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US20060260435A1 - Method for producing foamed slag on high-chromium melts in an electric furnace - Google Patents

Method for producing foamed slag on high-chromium melts in an electric furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060260435A1
US20060260435A1 US10/557,190 US55719005A US2006260435A1 US 20060260435 A1 US20060260435 A1 US 20060260435A1 US 55719005 A US55719005 A US 55719005A US 2006260435 A1 US2006260435 A1 US 2006260435A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
slag
preforms
accordance
furnace
carbon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/557,190
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English (en)
Inventor
Lutz Rose
Johann Reichel
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SMS Siemag AG
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Assigned to SMS DEMAG AG reassignment SMS DEMAG AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: REICHEL, JOHANN, ROSE, LUTZ
Publication of US20060260435A1 publication Critical patent/US20060260435A1/en
Assigned to SMS SIEMAG AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment SMS SIEMAG AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SMS DEMAG AG
Priority to US13/611,671 priority Critical patent/US20130000446A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0087—Treatment of slags covering the steel bath, e.g. for separating slag from the molten metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5264—Manufacture of alloyed steels including ferro-alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/54—Processes yielding slags of special composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0037—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by injecting powdered material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2300/00—Process aspects
    • C21C2300/02—Foam creation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a method for producing foamed slag on high-chromium steel melts in an electric arc furnace, wherein a mixture of a metal oxide and carbon is introduced into the furnace, the metal oxide is reduced by the carbon in the slag, and the resulting gases bring about the foaming of the slag by bubble formation.
  • the charge i.e., mainly scrap, and alloys are melted by the electric arcs of the electrodes, which extend downward into the furnace shell.
  • the slag fulfils not only its primary function, i.e., the removal of undesirable components from the melt, but also a protective function in the foamed state. In this state, the slag encloses the space between the ends of the electrodes and the surface of the metal and protects the refractory lining of the furnace from radiant energy of the electric arc. Due to the low thermal conductivity of the foamed slag, the radiation of the electric arc towards the wall of the arc furnace is greatly reduced, and thus the energy input into the metal melt is improved.
  • the foamed slag is produced by simultaneous injection of carbon and oxygen onto the slag and into the steel bath, respectively.
  • the gas that evolves during the reactions that occur: 2[C]+ ⁇ O 2 ⁇ * 2 ⁇ CO ⁇ 2 ⁇ CO ⁇ + ⁇ O 2 ⁇ * 2 ⁇ CO 2 ⁇ causes foaming of the slag.
  • the carbon reduces the ferrous oxide to iron and carbon monoxide according to the equation (FeO)+[C]*[Fe]+ ⁇ CO ⁇ .
  • the foamed slag encases the electrodes and is present as a protective layer between the electric arcs and the furnace wall.
  • the injected carbon reacts basically as a reducing element of the chromium oxide.
  • the reactions specified above have little importance in the metal bath.
  • the content of iron in the slag is too low to guarantee satisfactory foaming of the slag. All together, in the case of high-chromium melts, it is difficult, due to the differences that have been mentioned, to produce a foaming slag in the superheating phase.
  • EP 0 829 545 B1 which concerns a method for producing a foamed slag on molten stainless steel in an electric arc furnace, proposes that a powder, which consists of a metal oxide, either zinc oxide or lead oxide, and carbon, be introduced into the slag.
  • the oxide contained in the powder is reduced by reaction with the carbon.
  • Bubbles consisting mainly of carbon monoxide are formed in the slag and cause the slag to foam.
  • the powder is introduced into the slag with the aid of an injection medium, for example, nitrogen.
  • the reactive mixture is introduced into the slag or melt as a powder. Due to the relatively large surface area associated with the powdered form, brief, violent reactions occur. Moreover, the reaction is locally limited in the vicinity of the injection device and here especially at the tip of the injection lance in the molten bath.
  • the objective of the invention is to develop a method for producing foamed slag on molten high-chromium steels in an electric arc furnace, in which the processes that initiate the foaming reaction occur in a controlled way.
  • the furnace is charged with a mixture of a metal oxide and carbon, not as a powder but rather as compressed preforms and/or preforms provided with a binder.
  • a mixture of a metal oxide and carbon not as a powder but rather as compressed preforms and/or preforms provided with a binder.
  • the briquet form it is possible to use other forms, for example, the briquet form.
  • the systematic adjustment of the properties of the preforms, hereinafter referred to in terms of their embodiment as pellets makes it possible, in contrast to use in powdered form, to control the evolution of gas with respect to location, type, and time—especially the starting point with respect to time, the rate, the intensity of the reaction, and/or the duration of the reaction.
  • the density properties of the pellets are adjusted by the compression pressure and/or the type and amount of an admixed iron carrier, for example, ferronickel, and a binder.
  • the density of the compressed preforms is adjusted in such a way that the pellets float in the slag near or directly on the metal-slag phase boundary itself.
  • the addition of the iron carrier ensures that the pellets are heavier than the slag but lighter than the metal melt.
  • the evolution of gas thus occurs in a locally well-defined way, namely, in the slag at the boundary between the metal and slag. In this way, there is no contact between pellets and metal bath, so that carburization of the melt is prevented.
  • the pellets should have a density or a degree of compaction that causes them to disintegrate uniformly and slowly, so that the foaming reaction occurs uniformly and over a relatively long period of time.
  • the evolution of gas can be systematically adjusted by the size of the pellets.
  • the pellets have a relatively large diameter and thus a smaller specific surface than powders, the foaming reaction can be maintained for relatively long periods of time with uniform gas evolution.
  • Waste products of steel production can be used for the mixture for producing the pellets, such as carbon from consumed electrodes or pieces of waste scale.
  • binders is advisable especially with mixtures of this type.
  • a flux especially limestone, is additionally pressed into the proposed pelletized form.
  • the desired CO/CO 2 formation is additionally intensified by the limestone.
  • a slag thinner preferably CaF 2
  • a slag thinner can be additionally pressed into or bound with the mixture. This counteracts the tendency of chromium-containing slags to become increasingly viscous with increasing chromium oxide content.
  • a reducing agent such as silicon and/or aluminum
  • reducing agents reduce the chromium oxide contained in the slag and thus lower the chromium content of the slag.
  • foaming of the slag is improved.
  • the pellets are added in various parts of the furnace through the furnace roof and/or the sidewalls of the furnace. This is not possible with powder, because large fractions of the powder would be sucked out by the dust removal system of the furnace. It is also advisable to introduce the pellets into the slag in a directed way in the vicinity of and directly at the hot spots of the electrodes to allow the foaming process to occur especially at the electrodes.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the cross section of an electric arc furnace with charging devices for the slag-foaming pellets.
  • FIG. 2 shows the furnace in FIG. 1 from above.
  • the electric arc furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a furnace shell 2 with a refractory wall 3 and a furnace roof 4 .
  • three electrodes (in the present case) 5 a - c are lowered into the interior of the furnace.
  • the solid material is melted down by the electric arcs that are produced.
  • a slag layer 7 is formed and floats on the melt.
  • slag-foaming material is introduced into the interior of the furnace as preforms 8 , namely, in the form of pellets.
  • the pellets are preferably charged through the furnace roof 4 , specifically, through the fifth roof hole 9 , and/or the sidewalls 10 .
  • Injection-systems with injection lines or gravity feed systems 11 that extend through the sidewalls 10 of the furnace are provided for this purpose. Instead of injection lines, it is also possible to use injection lances.
  • a pneumatic conveyance system 12 consisting of closed circular pipelines is also suitable for charging the pellets.
  • This system has a closed circular pipeline 13 that runs along the roof 4 , as shown in FIG. 2 , which at the same time also has closed circular pipeline segments 14 that run radially to the roof.
  • Three charging holes 15 a - c are provided in the closed circular pipelines 13 , 14 and the corresponding roof wall.
  • the pellets are introduced into the furnace slag 7 uniformly over the cross section of the furnace by this system 12 .
  • the charging holes 15 a - c are arranged in such a way that the pellets react with the slag 7 in the vicinity of the hot spots.
  • the pellets float in the slag 7 , where they react to produce the desired gas evolution and thus foaming reaction in a way that is controlled with respect to location, time, and type.
  • the adjustment of the density and size of the pellets makes it possible to ensure that the gas evolution process proceeds as uniformly as possible, for a relatively long time and not too violently.
  • a controlled reaction at the surface of the pellets results in uniform foaming of the slag.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US10/557,190 2003-05-24 2004-04-23 Method for producing foamed slag on high-chromium melts in an electric furnace Abandoned US20060260435A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/611,671 US20130000446A1 (en) 2003-05-24 2012-09-12 Method for producing foamed slag on high-chromium melts in an electric furnace

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10323505.1 2003-05-24
DE10323505A DE10323505A1 (de) 2003-05-24 2003-05-24 Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Schaumschlacke auf hochchromhaltigen Schmelzen in einem Elektroofen
PCT/EP2004/004312 WO2004104232A1 (de) 2003-05-24 2004-04-23 Verfahren zur erzeugung einer schaumschlacke auf hochchromhaltigen schmetzen in einem elektroofen

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/611,671 Continuation US20130000446A1 (en) 2003-05-24 2012-09-12 Method for producing foamed slag on high-chromium melts in an electric furnace

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20060260435A1 true US20060260435A1 (en) 2006-11-23

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US10/557,190 Abandoned US20060260435A1 (en) 2003-05-24 2004-04-23 Method for producing foamed slag on high-chromium melts in an electric furnace
US13/611,671 Abandoned US20130000446A1 (en) 2003-05-24 2012-09-12 Method for producing foamed slag on high-chromium melts in an electric furnace

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Country Status (13)

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US (2) US20060260435A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1629126B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4701331B2 (de)
KR (1) KR101174691B1 (de)
CN (2) CN1795277A (de)
CA (1) CA2519728C (de)
DE (1) DE10323505A1 (de)
MY (1) MY146471A (de)
RU (1) RU2343208C2 (de)
TW (1) TWI295690B (de)
UA (1) UA84151C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2004104232A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA200505659B (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090255375A1 (en) * 2006-02-01 2009-10-15 Johann Reichel Method for the Production of a Foamed Slag in a Metal Bath
US20100089202A1 (en) * 2007-02-09 2010-04-15 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method for the reduction of a slag having a high degree of chromium in an electric arc furnace
US20110088514A1 (en) * 2008-06-09 2011-04-21 Sms Siemag Ag Process for Producing a Foamed Slag on Austenitic Stainless Melts in an Electric Arc Furnace
US20110197708A1 (en) * 2008-07-07 2011-08-18 Sms Siemag Ag Process for Producing Foamed Slag
US8133296B2 (en) 2007-10-23 2012-03-13 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing stainless steel using direct reduction furnaces for ferrochrome and ferronickel on the primary side of a converter
US8747518B2 (en) 2010-01-19 2014-06-10 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method for foamed slag generation of a non-corrosive melt in a converter
US8764879B2 (en) 2009-05-08 2014-07-01 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Process for slag foaming a non-stainless steel melt in an electric arc furnace

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009043639A1 (de) 2009-09-29 2011-03-31 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Erzeugung einer Schaumschlacke in einer metallischen Schmelze
DE102010022692A1 (de) 2010-03-17 2011-09-22 Sms Siemag Ag Brikett zur Erzeugung eines Schaumschlacke-Effekts bei der EAF-Technologie der Edelstahlherstellung
KR101229899B1 (ko) * 2010-12-22 2013-02-05 주식회사 포스코 슬래그 포밍 촉진제
KR101499200B1 (ko) * 2013-06-27 2015-03-05 현대제철 주식회사 용광로
HUE034189T2 (en) * 2014-12-17 2018-02-28 Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co Kg Mixture, use of this mixture, and a method of conditioning the slag from metallic melt in a metallurgical vessel in iron and steel metallurgy
CN104726636A (zh) * 2015-03-30 2015-06-24 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 一种电炉冶炼不锈钢发泡剂及其发泡方法
JP6620781B2 (ja) * 2017-05-15 2019-12-18 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 ダストの溶融還元方法及び再利用方法
CN114317885B (zh) * 2022-01-11 2022-11-22 安徽工业大学 一种生物质电炉发泡剂及其制作方法和应用方法
WO2025125871A1 (en) * 2023-12-13 2025-06-19 Arcelormittal A steelmaking method

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US3807986A (en) * 1971-06-09 1974-04-30 Lukens Steel Co Combination iron and iron oxide briquette and method of using
US3843767A (en) * 1972-03-27 1974-10-22 Du Pont Process for treating fluophosphate ores
US3925060A (en) * 1974-09-23 1975-12-09 Timken Co Compact containing iron oxide and carbon and method for its use in steelmaking
US6214085B1 (en) * 1999-02-01 2001-04-10 Calderon Energy Company Of Bowling Green, Inc. Method for direct steelmaking
US6228137B1 (en) * 1996-09-12 2001-05-08 Ugine-Savoie Imphy Process for producing a foaming slag above a stainless steel melted in an electric furnace

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JPH04131314A (ja) * 1990-09-21 1992-05-06 Nippon Stainless Steel Co Ltd ステンレス鋼製造時の副生物から有価金属を回収する方法
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EP0655508B1 (de) 1993-11-30 1998-08-19 ACCIAI SPECIALI TERNI S.p.a. Verfahren unter Verwendung von Schaumschlacke bei der Herstellung von rostfreiem Stahl im Elektro-lichtbogenofen
JPH11302712A (ja) * 1998-04-16 1999-11-02 Tetsugen Corp 鉄酸化物の還元溶解精錬方法
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Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3807986A (en) * 1971-06-09 1974-04-30 Lukens Steel Co Combination iron and iron oxide briquette and method of using
US3843767A (en) * 1972-03-27 1974-10-22 Du Pont Process for treating fluophosphate ores
US3925060A (en) * 1974-09-23 1975-12-09 Timken Co Compact containing iron oxide and carbon and method for its use in steelmaking
US6228137B1 (en) * 1996-09-12 2001-05-08 Ugine-Savoie Imphy Process for producing a foaming slag above a stainless steel melted in an electric furnace
US6214085B1 (en) * 1999-02-01 2001-04-10 Calderon Energy Company Of Bowling Green, Inc. Method for direct steelmaking

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090255375A1 (en) * 2006-02-01 2009-10-15 Johann Reichel Method for the Production of a Foamed Slag in a Metal Bath
US8043402B2 (en) * 2006-02-01 2011-10-25 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method for the production of a foamed slag in a metal bath
US20100089202A1 (en) * 2007-02-09 2010-04-15 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method for the reduction of a slag having a high degree of chromium in an electric arc furnace
AU2008213424B2 (en) * 2007-02-09 2010-10-14 Sms Siemag Ag Method for the reduction of a slag having a high degree of chromium in an electric arc furnace
CN101631879B (zh) * 2007-02-09 2015-01-28 Sms西马格股份公司 用于减少电弧炉中高铬含量渣的方法
US8043401B2 (en) 2007-02-09 2011-10-25 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method for the reduction of a slag having a high degree of chromium in an electric arc furnace
US8133296B2 (en) 2007-10-23 2012-03-13 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing stainless steel using direct reduction furnaces for ferrochrome and ferronickel on the primary side of a converter
US20110088514A1 (en) * 2008-06-09 2011-04-21 Sms Siemag Ag Process for Producing a Foamed Slag on Austenitic Stainless Melts in an Electric Arc Furnace
US8409320B2 (en) * 2008-06-09 2013-04-02 Sms Siemag Ag Process for producing a foamed slag on austenitic stainless melts in an electric arc furnace
AU2009257044B2 (en) * 2008-06-09 2013-07-11 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing a foamed slag on austenitic stainless melts in an electric arc furnace
US8673047B2 (en) * 2008-07-07 2014-03-18 Sms Siemag Ag Process for producing foamed slag
US20110197708A1 (en) * 2008-07-07 2011-08-18 Sms Siemag Ag Process for Producing Foamed Slag
US8764879B2 (en) 2009-05-08 2014-07-01 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Process for slag foaming a non-stainless steel melt in an electric arc furnace
US8747518B2 (en) 2010-01-19 2014-06-10 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method for foamed slag generation of a non-corrosive melt in a converter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2519728A1 (en) 2004-12-02
CN102061356A (zh) 2011-05-18
JP2007501900A (ja) 2007-02-01
DE10323505A1 (de) 2004-12-09
ZA200505659B (en) 2006-08-30
UA84151C2 (uk) 2008-09-25
WO2004104232A8 (de) 2006-03-02
JP4701331B2 (ja) 2011-06-15
TW200427844A (en) 2004-12-16
EP1629126B1 (de) 2013-03-13
WO2004104232A1 (de) 2004-12-02
TWI295690B (en) 2008-04-11
CA2519728C (en) 2011-06-14
MY146471A (en) 2012-08-15
KR20060004700A (ko) 2006-01-12
CN1795277A (zh) 2006-06-28
KR101174691B1 (ko) 2012-08-17
EP1629126A1 (de) 2006-03-01
RU2343208C2 (ru) 2009-01-10
US20130000446A1 (en) 2013-01-03
RU2005140564A (ru) 2006-05-10

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