US1829993A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

BOILER Filed June l, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l -h f /f/ v fr 4a. 3%

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Filed June l. 1929 w. A. .1.l KREAGER BOILER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 3, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 'WILLIAIVI A. J'. KREAGER, 0F DENVER, COLORADO, `.lsSiICrll'OR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, l

TO BARQUE ROYALTY, INC., OF DENVER, COLORADO, A CORPORATION OF COLORADO i f y BOILER.

Application ined .runeA 1,

This invention relatesv to improvements in boilers of the type employed in connection with the production of low pressure steam for heating buildings and for the production of hot water for use inhotwater heating systems and for similar purposes.

It is the obj ect of this invention to produce a boiler which shall be adapted to burn', either gas or liquid fuel and which shall be so constructed that it will have a very large thermal eiiiciency so that practically all of the heat values of the fuel will be transferred to the water. y

This invention, briefly described, consists in a boiler which hasbeen shown as formed by flat parallel sides or. ends Vthat are connected by a semi-circular top. Located within the boiler is a steel tube of cylindrical shape which forms the combustion chamber and which is secured to Vone of the end plates ot the boiler. The inner end of this combustion chamber terminates in aheader from which a plurality of lines extend, parallel with the combustion chamber to a point near its other end where they connect with an Aannular header. The linterior of this header is connected with a second header located below and from this the flue passages orthe combustion gases extend in a zigzag direction to the outlet which is near vthe bottom of the boiler. The feed water is admitted near the bottom so as to come in Contact with the flues near the point where the gases leave the boiler. i VThe water which enters near the bottom of the boiler passes upwardly between and along the Hues and as it ascends, it absorbs heat from the hot vfines and is constantly coming in Contact with heating surfaces of higher temperature. until it reaches the wall of the ceinlnistion chamber which, of course, is of higher temperature than' any of the fines. By the arrangement just described, the feed water will come in contact Vwith the coldestflue surfaces and will become gradually heated as it passes upwardly so as Vto corne in-c mtact with. the more highly heated surfaces and in this manner auniform temperature dient will be maintained between the Water .nd the heatingsurfacesthroilghout the boiler.

serial No. 367,665. y y f Fig. 2 is a section through the lower head-:

er, taken on line 2 2, Fig. l;

F ig. 3 is an endelevation of the boiler; and Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 4%4, Fig. l. In the drawings reference numeral l repreals 2 and?) represent the sides. The rear end wall ofthe boiler has been indicated by reference numeral 4. VThe front of the boiler instead of being made from a single plate,

is made fromthree separate plates which .g lhave been designated by numerals 5, 6 and 7; In the construction of the boiler forming the subject matter of this application, the

several plates were electrically welded and the drawings have therefore beencross hatched so as to indicate a unitary'or integral construction. The sides 2 and 3 are connected by a semicirculardome 8 in ,they manner shown 1n Fig. 4. Extending transversely of the interior ofV the boiler are supporting` .bars 9, `whose ends are electrically welded to the Yinside of the side walls.l A. narrow flat .plate 10 is supported on the transverse bars 9 and servesV as a support for the combustion chamber and its associated headers and llues. .Y Upwardly extending arms 1l are integrally secured to the transverse bars 9 and have'their upper. ends connected by means of barslQ, which cooperate with the plate ll() to form a cradle or rest for the combustion chamber and associated parts in a manner which will-be described and which is a-pparentvfrom the drawings. The combustion chamber fis formed from an elon- .gated cylinder 13. which extends inwardly `through-a bole inthe plate 5 and which .eloctricallyor otherwise autogenmisly welded thereto. Secured to the inner end of the cylinder 13 is a header 14 that is welded to the cylinder. A substantially annular header 15 enclcses the cylinder 13 but is not sents the bottom of the boiler, while nuiner- CTX connected with the latter. Flues 16 connect the interiors of headers 14 and 15 in the manner shown. Located below the transverse bars 9 is a header 17 which is preferably formed from cast iron and which is provided with three cylindrical projections 18 near its top and two similar cylindrical projections 19 near its bottom. These projections extend through openings in the plate 7 and are welded to the latter. The rear wall 20 of the header 17 is provided with four rows of openings for the reception of flues 21. The two center rows are enclosed by a curved wall 22 which divides the interior of the header into three compartments in the manner shown in Fig. 1. The other ends of flues 21 extend through openings in the plate 23 and are welded to the latter. Curved walls 24 form with the plate 23 two chambers the upper of which receives the inner ends of the two upper rows of tubes while the lower chamber is in communication with the two lower rows of tubes. The header 15 is provided with three tubes 25 which extend through openings in plate 5 and are welded to this plate. Secured to the outer ends of these tubes are elbows 26. Similar elbows are connected with the tubular members 18 and these elbows are joined by means of pipes 27.

In the drawings the burner has been indicated by reference numeral 28 and the products of combustion pass inwardly through the combustion chamber and thence flow through the flues 16 into the interior of the header 15 and thence through pipes 27 to the upper chamber of header 17 from which they flow through the upper row of tubes 21 to the interior of the upper chamber on plate 23 and return thence through the second row of tubes into the central chamber formed b v the walls 22, from here the gases flow through the third row of tubes to the lower chamber on plate 23 from which they return through the lowermost row of tubes to the lowermost chamber in header 17. from whence they pass outwardly through tubes 19 into a pipe which extends to the outside of the building. lt will be seen from the above description that the flue gases flow downwardly and are discharged near the bottom of the boiler, while the water enters the boiler and Hows upwardly. It will also be seen that the combustion chamber and flues are entirely surrounded by water and that the water enters at the point where the Hue gases leave and therefore there is a gradual increase in the temperature of the water from the bottom towards the top so that the temperature of the water varies in the same direction as the temperature of the flue gases and therefore as the water iov-es upwardly and becomes hotter it is continually coming in contact with surfaces that are heated to a higher temperature. After the boiler has been started in operation and the feed water supply adjusted so as to replace the water that is vaporated, the interior of the boiler will soon come to a substantially stationary position so far as temperatures are concerned and the temperature of the water and of the iue gases will remain the same at all points and therefore there will be no violent fluctuations in temperature and as a consequence no corresponding changes in expansion and contraction and therefore the boiler is subjected to less strain than it would be if the feed water were introduced periodically at or near the top of the boiler.

I want to call attention to the fact that the cylindrical combustion chamber is connected to the boiler at one end only, and that the manifold 14 rests on the upper surface of the plate 10 so that it can freely expand and contract in accordance with the temperature variations to which it must necessarily be subjected. Since the cylinder 13 and the iiue 1G are made of the same kind of material, they have the same coefficient of expansion and therefore it is possible to weld the tubular members 25 to plate 7 without setting up any severe strains due to the expansion and contraction. The end of member 1?) is closed by a plate 29 which is held in place by means of bolts 30. The boiler is provided with scveral openings one of which has been designated by reference numeral 31 and which serves as the discharge for steam or hot water, while openings 32 and 33 are usually plugged but can be used whenever desired. The feed water opening has been indicated by reference numeral 34.

.Vhen oil is employed as fuel, it can be preheated by passing it through a chamber 35 that is in communication with the outer surface of one of the pipes 27. The pipe 27 can either be enclosed by means of a pipe 36 of bigger diameter so as to form an annular chamber through which the oil may pass, or a flexible copper tube 37 may be wrapped. around this pipe and in this manner the oil can be raised to a high temperature before it enters the burner, thereby facilitating the production of vapors.

From the above description it will be apparent that 1 have produced a boiler which is especially well adapted for use in connection with low pressures and which is so constructed that a very high thermal efficiency can be attained. The boiler is intended for use with apparatus producing a forced draft and this makes it possible to have the products of combustion travel downwardly and to have them discharged from the boiler near the bottom thereof. ed surfaces a re covered with water and there fore very little. if any, of the heat hrs an opportunity of escaping. The outside of the boiler can. of course, be covered with a layer of heat insulating material as to keep the Practically all the heatlossdue to radiation at the lowest point.

I-Iaving described the invention what is claimed as new is:

l. A boiler having' a tubular combustion chamber extending inwardly from the front end thereof, and terminating in a header located near the rear of the boiler, a hollow annular header surrounding the combustion chamber near the front end of the boiler, a plurality of lues connecting the interiors of the headers, a header located beneath each of the other two. the one located beneath the annular header having a plurality of separate compartments and the one located beneath the rearmost upper header having one compartment less than the front lower header, fines interconnecting the compartments in the lower headers so that Hue gases will pass successively through all of the compartments, means for connecting the interior of the annular header with the upper compartment of the lower front header, yand means for connecting the lower compartment of the possible last named header with a flue gas outlet pipe located outside of the boiler.

2. A boiler having a tubular combustion chamber extending inwardly from the front end thereof and terminating in a header located near the rear of the boiler, an annular header surrounding the combustion chamber near its front end, a pluralitv of ilues connecting the headers, a header located below each of the other two, the one located near the front having an upper, a central and a bottom compartment, the one located near the rear having an upper and a lower compartment, Hues connecting the upper compartment of the rear header with the upper and the central compartment of the three compartment headerq and oth er fines connecting the lower compartment of the rear lower header with the central and lower compartments of the three compartment' hea der, means for connecting the interior of the annular header with the upper compartment of the three compartment header, and means for connecting the lowermost compartment of the three compartment header with a flue gas outlet pipe located on the outside of the boiler.

3. A boiler having a plurality of transverse bars adapted to support a combustion chamber', a cylindrical combustion chamber located in the boiler above the supports, the inner end of the combustion chamber terminating within the boiler and having attached to its a header, a header located near the front end of the combustion chamber flues extending between and connecting the interiors of said headers, a header located beneath each of the headers mentioned above, means for connecting the interiors of the headers near the front end of the boiler with each other WILLIAM A. J. KREAGER.

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