SU1738793A1 - Method of manufacturing porous-hole brick - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a mix of a hydro-removal hall with a carbon content of up to 30% is mixed with 1220% moderately plastic clay, 5-45% enrichment waste of iron ore production, the mixture is dehydrated, 2-6% binder is added, as used 3-10% an aqueous solution of sapropel or clay milk, molded blanks and burn them. In the case of using water removal ash with a carbon content of 6-7%, 5-10% of the mass of the mixture is additionally introduced with one of the burnable additives: peat, wood bark, straw, sunflower seed husks, and the binder can be treated with magnetic The field capacity is 1500-2000 E. The brick properties are as follows: water absorption is 14–19%, frost resistance is 40–48 cycles, compressive strength is 16.5–20 MPa 2 Cp f-crystals, 1 tab. v ё

Description

The invention relates to the building materials industry and can be used in the production of perforated-porous bricks and other ceramic products, tiles, sewage pipes, gravel.

A known method for producing bricks from ash is that the ashes of brown coal are mixed with 12% lime and quenched, then the brick is molded and steamed in an autoclave at a pressure of 8 at and a temperature of 174.5 ° C. Mechanical strength is 25 kg / cm2, water absorption is 40%.

The disadvantages of the known method of making an ash-brick brick are that the lime-ash brick is made only from brown coal ash, which consumes a lot of water vapor, requires a lot of lime and the finished lime-ash brick has low mechanical strength, because of this it is not suitable for masonry walls, and also has a large water absorption.

The closest to the present invention is a method for the manufacture of ceramic products, including the condensation of water removal ash to a moisture content of 40-50%, followed by mixing with clay in an amount of 5-10% by weight of the mixture, dehydration of the clay ash suspension. From the resulting mass molded product, and then dried and burn them.

The disadvantage of this method is the high volume mass of the products, as well as the increased costs due to the use of clay as a binder in the composition.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the cost of production and reduce the bulk density.

XI SB 00 VI

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Coal ash is in the dumps in the wet state up to 90%, because at the place of dumps it is delivered by a stream of water in the form of an aqueous suspension through pipes. In addition, ash contains up to 30% unburned fuel. Part of the water is preliminarily removed from the coal ash by means of a thickener, then pieces of iron are removed, after which it is loaded into a ball mill, to which clay and iron ore production waste is added, in which the components are crushed and mixed.

Processing coal ash in a ball mill contributes to grinding with increasing dispersion, since the vitreous shell of the ash particles is destroyed. In ash particles, the shell of a stack-1 lophase reaches 2-10 microns, which significantly impairs the processes of ash particles with clay. From the ball mill, the slurry is pumped into the tank, which is then pumped for dehydration into the submerged combustion apparatus (APG). The result is a powder. The resulting powder is loaded into a mixer and dispersed sapropel is added as a binder. The loaded components in the mixer are mixed, molded on presses, and if necessary, the raw material is dried, after which it is calcined in a furnace.

PRI me R. From the dumps, wet ash from the hydro removal is added as a slurry to the place of its processing. Pre-reduce part of the moisture contained in the suspension with a thickener to a moisture content of 40-45%, then wet ash passes through a magnetic separator to remove pieces of iron that may be present in the ash. After these two operations, wet ash removal in the composition of the components is loaded into a ball mill, May.%:

Clay is moderately plate 12-20 Waste enrichment of iron ore production 5-45 Binder - water dispersion sapropel. 2-6 Ash promotes hardening of press powder particles, as well as additionally hardening products during firing. Unburned coal, contained in the ash during firing, burns, forming pores in the brick. The result is a brick with a reduced bulk density - the so-called effective brick. These components are milled and mixed to form a slurry. This suspension is dehydrated in an APG, which has a relatively simple design, is convenient in operation more than a conventional spray dryer. As a result of dehydration, press powder with a moisture content of 7.5% is obtained. The resulting press powder is loaded into the mixer and a binder of 3 to 10% aqueous dispersed sapropel is added in an amount of 2 to 6% by dry feed and stirred for 15-20 minutes. Sapropel is a non-refined raw material; there are significant reserves of it. However, instead of sapropel, a highly plastic clay of thick milk consistency can be used. Prepared clay clay in a mixer. The solution is filtered through a sieve with a mesh size of 1 mm. In order to increase the strength of bricks, both water dispersed sapropel and clay milk must be treated with a magnetic field of 1500-2000 Oe, and after that added to the press powder. If it is necessary to obtain a more porous brick, the following additives can be additionally introduced into the press powder before the binder:

0 finely chopped peat, chopped wood bark, chopped straw or husks from seeds, in an amount of from 5 to 10% with the content of unburned coal in the ash 6-7%. Wet press powder to

5 humidity 8-9% after the mixer is molded on a double-sided compression press of 60-165 kg / cm. At this moisture, the press powder after molding the raw brick may not be dried. The mineral porosity shock with a moisture content of 9 to 14% is molded in a vacuum press; after this molding, the raw brick must be dried. The molded raw brick (both in two-sided compression and in a vacuum5 press) ensures the production of a perforated brick.

The molding of raw brick on a vacuum press has the advantage that it does not remove air from the press powder and improves the plastic properties

0 mass and its density, improves the mechanical properties of raw bricks and baked bricks, reduces moisture and improves the appearance of bricks.

The firing of raw bricks is carried out at

5 temperatures from 970 to depending on the percentage of the components in the raw mix. The table shows the composition of the mixtures for the manufacture of bricks.

Physicomechanical indicators of porous-perforated brick.

Water absorption. % 14-19

Frost resistance, cycle 40-48

Strength at compression, MPa16,5-20,0

Claims (3)

The brand of brick strength 150-200 Claim 1. Method for the manufacture of porous-perforated brick, including mixing thickened ash removal with a carbon content of up to 30% with moderately plastic clay, dewatering the mixture, forming blanks and roasting, characterized in that, in order to reduce the cost products and reduce the bulk mass, while mixing, additional enrichment products of iron ore production based on SiOz are additionally introduced, and before forming, they are bound a shallow, which is used as a 3-10% aqueous solution of sapropel or clay milk, to obtain a mixture of the composition. wt.% Clay is moderately plastic 12-20 Waste enrichment of iron ore production 5-45 Specified binder 2-6 Ash of hydropulmonary Else 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, when using ash removal of water with a carbon content of 6-7%, 5-10% of the mass of the mixture is additionally introduced with one of the burnable additives: peat, wood bark, straw, husks from seeds . 3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the aqueous solution of sapropel or clay milk is treated with a magnetic field of 1500-2000 Oe.