TW201819364A - Urat1抑制劑及其應用 - Google Patents
Urat1抑制劑及其應用 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201819364A TW201819364A TW106139575A TW106139575A TW201819364A TW 201819364 A TW201819364 A TW 201819364A TW 106139575 A TW106139575 A TW 106139575A TW 106139575 A TW106139575 A TW 106139575A TW 201819364 A TW201819364 A TW 201819364A
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- Prior art keywords
- ring
- dibromo
- compound
- ethylimidazo
- mmol
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- 229940083914 URAT1 inhibitor Drugs 0.000 title abstract description 6
- ASUMVAPLXCRBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)methanone Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(O)=C(Cl)C=C1C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2OCC1 ASUMVAPLXCRBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric acid Natural products N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2NC(=O)NC21 TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- -1 URAT1 inhibitor compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 201000001431 Hyperuricemia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 201000005569 Gout Diseases 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 9
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical group C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- ICHZEHWJVZDTHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-(2-ethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-yl)methanone Chemical compound CCc1nc2cnccn2c1C(=O)c1cc(Br)c(O)c(Br)c1 ICHZEHWJVZDTHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NYPFSCKXPMSAFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-(2-ethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)methanone Chemical compound CCc1nc2ncccn2c1C(=O)c1cc(Br)c(O)c(Br)c1 NYPFSCKXPMSAFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DGTHSUNXHMMLRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromo-4-[(2-ethyl-7-methoxyimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-hydroxymethyl]phenol Chemical compound CCc1nc2cc(OC)ccn2c1C(O)c1cc(Br)c(O)c(Br)c1 DGTHSUNXHMMLRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RZXNZBFXLIPLAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromo-4-[(6-bromo-2-ethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-hydroxymethyl]phenol Chemical compound BrC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)C(O)C1=C(N=C2N1C=C(C=C2)Br)CC)Br)O RZXNZBFXLIPLAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WNOIAEHADDMNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-4-(2-ethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methylphenol Chemical compound BrC1=C(C(=CC(=C1CO)C1=C(N=C2N1C=CC=C2)CC)C)O WNOIAEHADDMNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VJCRWEUSLVRGJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-5-[(2-ethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-hydroxymethyl]-2-hydroxybenzonitrile Chemical compound CCc1nc2ccccn2c1C(O)c1cc(Br)c(O)c(c1)C#N VJCRWEUSLVRGJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- MWNVDCWXVXWTGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-(2-propylfuro[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)methanone Chemical compound CCCc1oc2ncccc2c1C(=O)c1cc(Br)c(O)c(Br)c1 MWNVDCWXVXWTGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RTFNPMLSCSAECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-(6-ethylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-5-yl)methanone Chemical compound CCc1nc2scnn2c1C(=O)c1cc(Br)c(O)c(Br)c1 RTFNPMLSCSAECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UAKWPYWFZSLMGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromo-4-[(2-ethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-yl)-hydroxymethyl]phenol Chemical compound CCc1nc2cnccn2c1C(O)c1cc(Br)c(O)c(Br)c1 UAKWPYWFZSLMGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WGPXXYHCSANWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromo-4-[(2-ethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-hydroxymethyl]phenol Chemical compound CCc1nn2ccccc2c1C(O)c1cc(Br)c(O)c(Br)c1 WGPXXYHCSANWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WGUGSYMFFOWWCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromo-4-[(6-ethylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)-hydroxymethyl]phenol Chemical compound CCc1nc2sccn2c1C(O)c1cc(Br)c(O)c(Br)c1 WGUGSYMFFOWWCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ACNCDPURZLMTDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromo-4-[[2-ethyl-7-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl]-hydroxymethyl]phenol Chemical compound CCc1nc2cc(ccn2c1C(O)c1cc(Br)c(O)c(Br)c1)C(F)(F)F ACNCDPURZLMTDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KQUFGYCDEYVFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-4-[(2-ethyl-6-fluoroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-hydroxymethyl]-6-fluorophenol Chemical compound CCc1nc2ccc(F)cn2c1C(O)c1cc(F)c(O)c(Br)c1 KQUFGYCDEYVFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- XJYGBWCERLPZTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromo-4-[(2-ethyl-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-hydroxymethyl]phenol Chemical compound CCC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(O)C1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1 XJYGBWCERLPZTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RPIIAZJRPIUWRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromo-4-[(2-ethyl-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-methoxymethyl]phenol Chemical compound CCc1oc2ccccc2c1C(OC)c1cc(Br)c(O)c(Br)c1 RPIIAZJRPIUWRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LTJJRVMJQVLLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromo-4-[(2-ethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)methyl]phenol Chemical compound BrC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)CC1=C(N=C2N1C=CC=C2)CC)Br)O LTJJRVMJQVLLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005567 fluorenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- UGUHFDPGDQDVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-thiadiazole Chemical group C1=CSN=N1 UGUHFDPGDQDVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical group C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 206010003246 arthritis Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
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- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 66
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 64
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- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 40
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- WHQCHUCQKNIQEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzbromarone Chemical compound CCC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1 WHQCHUCQKNIQEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/34—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide
- A61K31/343—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide condensed with a carbocyclic ring, e.g. coumaran, bufuralol, befunolol, clobenfurol, amiodarone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/425—Thiazoles
- A61K31/429—Thiazoles condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/4353—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
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Abstract
本發明公開了一類URAT1抑制劑化合物以及該類化合物的應用,其爲式(I)結構所示的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,實驗表明,本發明提供的化合物對HEK293轉染細胞中hURAT1轉運尿酸具有十分良好的抑制作用,顯示該類化合物在治療高尿酸血症或痛風方面具有良好的應用前景。
Description
本發明屬於藥物化學領域,具體涉及一類URAT1抑制劑化合物以及該類化合物的應用。
尿酸是人體內嘌呤代謝的終產物。由於人體內缺乏尿酸降解酶,血尿酸無法進一步分解,多餘的尿酸需通過腎臟和腸道排出體外。腎臟是尿酸排泄的主要器官,約占人體尿酸排泄量的70%。因此,尿酸在腎臟中的轉運能力可直接調控血尿酸水平的高低。當體內代謝紊亂、尿酸量增加,或攝取過多的高嘌呤食物,而腎臟對尿酸排泄不暢,將使尿酸在血液中大量積蓄,從而導致高尿酸血症。一般認為,男性血清中尿酸含量超過7 mg/dL,女性血清中尿酸含量超過6 mg/dL時為高尿酸血症。約80-85% 高尿酸血症患者的病因是由於腎臟對尿酸的排泄不暢,使尿酸在血液中大量積蓄(Cheeseman C. Solute carrier family 2, member 9 and uric acid homeostasis. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension, 2009, 18(5): 428-432)。當人體內血尿酸濃度達到飽和,産生尿酸鹽結晶,沉積在關節、肌腱、腎臟等部位,就形成痛風(Richette P, Bardin T. Gout. Lancet. 2010, 375(9711): 318-328)。痛風會引起尿酸鹽腎病和尿酸性尿路結石,及導致腎功能不全;痛風及高尿酸血症還與高血脂、高血壓、糖尿病、動脈粥樣硬化等疾病呈顯著正相關(Rho YH, Woo JH, Choi SJ, et al. Association between serum uric acid and the adult treatment panel III-defined metabolic syndrome:results from a single hospital database. Metabolism. 2008, 57:(1)71-76)。痛風及高尿酸血症嚴重影響人們的健康和生活質量。
痛風是繼糖尿病之後的第二大代謝疾病,已被聯合國列為21世紀二十大頑症之一。隨著人類生活水平的提高及人類平均壽命的延長,高尿酸血症及痛風性疾病的發病率呈升高趨勢。痛風在普通人群中的發病率在1-2%左右,發達國家發病率較高。2007-2008年的一份調查報導稱,美國痛風病人已達830萬。英國和德國在2000-2005年間痛風的發病率已達1.4% (Annemans L, Spaepen E, Gaskin M, et al. Gout in the UK and Germany: prevalence, comorbidities, and management in general practice 2000-2005. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 2008, 67(7): 960-966)。中國近十幾年的痛風發病率直線上升,據報導稱中國痛風患者人數已超5000萬,且男性痛風患病概率遠高於女性。2010年進行的一項針對3978名40-74歲上海城市人口的流行病學研究表明,約有25%的男性患高尿酸血症(Raquel Villegas, Xiang YB, Cai QY, et al. Prevalence and determinants of hyperuricemia in middle-aged, urban Chinese men. Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, 2010, 8(3): 263-270)。約5-12%的高尿酸血症患者最終將發展成為痛風 (彭建彪、孫飄揚. 環烷基甲酸類衍生物、其製備方法及其在醫藥上的應用.上海恒瑞醫藥有限公司.WO2014183555A1)。
治療痛風急性發作的藥物主要包括秋水仙鹼、非甾體抗炎藥、促腎上腺皮質激素、糖皮質激素等鎮痛抗炎藥。秋水仙鹼對痛風的急性發作的療效好,但其有腹瀉、嘔吐、腹痛性痙攣等十分嚴重的不良反應;許多非甾體抗炎藥有嚴重的胃腸道反應。這些藥物僅可暫時緩解病人的疼痛,無法降低體內血尿酸濃度及清除體內沉積的尿酸鹽。
要根本地治療痛風必須通過服用降尿酸藥物,使血尿酸控制在正常水平。降低體內尿酸水平是一種長期的治療,主要由抑制尿酸生成和促尿酸排泄兩種方式。
黃嘌呤氧化酶是一種體內核苷酸的分解代謝酶,為尿酸生成的關鍵酶,尿酸生成抑制劑是以黃嘌呤氧化酶作為靶點,通過抑制其作用减少尿酸生成,從而有效降低血尿酸水平。該類藥物主要有:別嘌呤醇和非布索坦。別嘌呤醇使用劑量大,且會引起嚴重的過敏性皮疹,這種過敏性皮疹有時是致命性的,該藥物也有嚴重的肝功能損傷等副作用。而於2009年歐美上市的非布索坦也有十分嚴重的心血管和胃腸道副作用,也會導致頭疼及一定的肝損傷,使得痛風患者無法長期服用非布索坦來達到體內尿酸濃度的正常水平。
另一治療痛風的主要途徑是促進尿酸排泄。其作用機理是抑制腎臟近曲小管上皮細胞的人尿酸陰離子轉運蛋白1(human urate anion transporter 1, hURAT1)對尿酸的轉運作用,降低尿酸在腎臟近曲小管的重吸收,從而達到促進腎臟對尿酸的排泄作用。hURAT1在人腎臟近曲小管上皮細胞刷狀緣膜上特異性表達,是人體內最主要的尿酸重吸收蛋白,控制著約90%以上的腎小球濾過後尿酸的重吸收(Wempe MF, Jutabha P, Quade B, et al. Developing potent human uric acid transporter 1(hURAT1)inhibitors. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2011, 54: 2701-2713)。hURAT1是由SLC22A12基因編碼,存在多種突變,易引起尿酸代謝異常,一項Meta分析表明SLC22A12基因對血尿酸水平有0.13%的變量貢獻。(So A, Thorens B. Uric acid transport and disease. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2010, 120(6): 1791-1799)。
臨床目前主要用於治療痛風的促尿酸排泄藥URAT1抑制劑包括苯溴馬隆(Benzbromarone)、Zurampic、丙磺舒和苯磺唑酮。阿斯利康的Zurampic在2015年12月和2016年2月由美國和歐洲批准以200 mg/天的劑量與別嘌醇合用,其療效遠不如苯溴馬隆;並且,美國FDA要求Zurampic用黑框在說明書中標示其嚴重的腎臟毒性,該藥也有十分嚴重的心血管毒性及其它副作用。丙磺舒和苯磺唑酮療效十分差,且使用劑量大,副作用大。
苯溴馬隆仍為目前世界上最有效的促尿酸排泄藥之一,其化學名稱為3,5-二溴-4-羥苯基-2-乙基-3-苯並呋喃基-甲酮,是由法國Snaofi-Synthelabo公司研製,並於1976年上市。但因苯溴馬隆的嚴重肝臟毒性,沒能進入美國市場,2003年也從部分歐洲國家退出市場(Jansen TL, Reinders MK, van Roon EN, et al. Benzbromarone withdrawn from the European market: another case of "absence of evidence is evidence of absence". Clinical Experimental Rheumatology, 2004, 22(5):651)。該藥的另一缺點是對肝臟P450酶系中的CYP2C9有較強的抑制作用,除了導致肝臟毒性,還會引起藥物與藥物的相互作用。但因市場缺乏好的抗痛風藥物,仍然有中國、德國、日本、巴西、新西蘭等20多個國家在廣泛使用。
研究表明,苯溴馬隆肝毒性主要是由人體肝臟代謝所引起。該藥物易被肝臟的CYP2C9氧化代謝成6-羥基苯溴馬隆,再進一步被P450s酶系代謝成兩種鄰苯雙醌類產物,此類物質化學性質活潑,可通過與蛋白質或多肽的半胱氨酸殘基上的巰基共軛加成,使蛋白質變性失活,從而導致肝毒性。(Matthew G. McDonald MG, Rettie AE. Sequential metabolism and bioactivation of the hepatotoxin benzbromarone: formation of glutathione adducts from a catechol intermediate. Chemical Research in Toxicology. 2007, 20 (12):1833-1842)。苯溴馬隆還有諸如腹瀉、胃部不適、噁心、斑疹、潮紅、瘙癢等副作用。
目前,在臨床試驗的治療痛風藥物包括阿斯利康在II期臨床的URAT1抑制劑REDA-3170,Pfizer、BioCryst製藥公司、韓國LG life Sciences、Cymabay Therapeutics、JW 製藥公司、Chugai製藥公司、Fuji Yakuhin及Sanwa Kagaku的産品也在I期或II期臨床。江蘇恒瑞製藥的URAT1抑制劑在中國進入了I期臨床,其結構與阿斯利康的兩藥物有一定的相似性。但大部分臨床試驗藥物仍然面臨療效差、毒性大的問題。
目前,國內外抗痛風藥物少,而且這些藥物普遍存在療效差、副作用大等缺點,開發高效、低毒的抗痛風新藥在全球範圍內仍然是當務之急。
本發明的目的是在現有技術的基礎上,提供一系列新的化合物,旨在獲得毒性低且藥效佳的URAT1抑制劑用於高尿酸血症或痛風疾病的治療。實驗表明,本發明提供的化合物對HEK293轉染細胞中hURAT1轉運尿酸具有十分良好的抑制作用,顯示該類化合物在治療高尿酸血症或痛風方面具有良好的應用前景。
本發明的目的可以通過以下措施達到: 一種式(I)結構所示的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,(I) 其中, A環為含有雜原子的五元芳環或六元芳環; B環為含有兩個N原子的五元芳環或呋喃環; D為C或N原子; E為C或N原子; G為N或O原子,且當D和E均為C原子時G為O原子; Y為羰基、硫、碸基、亞碸基、任意取代的亞甲基或亞氨基;且當A環中的D或E為N原子使A環形成吡啶環時,或A環為苯環時,Y不為羰基; R1
為氫、氘、羥基、鹵素、硝基、氨基、氰基、C1 ~ 3
烷基、C1 ~ 3
取代烷基、C1 ~ 3
取代氨基、C1 ~3
烷氧基或C1 ~ 3
取代烷氧基; R2
為氫、氘、羥基、鹵素、硝基、氨基、氰基、C1 ~ 3
烷基、C1 ~ 3
取代烷基、C1 ~ 3
取代氨基、C1 ~3
烷氧基或C1 ~ 3
取代烷氧基; R3
為C1-4
烷基、C1-4
取代烷基或鹵素; m為0~3的整數; n為1~3的整數; 基團A環中的雜原子選自N、S或O中的一種或兩種,基團Y中的取代基選自羥基、氨基、氰基、羧基、C1 ~3
烷氧基或C1 ~ 3
烷基,基團R1
、R2
或R3
中的取代基選自羥基、鹵素、硝基、氨基或氰基。
在一種方案中,A環為苯環、吡啶環、嘧啶環、吡嗪環、吡啶環、三氮唑環、咪唑環、噻唑環、噁唑環、噁二唑環或噻二唑環,B環為咪唑環、吡唑環或呋喃環;且當A環中D或E為N原子使A環形成吡啶環時,或A環為苯環時,Y不為羰基。
在另一種方案中,本發明選自式(II)、式(III)、式(IV)或式(V)結構所示的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,(II)(III)(IV)(V) 其中,Z1
、Z2
、Z3
或Z4
分別獨立地為CH或N;X為S、O或NR4
; R4
為H、-CH3
或-CH2
CH3
;在式(II)、(III)和(V)中,當Z1
、Z2
、Z3
和Z4
均為CH時,Y不為羰基。 在一種優選方案中,本發明選自下述結構所示的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,(II-A)(II-B)(II-C)(II-D)(III-A)(IV-A)(IV-B)(IV-C)(IV-D)(V-A)(V-B), 並且在式(II-D)和式(III-A)中,Y不為羰基。
在一種優選方案中,以上各式中的Y為CH-OH、CH-NH2
、CH-CN、NH(亞氨基)、N-CH3
或C=O(羰基)基團,R3
為C2-3
烷基;且當A環中D或E為N原子使A環形成吡啶環時,或A環為苯環時,Y不為羰基或在式(II-D)和式(III-A)中,Y不為羰基。
在一種優選方案中,R1
為氫、氘、羥基、鹵素、硝基、氨基、氰基、C1 ~ 3
烷基、C1 ~3
鹵代烷基、C1 ~3
烷氧基或C1 ~3
鹵代烷氧基,m為0、1或2。
在一種優選方案中,R2
為氫、鹵素、硝基、氰基、C1 ~ 3
烷基、C1 ~3
鹵代烷基,n為1或2。
在一種更優選的方案中,本發明的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中化合物選自: (3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]嘧啶-3-基)甲酮, (3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[2,1-b]噻唑-5-基)甲酮, (3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-基)甲酮, 3-溴-5-[(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]-2-羥基苯甲腈, 5-[(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]-2-羥基苯甲腈, 2,6-二溴-4-[(6-乙基咪唑並[2,1-b]噻唑-5-基)羥甲基]苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚, 2-溴-4-[(2-乙基-6-氟咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]-6-氟苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-[( 2-乙基吡唑並[1,5-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-[(6-溴-2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-{[2-乙基-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基]羥甲基}苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基苯並呋喃-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基咪唑幷[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)甲基]苯酚, (3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(6-乙基咪唑並[2,1-b][1,3,4]噻二唑-5-基)甲酮, 2-溴-4-(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基-6-甲基苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基苯並呋喃-3-基)(甲氧基)甲基]苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-{(2-乙基-7-甲氧基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基}苯酚, (3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-丙基呋喃並[2,3-b]吡啶-3-基)甲酮。
本發明化合物的製備方法如下: 通式一:該通式中將氨基A環(吡啶、嘧啶、噻唑、吡嗪等)類化合物製成醯胺(或脒)類化合物後與取代的溴代苯乙酮反應得到相應的咪唑並A環(吡啶、嘧啶、噻唑、吡嗪等)類化合物,該化合物經過去甲基、鹵化反應、和/或還原反應或其他反應得到相應的目標產物。 通式二:該通式中將氨基A環(吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪等)鹽跟炔進行關環反應得到相應的吡唑並A環(吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪等)化合物,然後依次進行水解和脫羧所得到的化合物跟醯氯在路易斯酸催化下反應,得到二芳基酮類化合物,再經過去甲基化、鹵化反應、和/或還原反應或其他反應得到相應的目標產物。
合成方法中各基團的定義如上所述。
除非另有說明,下列用在申請專利範圍和說明書中的術語有如下含義: 「五元芳環」,是指由五個環原子構成的具有共軛的平面環結構稠合環基團,它具有芳性且環原子可以為除碳原子外的其他原子,即雜原子。當五元芳環中含有雜原子時,該雜原子可以為N、S或O,雜原子的數目幷不局限于一個,可以有兩個、三個等。本發明中的含有雜原子的五元芳環包括但不限于三氮唑環、咪唑環、噻唑環、噁唑環、噁二唑環或噻二唑環等。 「六元芳環」,是指由六個環原子構成的具有共軛的平面環結構稠合環基團,它具有芳性且環原子可以為除碳原子之外的其他原子,即雜原子。當六元芳環中含有雜原子時,該雜原子可以為N、S或O,雜原子的數目並不局限於一個,可以有兩個、三個等。本發明中的含有雜原子的六元芳環包括但不限於吡啶環、嘧啶環、吡嗪環等。 「氫」,是指氕(1H),它是氫元素的主要穩定同位素。 「氘」,是指氫的一種穩定形態同位素,也被稱為重氫,其元素符號為D。 「鹵素」,是指氟原子,氯原子,溴原子或碘原子。 「烷基」,表示1-20個碳原子的飽和的脂烴基,包括直鏈和支鏈基團(本申請書中提到的數字範圍,例如「1-20」,是指該基團,此時為烷基,可以含1個碳原子、2個碳原子、3個碳原子等,直至包括20個碳原子)。含1-4個碳原子的烷基稱為低級烷基。當低級烷基沒有取代基時,稱其為未取代的低級烷基。更優選的是,烷基是有2-5個碳原子的中等大小的烷基。本發明中的烷基例如甲基、乙基、丙基、2-丙基、正丁基、異丁基、叔丁基、戊基等。最好是,烷基為有1-4個碳原子的低級烷基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、2-丙基、正丁基、異丁基或叔丁基等。烷基可以是取代的或未取代的。 「烷氧基」,表示-O-(未取代的烷基)和-O-(未取代的環烷基)基團,其進一步表示-O-(未取代的烷基)。代表性實施例包括但不限於甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、環丙氧基、環丁氧基、環戊氧基、環己氧基等。 「羰基」,表示C=O基團。 「碸基」,表示-S(O)2
-基團。 「亞碸基」,表示-S(O)-基團。 「亞甲基」,表示-CH2
-基團。 「亞氨基」,表示-NH-基團。 「羥基」,表示-OH基團。 「硝基」,表示-NO2
基團。 「氨基」,表示-NH2
基團。 「羧基」,表示-COOH基團。 「氰基」,表示-CN基團。
「藥學上可接受的鹽」,是包含通式(I)的化合物與有機酸或無機酸形成的鹽,表示保留母體化合物的生物有效性和性質的那些鹽。這類鹽包括: (1)與酸成鹽,通過母體化合物的游離鹼與無機酸或有機酸的反應而得,無機酸例如(但不限於)鹽酸、氫溴酸、硝酸、磷酸、偏磷酸、硫酸、亞硫酸和高氯酸等,有機酸例如(但不限於)乙酸、丙酸、丙烯酸、草酸、(D)或(L)蘋果酸、富馬酸、馬來酸、羥基苯甲酸、γ-羥基丁酸、甲氧基苯甲酸、鄰苯二甲酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、萘-1-磺酸、萘-2-磺酸、對甲苯磺酸、水楊酸、酒石酸、檸檬酸、乳酸、扁桃酸、琥珀酸或丙二酸等。 (2)存在於母體化合物中的酸性質子被金屬離子代替或者與有機鹼配位化合所生成的鹽,金屬離子例如鹼金屬離子、鹼土金屬離子或鋁離子,有機鹼例如乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、氨丁三醇、N-甲基葡糖胺等。
「藥物組合物」,指的是在此描述的一種或多種化合物或者它們的藥學上可接受的鹽和前藥與其它的化學成分,例如藥學上可接受的載體和賦形劑的混合物。藥物組合物的目的是促進化合物對生物體的給藥。
在下文中,除非特別地限制,作為治療劑活性成分的式(I)化合物包括它們的所有藥學上可接受的鹽,它們應當理解為落入本發明的範圍內。在本說明書中,僅僅為了方便,將它們簡稱為「式(I)的化合物」。
本發明包括一種藥物組合物,其包含本發明中任一所述化合物、其藥學上可接受的鹽或其易水解的前藥酯作為活性成分,輔以藥學上可接受的輔料。
本發明的各化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽毒性低且藥效佳,可應用於製備促尿酸排泄藥物方面,特別是應用於製備治療或預防高尿酸血症或痛風藥物方面。實驗表明,本發明提供的化合物對HEK293轉染細胞中hURAT1轉運尿酸具有十分良好的抑制作用,顯示該類化合物在治療高尿酸血症或痛風方面具有良好的應用前景。
以下結合實施例對本發明做進一步說明,但本發明的範圍並不局限于下述各實施例。
實施例1:(3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]嘧啶-3-基)甲酮(4)的合成。
步驟A:將含有2-氨基嘧啶(570 mg,6.0 mmol)、三氯氧磷(4.6 g,30.0 mmol)、N,N-二甲基丙醯胺(910 mg,9.0 mmol)和甲苯(15 mL)的混合物在110 ℃攪拌2小時。冷卻到室溫,將反應混合物倒入冰水(60 mL)中,然後用2 M氫氧化鈉水溶液調節pH值至8 ~ 9。用乙酸乙酯(40 mL×5)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:1~20:1洗脫),得N,N-二甲基-N’-(嘧啶-2-基)丙脒(1)(250 mg)。收率爲23.4%。
步驟B:將含有化合物1(240 mg,1.35 mmol)、2-溴-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙酮(308 mg,1.35 mmol)和DMF(10 mL)的混合物在室溫下攪拌2小時,然後升溫到60 ℃並繼續攪拌1.5小時。冷卻到室溫,加入水(40 mL),用飽和碳酸鈉水溶液調節pH值至7 ~ 8,然後用乙酸乙酯(40 mL×3)萃取,合並的有機相依次用水(20 mL)和飽和食鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:4 ~ 2:5洗脫),得 (2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]嘧啶-3-基)(4-甲氧基苯基)甲酮(2)(190 mg)。收率爲50.0%。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 9.45-9.43 (m,1H),8.77-8.75 (m,1H),7.74 (dd,J = 2.0,6.8 Hz,2H),7.31-7.29 (m,1H),7.12 (dd,J = 2.0,6.8 Hz,2H),3.88 (s,3H),2.52-2.51 (m,2H),1.15 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。
步驟C:在冰水浴下,將1.0 M三溴化硼甲苯溶液(1.7 mL)滴加到化合物2(120 mg,0.427 mmol)的無水二氯甲烷(10 mL)溶液中,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。將反應混合物倒入冰水(20 mL)中,用飽和碳酸氫鈉水溶液調節pH值至7 ~ 8。用乙酸乙酯(30 mL×3)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚:THF=1:5:1 ~ 5:5:1洗脫),得(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]嘧啶-3-基)(4-羥基苯基)甲酮(3)(101 mg)。收率爲88.5%。
步驟D:將溴(66 mg,0.413 mmol)的醋酸(2 mL)溶液滴加到化合物3(50 mg,0.187 mmol)和乙酸鈉(46 mg,0.561 mmol)的醋酸(5 mL)溶液中,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌0.5小時。向反應混合物中滴加飽和亞硫酸氫鈉水溶液,直到顔色褪去。減壓蒸除溶劑,然後加入水(30 mL),用飽和碳酸氫鈉水溶液調節pH值至7 ~ 8。用乙酸乙酯(40 mL×2)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,所得產物用乙酸乙酯/石油醚再結晶,得(3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]嘧啶-3-基)甲酮(4)。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 9.42 (dd,J = 2.0,6.8 Hz,1H),8.78 (dd,J = 2.0,7.6 Hz,1H),7.91 (s,2H),7.34-7.31 (m,1H),2.51-2.48 (m,2H),1.20 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):426.0 [M+H]+
。
實施例2:(3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[2,1-b]噻唑-5-基)甲酮(8)的合成。
步驟A:將含有2-氨基噻唑(600 mg,6.0 mmol)、三氯氧磷(4.6 g,30.0 mmol)、N,N-二甲基丙醯胺(910 mg,9.0 mmol)和甲苯(15 mL)的混合物在110 ℃攪拌2小時。冷卻到室溫,將反應混合物倒入冰水(60 mL)中,然後用2 M氫氧化鈉水溶液調節pH值至8 ~ 9。用乙酸乙酯(40 mL×3)萃取,合並的有機相依次用水(20 mL)和飽和食鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,得N,N-二甲基-N’-(噻唑-2-基)丙脒(5)(890 mg)。收率爲80.9%。
步驟B:將含有化合物5(439 mg,2.40 mmol)、2-溴-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙酮(604 mg,2.64 mmol)和DMF(10 mL)的混合物在室溫下攪拌1小時,然後升溫到60 ℃並繼續攪拌2小時,再升溫到130 ℃攪拌過夜。冷卻到室溫,加入水(40 mL),用飽和碳酸鈉水溶液調節pH值至7 ~ 8,然後用乙酸乙酯(40 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相依次用水(20 mL)和飽和食鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:30 ~ 1:20洗脫),得(6-乙基咪唑並[2,1-b]噻唑-5-基)(4-甲氧基苯基)甲酮(6)(311 mg)。收率爲45.3%。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 8.14 (d,J = 4.4 Hz,1H),7.70 (d,J = 8.8 Hz,2H),7.45 (d,J = 4.4 Hz,1H),7.09 (d,J = 8.8 Hz,2H),3.87 (s,3H),2.45 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.10 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。
步驟C:在冰水浴下,將1.0 M三溴化硼甲苯溶液(1.6 mL)滴加到化合物6(113 mg,0.395 mmol)的無水二氯甲烷(10 mL)溶液中,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。將反應混合物倒入冰水(20 mL)中,用飽和碳酸氫鈉水溶液調節pH值至7 ~ 8。用乙酸乙酯(30 mL×3)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:二氯甲烷=1:2洗脫),得(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]嘧啶-3-基)(4-羥基苯基)甲酮(7)(39 mg)。收率爲36.3%。
步驟D:將NBS(48 mg,0.270 mmol)加入到化合物7(37 mg,0.136 mmol)的DMF(3 mL)溶液中,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌0.5小時。加入水(20 mL),過濾,濾餅用大量水洗滌,所得固體用THF/乙酸乙酯混合溶劑溶解,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。然後通過矽膠墊過濾,得(3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[2,1-b]噻唑-5-基)甲酮(8)(40 mg)。收率爲68.4%。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 8.14 (d,J = 4.4 Hz,1H),7.86 (s,2H),7.46 (d,J = 4.4 Hz,1H),2.43 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.15 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):430.9 [M+H]+
。
實施例3:(3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-基)甲酮(12)的合成。
步驟A:在冰水浴下,向含有2-氨基吡嗪(2.0 g,21.0 mmol)、三氯氧磷(4.84 g,31.6 mmol)、N,N-二甲基丙醯胺(2.34 g,23.1 mmol)和氯仿(20 mL)的混合物中滴加三乙胺(4.68 g,46.2 mmol),加完後,所得混合物在回流下攪拌過夜。將反應混合物倒入冰水(60 mL)中,然後用2 M氫氧化鈉水溶液調節pH值至8 ~ 9。用二氯甲烷(50 mL×5)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(30 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。然後通過短矽膠柱過濾,減壓蒸除溶劑,得N,N-二甲基-N’-(吡嗪-2-基)丙脒(9)(1.82 g)。該化合物不經純化直接用於下一步反應。
步驟B:將含有化合物9粗品(900 mg)、2-溴-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙酮(1.27 g,5.54 mmol)和THF(25 mL)的混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。加入水(50 mL),用飽和碳酸鈉水溶液調節pH值至7 ~ 8,然後用乙酸乙酯(50 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相依次用水(20 mL)和飽和食鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:4 ~ 2:5洗脫),得(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-基)(4-甲氧基苯基)甲酮(10)(160 mg)。步驟A和B兩步反應總收率爲5.5%。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 9.23 (d,J = 1.2 Hz,1H),8.93-8.91 (m,1H),8.14 (d,J = 4.8 Hz,1H),7.76 (dd,J = 2.0,6.8 Hz,2H),7.12 (dd,J = 2.0,6.8 Hz,2H),3.89 (s,3H),2.57 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.17 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。
步驟C和D的實驗操作參見實施例1中的步驟C和D,得(3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-基)甲酮(12)。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) 9.11 (d,J = 1.6 Hz,1H),8.59-8.58 (m,1H),7.98-7.97 (m,1H),7.72 (s,2H),2.71 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.27 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):426.0 [M+H]+
。
實施例4:3-溴-5-[(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]-2-羥基苯甲腈(20)的合成。
步驟A:將2-氨基吡啶(2.0 g,21.3 mmol)和三乙胺(2.58 g,25.5 mmol)溶解於二氯甲烷(20 mL),然後在冰水浴下滴加丙醯氯(2.07 g,22.4 mmol),所得混合物自然升溫到室溫並繼續攪拌過夜。加入水(40 mL),用二氯甲烷(40 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(30 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:15 ~ 1:10洗脫),得N
-(吡啶2-基)丙醯胺(13)(2.74 g)。收率爲85.6%。
步驟B:在冰水浴下,將4-甲氧基苯乙酮(44 g,293 mmol)加到含有1-氯甲基-4-氟-1,4-二氮雜雙環[2.2.2]辛烷二(四氟硼酸)鹽(104 g,294 mmol)、碘(38.6 g,152 mmol)和乙腈(440 mL)的混合物中。加畢,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。向反應混合物中加入水(1350 mL),有大量固體析出。過濾,乾燥,得3-碘-4-甲氧基苯乙酮(14)(70 g)。收率爲86.5%。
步驟C:將含有化合物14(70.0 g,254 mmol)、氰化亞銅(34.0 g,380 mmol)和DMF(400 mL)的混合物在130 ℃攪拌過夜。冷卻到室溫,經矽藻土過濾後,加入水(1600 mL),用乙酸乙酯(800 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相依次用水(400 mL×2)和飽和食鹽水(400 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,得5-乙醯基-2-甲氧基苯甲腈(15)(50.0 g)。該化合物不經進一步處理直接用於下一步反應。
步驟D:將溴(49.0 g,307 mmol)的甲醇(50 mL)溶液滴加到化合物15粗品(45.0 g)的甲醇(250 mL)溶液中,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。加入水(900 mL),過濾,乾燥,得5-(2-溴-乙醯基)-2-羥基-3-甲基苯甲腈(16)(41.0 g)。步驟B和C兩步反應總收率爲70.6%。
步驟E:將含有化合物16(41.0 g,161 mmol)、化合物13(24.0 g,161 mmol)和甲苯(600 mL)的混合物在回流下攪拌48小時。冷卻到室溫,加入水(400 mL),用飽和碳酸氫鈉溶液調節pH值至7~ 8。用乙酸乙酯(600 mL×3)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:30 ~ 2:1洗脫),得5-(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-羰基)-2-甲氧基苯甲腈(17)(25.7 g)。收率爲52.3%。
步驟F:在冰水浴下,將60%氫化鈉(4.8 g,120 mmol)分批加入到乙硫醇(8.4 mL)的THF(30 mL)溶液中,攪拌約5分鐘後過濾,收集濾餅。再將該濾餅加入到含有化合物17(9.0 g,29.5 mmol)和DMF(25 mL)的混合物中,所得混合物在60 ℃攪拌2小時。冷卻到室溫,經矽藻土過濾後,加入水(100 mL),用2 M檸檬酸水溶液調節pH值至5 ~ 6。過濾,濾餅用乙腈再結晶,得5-(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-羰基)-2-羥基苯甲腈(18)(7.2 g)。收率爲83.8%。
步驟G:將NBS(5.28 g,29.7 mmol)分批加入到化合物18(7.2 g,24.7 mmol)的DMF(70 mL)溶液中,加畢,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌1小時。加入水(210 mL),過濾,濾餅用水(100 mL×3)洗滌,再用乙腈再結晶,得3-溴-5-(2-乙基咪唑幷[1,2-a]吡啶-3-羰基)-2-羥基苯甲腈(19)(7.0 g)。收率爲76.8%。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,300 MHz) δ 9.01 (d,J = 6.9 Hz,1H),8.02 (s,1H),7.83 (s,1H),7.78-7.75 (m,1H),7.65-7.59 (m,1H),7.22-7.17 (m,1H),2.58-2.50 (m,2H),1.19 (t,J = 7.2 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):368.0 [M-H]-
。
步驟H:向化合物19(50 mg,0.135 mmol)的甲醇(5 mL)溶液中加入硼氫化鈉(50 mg,1.32 mmol),所得混合物在室溫下攪拌0.5小時後,再加入硼氫化鈉(50 mg,1.32 mmol)。攪拌0.5小時後,加入水(20 mL),用2 M檸檬酸水溶液調節pH值至5 ~ 6,然後用乙酸乙酯/THF(7V/1V,30 mL×3)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚:THF=10:30: 1 ~ 20:10:1洗脫),得3-溴-5-[(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]-2-羥基苯甲腈(20)。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 8.18 (d,J = 7.2 Hz,1H),7.66 (d,J = 1.6 Hz,1H),7.52-7.50 (m,2H),7.24-7.20 (m,1H),6.84-6.82 (m,1H),6.33 (s,1H),6.23 (s,1H),2.71 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.24 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):372.1 [M+H]+
。
實施例5:5-[(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]-2-羥基苯甲腈(21)的合成。
以化合物18爲原料,化合物21的製備方法參見實施例4中的步驟H。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 8.14 (d,J = 6.8 Hz,1H),7.48-7.45 (m,2H),7.25-7.22 (m,1H),7.18-7.14 (m,1H),6.85-6.83 (m,1H),6.78-6.74 (m,1H),6.16 (s,1H),2.71 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.24 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):294.1 [M+H]+
。
實施例6: 2,6-二溴-4-[(6-乙基咪唑並[2,1-b]噻唑-5-基)羥甲基]苯酚(22)的合成。
以化合物8爲原料,化合物22的製備方法參見實施例4中的步驟H。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 9.93 (s,1H),7.52 (d,J = 4.8 Hz,1H),7.46 (s,2H),7.12 (d,J = 4.4 Hz,1H),6.24 (s,1H),6.02 (s,1H),2.59 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.17 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):432.9 [M+H]+
。
實施例7:2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚(23)的合成。
以化合物12爲原料,化合物23的製備方法參見實施例4中的步驟H。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) 9.98 (s,1H),8.97 (d,J = 1.2 Hz,1H),8.27-8.26 (m,1H),7.81 (d,J = 4.4 Hz,1H),7.47 (s,2H),6.46 (d,J = 4.4 Hz,1H),6.30 (d,J = 4.0 Hz,1H),2.75 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.24 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):425.9 [M-H]-
。
實施例8:2-溴-4-[(2-乙基-6-氟咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]-6-氟苯酚(28)的合成。
步驟A:將2-氨基-5-氟吡啶(2.5 g,22.3 mmol)和三乙胺(2.71 g,26.8 mmol)溶解於二氯甲烷(25 mL),然後在冰水浴下滴加丙醯氯(2.17 g,23.5 mmol),所得混合物自然升溫到室溫並繼續攪拌過夜。加入水(40 mL),用二氯甲烷(40 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(30 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:5洗脫),得N
-(5-氟吡啶2-基)丙醯胺(24)(3.04 g)。收率爲81.1%。
步驟B:將NBS(977 mg,5.49 mmol)分批加入到3-氟-4-羥基苯乙酮(806 mg,5.23 mmol)的DMF(10 mL)中,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。加入水(50 mL),用乙酸乙酯(50 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相依次用水(30 mL×3)和飽和食鹽水(30 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,所得產物用石油醚/乙酸乙酯再結晶,得3-溴-5-氟-4-羥基苯乙酮(25)(1.0 g)。收率爲82.0%。
步驟C:將溴(824 mg,5.16 mmol)的甲醇(5 mL)溶液滴加到化合物25(1.0 g,4.29 mmol)的甲醇(20 mL)溶液中,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。加入水(60 mL),用乙酸乙酯(60 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(30 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:5洗脫),得2-溴-1-(3-溴-5-氟-4-羥基苯基)乙酮(26)(940 mg)。收率爲70.2%。
步驟D:將含有化合物24(210 mg,1.25 mmol)、化合物26(300 mg,0.962 mmol)和N-甲基吡咯烷酮(10 mL)的混合物在150 ℃攪拌過夜。冷卻到室溫,加入水(50 mL),用飽和碳酸氫鈉水溶液調節pH值至7 ~ 8,再用2 M檸檬酸水溶液調節pH值至5 ~ 6。用乙酸乙酯(50 mL×3)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:25 ~ 1:5洗脫),得(3-溴-5-氟-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基-6-氟咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)甲酮(27)。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,500 MHz) δ 11.44 (s,1H),9.24-9.22 (m,1H),7.88-7.85 (m,1H),7.75-7.71 (m,2H),7.63-7.60 (m,1H),2.47 (q,J = 7.5 Hz,2H),1.18 (t,J = 7.5 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):379.0 [M-H]-
。
步驟E:向化合物27(80 mg,0.210 mmol)的甲醇(10 mL)溶液中加入硼氫化鈉(80 mg,2.11 mmol)和氯化鋰(14 mg,0.330 mmol),所得混合物在35℃攪拌2.5小時。加入水(20 mL),用2 M檸檬酸水溶液調節pH值至5 ~ 6,然後用乙酸乙酯(30 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。經過短矽膠墊過濾後,減壓蒸除溶劑,所得產物用乙酸乙酯/石油醚再結晶,得2-溴-4-[(2-乙基-6-氟咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]-6-氟苯酚(28)。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 10.43 (s,1H),8.27-8.25 (m,1H),7.59-7.56 (m,1H),7.31-7.25 (m,2H),7.15-7.12 (m,1H),6.33 (d,J = 4.0 Hz,1H),6.21 (d,J = 4.0 Hz,1H),2.66 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.21 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):383.0 [M+H]+
。
實施例9:2,6-二溴-4-[( 2-乙基吡唑並[1,5-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚(35)的合成。
步驟A:將含有1-氨基碘化吡啶(15.54 g,70.0 mmol)、2-戊炔酸乙酯(9.72 g,77.1 mmol)、碳酸鉀(21.26 g,154 mmol)和DMF(150 mL)的混合物在室溫下攪拌4.5小時。加入水(450 mL),過濾,濾餅用水(100 mL)洗滌,得2-乙基吡唑並[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲酸乙酯(29)(12.25 g)。該化合物不經乾燥直接用於下一步反應。
步驟B:將含有化合物29濕品(12.25 g)、乙醇(30 mL)、THF(30 mL)和2 M氫氧化鈉水溶液(70 mL)的混合物在60 ℃攪拌過夜。減壓蒸除約一半溶劑,加入水(150 mL),用2 M鹽酸調節pH值至5 ~ 6。過濾,得2-乙基吡唑並[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲酸(30)(10.0 g)。該化合物不經乾燥直接用於下一步反應。
步驟C:將含有化合物30濕品(5.6 g)懸浮在水(100 mL)中,加入濃硫酸(4 mL),所得混合物在80 ℃攪拌3小時。冷卻到室溫,用2 M氫氧化鈉水溶液調節pH值至8 ~ 9。用乙酸乙酯(40 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相依次用水(30 mL)和飽和食鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,得2-乙基吡唑並[1,5-a]吡啶(31)(3.18 g)。步驟A、B和C三步反應總收率爲47.7%。
步驟D:將含有化合物31(584 mg,3.99 mmol)、4-甲氧基苯甲醯氯(680 mg,3.99 mmol)和三氯化鋁(800 mg,6.0 mmol)的混合物在100 ℃攪拌過夜。稍微冷卻後,加入乙酸乙酯(30 mL)和水(30 mL),用2 M氫氧化鈉水溶液調節pH值至9 ~ 10。分層,收集有機層。水層用乙酸乙酯(30 mL×2)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:30 ~ 1:10洗脫),得 (2-乙基吡唑並[1,5-a]吡啶-3-基)(4-甲氧基苯基)甲酮(32)(305 mg)。收率爲27.3%。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,300 MHz) δ 8.79 (d,J = 6.9 Hz,1H),7.66 (d,J = 8.7 Hz,2H),7.44-7.39 (m,1H),7.33-7.30 (m,1H),7.08-7.03 (m,3H),3.86 (s,3H),2.84 (q,J = 7.5 Hz,2H),1.21 (t,J = 7.5 Hz,3H)。
步驟E:將60%氫化鈉(218 mg,5.45 mmol)分批加到乙硫醇(338 mg,5.44 mmol)的DMF(3 mL)溶液中,攪拌約5分鐘後將化合物32(305 mg,1.09 mmol)的DMF(3 mL)溶液加入上述反應混合物中,所得混合物在120 ℃攪拌2小時。冷卻到室溫,加入水(30 mL),用稀鹽酸調節pH值至7 ~ 8。然後用乙酸乙酯(30 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相依次用水(20 mL×3)和飽和食鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,得(2-乙基吡唑並[1,5-a]吡啶-3-基)(4-羥基苯基)甲酮(33)(420 mg)。該化合物不經純化直接用於下一步反應。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,300 MHz) δ 10.22 (s,1H),8.76 (d,J = 6.6 Hz,1H),7.56 (d,J = 8.4 Hz,2H),7.42-7.31 (m,2H),7.05-7.01 (m,1H),6.87 (d,J = 8.4 Hz,2H),2.84 (q,J = 7.5 Hz,2H),1.20 (t,J = 7.5 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):265.1 [M-H]-
。
步驟F:將溴(67 mg,0.419 mmol)的醋酸(1 mL)溶液滴加到化合物33(73 mg)和無水乙酸鈉(46.3 mg,0.564 mmol)的醋酸(5 mL)溶液中,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。向反應混合物中滴加稀亞硫酸氫鈉水溶液,直到顔色褪去。減壓蒸除溶劑,加入適量水,用飽和碳酸氫鈉水溶液調節pH值至7 ~ 8。用乙酸乙酯(40 mL×2)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:20 ~ 1:1洗脫),得(3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基吡唑並[1,5-a]吡啶-3-基)甲酮(34)(60 mg)。步驟A和B兩步反應總收率爲75.4%。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,300 MHz) δ 10.77 (s,1H),8.81 (d,J = 6.9 Hz,1H),7.80 (s,2H),7.50-7.40 (m,2H),7.12-7.07 (m,1H),2.82 (q,J = 7.5 Hz,2H),1.23 (t,J = 7.5 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):420.9 [M-H]-
。
步驟G:向含有化合物34(160 mg,0.377 mmol)、甲醇(15 mL)和濃氨水(5 mL)的混合物中加入硼氫化鈉(143 mg,3.78 mmol)。所得混合物在回流下攪拌0.5小時後,加入硼氫化鈉(143 mg,3.78 mmol),繼續攪拌0.5小時,再加入硼氫化鈉(143 mg,3.78 mmol),在該溫度下繼續攪拌1小時。冷卻到室溫,加入水(20 mL),用2 M檸檬酸水溶液調節pH值至5 ~ 6,然後用乙酸乙酯(30 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:5洗脫),得2,6-二溴-4-[( 2-乙基吡唑並[1,5-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚(35)。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) 9.84 (s,1H),8.55-8.54 (m,1H),7.46-7.43 (m,3H),7.14-7.10 (m,1H),6.79-6.76 (m,1H),5.98 (d,J = 4.0 Hz,1H),5.88 (d,J = 4.0 Hz,1H),2.72 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.18 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):425.0 [M-H]-
。
實施例10:2,6-二溴-4-[(6-溴-2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚(40)的合成。
步驟A:在-10~0 ℃下,將60%氫化鈉(1.68 g,42 mmol)分批加入到對甲氧基苯乙酮(3.0 g,20.0 mmol)的DMF(15 mL)溶液中。加完後在該溫度下繼續攪拌40分鐘,然後滴入丙酸乙酯(2.04 g,20 mmol)。加畢,自然升溫到室溫攪拌過夜。加入水(60 mL),用乙酸乙酯(30 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(20 mL×2)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:30洗脫),得1-(4-甲氧基苯基)戊烷-1.3-二酮(36)(3.16 g)。收率爲76.6%。
步驟B:將2-氨基-5-溴吡啶(1.3 g,7.51 mmol)和化合物36(1.86 g,9.02 mmol)溶解於THF(26 mL),然後在冰水浴下依次加入碘苯二乙酸(2.9 g,9.00 mmol)和三氟化硼乙醚(220 mg,1.55 mmol),加畢,自然升到室溫攪拌過夜。加入水(30 mL),用飽和碳酸氫鈉溶液調節pH值至7 ~ 8,然後用乙酸乙酯(30 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:30洗脫),得(6-溴-2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)(4-甲氧基苯基)甲酮(37)(575 mg)。收率爲21.3%。
步驟C和D的實驗操作參見實施例1中的步驟C和D。
步驟E的實驗操作參見實施例4中的步驟H,得2,6-二溴-4-[(6-溴-2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚(40)。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 9.98 (s,1H),8.40 (d,J = 1.2 Hz,1H),7.55-7.48 (m,1H),7.45 (s,2H),7.35-7.32 (m,1H),6.38 (d,J = 4.0 Hz,1H),6.26 (d,J = 4.0 Hz,1H),2.60 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.18 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):502.9 [M-H]-
。
實施例11:2,6-二溴-4-{[2-乙基-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基]羥甲基}苯酚(41)的合成。
化合物41的製備方法參見實施例10,其中實施例10步驟B中的2-氨基-5-溴吡啶用2-氨基-4-三氟甲基吡啶替代。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 8.39 (d,J = 7.2 Hz,1H),8.00 (s,1H),7.44 (s,2H),7.12-7.10 (m,1H),6.54 (s,1H),6.46 (s,1H),6.30 (s,1H),2.76 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.25 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):494.9 [M+H]+
。
實施例12:2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基苯並呋喃-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚(42)的合成。
以(3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)( 2-乙基苯並呋喃-3-基)甲酮爲原料,化合物42
的製備方法參見實施例4中的步驟H。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 9.87 (s,1H),7.53 (s,2H),7.48-7.46 (m,1H),7.40-7.38 (m,1H),7.22-7.18 (m,1H),7.14-7.11 (m,1H),6.03 (d,J = 4.0 Hz,1H),5.92 (d,J = 4.0 Hz,1H),2.90 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.25 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):425.0 [M-H]-
。
實施例13:2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)甲基]苯酚(47)的合成。
步驟A:將含有化合物13(300 mg,2.0 mmol)、2-溴-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙酮(460 mg,2.0 mmol)和甲苯(10 mL)的混合物在回流下攪拌48小時。冷卻到室溫,加入水(30 mL),用飽和碳酸鉀水溶液調節pH值至8 ~ 9。用二氯甲烷(40 mL×3)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:30 ~ 1:1洗脫),得(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)(4-甲氧基苯基)甲酮(43)(254 mg)。收率爲45.3%。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,500 MHz) δ 9.18 (d,J = 7.0 Hz,1H),7.74-7.69 (m,3H),7.58-7.55 (m,1H),7.17-7.14 (m,1H),7.09 (d,J = 8.5 Hz,2H),3.87 (s,3H),2.45 (q,J = 7.5 Hz,2H),1.11 (t,J = 7.5 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):281.1 [M+H]+
。
步驟B:將硼氫化鈉(267 mg,7.06 mmol)分批加入到化合物43(1.32 g,4.71 mmol)的甲醇(20 mL)溶液中。加完後,繼續攪拌20分鐘。加入水(100 mL),有大量固體析出。過濾,濾餅用乙酸乙酯(120 mL)溶解,然後用飽和食鹽水(30 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,得(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)(4-甲氧基苯基)甲酮(44)(1.29 g)。收率爲97.0%。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 8.14-8.12 (m,1H),7.48-7.45 (m,1H),7.24 (d,J = 8.4 Hz,2H),7.16-7.12 (m,1H),6.90-6.88 (m,2H),6.74-6.72 (m,1H),6.23 (s,1H),6.07 (s,1H),3.72 (s,3H),2.74 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.26(t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。
步驟C:向含有化合物44(1.06 g,3.75 mmol)和三氟化硼乙醚(2.66 g,18.7 mmol)的二氯甲烷(40 mL)溶液中加入三乙基矽烷(1.31 g,11.3 mmol),所得混合物在室溫下攪拌3小時。加入水(40 mL),用飽和碳酸氫鈉溶液調節pH值至7 ~ 8。分層,水層用二氯甲烷(40 mL×2)萃取,合併的有機層用飽和食鹽水(30 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,所得產物用二氯甲烷/石油醚再結晶,得2-乙基-3-(4-甲氧基苄基)咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶(45)(896 mg)。收率爲89.7%。
步驟D和E的實驗操作參見實施例1中的步驟C和D,得2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)甲基]苯酚(47)。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) 9.84 (s,1H),8.15 (d,J = 6.8 Hz,1H),7.49 (d,J = 8.8 Hz,1H),7.29 (s,2H),7.20-7.16 (m,1H),6.86-6.83 (m,1H),4.25 (s,2H),2.75 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.25 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):409.0 [M-H]-
。
實施例14:(3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(6-乙基咪唑並[2,1-b][1,3,4]噻二唑-5-基)甲酮(49)的合成。
化合物49的製備方法參見實施例2中的步驟A和B,其中實施例2步驟A中的2-氨基噻唑用2-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑替代,實施例2步驟B中的2-溴-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙酮用2-溴-1-(3,5-二溴4-羥基苯基)乙酮替代。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) 9.23 (s,1H),7.84 (s,2H),2.69 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.22 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):429.8 [M-H]-
。
實施例15:2-溴-4-(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基-6-甲基苯酚(54)的合成。
步驟A:在0 ~ 5 ℃下,將溴乙醯溴(9.9 g,49.0 mmol)的二氯甲烷(10 mL)溶液經過約20分鐘滴加到2-甲基苯甲醚(5.0 g,40.9 mmol)和三氯化鋁(6.0 g,45.0 mmol)的二氯甲烷(40 mL)溶液中。加完後,所得混合物在該溫度下繼續攪拌2.0小時。將反應液分批倒入適量冰水中,用二氯甲烷(60 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相依次用水(30 mL)、飽和碳酸氫鈉水溶液(30 mL×2)、水(30 mL)和飽和食鹽水(30 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。有機相再通過短矽膠柱過濾。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:100 ~ 1:30洗脫),得2-溴-1-(3-甲基-4-甲氧基苯基)乙酮(50)(3.0 g)。收率爲30.2%。
步驟B:將含有化合物13(1.85 g,12.3 mmol)、化合物50(3.0 g,12.3 mmol)和甲苯(30 mL)的混合物在回流下攪拌過夜。冷卻到室溫,加入水(50 mL),用2 M碳酸鉀水溶液調節pH值至8 ~ 9。用二氯甲烷(60 mL×3)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:10 ~ 1:5洗脫),得(3-甲基-4-甲氧基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)甲酮(51)(1.7 g)。收率爲47.0%。
步驟C:在冰水浴,下將1.0 M三溴化硼甲苯溶液(6.8 mL)滴加到化合物51(800 mg,2.72 mmol)的無水二氯甲烷(20 mL)溶液中,所得混合物在冰水浴下攪拌6小時。將反應物倒入適量冰水中,用飽和碳酸氫鈉水溶液調節pH值至7 ~ 8。用乙酸乙酯(40 mL×2)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:5 ~ 2:1洗脫),得(3-甲基-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)甲酮(52)(630 mg)。收率爲82.6%。
步驟D:將NBS(440 mg,2.47 mmol)分批加入到化合物52(630 mg,2.25 mmol)的DMF(10 mL)溶液中,加完後,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌1小時。加入水(40 mL),用乙酸乙酯(30 mL×3)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:3 ~ 1:1洗脫),得(3-溴-4-羥基-5-甲基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)甲酮(53)(625 mg)。收率爲77.3%。
步驟E的實驗操作參見實施例4中的步驟H,得2-溴-4-(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基-6-甲基苯酚(54)。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) 9.07 (s,1H),8.04 (d,J = 6.8 Hz,1H),7.50 (d,J = 8.8 Hz,1H),7.26-7.17 (m,2H),6.97 (s,1H),6.80-6.77 (m,1H),5.86 (s,1H),2.77 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),2.16 (s,3H),1.25 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):360.0 [M-H]-
。
實施例16:2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基苯並呋喃-3-基)(甲氧基)甲基]苯酚(58)的合成。
步驟A:將含有苯溴馬隆(100 mg,0.236 mmol)、二異丙基乙基胺(46 mg,0.356 mmol)、氯甲基甲醚(28 mg,0.348 mmol)和二氯甲烷(6 mL)的混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。加入水(20 mL),用乙酸乙酯(15 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相依次用水(10 mL)和飽和食鹽水(10 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,得[3,5-二溴-4-(甲氧基甲氧基)苯基](2-乙基苯並呋喃-3-基)甲酮(55)(108 mg)。收率爲97.8%。
步驟B:在室溫下,將硼氫化鈉(87 mg,2.30 mmol)加入到化合物55(108 mg,0.230 mmol)的甲醇(15 mL)溶液中。加完後,所得混合物在40 ℃攪拌1.5小時。減壓蒸除大部分溶劑,加入水(20 mL),用乙酸乙酯(20 mL×2)萃取,合併的有機相依次用水(15 mL)和飽和食鹽水(10 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,得[3,5-二溴-4-(甲氧基甲氧基)苯基](2-乙基苯並呋喃-3-基)甲醇(56)(105 mg)。收率爲97.0%。
步驟C:在冰水浴下,將60%氫化鈉(13 mg,0.325 mmol)加入到化合物56(100 mg,0.213 mmol)的DMF(5 mL)溶液中。繼續攪拌30分鐘,然後加入碘甲烷(60 mg,0.422 mmol),所得混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。加入水(15 mL),用乙酸乙酯(15 mL×2)萃取,合併的有機相依次用水(10 mL)和飽和食鹽水(10 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,得3-{[3,5-二溴-4-(甲氧基甲氧基)苯基](甲氧基)甲基}-2-乙基苯並呋喃(57)(102 mg)。收率爲98.9%。
步驟D:向化合物57(100 mg,0.207 mmol)的甲醇(3 mL)溶液中加入濃鹽酸(3 mL),所得混合物在室溫下攪拌1小時。加入水(20 mL),用乙酸乙酯(15 mL×2)萃取,合併的有機相依次用水(10 mL)和飽和食鹽水(10 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:60洗脫),得2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基苯並呋喃-3-基)(甲氧基)甲基]苯酚(58)。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 9.93 (s,1H),7.51-7.49 (m,3H),7.40-7.38 (m,1H),7.24-7.20 (m,1H),7.16-7.13 (m,1H),5.60 (s,1H),3.28 (s,3H),2.92 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.25 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):439.0 [M-H]-
。
實施例17:2,6-二溴-4-{(2-乙基-7-甲氧基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基}苯酚(64)的合成。
步驟A:將2-氨基-4-甲氧基吡啶(4.9 g,39.5 mmol)和三乙胺(4.4 g,43.5 mmol)溶解於四氫呋喃(30 mL),然後在冰水浴下滴加丙醯氯(4.0 g,43.5 mmol),所得混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。加入水(100 mL),用乙酸乙酯(60 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(30 mL)洗滌,減壓蒸除溶劑。向產物中加入碳酸鉀(4.1 g,29.7 mmol)、甲醇 (50 mL)和水(12 mL),所得混合物在室溫下攪拌1小時。減壓蒸除溶劑,加入水(20 mL),用乙酸乙酯(30 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(15 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,得N
-(4-甲氧基吡啶-2-基)丙醯胺(59)(4.85 g)。收率爲68.2%。
步驟B:將含有化合物59(4.85 g,26.9 mmol)、2-溴-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙酮(6.14 g,26.9 mmol)和甲苯(50 mL)的混合物在回流下攪拌過夜。冷卻到室溫,加入水(50 mL),用2 M碳酸鉀溶液調節pH值至8 ~ 9。用二氯甲烷(70 mL×3)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:5 ~ 2:3洗脫),得(2-乙基-7-甲氧基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)(4-甲氧基苯基)甲酮(60)(900 mg)。收率爲10.8%。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 9.08 (d,J = 7.6 Hz,1H),7.67 (d,J = 8.8 Hz,2H),7.17 (s,1H),7.08 (d,J = 8.4 Hz,2H),6.88-6.86 (m,1H),3.91(s,3H),3.87 (s,3H),2.38 (q,J = 7.2 Hz,2H),1.10 (t,J = 7.2 Hz,3H)。
步驟C:在冰水浴下,將1.0 M三溴化硼甲苯溶液(9 mL)滴加到化合物60(900 mg,2.9 mmol)的無水二氯甲烷(25mL)溶液中,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。將反應液倒入冰水(50 mL)中,用飽和碳酸氫鈉水溶液調節pH值至7 ~ 8。用乙酸乙酯(40 mL×3)萃取,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,甲醇:二氯甲烷=1:50~ 1:20洗脫),得(2-乙基-7-羥基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)(4-羥基苯基)甲酮(61)(477 mg)和(2-乙基-7-甲氧基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)(4-羥基苯基)甲酮(62)(277 mg)。收率分別爲58.3%和32.2%。化合物61:1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 10.83 (s,1H),10.22 (s,1H),9.06 (d,J = 7.6 Hz,1H),7.54 (d,J = 8.4 Hz,2H),6.89-6.84 (m,3H),6.77-6.75 (m,1H),2.37 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.08 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。化合物62:1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) δ 10.25 (s,1H),9.03 (d,J = 7.6 Hz,1H),7.57 (dd,J = 2.0,6.8 Hz,2H),7.15 (d,J = 2.4 Hz,1H),6.91-6.83 (m,3H),3.91 (s,3H),2.45 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.11 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。
步驟D和E的實驗操作分別參照實施例9中的步驟F和G,得2,6-二溴-4-{(2-乙基-7-甲氧基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基}苯酚(64)。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) 7.95 (d,J = 7.6 Hz,1H),7.40 (s,2H),6.87 (s,1H),6.52 (d,J = 7.6 Hz,1H),6.25 (d,J = 3.6 Hz,1H),6.14 (d,J = 3.6 Hz,1H),3.79 (s,3H),2.63 (q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H),1.22 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。MS (EI,m/z):453.0 [M-H]-
。
實施例18:(3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-丙基呋喃並[2,3-b]吡啶-3-基)甲酮(69)的合成。
步驟A: 將含有5-溴-2-羥基吡啶(2.5 g,14.4 mmol)、碘代丁二醯亞胺(4.7 g,20.9 mmol)和乙腈(40 mL)的混合物在82℃攪拌20分鐘。冷卻到室溫,過濾,濾餅用乙酸乙酯再結晶,得5-溴-2-羥基-3-碘吡啶(65)(4.0 g)。收率爲92.6%。
步驟B: 向含有化合物65(4.0 g,13.3 mmol)、碘化亞銅(254 mg,1.33 mmol)、雙(三苯基膦)二氯化鈀(468 mg,0.667 mmol)和三乙胺(50 mL)的混合物中加入1-戊炔(1.09 g,16.0 mmol),所得混合物在50 ℃攪拌過夜。減壓蒸除溶劑,加入水(80 mL),用乙酸乙酯(50 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(30 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑。產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:200~ 1:100洗脫),得5-溴-2-丙基呋喃並[2,3-b]吡啶(66)(1.72 g)。收率爲53.9%。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) 8.29-8.25(m,2H),6.67 (s,1H),2.80-2.78 (m,2H),1.73-1.71 (m,2H),0.96 (t,J = 7.2 Hz,3H)。
步驟C:將化合物66(1.0 g,4.16 mmol)溶解於甲醇(20 mL),加入10%鈀碳(100 mg),所得混合物在氫氣中40 ℃常壓下氫化反應過夜。混合物通過矽藻土過濾,減壓蒸除溶劑,得2-丙基呋喃並[2,3-b]吡啶(67)(620 mg)。收率爲92.5%。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) 8.20-8.18 (m,1H),8.00-7.98 (m,1H),7.30-7.27 (m,1H),6.67 (s,1H),2.80-2.76 (m,2H),1.76-1.70 (m,2H),0.97 (t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H)。
步驟D: 將含有化合物67(50 mg,0.31 mmol)、3,5-二溴-4-甲氧基苯甲醯氯(280 mg,0.853 mmol)和二異丙基乙基胺(5 mL)的混合物在110 ℃攪拌過夜。減壓蒸除溶劑,加入水(30 mL),用乙酸乙酯(30 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(15 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥,減壓蒸除溶劑。產物經柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:50~ 1:8洗脫),得(3,5-二溴-4-甲氧基苯基)(2-丙基呋喃並[2,3-b]吡啶-3-基)甲酮(68)(54 mg)。收率爲38.4%。1
H NMR (DMSO-d6,400 MHz) 8.16 (s,2H),7.84-7.81 (m,1H),7.70 (s,1H),6.13-6.10 (m,1H),3.84 (s,3H),2.95-2.90 (m,2H),2.01-1.95 (m,2H),1.23-1.20 (m,3H)。
步驟E的實驗操作分別參照實施例15中的步驟B,得(3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-丙基呋喃並[2,3-b]吡啶-3-基)甲酮(69)。MS (EI,m/z):440.1 [M+H]+
。
實施例19:化合物對HEK293-hURAT1轉染細胞株中尿酸轉運的抑制試驗。
一、細胞株、試劑名稱及來源:
HEK293細胞株購自中國科學院上海生命科學研究院細胞資源中心;質體pCMV6-hURAT1購自Origene Technologies, Inc;遺傳黴素(G418)購自生工生物工程股份有限公司;多聚賴氨酸購自Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC;14
C-尿酸購自美國American Radiolabeled Chemicals, Inc;葡萄糖酸鈉、葡萄糖酸鉀、葡萄糖酸鈣、KH2
PO4
、MgSO4
、葡萄糖和HEPES購自國藥集團化學試劑有限公司;DMEM培養基、胎牛血清購自Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc;苯溴馬隆購自Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC;
二、試驗方法:
1. 採用HEK293細胞株構建高表達hURAT1的穩轉細胞株:質體pCMV6-hURAT1轉染進入HEK293細胞內,再經過G418(終濃度500 µg/mL)的抗性篩選獲得穩轉細胞株,其高表達hURAT1轉運膜蛋白,可用於體外hURAT1轉運尿酸的抑制試驗 (Weaver YM, Ehresman DJ, Butenhoff JL, et al. Roles of rat renal organic anion transporters in transporting perfluorinated carboxylates with different chain lengths. Toxicological Sciences, 2009, 113(2):305-314)。HEK293細胞爲人胚腎細胞,其轉染效率高,是一種十分常用的表達研究外源基因的工程細胞株。
2. 包被24孔板:在24孔板中按200 µl/孔 加入濃度爲0.1 mg/mL多聚賴氨酸溶液,放置過夜。去除多聚賴氨酸溶液,用無菌水清洗並徹底晾乾,待用。
3. 細胞培養:將HEK293-hURAT1穩轉細胞株按2×105
個/孔 接入包被過的24孔板中,放置於CO2
細胞培養箱中,在37 ℃、5% CO2
的條件下培養3天。
4. 配製HBSS緩衝液:按125 mM 葡萄糖酸鈉、4.8 mM 葡萄糖酸鉀、1.3 mM 葡萄糖酸鈣、1.2 mM KH2
PO4
、1.2 mM MgSO4
、5.6 mM葡萄糖、25 mM HEPES的終濃度稱取各試劑,再加入去離子水定容至相應體積,並充分混合均勻,即得pH 7.4的HBSS緩衝液(不含氯離子),置冰箱中-20 ℃保存。
5. 實驗當天,從-20 ℃中取出HBSS緩衝液,水浴加熱至37 ℃。再取出培養有HEK293-hURAT1穩轉細胞株的24孔板,小心吸淨培養基,並用HBSS緩衝液輕輕清洗細胞。再按160 µl/孔 加入HBSS緩衝液,按20 µl/孔 加入終濃度爲500 nM試驗化合物,做爲試驗化合物孔;或按180 µl/孔 加入HBSS但不加試驗化合物,做爲空白對照孔。室溫放置10 min。
6. 按20 µl/孔 加入終濃度爲50 µM的14
C-尿酸,室溫放置20 min。
7. 吸淨每孔溶液,用預冷的HBSS緩衝液輕輕清洗細胞並吸淨。最後加入0.2 mol/L NaOH溶解細胞,收集細胞碎片並加入適量閃爍液,充分混勻後置PerkinElmer MicroBeta Trilux 1450液體閃爍分析儀上檢測同位素14
C-尿酸的放射强度(CPM值)。
8. 在HEK293-hURAT1穩轉細胞株中,化合物對hURAT1轉運尿酸的抑制率計算公式如下所示,試驗化合物的CPM值以CPM(試驗化合物)表示;空白對照的CPM值以CPM(空白對照)表示。試驗化合物均設三次重複,試驗結果取平均值,並計算標准偏差SD。試驗結果見表1。
三、試驗結果。
試驗化合物與苯溴馬隆相比較,在濃度爲500 nM下,化合物 8, 12, 20, 23,40對HEK293轉染細胞中hURAT1轉運尿酸具有十分良好的抑制作用。
表1. 試驗化合物和苯溴馬隆對HEK293轉染細胞株中hURAT1轉運尿酸的抑制率。
無
Claims (10)
- 一種式(I)結構所示的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,(I) 其中, A環為含有雜原子的五元芳環或六元芳環; B環為含有兩個N原子的五元芳環或呋喃環; D為C或N原子; E為C或N原子; G為N或O原子,且當D和E均為C原子時G為O原子; Y為羰基、硫、碸基、亞碸基、任意取代的亞甲基或亞氨基;且當A環中的D或E為N原子使A環形成吡啶環時,或A環為苯環時,Y不為羰基; R1 為氫、氘、羥基、鹵素、硝基、氨基、氰基、C1 ~ 3 烷基、C1 ~ 3 取代烷基、C1 ~ 3 取代氨基、C1 ~3 烷氧基或C1 ~ 3 取代烷氧基; R2 為氫、氘、羥基、鹵素、硝基、氨基、氰基、C1 ~ 3 烷基、C1 ~ 3 取代烷基、C1 ~ 3 取代氨基、C1 ~3 烷氧基或C1 ~ 3 取代烷氧基; R3 為C1-4 烷基、C1-4 取代烷基或鹵素; m為0~3的整數; n為1~3的整數;以及 基團A環中的雜原子選自N、S或O中的一種或兩種,基團Y中的取代基選自羥基、氨基、氰基、羧基、C1 ~3 烷氧基或C1 ~ 3 烷基,基團R1 、R2 或R3 中的取代基選自羥基、鹵素、硝基、氨基或氰基。
- 如請求項1所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中A環為苯環、吡啶環、嘧啶環、吡嗪環、三氮唑環、咪唑環、噻唑環、噁唑環、噁二唑環或噻二唑環,B環為咪唑環、吡唑環或呋喃環;且當A環中D或E為N原子使A環形成吡啶環時,或A環為苯環時,Y不為羰基。
- 如請求項1所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中化合物選自式(II)、式(III)、式(IV)或式(V)結構所示的化合物,(II)(III)(IV)(V) 其中,Z1 、Z2 、Z3 或Z4 分別獨立地為CH或N;X為S、O或NR4 ; R4 為H、-CH3 或-CH2 CH3 ;在式(II)、(III)和(V)中,當Z1 、Z2 、Z3 和Z4 均為CH時,Y不為羰基。
- 如請求項1所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中化合物選自下述結構所示的化合物,(II-A)(II-B)(II-C)(II-D)(III-A)(IV-A)(IV-B)(IV-C)(IV-D)(V-A)(V-B), 並且在式(II-D)和式(III-A)中,Y不為羰基。
- 如請求項1~4中任意一項所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中Y為CH-OH、CH-NH2 、CH-CN、NH、NCH3 或CO基團,R3 為C2-3 烷基;在式(II-D)和式(III-A)中,Y不為羰基。
- 如請求項1~4中任意一項所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中R1 為氫、氘、羥基、鹵素、硝基、氨基、氰基、C1 ~ 3 烷基、C1 ~3 鹵代烷基、C1 ~3 烷氧基或C1 ~3 鹵代烷氧基,m為0、1或2。
- 如請求項1~4中任意一項所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中R2 為氫、鹵素、硝基、氰基、C1 ~ 3 烷基、C1 ~3 鹵代烷基,n為1或2。
- 如請求項1~4中任意一項所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中化合物選自: (3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]嘧啶-3-基)甲酮, (3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[2,1-b]噻唑-5-基)甲酮, (3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-基)甲酮, 3-溴-5-[(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]-2-羥基苯甲腈, 5-[(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]-2-羥基苯甲腈, 2,6-二溴-4-[(6-乙基咪唑並[2,1-b]噻唑-5-基)羥甲基]苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚, 2-溴-4-[(2-乙基-6-氟咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]-6-氟苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-[( 2-乙基吡唑並[1,5-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-[(6-溴-2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-{[2-乙基-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基]羥甲基}苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基苯並呋喃-3-基)羥甲基]苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)甲基]苯酚, (3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(6-乙基咪唑並[2,1-b][1,3,4]噻二唑-5-基)甲酮, 2-溴-4-(2-乙基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基-6-甲基苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-[(2-乙基苯並呋喃-3-基)(甲氧基)甲基]苯酚, 2,6-二溴-4-{(2-乙基-7-甲氧基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)羥甲基}苯酚,以及 (3,5-二溴-4-羥基苯基)(2-丙基呋喃並[2,3-b]吡啶-3-基)甲酮。
- 一種藥物組合物,其以請求項1~4中任一項所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽為活性成分或主要活性成分,輔以藥學上可接受的輔料。
- 如請求項1~4中任一項所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽在製備促尿酸排泄藥物,特別是製備治療或預防高尿酸血症或痛風藥物方面的應用。
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Families Citing this family (12)
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| DK3632904T3 (da) * | 2017-05-26 | 2022-07-25 | Jiangsu Atom Bioscience And Pharmaceutical Co Ltd | URAT1-inhibitorer til at fremme urinsyreudskillelse |
| CN112979661B (zh) * | 2018-01-19 | 2022-05-17 | 苏州信诺维医药科技股份有限公司 | 杂环化合物、制备方法及其在医药上的应用 |
| CN108623586B (zh) * | 2018-07-16 | 2021-03-16 | 广东工业大学 | 一种咪唑并含氮杂环类化合物的合成方法与应用 |
| CN109432079B (zh) * | 2018-09-07 | 2021-06-22 | 江苏康缘药业股份有限公司 | 一种化合物在制备用于痛风的药物中的应用 |
| CN111763180B (zh) * | 2019-04-02 | 2023-06-09 | 中国医学科学院药物研究所 | 苯并氮杂环类化合物及其制法和药物用途 |
| CN111943957B (zh) * | 2019-05-17 | 2023-01-06 | 中国医学科学院药物研究所 | 喹啉甲酰胺类化合物及其制备方法和用途 |
| CN111533718B (zh) * | 2020-05-12 | 2022-05-17 | 浙江海洲制药有限公司 | 一种制备苯溴马隆的方法 |
| CN112250688B (zh) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-11-04 | 天津科技大学 | 一类7-氮杂苯并呋喃衍生物及其在抗肿瘤药物中的应用 |
| CN112877295A (zh) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-01 | 华南理工大学 | 一种urat1抑制剂体外活性筛选的细胞模型及其构建方法与筛选方法 |
| WO2023221078A1 (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2023-11-23 | Jiangsu Atom Bioscience And Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Solid forms of a compound for treating or preventing hyperuricemia or gout |
| CN116189808A (zh) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-05-30 | 中国海洋大学 | 一种hURAT1抑制剂的筛选方法、筛选的化合物及其应用 |
| CN119241538A (zh) * | 2024-09-30 | 2025-01-03 | 陕西科技大学 | 一类三唑并吡啶结构的化合物、合成方法及其应用 |
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| US4117128A (en) * | 1976-08-03 | 1978-09-26 | Smithkline Corporation | Sulfonyl benzofurans and benzothiophenes having coronary vasodilator activity |
| NZ193926A (en) | 1979-07-06 | 1984-05-31 | Labaz Sanofi Nv | 2-(alkyl or phenyl)-3(4-hydroxybenzoyl)indolizines |
| FR2502622A1 (fr) * | 1981-03-25 | 1982-10-01 | Synthelabo | Derives d'imidazo (1,2-a) pyrimidines, leur preparation et leur application en therapeutique |
| US5175184A (en) * | 1982-10-19 | 1992-12-29 | Kotobuki Seiyaku Company Limited | Benzothiophene derivatives and antihyperuricemia thereof |
| JPS5973579A (ja) * | 1982-10-19 | 1984-04-25 | Kotobuki Seiyaku Kk | ベンゾフラン又はベンゾチオフェン誘導体,この化合物を有効成分とする尿酸排泄剤及びその製造方法 |
| FR2594438B1 (fr) * | 1986-02-14 | 1990-01-26 | Labaz Sanofi Nv | Derives d'indolizine, leur procede de preparation ainsi que les compositions en contenant |
| GB8820231D0 (en) * | 1988-08-25 | 1988-09-28 | Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co | New benzazole compounds processes for preparation thereof & pharmaceutical composition comprising same |
| JP2002514636A (ja) * | 1998-05-12 | 2002-05-21 | アメリカン・ホーム・プロダクツ・コーポレイション | インスリン抵抗性または高血糖症の治療に有用なフェニルオキソ−酢酸類 |
| US6166069A (en) * | 1998-05-12 | 2000-12-26 | American Home Products Corporation | Phenyl oxo-acetic acids useful in the treatment of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia |
| IL159614A0 (en) * | 2001-07-20 | 2004-06-01 | Karobio Ab | Benzofuran derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same |
| JP2009227599A (ja) * | 2008-03-21 | 2009-10-08 | Daiichi Sankyo Co Ltd | イミダゾピリダジン誘導体 |
| AU2009252166B9 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2014-02-13 | C & C Research Laboratories | Heterocyclic derivatives |
| US8748435B2 (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2014-06-10 | Novartis Ag | Pyrazolo pyrimidine derivatives |
| EP2900237A1 (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2015-08-05 | Novartis AG | Compounds for use in gastric complication |
| AU2015373089B2 (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2020-02-20 | Dethree Res. Lab. Inc. | URAT1 inhibitor |
| CN106008340B (zh) * | 2015-03-24 | 2020-03-17 | 上海璎黎药业有限公司 | 稠环衍生物、其制备方法、中间体、药物组合物及应用 |
| CN106065010B (zh) * | 2015-04-23 | 2019-01-01 | 镇江新元素医药科技有限公司 | 用于治疗或预防高尿酸血症或痛风的化合物 |
| EP3348557B1 (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2020-04-29 | Jiangsu Atom Bioscience And Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd | Imidazo[1,2a]pyridines for treating or preventing hyperuricemia or gout |
| CN114213331B (zh) * | 2017-05-26 | 2024-06-21 | 江苏新元素医药科技有限公司 | 一类urat1抑制剂及其应用 |
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| AU2017360465A1 (en) | 2019-06-06 |
| EP3543240B1 (en) | 2022-07-06 |
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| JP6925054B2 (ja) | 2021-08-25 |
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| EP3543240A1 (en) | 2019-09-25 |
| KR102263441B1 (ko) | 2021-06-09 |
| IL266587B2 (en) | 2023-06-01 |
| US10875865B2 (en) | 2020-12-29 |
| CN108084186B (zh) | 2021-06-25 |
| JP2020503263A (ja) | 2020-01-30 |
| IL266587A (en) | 2019-07-31 |
| CN108084186A (zh) | 2018-05-29 |
| CA3043942C (en) | 2021-11-02 |
| TWI668213B (zh) | 2019-08-11 |
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