SU1764717A1 - Pneumatic separator for separation of loose materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: in the technique of separation of bulk materials in agriculture, in the chemical industry and in the building materials industry. Essence: the source material from the bins through the holes in the walls of the separation channel enters the channel. Under the action of the air flow, light particles are removed from the channel and enter the receiver. Heavy particles enter the receiver of heavy particles. The installation opposite to the main loading bunker allows to reduce the deformability of the velocity field. Providing jumpers with loading windows allows introducing the material to be divided in the form of jets. This reduces the resistance to the air flow and improves the streamlining of the part m by the air flow. 1 з.п, ф-л, 3 Il.

Description

SP

with

This invention relates to a technique for separating bulk materials and can be used in agriculture, in the chemical industry and in the building materials industry.

Apparatuses for separating bulk materials by air flow are known, comprising a vertical air channel, a feed hopper and receivers of separation products,

The main disadvantage of the known devices is the low efficiency of the separation process, due to the high unevenness of the air flow velocity field in the vertical channel.

The closest one in terms of the function performed and the effect achieved is a pneumatic separator containing a vertical rectangular separation channel with wide and narrow

walls and a loading window on one of the side walls, a loading hopper adjacent to the window, a fan, receivers of separation products.

A disadvantage of the known separator is the low efficiency of the separation process, due to the high resistance to the air flow of the turbulizer, as well as the uneven introduction of the material to be separated into the separation channel.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the separation process by increasing the uniformity of the air flow velocity field in the separation channel and increasing the uniformity of the input of the material being divided into the separation channel.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the pneumatic separator is equipped with

vj About 4

opposite the main hopper, an additional hopper, and an additional hopper in the channel where the additional hopper is installed; the loading windows are made with jumpers arranged in constant pitch, with the jumpers in the main and additional boot windows being offset from each other by jumper steps. The loading windows are made on the wide walls of the channel, and the width of the jumpers is equal to the distance between them.

The installation opposite to the main loading hopper additionally makes it possible to reduce the deformability of the airflow velocity field due to a more uniform input of the material being divided into the separation channel.

The supply of loading windows with jumpers arranged with a constant pitch allows introducing the material to be divided into the separation channel in the form of jets, which leads to a decrease in the air flow resistance in the zone of material input into the channel and to an air flow improvement in the particles to be separated. which contributes to the efficiency of the separation process.

Making jumpers in the loading windows displaced relative to each other by the step size of the jumpers prevents collisions of the jets of material being separated in the separation channel, which leads to an increase in the efficiency of the separation process.

Placing the loading windows on the side of the wide walls of the channel makes it possible to increase the specific loads in the channel due to the fact that the jets of bulk material in the separation channel under optimal separation conditions practically do not reach the axial line of the channel.

Making the widths of the bridges equal to the distance between them prevents the jets from colliding with each other in the channel, which leads to an increase in the efficiency of the separation process. If the widths of the bridges are made smaller than the distance between them, the material jets in the separation channel can overlap each other. With the width of the jumpers, the greater the distance between them, the specific grain loads in the separation channel decrease.

In Fig.1 schematically presents the proposed pneumoseptor, front view (cross section); figure 2 - section

S

/

A-A in Fig. 1; on fig.Z - view along arrow B in figure 1.

The pneumatic separator contains a separation channel of rectangular section 1 with narrow 2 and wide 3 walls. From the side of the wide wall 3 is the main hopper 4, opposite which an additional bunker 5 is installed.

The loading windows are made in wide walls 3 on the side of the bins 4 and 5 in the form of holes b and jumpers. The distance between the bridges 7 (the width of the holes 6) is equal to the width of the bridges 7. Under channel 1 in

The lower part of it contains the receiver of 8 heavy particles, and the upper part of channel 1, the receiver of 9 light particles. Above the receiver 9, a fan 10 is installed.

Pneumoseparator works as follows

0 way.

The initial bulk material from the hoppers 4 and 5 through the holes 6 in the walls 3 of the separation channel 1 enters the channel 1, where under the action of air

5, light particles are removed from channel 1 and enter the receiver 9 of light particles, and heavy particles enter the receiver 8 heavy particles.

The use of the proposed device makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the process of separating bulk materials by increasing the uniformity of the input of the material being divided into the separation channel and, as a result

5 increase the uniformity of the air velocity field in the separation channel. For example, when separating a seed grain mixture, the separation efficiency increases by an average of 8-11%, and

0 performance by 7-15% compared with the prototype.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. A pneumatic separator for separating bulk materials, comprising a vertical rectangular separation channel with wide and narrow walls and a discharge window on one of the side walls, a loading hopper adjacent to the window, a fan, receivers of section 0, characterized in that , in order to increase the efficiency of the separation process by increasing the uniformity of the floor of the speeds of the air flow, the pneumoseparator is equipped with an installed direction of the main loading hopper a loading bunker, and an additional loading window in the channel where the additional loading bunker is installed; in this case, the loading windows are made with jumpers arranged with a constant pitch, moreover, the jumpers in the main and additional boot windows are displaced one relative to another by the step size of the jumpers. 2. The pneumatic separator according to claim 1, from l and h and yu and the fact that the boot window is made on the wide walls of the channel, and the width of the jumpers is equal to the distance between them. to FIG. 2 3B View / Y 7 .R v. -kl-.v r- t - - L 0ra-i cj f , - --f Fig.Z