5, most preferably 1:4.
  • the neutral phospholipid used in the present invention is selected from the group consisting of hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine (HSPC), egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC), soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC) and the like.
  • HSPC hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine
  • EPC egg phosphatidylcholine
  • SPC soybean phosphatidylcholine
  • the drug-loaded capacity of the liposome can be improved greatly when the weight ratio of the drug to the phospholipid is further adjusted as follows:
  • Irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride 1 neutral phospholipid 2 ⁇ 5, preferably 2.5-4.
  • Liposome of the present invention can be prepared by conventional liposome preparation methods in the art, preferably by ion gradient method.
  • ion gradient method there is ion gradient formed by a buffer between the internal water phase and the external water phase of the said liposome.
  • the internal water phase of the said liposome has higher ion concentration than the external water phase, which can improve the particle size stability of liposome during the storage period, maintain better drug efficacy, and be able to control the average particle size of the liposome small and uniform, enable the change in particle size of the liposome to be reduced to minimum during the storage period.
  • the change in particle size of the liposome during the storage period can be reduced to minimum by adding a lipid derivative of hydrophilic polymer to the formulation.
  • the cycle time of the liposome in vivo can be extended through adding a polyethylene glycol derivative into the formulation.
  • the polyethylene glycol derivative is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol 2000-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (DSPE-PEG 2000 ), polyethylene glycol 5000-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine, polyethylene glycol 2000-dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine, polyethylene glycol 5000-dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine.
  • lipid derivative of hydrophilic polymer is preferred to be added to the liposome in the present invention. Based on this formulation ratio, DSPE-PEG 2000 has the most obvious effect.
  • the preferred weight ratio of the lipid derivative to irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride is 0.2 ⁇ 0.4.
  • the liposome may further comprises a charged phospholipid selected from the group consisting of dilauroyl phosphatidylglycerol, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol, distearoyl phosphatidyl glycerol, dimyristate phosphatidylglycerol, dioleic acid phosphatidylserine, dioleoyl phosphatidylglycerol, dilauroyl phosphatidic acid, dimyristate phosphatidic acid, distearoyl phosphatidic acid and a mixture thereof, and the weight ratio of the charged phospholipid to the neutral phospholipid is 1:5 ⁇ 1:100.
  • a charged phospholipid selected from the group consisting of dilauroyl phosphatidylglycerol, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol, distearoyl phosphatidyl glycerol, dimyri
  • the liposome of the present invention comprises the following weight ratios of ingredients:
  • irinotecan hydrochloride 1 hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine 3.4-3.8 polyethylene glycol 2000-distearoyl 0.34-0.38 phosphatidyl ethanolamine cholesterol 0.8-0.95, and the ratio of cholesterol to hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylchloline is 1:4.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of the liposome of irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride.
  • the liposome of the present invention can be prepared by a conventional liposome preparation method. The person skilled in the art can choose a variety of methods to prepare the liposome according to the formulation provided by the present invention.
  • the ion gradient preparation method is preferably selected. The preparation method comprises the following steps of:
  • preparation of a drug-loaded liposome preparing an aqueous solution of irinotecan hydrochloride, adding it to the dispersion of blank liposome with ionic gradient, and then incubating the dispersion to obtain the drug-loaded liposome under heating and stirring.
  • the said method can also comprise the following step of:
  • the present invention also provides a liposome injection comprising the above liposome.
  • a liposome is prepared to an injection suitable for human use, it's beneficial to add a stabilizer.
  • the stabilizer used in the present invention can be a conventional stabilizer, such as vitamin E, ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid, and so on.
  • the stabilizer is helpful for the stability of the formulation.
  • the study on stabilizer shows that ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid or its salt has the best effect relative to other stabilizers. They are beneficial for improving the stability of the liposome.
  • the stabilizer can be the ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid dicalcium or a mixture thereof.
  • the ratio of the stabilizer added is 0 ⁇ 0.5% (w/v), and the minimum is not 0%.
  • composition of the present invention preferably comprises an antioxidant selected from the group consisting of water-soluble antioxidant and oil-soluble antioxidant, wherein the said oil-soluble antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of ⁇ -tocopherol, ⁇ -tocophero succinate, ⁇ -tocopherol acetate and a mixture thereof, wherein the said water-soluble antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid, sodium bisulfite, sodium sulfite, sodium pyrosulfite, L-cysteine and a mixture thereof.
  • the ratio of the antioxidant added is 0 ⁇ 0.5% (w/v), and the minimum is not 0%.
  • the injection can be in the form of liquid or lyophilized power for injection.
  • the formulation may comprise an osmotic pressure regulator selected from the group consisting of glucose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, sodium chloride, glycerine, histidine and its hydrochloride, glycine and its hydrochloride, lysine, serine, glutamic acid, arginine, valine and a mixture thereof.
  • the ratio of the osmotic pressure regulator added is 0 ⁇ 5% (w/v), and the minimum is not 0%.
  • the injection further comprises a lyoprotectant, and then the injection is prepared to the Lyophilized power for injection after freeze-drying.
  • the lyoprotectant is selected from the group consisting of glucose, sucrose, trehalose, mannitol, dextran, lactose and a mixture thereof.
  • the preferable liposome injection of the present invention comprises the following weight ratio of ingredients:
  • irinotecan hydrochloride 1 hydrogenated soybean 3.4-3.8 phosphatidylcholine polyethylene glycol 2000 - distearoyl 0.34-0.38 phosphatidyl ethanolamine cholesterol 0.8-0.95 ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium 0.05-0.09, and the ratio of cholesterol to hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine is 1:4.
  • the preparation method of the injection described above comprises the following steps of:
  • preparation of a drug-loaded liposome preparing an aqueous solution of irinotecan hydrochloride, adding it to the dispersion of blank liposome with ionic gradient, and then incubating the dispersion to obtain the drug-loaded liposome under heating and stirring.
  • the said method can also comprise the following step of:
  • the drug concentration is adjusted by diluting to the metered volume; the liposome is sterilized by filtration, then filled and sealed to obtain the liposome injection.
  • a lyoprotectant is added to the liposome drug sample, the drug concentration is adjusted by diluting to the metered volume, the liposome is sterilized by filtration, then filled, sealed and freeze-dried to obtain the liposome lyophilized powder for injection.
  • the liposome formulation of irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride has overcome many deficiencies of existing products and technologies. Drug stability can be improved by encapsulating drugs into the internal water phase of liposome. Because the drug is in the form of lactone ring in vivo, the concentration of the active metabolite SN-38 is kept for a long time in plasma. Generally speaking, the liposome formulation of irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride can increase the efficacy of formulation and reduce the side effects of drugs.
  • the liposome formulation of irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride of the present invention has solved the problem of low drug-loaded capacity in liposome by controlling the specific ratio between drug, phospholipid and cholesterol.
  • the ratio of drug to lipid in the liposome injection is over 0.25(w/w), and the encapsulation efficiency is over 90% , preferably over 95%.
  • the liposome prepared by the present invention has smaller particle size and improves the stability by optimizing the dosage of cholesterol and phospholipid.
  • a certain percentage of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid salts is preferably added to the formulation to improve the stability of the liposome significantly, and the particle size distribution of the liposome is uniformly in the range of 10nm ⁇ 220 nm.
  • the results of the influencing factor experiment of liposome injection of irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride show that the particle size and encapsulation efficiency of the sample has no significant change when placed at 40° C. for 10 days, and indexes all meet the requirements.
  • the liposome injection of irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride has a significant increase in tumor inhibitory rate and a significant reduce in its toxicity.
  • FIG. 1 shows the particle size distribution of liposome injection of irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows the morphology of liposome injection of irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows the results of in vivo anticancer effect test of liposome injection of irinotecan or irinotecan hydrochloride according to the present invention.
  • irinotecan hydrochloride 0.28 g 0.28 g 0.28 g 0.28 g 0.28 g 0.28 g hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine 1 g 1 g 1 g 1 g 1 g cholesterol 0.4 g 0.33 g 0.25 g 0.2 g 0.167 g DSPE-PEG2000 0.1 g 0.1 g 0.1 g 0.1 g ammonium sulfate 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g sodium chloride 0.45 g 0.45 g 0.45 g 0.45 g 0.45 g 0.45 g cholesterol:phospholipid 1:2.5 1:3 1:4 1:5 1:6 injectable water up to the required volume
  • Hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) and cholesterol (CHOL) of the formulation amount were dissolved in an adequate amount of anhydrous ethanol, the resulting lipid solution was mixed with ammonium sulfate solution (100 ml), ethanol was removed by reduced pressure distillation, and then the crude blank liposome was obtained.
  • high-pressure homogenizer 1000 bar
  • the particle size of liposome was controlled by extruding the liposome on extrusion equipment (two 0.1 ⁇ m extrusion membranes on extrusion equipment, five times extrusion), and then DSPE-PEG 2000 aqueous solution was added. Under stirring, the mixture was incubated for 20 minutes.
  • the blank liposome was dialyzed by using tangential flow ultrafiltration device with continuous supplementary of injectable water in the course, then the blank liposome was obtained finally.
  • Irinotecan hydrochloride aqueous solution was prepared with injectable water and was added to the dispersion of blank liposome with ion gradient above according to the weight ratio of irinotecan hydrochloride to HSPC 1:3.5. Under stirring, the mixture was heated to 60° C. and incubated for 20 minutes, and then the drug-loaded liposome was obtained. The non-encapsulated drug was removed by using tangential flow ultrafiltration device. 0.45 g sodium chloride was added to adjust the osmotic pressure after the sample was concentrated to about 50 ml.
  • the liposome was sterilized by filtration with 0.22 ⁇ m filter, filled under the protection of nitrogen, and sealed in a small bottle.
  • the liposome injection of irinotecan hydrochloride was obtained finally.
  • the stability of the sample prepared was investigated at 25° C. at various weight ratios of phospholipid to cholesterol. The results were shown in the table below. After stored at 25° C. for 60 days, the particle size and encapsulation efficiency of the sample had no significant changes when the weight ratio of phospholipid to cholesterol was 4:1. However, for the samples having other weight ratios of phospholipid to cholesterol, the size of the sample increased and the encapsulation efficiency declined. Therefore, the stability of the sample was better when the weight ratio of phospholipid to cholesterol was 4:1.
  • irinotecan hydrochloride 0.28 g hydrogenated soybean 1 g phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) polyethylene glycol 2000-distearoyl 0.1 g phosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE-PEG 2000 ) cholesterol 0.25 g ammonium sulfate 5 g ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium 0.02 g sodium chloride 0.45 g injectable water up to the required volume
  • HSPC hydrogenated soybean 1 g phosphatidylcholine
  • DSPE-PEG 2000 polyethylene glycol 2000-distearoyl 0.1 g phosphatidylethanolamine
  • cholesterol 0.25 g ammonium sulfate 5 g ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium 0.02 g sodium chloride 0.45 g injectable water up to the required volume
  • Irinotecan hydrochloride aqueous solution was prepared with injectable water and was added to the dispersion of blank liposome with ion gradient above according to the weight ratio of irinotecan hydrochloride to HSPC 1:3.5. Under stirring, the mixture was heated to 60° C. and incubated for 20 minutes, and then the drug-loaded liposome was obtained. The non-encapsulated drug was removed by using tangential flow ultrafiltration device. 0.45 g sodium chloride was added to adjust the osmotic pressure after the sample was concentrated to about 50 ml.
  • the liposome was sterilized by filtration with 0.22 ⁇ m filter, filled under the protection of nitrogen, and sealed in a small bottle.
  • the liposome injection of irinotecan hydrochloride was obtained finally.
  • the formulation and preparation method of blank liposome were as same as Example 2, except that the weight ratio of irinotecan hydrochloride to HSPC was 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:3.5, 1:4 and 1:5 in the liposome preparing process.
  • the encapsulation efficiency and particle size of liposome sample of irinotecan hydrochloride were shown in the table below:
  • the formulation and preparation method of blank liposome and drug-loaded liposome were as same as Example 2, except that HSPC in the formulation was replaced by high-purity egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC), high purity soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC) respectively.
  • EPC egg phosphatidylcholine
  • SPC high purity soybean phosphatidylcholine
  • the stability of resulting liposome sample was investigated at 25° C. and the results were shown in the table below. The test results showed that the stability of liposome sample prepared by HSPC was the best and the main indexes had no remarkable change when stored at 25° C. for 2 months.
  • PC Encapsulation Drug-loaded content Particle Time Composition efficiency (%) (mg/ml) size (nm) 0 M HSPC 99.4 5.08 85.9 EPC 99.5 5.10 87.5 SPC 99.2 5.01 86.9 1 M HSPC 99.5 5.10 85.5 EPC 92.4 5.07 88.2 SPC 93.9 5.05 87.3 2 M HSPC 98.7 5.07 86.5 EPC 85.8 5.06 93.2 SPC 89.6 5.02 91.5
  • irinotecan hydrochloride 0.28 g hydrogenated soybean 1 g phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) polyethylene glycol 2000-distearoyl 0.1 g phosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE-PEG 2000 ) cholesterol 0.25 g saline solution 50 ml injectable water up to the required volume
  • Ethanol injection method hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine, DSPE-PEG 2000 and cholesterol of the formulation amount were dissolved in an adequate amount of anhydrous ethanol, the resulting lipid solution was injected into saline solution of irinotecan hydrochloride. Ethanol was removed by reduced pressure distillation, and then the crude blank liposome was obtained. The particle size of the liposome was controlled by extruding the liposome on extrusion equipment (two 0.1 ⁇ m extrusion membrane on extrusion equipment, five times extrusion) after 5 cycles homogenization in high-pressure homogenizer (1000 bar).
  • the drug concentration was adjusted by diluting to metered volume, the liposome was sterilized by filtration with 0.22 ⁇ m filter, filled under the protection of nitrogen, and sealed in a small bottle.
  • the liposome injection of irinotecan hydrochloride was obtained finally.
  • Film dispersion method hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine, DSPE-PEG 2000 and cholesterol of the formulation amount were dissolved in an adequate amount of chloroform and the resulting lipid solution was prepared to film by rotary evaporator then the chloroform was removed. Saline solution of irinotecan hydrochloride was added and the mixture was incubated for 1 h. The particle size of the liposome was controlled by extruding the liposome on extrusion equipment (two 0.1 ⁇ m extrusion membrane on extrusion equipment, five times extrusion) after 5 cycles homogenization in high-pressure homogenizer (1000 bar).
  • the drug concentration was adjusted by diluting to metered volume, the liposome was sterilized by filtration with 0.22 ⁇ m filter, filled under the protection of nitrogen, and sealed in a small bottle.
  • the liposome injection of irinotecan hydrochloride was obtained finally.
  • the target product could be prepared by passive drug-loaded methods such as ethanol injection method and film dispersion method when preparing liposome of irinotecan hydrochloride.
  • the liposome prepared by these methods had low encapsulation efficiency and only a small amount of the drug can be loaded into the liposome.
  • the sample prepared by active drug-loaded method (Example 2) had high encapsulation efficiency and drug-loaded content.
  • the sample prepared by active drug-loaded method had small and uniform particle size. So in the present invention, the active drug-loaded method was used to prepare the liposome. It had extremely good results to prepare the liposome of irinotecan hydrochloride by ion gradient method.
  • Formula- Formula- Formula- Formula- Formula- Formula- Formulation tion 1 tion 2 tion 3 tion 4 HSPC 1 g 1 g 1 g 1 g Cholesterol 250 mg 250 mg 250 mg 250 mg PEG 2000 -DSPE 0.1 g 0.1 g 0.1 g 0.1 g Vitamin E / 0.02 g / 0.02 g EDTA-2Na / / 0.02 g 0.02 g Ammonium sulfate 100 ml 100 ml 100 ml 100 ml 100 ml solution (300 mM) Irinotecan hydrochloride 0.3 g 0.3 g 0.3 g 0.3 g g g g g g g
  • Blank liposome the lipid ethanol solution was injected, and the solution was homogenized under 1000 bar, 6 times; extruded 3 times in 200 nm, 5 times in 100 nm; PEG 2000 -DSPE was added and the mixture was incubated for 30 min at 60° C. Then the mixture was dialyzed 3 times with tangential flow device, 50 ml every time, wherein Vitamin E(VE) was added to phospholipid organic solvent and EDTA was added to ammonium sulfate solution.
  • Drug-loaded liposome about 10 mg/ml of irinotecan hydrochloride aqueous solution was prepared and added to the blank liposome, then the mixture was incubated at 60° C. for 15 min. The sample was concentrated to approximately 50 ml by using tangential flow device and 5 mg/ml of sample was obtained.
  • irinotecan hydrochloride 0.5 g hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine 1.5 g cholesterol 0.4 g manganese sulfate 10 g mannitol 2.5 g injectable water up to the required volume
  • Irinotecan hydrochloride aqueous solution was prepared with injectable water and was added to the dispersion of blank liposome with ion gradient. Under stirring, the mixture was heated to 50° C. and incubated for 20 minutes, and then the drug-loaded liposome was obtained. The non-encapsulated drug was removed by using tangential flow ultrafiltration device and then 2.5 g mannitol was added to adjust the osmotic pressure. After the drug concentration was adjusted by diluting to the constant volume, the liposome was sterilized by filtration with 0.22 ⁇ m filter, and then filled under the protection of nitrogen, and sealed in a small bottle. The liposome injection of irinotecan hydrochloride was obtained finally. The particle size of the liposome was measured by the nano particle size analyzer (89.3 nm), and the encapsulation efficiency was 97.5%.
  • irinotecan hydrochloride 1 g hydrogenated egg lecithin (HEPC) 3.45 g cholesterol 0.8 g magnesium sulfate 10 g histidine 2.5 g injectable water up to the required volume
  • Hydrogenated egg lecithin and cholesterol of the formulation amount were dissolved in an adequate amount of anhydrous ethanol and the resulting lipid solution was mixed with manganese sulfate solution (100 ml).
  • the particle size of the liposome was controlled by extruding the liposome on extrusion equipment (two 0.1 ⁇ m extrusion membrane on extrusion equipment, five times extrusion).
  • the blank liposome was dialyzed by using tangential flow ultrafiltration device with continuous supplementary of injectable water in the course, then the blank liposome was obtained.
  • Irinotecan hydrochloride aqueous solution was prepared with injectable water and was added to the dispersion of blank liposome with ion gradient. Under stirring, the mixture was heated to 50° C.
  • the drug-loaded liposome was obtained.
  • the non-encapsulated drug was removed by using tangential flow ultrafiltration device and the sample was concentrated to about 50 ml. Then 2.5 g histidine was added to adjust the osmotic pressure. After the drug concentration was adjusted by diluting to the metered volume, the liposome was sterilized by filtration with 0.22 ⁇ m filter, and then filled under the protection of nitrogen, and sealed in a small bottle. The liposome injection of irinotecan hydrochloride was obtained finally. The particle size of the liposome was measured by the nano particle size analyzer (87.6 nm), and the encapsulation efficiency was 98.1%.
  • irinotecan hydrochloride 0.3 g hydrogenated soybean 1 g phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) polyethylene glycol 2000-distearoyl 0.05 g phosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE-PEG 2000 ) cholesterol 0.25 g ammonium sulfate 5 g sodium chloride 0.45 g injectable water up to the required volume
  • HSPC hydrogenated soybean 1 g phosphatidylcholine
  • DSPE-PEG 2000 polyethylene glycol 2000-distearoyl 0.05 g phosphatidylethanolamine
  • cholesterol 0.25 g ammonium sulfate 5 g sodium chloride 0.45 g injectable water up to the required volume
  • Irinotecan hydrochloride aqueous solution was prepared with injectable water and was added to the dispersion of blank liposome with ion gradient. Under stirring, the mixture was heated to 60° C. and incubated for 20 minutes, and then the drug-loaded liposome was obtained. The non-encapsulated drug was removed by using tangential flow ultrafiltration device and the sample was concentrated to about 50 ml. Then 0.45 g sodium chloride was added to adjust the osmotic pressure. After the drug concentration was adjusted by diluting to the metered volume, the liposome was sterilized by filtration with 0.22 ⁇ m filter, and then filled under the protection of nitrogen, and sealed in a small bottle. The liposome injection of irinotecan hydrochloride was obtained finally. The particle size of the liposome was measured by the nano particle size analyzer (87.3 nm), and the encapsulation efficiency was 99.2%.
  • irinotecan hydrochloride 0.5 g hydrogenated soybean 1 g phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) myocardial phospholipids (CL) 0.5 g polyethylene glycol 5000- 0.5 g distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE-PEG 5000 ) ⁇ -Tocopherol 0.05 g cholesterol 0.35 g citric acid 5.76 g sodium chloride about 3.6 g injectable water up to the required volume
  • Hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine, myocardial phospholipid, DSPE-PEG 5000 , cholesterol and ⁇ -tocopherol of the formulation amount were dissolved in an adequate amount of anhydrous ethanol and the resulting lipid solution was mixed with citric acid solution (100 ml). After anhydrous ethanol was removed by reduced pressure distillation, the crude blank liposome was obtained. After 5 cycles homogenization in high-pressure homogenizer (1000 bar), the blank liposome was dialyzed by using tangential flow ultrafiltration device with continuous supplementary of sodium chloride solution (0.9%, 400 ml) in the course, then the blank liposome was obtained.
  • Irinotecan hydrochloride aqueous solution was prepared with injectable water and was added to the dispersion of blank liposome with ion gradient. Under stirring, the mixture was heated to 60° C. and incubated for 20 minutes, and then the drug-loaded liposome was obtained. The non-encapsulated drug was removed by using tangential flow ultrafiltration device and the sample was concentrated to about 50 ml. After the drug concentration was adjusted by diluting to the constant volume, the liposome was sterilized by filtration with 0.22 ⁇ m filter, and then filled under the protection of nitrogen, and sealed in a small bottle. The liposome injection of irinotecan hydrochloride was obtained finally. The particle size of the liposome was measured by the nano particle size analyzer (85.8 nm), and the encapsulation efficiency was 98.6%.
  • irinotecan hydrochloride 0.8 g dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline (DPPC) 2 g dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol 0.2 g (DPPG) cholesterol 0.5 g ascorbic acid 0.05 g ethylene diamine tetraacetic 0.05 g acid disodium ammonium sulfate 5 g sodium chloride about 3.6 g injectable water up to the required volume
  • DPPC, DPPG and cholesterol of the formulation amount were dissolved in an adequate amount of anhydrous ethanol and the resulting lipid solution was mixed with ammonium sulfate solution (100 ml, containing ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium). After ethanol was removed by reduced pressure distillation, the crude blank liposome was obtained. After 5 cycles homogenization in high-pressure homogenizer (1000 bar), the blank liposome was dialyzed by using tangential flow ultrafiltration device with continuous supplementary of sodium chloride solution (0.9%, 400 ml) in the course, then the blank liposome was obtained.
  • irinotecan hydrochloride 0.5 g hydrogenated soybean 1 g phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) polyethylene glycol 5000- 0.1 g distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE-PEG 5000 ) ⁇ -tocopherol 0.05 g cholesterol 0.3 g ammonium sulfate 5 g sodium chloride about 3.6 g sucrose 2 g mannitol 1 g injectable water up to the required volume
  • HSPC hydrogenated soybean 1 g phosphatidylcholine
  • DSPE-PEG 5000 distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine
  • ⁇ -tocopherol 0.05 g cholesterol 0.3 g ammonium sulfate 5 g sodium chloride about 3.6 g sucrose 2 g mannitol 1 g injectable water up to the required volume
  • Hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and ⁇ -tocopherol of the formulation amount were dissolved in an adequate amount of anhydrous ethanol and the resulting lipid solution was mixed with ammonium sulfate solution (100 ml). After ethanol was removed by reduced pressure distillation, the crude blank liposome was obtained. After 5 cycles homogenization in high-pressure homogenizer (1000 bar), the liposome was extruded on extrusion equipment (five 100 nm extrusion membrane on extrusion equipment, five times extrusion). Then DSPE-PEG 5000 aqueous solution was added, and the mixture was incubated under stirring for 20 minutes.
  • the liposome was sterilized by filtration with 0.22 ⁇ m filter, and then filled into penicillin bottle and freeze-dried.
  • the liposome lyophilized powder for injection of irinotecan hydrochloride was obtained finally.
  • the particle size of the liposome was measured (90.8 nm) after hydration of the lyophilized powder for injection, and the encapsulation efficiency was 97.5%.
  • Example 2 Taking the product of Example 2 as an example to study the physicochemical characteristics of the product obtained according to the present invention:
  • Appropriate amount of the sample was diluted with water then measured by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) method.
  • Detective wavelength: ⁇ 633 nm; detective angle: 173°; detective temperature: 25° C.
  • the particle size was represented by intensity.
  • the particle size distribution was shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the average particle size was 85.9 nm.
  • irinotecan hydrochloride liposome was typical bilayer structure and the majority of the particle size was below 200 nm. It's consistent with the result measured by dynamic light scattering.
  • the sample was light-sensitive. Under a bright light, the appearance of the sample turned yellow, the content decreased and related substances were significantly increased. The encapsulation efficiency and particle size of the sample had no remarkable change at 40° C., while related substances were increased a little. Big size particles were generated in the sample under low temperature or freeze-thaw conditions. Considering the instability of the phospholipid under high temperature and the test results of the impact factors test, the product should be stored under low-temperature and dark conditions.
  • the liposome of Irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11 liposome) was provided by Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co., LTD.
  • the injection of Irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11) was provided by Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., LTD.
  • mice BALB/cA-nude mice, 6-7 weeks, ⁇ , purchased from Shanghai Slac Laboratory Animal Co., LTD. Certificate No.: SCXK (Shanghai) 2007-0005. Environment: SPF level.
  • mice were subcutaneously inoculated Ls-174t human colon cancer cell. After tumors grew to the 150-300 mm 3 , mice were randomly divided into teams (d0). Dosage and dosage regimens were shown in the table below. The volume of tumors and the weight of the mice were measured and recorded for 2-3 times per week. The tumor volume (V) was calculated by the follow equation:
  • V 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ a ⁇ b 2 wherein a, b represent length and width respectively.
  • CPT-11 liposome and CPT-11 both inhibited the growth of Ls-174t human colon cancer in nude mice significantly.
  • CPT-11 liposome was dose-dependent in inhibiting the growth of Ls-174t. 4/14 tumor regressed partially when CPT-11 liposome was administrated in high-dose (3 mg/kg).
  • the therapeutic efficacy of CPT-11 liposome was equivalent to CPT-11 (10 mg/kg) when CPT-11 liposome was administrated in low-dose (1 mg/kg). It was indicated that the therapeutic efficacy of CPT-11 liposome may have prompted at least 10 times than the CPT-11 injection. The detailed results were shown in FIG. 3 .

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US10980795B2 (en) 2012-06-13 2021-04-20 Ipsen Biopharm Ltd. Methods for treating pancreatic cancer using combination therapies comprising liposomal irinotecan
US12364691B2 (en) 2012-06-13 2025-07-22 Ipsen Biopharm Ltd. Methods for treating pancreatic cancer using combination therapies
US11369597B2 (en) 2012-06-13 2022-06-28 Ipsen Biopharm Ltd. Methods for treating pancreatic cancer using combination therapies
EA023079B1 (ru) * 2012-12-24 2016-04-29 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Технология Лекарств" Способ получения липосомальной формы иринотекана (варианты)
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US11318131B2 (en) 2015-05-18 2022-05-03 Ipsen Biopharm Ltd. Nanoliposomal irinotecan for use in treating small cell lung cancer
US11844795B2 (en) 2015-08-20 2023-12-19 Ipsen Biopharm Ltd. Combination therapy for cancer treatment
US11344552B2 (en) 2015-08-21 2022-05-31 Ipsen Biopharm Ltd. Methods for treating metastatic pancreatic cancer using combination therapies comprising liposomal irinotecan and oxaliplatin
RU2732567C2 (ru) * 2015-10-16 2020-09-21 Ипсен Биофарм Лтд. Стабилизированные фармацевтические композиции камптотецина
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US11071726B2 (en) 2016-11-02 2021-07-27 Ipsen Biopharm Ltd. Treating gastric cancer using combination therapies comprising liposomal irinotecan, oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil (and leucovorin)
US11304900B1 (en) 2017-12-08 2022-04-19 Quicksilver Scientific, Inc. Transparent colloidal vitamin supplement blend
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US10722465B1 (en) * 2017-12-08 2020-07-28 Quicksilber Scientific, Inc. Transparent colloidal vitamin supplement
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RU2805746C2 (ru) * 2019-02-18 2023-10-23 Имдфарм Инк. Липидная прекомпозиция с замедленным высвобождением и содержащая ее фармацевтическая композиция для инъекции с замедленным высвобождением в форме липидного раствора
US11291702B1 (en) 2019-04-15 2022-04-05 Quicksilver Scientific, Inc. Liver activation nanoemulsion, solid binding composition, and toxin excretion enhancement method
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