SU1666194A1 - Multistage cyclone apparatus for thermal treatment of polydispersional materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for the heat treatment of polydisperse materials and can be used in the chemical, metallurgical, energy industry, in the production of mineral fertilizers and other branches of the national economy. The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity and quality of heat treatment. The installation contains a primary cyclone 1 and parallel cyclones 10, 11 of post-processing with tangential inlet nozzles equipped with pneumatic feeders with nozzles and loading hoppers placed above them. Cyclones 1, 10, 11 are provided with hollow truncated cones of successively decreasing size towards the discharge openings. Cyclone 1 has the lower part placed in the vortex chamber 4, where a dismembrator and a swirler are installed on the common shaft under the discharge opening of the cyclone 1. The axial pipe 8 of the secondary air is mounted along the axis of the cyclone. A screw guide 9 is installed on its surface with variable pitch, decreasing from top to bottom. In the cyclone 1, the product is dried and the fine fraction is precipitated, which is then precipitated in the cyclone 10. After grinding and heat treatment in the vortex chamber 4, the remaining product precipitates in the cyclone 11. 2 sludge.

Description

The cyclone 1 has a dismembrator and a swirler installed on the common shaft. The axial pipe 8 of the secondary air is mounted along the axis of the cyclone. A screw guide 9 with variable pitch, decreasing from above, is mounted on its surface.

way down. In the cyclone 1, the product is dried and the fine fraction is precipitated, which is then precipitated in the cyclone 10. After grinding and heat treatment in the vortex chamber 4, the remaining product precipitates in the cyclone 11. 2 sludge.

The invention relates to the heat treatment of polydisperse materials and can be used in the chemical, metallurgical, energy industry, in the production of mineral fertilizers and other branches of the national economy.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity and quality of heat treatment. Figure 1 shows the installation; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1.

The installation comprises a primary processing primary cyclone 1, in which truncated cones 2 are placed, facing large bases and having the possibility of axial movement for adjusting the gaps 3 formed between them. The lower part of the cyclone 1 is built into the vortex chamber 4 with a divider 5. Under the discharge opening of the cyclone 1 there is a dismembrator 6 and a blade swirl 7 mounted on the same shaft. The axial tube 8 of the secondary air flow is placed in the cyclone 1 and its output end is located in the discharge opening above the dismembrator 6. On the surface of the tube 8, a screw guide 9 is installed with a variable, downward step. The installation includes parallel cyclones 10 and 11 of further processing of the material with truncated cones 2, between which there are annular gaps 3 and filter shells 12 placed outside the cones 2. Axial cyclones 10 and 11 have axial air ducts 13 and 14 connected to inlet ducts 15, on the axis of cyclones 10 and 11. which are installed pneumovidine source material with nozzles 16 and loading hoppers 17.

The tangential inlet 18 of the cyclone 10 is connected to the side outlet 19 of the cyclone 1. The tangential inlet 20 of the cyclone 11 is connected to the upper part of the vortex chamber 4. The cyclones 10 and 11 have lateral outlet nozzles 19 and the hoppers 21 of the finished product.

The installation works as follows.

The wet material from the hoppers 17 is supplied to the air ducts 15. from there it is supplied with a mixture of primary air from the nozzles 16, and a part of the exhaust air is sent to the cyclone 1, where the primary heat treatment of the original product takes place. Moving along a helical channel formed by cones 2, pipe 8 and screw guide 9, fine particles

(components of the product) are dried and through the annular gaps 3 are removed and sent through the nozzle 19 to the cyclone 10. Thus, the separation of small particles is carried out.

The presence of the screw guide contributes to the most complete separation of the dust-like particles in the starting material, as well as those formed during the drying and abrasion of the product from the wall.

cyclone. The variable pitch of the guide allows maintaining the level of tangential and axial velocities necessary for transporting large particles along the height of the chamber, since air flow is

decreases as flow through annular gaps. Therefore, at the base of the cyclone 1, an almost complete separation of large particles and particles of the product fraction occurs. Separation occurs in cyclone 10

air suspension and exhaust air purification using a filter casing 12, after which it is emitted into the atmosphere through the pipe 18. Part of the exhaust air and the type of recycling is directed along

axial duct 13. The amount of recirculating air is controlled by a flap {not shown) installed on duct 13. Recirculating air is sucked using nozzles 16,

creating the necessary vacuum. The finished product from cyclone 10 is discharged into hopper 21.

Large particles of the product, partially dried, from cyclone 1 are fed to

5 dismembrator 6, then crushed to a predetermined size and, falling on the blades of the swirler 7, accelerated by a stream of secondary air entering through the pipe 8, and then discharged into the volume of the vortex chamber

A. Here, depending on the air flow rate and, consequently, the processing time, the crushed material is dried in the vortex flow, after which it is directed through the nozzle 20 into the cyclone 11 for subsequent thermal treatment and purification of the treated air on the filter casing 12.

A portion of the exhaust air in the form of recycling through the duct 14 is sent to the duct 15, where it is mixed with the primary air and, transporting the raw material loaded from the hopper 17, is sent to the cyclone 1. The exhaust air is discharged through the side nozzle 18, and the finished product is collected in bunker 21. Depending on the technological conditions of the heat treatment of the product in the vortex chamber 4 by means of a splitter 5, increasing or decreasing the air velocity, it is possible to create various hydrodynamic regimes — a vortex layer or fountain ruyuschy. In the latter case, it is advisable to discharge the finished product through the side fitting 22, which significantly reduces the dust content of the filter casing.

In the proposed installation, it is possible not only to heat treat polydisperse particles, but also to obtain a product of a given size class. The application of the classification, the intensification of heat treatment due to the presence of a screw insert and the grinding after the initial treatment increase the productivity of the installation.

Aa

Claims (1)

Claims of a Multi-Stage Cyclone Heat Treatment Plant for Polydisperse Materials Containing Primary and Post-Processing Cyclones Connected in Series-Parallel with Tangential Inlet and Side Exhaust Tubes Mounted with Large Bases Upwardly Axially Moving Cyclones in Axis Body Truncated Cones Reducing to Lower Discharge Hole size, filter shells placed outside the truncated cones in parallel cycles Onah, inlet and connecting air ducts and pneumatic dispersed material with nozzles and bunkers, characterized in that, in order to improve the performance and quality of heat treatment, the primary processing cyclone is equipped with a vortex chamber covering its lower part with the dismembas located under the discharge opening of the cyclone on the common shaft dismemb - rator and blade swirler, axial secondary air intake pipe, the output end of which is located in the discharge opening above the dismembrator, and the helical screw installed on it The bellows are mounted on the inlet air ducts attached to the primary processing cyclone, one of the parallel cyclones is connected to the side branch pipe of the primary cyclone, the other to the upper part of the vortex chamber, and both are axially connected. air ducts with inlet air ducts.