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US20080202187A1 - Method for Straightening Hot Profiled Sections - Google Patents

Method for Straightening Hot Profiled Sections Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080202187A1
US20080202187A1 US10/562,747 US56274704A US2008202187A1 US 20080202187 A1 US20080202187 A1 US 20080202187A1 US 56274704 A US56274704 A US 56274704A US 2008202187 A1 US2008202187 A1 US 2008202187A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
straightening
flange
profiled
section
web
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/562,747
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English (en)
Inventor
Axel Maag
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BFI VDEH Institut fuer Angewandte Forschung GmbH
Original Assignee
BFI VDEH Institut fuer Angewandte Forschung GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BFI VDEH Institut fuer Angewandte Forschung GmbH filed Critical BFI VDEH Institut fuer Angewandte Forschung GmbH
Assigned to BETRIEBSFORSCHUNGSINSTITUT VDEH-INSTITUT FUER ANGEWANDTE FORSCHUNG GMBH reassignment BETRIEBSFORSCHUNGSINSTITUT VDEH-INSTITUT FUER ANGEWANDTE FORSCHUNG GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MAAG, AXEL
Publication of US20080202187A1 publication Critical patent/US20080202187A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
    • B21D3/02—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts by rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
    • B21D3/02—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts by rollers
    • B21D3/05—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts by rollers arranged on axes rectangular to the path of the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
    • B21D3/16—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts of specific articles made from metal rods, tubes, or profiles, e.g. crankshafts, by specially adapted methods or means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
    • B21B1/088—H- or I-sections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
    • C21D9/06—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails with diminished tendency to become wavy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for straightening profiled sections, which include a web and at least one flange, in particular double-T or U beams, with the aid of straightening tools.
  • profiled-section steel After it has been hot-rolled, profiled-section steel is frequently subject to deformation and/or distortion as it cools. To eliminate resultant deviations from the desired profiled-section shape and to impart the desired straightness to the beam, the profiled sections are straightened after they have been hot-rolled and cooled. Since the deformations occur during cooling, it has not hitherto been satisfactorily possible to straighten the profiled sections while they are still hot. Although it is possible to achieve results which satisfy the appropriate standards during the operation of straightening the hot profiled sections, after final cooling the profiled sections partially spring back into a curved form which does not comply with the standards.
  • the profiled section is cooled to low temperatures (cf. for example DE 24 56 782 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,060,498).
  • the profiled sections are cooled in cooling beds or cooling pits. This disadvantageously gives rise to time delays, which in some cases lead to temporary production shutdowns.
  • the profiled section is differentially cooled or heated in order to generate compressive stresses in the web (cf. DE 35 01 522 C1; DE 36 38 816 C1). After the straightening operation, the temperature of the web moves closer to that of the flanges, the intention being to reduce longitudinal tensile stresses.
  • these methods are time-consuming and energy-consuming on account of the need to generate accurate temperature gradients in the profiled sections.
  • deformation of the profiled section can occur as a result of shrinkage of the web during final cooling, and this once again means that the rails which have been cooled to room temperature do not satisfy the requirements of the relevant standards. Consequently, these methods are likewise unsatisfactory.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing an improved method which makes it possible to straighten profiled sections in the hot state.
  • the straightening method according to the invention is based on the fundamental concept of straightening the profiled sections at profiled-section temperatures of >70° C., specifically in such a manner that the straightening force is introduced directly into the flange of the profiled section. This avoids internal stresses in the profiled section, which otherwise cause deformation to the profiled section as it cools.
  • the straightening force is preferentially introduced into the narrow side of the flange, i.e. in the case of a profiled section with vertically oriented flange, from above or below. According to the invention, however, a straightening force does not have to be introduced in just one direction and at just one location.
  • straightening forces can be introduced, for example by means of comb-like rollers, both into the lateral “main face” of the flange and the narrow side of the flange, and can also be introduced only into the lateral “main face”.
  • the invention is based on the discovery that the change in shape of hot-straightened profiled sections which is observed in the prior art after cooling has its origin in the differential heat quantity contents of the still-hot profiled section.
  • the transition region from web to flange (web root) there is a high mass concentration with a low surface area, which cools more slowly than the adjoining masses. Consequently, this area is at a higher temperature than the remainder of the profiled section. Deforming actions during the further cooling process alter the temperature and may generate temperature-dependent stress distributions.
  • the straightening disks impose the alternating bending operations predetermined by the approach of the straightening disks on the web, and the reciprocating movements from these bending operations are transmitted to the flange and ultimately generate the desired straight profiled section with the reduced approach settings.
  • the higher temperature of the web root region means a specific flow stress for the material, which is taken into account by a modified approach for the hot-straightening operation (using the conventional straightening technique).
  • the conventional straightening generates internal stress distributions which differ from those of the starting state in the profiled sections. Internal stress peaks occur particularly in the web root region at levels which can lie in the region of the flow stress or above.
  • the introduction of the straightening force into the flange does not generate any internal stresses which adversely affect the product properties and the straightness of the profiled sections in the transition region between web and flange and in the web itself. Rather, the introduction of force into the flange retains the unproblematic stress state in the web and in the web roots, and the internal stress state in the flange is only altered to an insignificant extent. Therefore, there is no likelihood of a disadvantageous, cooling-related change in the stress state in the cooled profiled section.
  • the process according to the invention advantageously makes it possible for the profiled sections to be processed further while they are still in the hot state following the hot-rolling process. This leads to considerable time savings and avoids production shutdowns. Furthermore, it is possible to process the still-hot steel with less force, which means that it is in this way possible to save energy.
  • the method according to the invention is used to straighten profiled sections with a web and at least one flange.
  • Profiled sections of this type include in particular T-beams, double-T-beams, U-sections and L-shaped profiled-section limbs, with the flange of all these types of profiled sections preferably being at an angle of 90° to the web, although other alignments are also readily possible.
  • profiled sections are straightened at profiled-section temperatures of over 70° C., particularly preferably at temperatures of over 100° C.
  • the method according to the invention also allows straightening to be carried out at higher temperatures, such as for example even approx. 200° C. and above.
  • profiled-section temperature may, for example, include the web root surface temperature and the temperature within the web root. Furthermore, it may also encompass the surface temperature of the web and of the beam edges and/or the temperature within these profiled-section elements. Furthermore, the profiled-section temperature may also be defined by incorporating the temperature of a number of these profiled-section elements.
  • the profiled-section temperature can be defined by measuring the temperature profile throughout the entire profiled section or by measuring the temperature in some of the profiled-section elements.
  • a method which is frequently used to define the profiled-section temperature is, for example, temperature scanning.
  • a movably arranged temperature-measuring appliance is used to record the temperature over the beam edge, the web root, the web and then the other web root and other beam edge.
  • the measured temperature profile is used to determine the profiled-section temperature; it is possible to give a greater weighting to the temperatures within the web roots. Therefore, according to the invention the result of a temperature scan of this type can also be understood as representing the profiled-section temperature.
  • the straightening forces are introduced into the flange via a lateral surface of the straightening tool which is at an angle with respect to the surface of the flange on which this straightening tool acts.
  • An apparatus of this type is described, for example, in DE 195 25 513 A1, the entire content of disclosure of which in respect of the description of an apparatus on which the method according to the invention, for example, can be carried out and in respect of the description of the way in which straightening forces can be introduced into the flange is hereby incorporated in the present application.
  • the straightening tools in particular straightening disks, are at least partially frustoconical in form and transmit the straightening force onto the flange by way of their conical lateral surface.
  • the straightening tools may be arranged above and/or below the material to be straightened.
  • the angle of inclination of the active lateral surface is preferably of the order of magnitude of the angle of friction between the lateral surface and the surface on which the straightening tool acts; it is then derived from the following equation:
  • the angle of inclination is preferably 5°.
  • intersection point of the surface lines of the straightening disk remote from the drive is preferable for the intersection point of the surface lines of the straightening disk remote from the drive to be remote from the drive and the intersection point of the straightening disk close to the drive to be close to the drive.
  • the straightening disks preferably have flange-supporting surfaces which are located on the web side of the flange and/or on the side of the flange which is remote from the web. Accordingly, the straightening tools designed as straightening disks preferably have a U-shaped or T-shaped axial cross section. The flange-supporting surfaces in each case engage alternately on the outside and inside of the flange.
  • straightening disks with a comb-like axial cross section.
  • a straightening disk of this type comprises, preferably in a single piece, individual disks between which the active lateral surfaces which are inclined with respect to the horizontal according to the invention are located and the lateral surfaces of which support the flange or web on one or both sides of the straightening position.
  • straightening tools need to be provided with the active lateral surface.
  • straightening tools configured in this manner can be arranged below the material to be straightened only in the outlet region.
  • the lateral or oblique surfaces which are used in the method according to the invention allow an extremely high level of straightening accuracy when straightening the hot profiled sections.
  • they avoid the occurrence of flange compressions and outwardly directed bulges in the region of the flange edges and protect the favorable internal stress state of the unstraightened profiled section which originates from the hot-rolling of the profiled sections.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically depicts a straightening apparatus which is preferably used in the method according to the invention, with an upper straightening disk pair, partially in axial longitudinal section,
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged illustration of part of the two straightening disks
  • FIG. 3 shows a straightening apparatus with outer flange guidance
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged illustration of part of the two straightening disks
  • FIG. 5 shows an axial longitudinal section through a straightening roller for flange-supported straightening with different beam dimensions
  • FIG. 6 shows part of the straightening roller from FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 7 shows a straightening sleeve with a cylindrical middle part in an axial longitudinal section
  • FIG. 8 shows part of the straightening sleeve from FIG. 7 on a larger scale
  • FIG. 9 shows a cylindrical straightening sleeve.
  • the straightening apparatus comprises a drive 1 , the individual parts of which are not illustrated in more detail and to which there is connected a shaft 2 , on which two straightening disks 3 , 4 are arranged above a double-T beam 5 .
  • the latter has a web 5 a and two flanges 5 b and 5 c .
  • the straightening disks 3 , 4 have a T-shaped cross section and comprise a part 6 which is in the form of a circular disk, in each case acts on the inner side of the two flanges but does not touch the web of the flange and merges into a frustoconical shoulder 7 .
  • the small-diameter surfaces 8 of the frustoconical shoulders 7 are in each case directed outward and their lateral surfaces are in nonpositive engagement with the flange edges.
  • the lateral surface or surface line 9 runs at an angle ⁇ with respect to the surface of the narrow side of the flange or to the horizontal or the spacer sleeves 10 .
  • the spacer sleeves 10 are used to set the distance between the straightening disks and the profiled-section height (flange spacing) of the beam that is to be straightened. Accordingly, the included angle p results between the surface line 9 and the narrow side face of the flanges.
  • the height Z of the frustoconical shoulders is such that the narrow sides of the flanges are supported over their entire height.
  • the straightening disks 11 , 12 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are fundamentally arranged and constructed in the same way as in FIG. 1 , 2 ; however, they support the flanges on the outer side and have conical shoulder surfaces 7 , the large-diameter surfaces 13 of which face inward or toward one another. In this way, in each case the same included angle between the lateral surfaces or surface lines 9 and the horizontal or narrow sides of the beam flanges results as in the case of the straightening disks 3 , 4 shown in FIGS. 1 , 2 .
  • the straightening rollers 15 , 16 shown in FIGS. 5 , 6 comprise a plurality of flange-supporting individual disks 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 which are preferably integrally connected to one another and between each of which there is a frustoconical transition 21 , 22 , 23 .
  • grooves 24 , 25 , 26 for receiving the flanges of beams of different dimensions are produced between the disks 16 to 20 .
  • the surface lines of the frustonical transitions 21 , 22 , 23 in turn produce, together with the opposite narrow sides of the flanges, the included angle ⁇ according to the invention which has already been explained above.
  • the straightening apparatus which is suitable for carrying out the method for hot-straightening in accordance with the invention need not be equipped entirely with the angled straightening tools (straightening disks or straightening sleeves); rather, it is sufficient for these tools to be arranged in the region of the largest bending amplitudes, i.e. on the inlet side, which without the straightening tool according to the invention would also lead to the greatest compressions or deviations.
  • all the upper straightening tools can be designed as disks or multi-disk rollers if, when straightening with a large pitch (distance between two adjacent straightening axes) and accordingly low straightening forces, cylindrical straightening sleeves 28 which extend from flange to flange may be arranged beneath the material to be straightened.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 illustrate further variants of apparatuses which can be used with the method according to the invention. Identical elements are in each case denoted by the same reference designations.
  • the apparatuses illustrated allow the direct introduction of force into the flange of a profiled section, with the result that it is also possible to straighten hot profiled sections at a temperature of over 70°.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Straightening Metal Sheet-Like Bodies (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Processes Specially Adapted For Manufacturing Cables (AREA)
US10/562,747 2003-06-30 2004-06-29 Method for Straightening Hot Profiled Sections Abandoned US20080202187A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10329525A DE10329525B4 (de) 2003-06-30 2003-06-30 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Richten eines warmen Profils sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines normgerechten Profils
DE10329525.9 2003-06-30
PCT/EP2004/007037 WO2005000495A1 (fr) 2003-06-30 2004-06-29 Procede permettant de redresser des profiles chauds

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20080202187A1 true US20080202187A1 (en) 2008-08-28

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ID=33546774

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/562,747 Abandoned US20080202187A1 (en) 2003-06-30 2004-06-29 Method for Straightening Hot Profiled Sections

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US20080202187A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1641575B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009513352A (fr)
KR (1) KR20060033743A (fr)
CN (1) CN100364682C (fr)
AT (1) ATE362809T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10329525B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2285476T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL1641575T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2366526C2 (fr)
UA (1) UA85557C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005000495A1 (fr)

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RU2788416C1 (ru) * 2022-06-07 2023-01-19 Акционерное общество "ЕВРАЗ Нижнетагильский металлургический комбинат" (АО "ЕВРАЗ НТМК") Способ правки зетового профиля

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JP5392925B2 (ja) * 2011-03-29 2014-01-22 日新製鋼株式会社 溶接ｈ形鋼の矯正装置
DE102013216435A1 (de) * 2013-08-20 2015-02-26 Magna BDW technologies GmbH Maschine und Verfahren zum Behandeln von Gussbauteilen
RU2564183C1 (ru) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Хекса" Устройство для закругления кромок двутавра
DE102014011735A1 (de) 2014-08-06 2016-02-11 EcoEnterprises GmbH Tragende Elemente einer tragenden Struktur, dazugehörige Verbindungselemente, sowie Vorrichtungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben
CN107030141B (zh) * 2016-11-25 2019-01-15 南京东至南工程技术有限公司 一种用于矫正型钢构件的装置和方法
CN107159744B (zh) * 2017-04-06 2019-12-17 山东钢铁股份有限公司 F型门架槽钢矫正装置
CN108421851B (zh) * 2018-01-26 2019-07-02 山东钢铁股份有限公司 平行翼缘槽钢矫直装置
CN109513795B (zh) * 2018-12-29 2024-03-15 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 一种航天用超大规格型材拉伸矫直设备及填充件
CN109500146B (zh) * 2019-01-07 2023-09-05 山东钢铁股份有限公司 托梁钢模具式低温矫正装置
KR102171342B1 (ko) * 2020-06-21 2020-10-28 주식회사 신영기업 맨홀용 플랜지의 형상 교정금형
CN111974852A (zh) * 2020-07-09 2020-11-24 中船第九设计研究院工程有限公司 一种船舶t型材生产过程中的倒棱工艺
CN112453116A (zh) * 2020-11-12 2021-03-09 安阳钢铁股份有限公司 一种槽钢高温矫直的方法

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US1914439A (en) * 1930-01-06 1933-06-20 Mckenna Process Company Of Ill Method of hot straightening
US1943153A (en) * 1930-07-11 1934-01-09 Wirth Alfred Roller straightening machine
US3566656A (en) * 1967-10-16 1971-03-02 Kawasaki Steel Co Device for shaping edges of shape steel
US4022046A (en) * 1973-12-03 1977-05-10 Nippon Steel Corporation Method of and apparatus for straightening steel sections
US4659398A (en) * 1985-01-18 1987-04-21 Krupp Stahl Aktiengesellschaft Method for reducing internal stresses of roller straightened rails
US5218848A (en) * 1990-02-13 1993-06-15 Hitachi, Ltd. Method and apparatus for correcting a widthwise bend in an end portion of a hot-rolled sheet-shaped product
US5060498A (en) * 1990-08-28 1991-10-29 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Section steel straightener with adjustable roller width
US5195347A (en) * 1990-12-27 1993-03-23 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Guide device for shape rolling
US5644939A (en) * 1993-07-21 1997-07-08 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Straightening machine for rolled beams
US5968293A (en) * 1996-09-12 1999-10-19 Midland Steel Products Co. Method and apparatus for heat treating and straightening structural members
US6038907A (en) * 1998-04-29 2000-03-21 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Straightening machine for rolled beams
US6843091B2 (en) * 2000-06-21 2005-01-18 Sms Demag Aktiengesellschaft Section straightening machine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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DE10329525A1 (de) 2005-02-17
JP2009513352A (ja) 2009-04-02
CN100364682C (zh) 2008-01-30
UA85557C2 (ru) 2009-02-10
EP1641575B1 (fr) 2007-05-23
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CN1812855A (zh) 2006-08-02
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