SK289002B6 - Single-axle device - Google Patents
Single-axle device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SK289002B6 SK289002B6 SK500322020A SK500322020A SK289002B6 SK 289002 B6 SK289002 B6 SK 289002B6 SK 500322020 A SK500322020 A SK 500322020A SK 500322020 A SK500322020 A SK 500322020A SK 289002 B6 SK289002 B6 SK 289002B6
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- Slovakia
- Prior art keywords
- axle device
- axle
- additional
- wheels
- additional working
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B51/00—Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus
- A01B51/02—Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus propelled by a motor
- A01B51/026—Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus propelled by a motor of the automotive vehicle type, e.g. including driver accommodation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
- A01D34/006—Control or measuring arrangements
- A01D34/008—Control or measuring arrangements for automated or remotely controlled operation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
- A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
- A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
- A01D34/63—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis
- A01D34/64—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis mounted on a vehicle, e.g. a tractor, or drawn by an animal or a vehicle
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
- A01D34/835—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters specially adapted for particular purposes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
- A01D34/835—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters specially adapted for particular purposes
- A01D34/86—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters specially adapted for particular purposes for use on sloping ground, e.g. on embankments or in ditches
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D42/00—Mowers convertible to apparatus for purposes other than mowing; Mowers capable of performing operations other than mowing
- A01D42/005—Mulching
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D42/00—Mowers convertible to apparatus for purposes other than mowing; Mowers capable of performing operations other than mowing
- A01D42/04—Soil working
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D42/00—Mowers convertible to apparatus for purposes other than mowing; Mowers capable of performing operations other than mowing
- A01D42/06—Sweeping or cleaning lawns or other surfaces
- A01D42/08—Sweeping snow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D49/00—Tractors
- B62D49/06—Tractors adapted for multi-purpose use
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
- E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
- E01H5/08—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by driven elements
- E01H5/09—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by driven elements the elements being rotary or moving along a closed circular path, e.g. rotary cutter, digging wheels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
- E01H5/10—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice by application of heat for melting snow or ice, whether cleared or not, combined or not with clearing or removing mud or water, e.g. burners for melting in situ, heated clearing instruments; Cleaning snow by blowing or suction only
- E01H5/106—Clearing snow or ice exclusively by means of rays or streams of gas or steam, or by suction with or without melting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B3/00—Ploughs with fixed plough-shares
- A01B3/50—Self-propelled ploughs
- A01B3/58—Self-propelled ploughs with two wheels
- A01B3/60—Alternating ploughs
- A01B3/62—Balance ploughs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B45/00—Machines for treating meadows or lawns, e.g. for sports grounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B51/00—Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus
- A01B51/02—Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus propelled by a motor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D2101/00—Lawn-mowers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D67/00—Undercarriages or frames specially adapted for harvesters or mowers; Mechanisms for adjusting the frame; Platforms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D51/00—Motor vehicles characterised by the driver not being seated
- B62D51/04—Motor vehicles characterised by the driver not being seated the driver walking
- B62D51/06—Uniaxle walk-type tractors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
- E01H1/003—Upkeep of road sides along the pavement, for instance cleaning devices particularly for side strips
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
- E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
- Guiding Agricultural Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Oblasť technikyThe field of technology
Vynález sa týka jednonápravového zariadenia, ku ktorému sa demontovateľne pripevňujú prídavné zariadenia, výhodne žací stroj, fréza alebo pluh. K spodnému rámu sú prostredníctvom výkyvných ramien upevnené prídavné zariadenia. Výkyvné ramená sú otočné okolo čapov a prepojené ozubenými segmentmi, ktoré vytvárajú otočnú väzbu ramien s väzbou na spodný nosný rám. Predmet vynálezu je primárne učený na úpravu terénnych plôch na ťažko dostupných miestach a na svahoch.The invention relates to a single-axle device to which additional devices, preferably a mowing machine, a milling machine or a plow, can be demountably attached. Additional devices are attached to the lower frame by means of swinging arms. The swinging arms are pivoted around the pivots and connected by toothed segments that create a pivoting connection of the arms with the connection to the lower support frame. The subject of the invention is primarily taught for the treatment of terrain surfaces in hard-to-reach places and on slopes.
Doterajší stav technikyCurrent state of the art
V patentovom spise DE102016110810 je opísaný jednonápravový nosič nástroja, na ktorý je možné pripevniť príslušenstvo. Príchytka obsahuje aspoň jeden oporný valec, ktorý je ovládateľný. Aspoň jeden oporný valec je spojený s riadením kolesových jednotiek tak, že pohybom aspoň jedného oporného valca sa kolesá koordinovane zrýchľujú alebo spomaľujú. Pohon obsahuje hydraulické závitovkové prevodové koleso alebo hydraulický ovládací valec, alebo elektrický pohon.In the patent file DE102016110810, a single-axle tool carrier is described, on which accessories can be attached. The clip includes at least one support cylinder that is operable. At least one support cylinder is connected to the control of the wheel units so that by moving at least one support cylinder, the wheels are coordinatedly accelerated or decelerated. The drive includes a hydraulic worm gear or a hydraulic control cylinder, or an electric drive.
V patentovom spise EP3210809 je opísané jednonápravové zariadenie na kosenie trávy, kde každá náprava je poháňaná vlastným hydraulickým pohonom, ktoré sú ďalej napojené na hlavný motor. Absencia kĺbu na pohon zadnej nápravy umožňuje umiestnenie motora do stredovej časti blízko k zemi s cieľom znížiť ťažisko pozdĺž strednej osi podvozka.In the patent file EP3210809, a single-axle device for mowing grass is described, where each axle is driven by its own hydraulic drive, which are further connected to the main engine. The absence of a joint to drive the rear axle allows the engine to be located in the middle part close to the ground in order to lower the center of gravity along the central axis of the chassis.
V patentovom spise EP3251481 je opísaný jednonápravový nosič s príchytkou, ktorá obsahuje aspoň jeden oporný valec, ktorý je ovládateľný. Valec môže byť ďalej na zlepšenie adhézie vybavený hrotmi. Oporné valce, použité v prípade tohto vynálezu, nie sú ovládateľné.In the patent document EP3251481, a single-axle carrier with a clamp is described, which contains at least one support cylinder which is controllable. The roller can also be equipped with spikes to improve adhesion. The support rollers used in the case of this invention are not controllable.
V patentovom spise EP2510767 je opísané multifunkčné zariadenie skladajúce sa z dvoch pohonných ústrojenstiev (kolesových jednotiek), ktoré sú schopné poháňať dva rovnaké či dva rozdielne stroje v závislosti od toho, čím sú osadené. Ide o jednoosové vozidlo, pričom spoločná os je priečna na smer jazdy. V prvom nároku je zmienená šírka vozidla, ktorá sa minimálne rovná 3,5 metrom. Kolesové jednotky sú usporiadané na konci jednoosového vozidla, a to posuvne.In the patent document EP2510767, a multifunctional device consisting of two drive systems (wheel units) is described, which are able to drive two identical or two different machines, depending on what they are equipped with. It is a single-axle vehicle, while the common axis is transverse to the direction of travel. The first claim mentions the width of the vehicle, which is at least 3.5 meters. The wheel units are arranged at the end of the single-axle vehicle, sliding.
V patentovom spise US4964265 je opísaný diaľkovo riadený samochodný žací stroj, ktorý poháňajú elektromotory napájané z akumulátora. Poháňané sú zadné kolesá, stroj je riadený prostredníctvom predných kolies cez remeňovú a kladkovú sústavu napojenú na predné pojazdové kolesá. Pojazdové kolesá sú ďalej vybavené nábojmi tvaru kužeľa, slúžiac na prekonanie terénnych nerovností.Patent file US4964265 describes a remote-controlled self-propelled mower powered by battery-powered electric motors. The rear wheels are driven, the machine is steered through the front wheels via a belt and pulley system connected to the front travel wheels. The travel wheels are also equipped with cone-shaped hubs, serving to overcome terrain irregularities.
V patentovom spise CZ292880 je opísané pojazdové ústrojenstvo žacieho stroja na diaľkové ovládanie, majúce 4 ramená, na ktoré sú pružne zavesené kolesá. Na ráme je usporiadaná motorová jednotka s hnacím hriadeľom na pohon pracovného ústrojenstva a pojazdových kolies. Pojazdové kolesá sú v pojazdových jednotkách usporiadané okolo zvislej osi otočné v neobmedzenom uhlovom rozsahu 360°.In the patent file CZ292880, the running gear of a remote-controlled mowing machine is described, having 4 arms on which the wheels are flexibly suspended. A motor unit with a drive shaft is arranged on the frame to drive the working equipment and travel wheels. The travel wheels in the travel units are arranged around a vertical axis and can be rotated in an unlimited angular range of 360°.
Spoločnými nevýhodami zmienených riešení je nedostatočná priestupnosť terénom spolu v kombinácii so zachovaním rovnomernej pozície prídavných zariadení či kosacích a žacích hláv proti podkladu. Ďalším nedostatkom je stabilita a manévrovateľnosť v extrémnych svahoch a terénoch. Prejazd terénnych nerovností je v prípade akýchkoľvek dvojosových zariadení nedostačujúci. V prípade aktuálne dostupných jednoosových zariadení je potrebná k týmto zariadeniam obsluha.The common disadvantages of the mentioned solutions are the lack of permeability through the terrain, combined with the maintenance of an even position of additional equipment or mowing and mowing heads against the ground. Another shortcoming is stability and maneuverability in extreme slopes and terrains. Traversing terrain irregularities is insufficient in the case of any two-axis equipment. In the case of currently available single-axis devices, an operator is required for these devices.
Podstata vynálezuThe essence of the invention
Uvedené nedostatky sú v podstatnej miere odstránené jednonápravovým zariadením, ktorého podstata je v použití jednej nápravy, vďaka ktorej je zariadenie schopné najväčšej manévrovateľnosti a otáčania okolo svojej zvislej osi na minimálnom priestore. Unikátnosť spočíva aj v možnosti využitia dvoch prídavných pracovných zariadení, ktoré sú odnímateľné pripojiteľné na jednonápravové zariadenie. Takto predmet vynálezu umožňuje využitie dvoch pracovných zariadení, ktoré dokonca nemusia byť jedného typu. Najčastejšie využiteľné pracovné zariadenia sú kosačka, pluh, snehová fréza a ďalšie. Predmet vynálezu má nezávislé otáčanie kolies, čo umožňuje zmienené otáčanie okolo zvislej osi. Predmet vynálezu je ovládaný diaľkovo bez nutnosti priamej fyzickej prítomnosti ovládajúceho v mieste aktívneho pôsobenia predmetu vynálezu. Predmet vynálezu sa dokáže pohybovať tak dopredu, ako aj dozadu bez nutného otáčania okolo svojej zvislej osi. Toto prispieva k ešte väčšej využiteľnosti v zle dostupnom teréne. Navyše predmet vynálezu je schopný sa pohybovať vo všetkých smeroch s aktívnym zapojením prídavných pracovných zariadení, čo znamená, že napojené prídavné zariadenia sú pri zmenách smeru stále pracovne aktívne. Vyrovnanie ťažiska je dosiahnuté využitím pojazdových valcov, ktoré sú súčasťou prídavných pracovných zariadení. Prídavné pracovné zariadenia sú odnímateľné pripojiteľné k výkyvným ramenám cez konzoly na konci výkyvných ramien. Výkyvné ramená sú prepojené navzájom ozubenými segmentmi, vďaka čomu je zaručený lepší pohyb cez terénne nerovnosti, a to tak v prípade plusových (hrbov), ako mínusových (dier) nerovností. K vlastnosti lepšieho kopírovania terénu zároveň prispieva hydraulický valec, ktorý je pripojený k výkyvnému ramenu a prítlačnou silou zaručuje lepšiu priľnavosť hnacích kolies (hnanej nápravy) a pojazdového valca prídavného pracovného zariadenia, čím zaručuje plynulé kopírovanie terénu prídavného pracovného zariadenia. Hydraulický valec tak absorbuje protichodné sily pôsobiace proti nemu. Hydraulický valec je otočné pripojený k výkyvnému ramenu a k bočnici, ktorá je pevne prichytená k nosnému rámu. Vertikálny piestový motor mechanicky poháňa čerpadlo, ktoré dodáva požadované množstvo oleja do rozvádzača. Rozvádzač elektronicky ovláda riadiaca jednotka, ktorá určuje na základe signálu rádiového vysielača presun oleja v systéme podľa požiadavky. Na hydraulický rozvod predmetu vynálezu je napojiteľné prídavné pracovné zariadenie, vďaka čomu je umožnený vertikálny aj horizontálny pohyb prídavného pracovného zariadenia. Ďalším prvkom predmetu vynálezu sú prídavné pracovné zariadenia presadené proti pozdĺžnej zvislej rovine jednonápravového zariadenia, čo pri pracovnom využití v teréne pri pohybe jednonápravového zariadenia znamená, že aspoň jedno koleso nezasahuje do plochy, ktorú sa zamýšľa upravovať. Vďaka zlepšenej adhézii prostredníctvom výkyvných ramien a hydraulického valca má zariadenie podľa vynálezu samouvoľnovacie schopnosti do uhla 55° a neustáleho chodu v náklone 45°. Hydraulické valce je možné ovládať samostatne nezávisle od seba. Predmet vynálezu sa môže pohybovať na kolesách alebo na pásoch podľa potreby využitia.The mentioned shortcomings are largely eliminated by the single-axle device, the essence of which is the use of one axle, thanks to which the device is capable of the greatest maneuverability and rotation around its vertical axis in the minimum space. The uniqueness also lies in the possibility of using two additional working devices, which are removable and can be connected to a single-axle device. In this way, the object of the invention enables the use of two work devices, which do not even have to be of the same type. The most frequently used work equipment is a mower, plow, snow blower and others. The object of the invention has independent rotation of the wheels, which enables the mentioned rotation around the vertical axis. The object of the invention is controlled remotely without the need for the direct physical presence of the controller in the place of active action of the object of the invention. The object of the invention can move both forwards and backwards without the need to rotate around its vertical axis. This contributes to even greater usability in poorly accessible terrain. In addition, the object of the invention is able to move in all directions with the active engagement of additional working devices, which means that the connected additional devices are still active when changing direction. Equalization of the center of gravity is achieved by the use of travel cylinders, which are part of additional work equipment. Additional work equipment is removable and can be attached to the swing arms through brackets at the end of the swing arms. The swinging arms are interconnected by toothed segments, thanks to which a better movement over terrain irregularities is guaranteed, both in the case of plus (bumps) and minus (holes) irregularities. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder that is connected to the swinging arm contributes to the property of better copying of the terrain and with its compressive force guarantees better adhesion of the drive wheels (driven axle) and the traveling cylinder of the additional work equipment, thus ensuring smooth copying of the terrain of the additional work equipment. The hydraulic cylinder thus absorbs the opposing forces acting against it. The hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the swinging arm and to the sidewall, which is firmly attached to the supporting frame. A vertical piston engine mechanically drives a pump that supplies the required amount of oil to the distributor. The distributor is electronically controlled by the control unit, which determines, based on the radio transmitter signal, the movement of oil in the system as required. Additional work equipment can be connected to the hydraulic distribution of the subject of the invention, thanks to which vertical and horizontal movement of the additional work equipment is enabled. Another element of the subject of the invention are additional working devices pushed against the longitudinal vertical plane of the single-axle device, which, when used in the field during the movement of the single-axle device, means that at least one wheel does not interfere with the area that is intended to be modified. Thanks to the improved adhesion by means of swinging arms and hydraulic cylinder, the device according to the invention has self-release capabilities up to an angle of 55° and continuous operation in an inclination of 45°. The hydraulic cylinders can be controlled independently of each other. The object of the invention can move on wheels or on tracks according to the need of use.
Prehľad obrázkov na výkresochOverview of images on drawings
Vynález bude ďalej podrobnejšie objasnený v príkladoch jeho uskutočnenia prostredníctvom priložených výkresov, kde:The invention will further be explained in more detail in the examples of its implementation through the attached drawings, where:
obr. 1 znázorňuje pôdorysný pohľad na jednonápravové zariadenie, obr. 2 znázorňuje pohľad zboku na jednonápravové zariadenie, obr. 3 znázorňuje bočný pohľad na rám jednonápravového zariadenia bez pohonného ústrojenstva a obr. 4 znázorňuje schematicky jednonápravové zariadenie v troch polohách pri prekonávaní terénnych nerovností.Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a single-axle device, fig. 2 shows a side view of a single-axle device, fig. 3 shows a side view of the frame of a single-axle device without a drive train, and FIG. 4 schematically shows a single-axle device in three positions when overcoming terrain irregularities.
Príklady uskutočnenia vynálezuExamples of implementation of the invention
Jednonápravové zariadenie 1 podľa príkladného uskutočnenia tohto vynálezu pozostáva z rámu, na ktorom je uložený motor 2 a celkové pohonné ústrojenstvo predmetu vynálezu.The single-axle device 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of this invention consists of a frame on which the engine 2 and the overall drive system of the subject of the invention are placed.
Jednonápravové zariadenie 1, jeho pojazdová časť, ktorú tvoria kolesá 3 so spätnou väzbou separátne poháňané vertikálnym piestovým motorom 2 umiestneným na nosnom ráme 11, je ovládané diaľkovo prostredníctvom vysielača, ktorý ovláda riadiacu jednotku 4, ktorá okrem iného riadi smer otáčania kolies 3. Motor 2 mechanicky poháňa čerpadlo, ktoré dodáva požadované množstvo oleja do rozvádzača. Rozvádzač je elektronicky ovládaný riadiacou jednotkou 4, ktorá určuje na základe signálu rádiového vysielača presun oleja v systéme podľa požiadavky.The single-axle device 1, its running part, which consists of wheels 3 with feedback separately driven by a vertical piston motor 2 located on a supporting frame 11, is controlled remotely by means of a transmitter that controls the control unit 4, which, among other things, controls the direction of rotation of the wheels 3. Motor 2 it mechanically drives the pump, which supplies the required amount of oil to the distributor. The distributor is electronically controlled by the control unit 4, which determines, based on the signal of the radio transmitter, the transfer of oil in the system according to the request.
Jednonápravové zariadenie 1 je schopné sa otáčať okolo svojej osi vďaka nezávislému otáčaniu kolies 3. Nezávislé otáčanie kolies 3 umožňuje otáčanie kolies 3 v protichodnom smere, vďaka čomu sa jednonápravového zariadenie otočí okolo svojej vlastnej zvislej osi. Prostredníctvom vysielača je možné upravovať otáčavú rýchlosť jednonápravového zariadenia 1, rýchlosť pojazdu a samotné zapínanie/vypínanie jednonápravového zariadenia 1, hydraulický valec 8 v prípade napojenia prídavného zariadenia na hydraulický rozvod jednonápravového zariadenia 1. Jednonápravové zariadenie 1 sa dokáže pohybovať dopredu aj dozadu bez nutnosti otáčania predmetu vynálezu samotného, a to aj pri aktívnom zapojení prídavných pracovných zariadení 5.The single-axle device 1 is able to rotate about its axis thanks to the independent rotation of the wheels 3. The independent rotation of the wheels 3 allows the wheels 3 to rotate in the opposite direction, thanks to which the single-axle device turns around its own vertical axis. Through the transmitter, it is possible to adjust the rotating speed of the single-axle device 1, the travel speed and the actual switching on/off of the single-axle device 1, the hydraulic cylinder 8 in the case of connecting an additional device to the hydraulic distribution of the single-axle device 1. The single-axle device 1 can move forwards and backwards without the need to rotate the object of the invention itself, even with the active involvement of additional work equipment 5.
Na vyrovnanie ťažiska a samotného náklonu pri pohybe jednonápravového zariadenia 1 slúžia pojazdové valce 9, ktoré sú súčasťou prídavných pracovných zariadení 5, ktoré sú odnímateľné pripojiteľné k výkyvným ramenám 6 jednonápravového zariadenia 1 konzolami 10 na koncoch výkyvných ramien 6. Výkyvné ramená 6 sú otočné okolo čapov a prepojené ozubenými segmentmi 7, ktoré vytvárajú otočnú väzbu výkyvných ramien 6 s väzbou na nosný rám 11. Pri nájazde na terénnu nerovnosť nastáva nadvihnutie predného prídavného zariadenia 5 odnímateľné pripojeného ku konzole 10 výkyvného ramena 6, ktoré je prepojené cez spolu zaberajúce ozubené segmenty 7 prepojené s druhým výkyvným ramenom 6, ktoré vplyvom prepojenia nadvihuje od podkladu druhý pojazdový valec 9 prídavného pracovného zariadenia 5 odnímateľné pripojeného k druhému výkyvnému ramenu 6. Vplyvom spolu zaberajúcich ozubených segmentov 7 výkyvných ramien 6 v strede rámu 11 dochádza k ideálnemu kopírovaniu terénnych nerovností, a týmto dosahujú kolesá 3 ideálnu adhéziu a lepší prenos sily z kolies 3 k podkladu nutného na pohyb jednonápravového zariadenia 1 v strmých plochách a pri prekonávaní terénnych nerovností a dier v teréne. Týmto je zaručená priechodnosť terénu s veľkými terénnymi nerovnosťami. Na dosiahnutie ideálnej adhézie prispieva hydraulický valec 8, ktorý prítlačnou silou pôsobí aspoň na jedno z výkyvných ramien 6, ktoré spolu zaberajúcimi ozubenými segmentmi 7 pôsobí na druhé výkyvné rameno 6, čím eliminuje nechcené náhle skokové zmeny v teréne, kedy hydraulický valec 8 absorbuje protichodné sily pôsobiace proti nemu.To balance the center of gravity and the tilt itself during the movement of the single-axle device 1, the traveling cylinders 9 are used, which are part of the additional working devices 5, which are removable and can be connected to the swinging arms 6 of the single-axle device 1 with brackets 10 at the ends of the swinging arms 6. The swinging arms 6 are rotatable around the pins and connected by toothed segments 7, which create a rotating connection of the swinging arms 6 with a connection to the supporting frame 11. When approaching a terrain unevenness, there is a lifting of the front additional device 5, which is removable and connected to the console 10 of the swinging arm 6, which is connected through interlocking toothed segments 7 connected with the second swinging arm 6, which, due to the connection, raises from the ground the second travel cylinder 9 of the additional working device 5, which is removable connected to the second swinging arm 6. Due to the effect of the interlocking toothed segments 7 of the swinging arms 6 in the center of the frame 11, ideal copying of terrain irregularities occurs, and thus reach ko forests 3 ideal adhesion and better transmission of force from the wheels 3 to the ground necessary for the movement of the single-axle device 1 on steep surfaces and when overcoming terrain irregularities and holes in the terrain. This guarantees the passability of the terrain with large terrain irregularities. The hydraulic cylinder 8 contributes to the achievement of ideal adhesion, which exerts a compressive force on at least one of the swinging arms 6, which acts on the second swinging arm 6 through the engaging toothed segments 7, thereby eliminating unwanted sudden jump changes in the terrain, when the hydraulic cylinder 8 absorbs opposing forces acting against him.
Hydraulický valec 8 je otočné pripojený k výkyvnému ramenu 6 a k bočnici, ktorá je pevne prichytená k nosnému rámu 11 jednonápravového zariadenia 1. Výkyvné ramená 6 sú na koncoch priliehajúcich k sebe vybavené spolu zaberajúcimi ozubenými segmentmi 7, čím je pri prejazde terénnych nerovností umožnené prídavným pracovným zariadeniam 5 hladký pohyb a kopírovanie terénnych nerovností.The hydraulic cylinder 8 is rotatably connected to the swinging arm 6 and to the sidewall, which is firmly attached to the supporting frame 11 of the single-axle device 1. The swinging arms 6 are equipped at their adjacent ends with interlocking toothed segments 7, which enables additional working devices 5 smooth movement and copying of terrain irregularities.
Výkyvné ramená 6 sú na jednej strane pevne spojené s konzolami 10, ku ktorým sú odnímateľné pripojené prídavné pracovné zariadenia 5. Prídavné pracovné zariadenie 5 je napojiteľné na hydraulický rozvod predmetu vynálezu, a týmto umožňuje prídavnému pracovnému zariadeniu 5 dodatočný vertikálny aj horizontálny pohyb.The swinging arms 6 are on one side firmly connected to the brackets 10, to which the additional work equipment 5 is removably connected. The additional work equipment 5 can be connected to the hydraulic distribution of the subject of the invention, and thus allows the additional work equipment 5 additional vertical and horizontal movement.
Jednonápravové zariadenie 1 podľa tohto vynálezu prináša značné uľahčenie samotnej práce v teréne vďaka bočné, vzhľadom na pozdĺžnu zvislú rovinu P jednonápravového zariadenia 1, presadeným prídavným pracovným zariadeniam 5, kedy napríklad pri použití žacieho stroja ako prídavného pracovného zariadenia 5 aspoň jedno koleso 3 pri pohybe nezasahuje do plochy, ktorú sa uvažuje pracovne upravovať. Prídavné pracovné zariadenie 5 pri svojej aktivácii pôsobí na ploche, ktorá je daná šírkou prídavného pracovného zariadenia 5, pričom aspoň jedno koleso 3 jednonápravového zariadenia 1 pri pohybe túto plochu míňa. Pri práci na svahu je predmet vynálezu schopný samouvoľnenia do uhla 55° a neustáleho chodu v náklone 45°. Vďaka nízkemu ťažisku, obojstrannej prevádzke a technickému riešeniu vyvažovania je jednonápravové zariadenie 1 vhodné na prácu na rovine aj na strmých svahoch alebo v teréne s nerovnosťami. Jednonápravové zariadenie 1 je schopné pohybu tak na kolesách, ako aj na pásoch.The single-axle device 1 according to the present invention greatly facilitates the work itself in the field thanks to the lateral, relative to the longitudinal vertical plane P of the single-axle device 1, offset additional working devices 5, when, for example, when using a mower as an additional working device 5, at least one wheel 3 does not interfere during movement to the area that is considered to be professionally modified. During its activation, the additional working device 5 acts on a surface that is given by the width of the additional working device 5, while at least one wheel 3 of the single-axle device 1 passes this surface during movement. When working on a slope, the subject of the invention is capable of self-release up to an angle of 55° and continuous operation in an incline of 45°. Thanks to the low center of gravity, double-sided operation and the technical solution of balancing, the single-axle device 1 is suitable for working on the flat as well as on steep slopes or in uneven terrain. The single-axle device 1 is capable of moving both on wheels and on tracks.
Priemyselná využiteľnosťIndustrial applicability
Jednonápravové zariadenie podľa vynálezu nachádza uplatnenie pri vyžínaní zarastených plôch, pri úprave svahov či okrajov ciest, v prípade pripojení rôznych prídavných zariadení sa použitie jednonápravového zariadenia rozširuje o ďalšie funkcie, výhodne použitia kosačky, snežnej frézy, pluhu a ďalších.The single-axle device according to the invention is used in mowing overgrown areas, in the preparation of slopes or road edges, in the case of connecting various additional devices, the use of the single-axle device is extended to other functions, preferably the use of a lawnmower, snowblower, plow and others.
Zoznam vzťahových značiekList of relationship tags
Jednonápravové zariadenieSingle-axle device
MotorEngine
KolesoWheel
Riadiaca jednotkaController
Prídavné pracovné zariadenieAdditional work equipment
Výkyvné ramenoSwing arm
Ozubené segmentyToothed segments
Hydraulický valecHydraulic cylinder
Pojazdové valceTravel cylinders
KonzolyConsoles
RámFrame
P Pozdĺžna rovinaP Longitudinal plane
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CZ2019-384A CZ308506B6 (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2019-06-18 | Single axle equipment |
| CZCZ2019-384 | 2019-06-18 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SK500322020A3 SK500322020A3 (en) | 2021-01-13 |
| SK289002B6 true SK289002B6 (en) | 2022-10-12 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK500322020A SK289002B6 (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2020-05-29 | Single-axle device |
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| AT (1) | AT522728B1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ308506B6 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102020115704B4 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR3097404B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2587460B (en) |
| PL (1) | PL240129B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2769159C2 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK289002B6 (en) |
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| EP4494983A1 (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2025-01-22 | Arm Eggiwil AG | Device carrier with sting wheels |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE262795C (en) * | ||||
| GB191415292A (en) * | 1914-06-26 | 1915-06-28 | Richard Hitchcock | Improvements in Balance or Semi-balance Motor Ploughs and Cultivators. |
| GB120731A (en) * | 1917-07-03 | 1919-10-30 | Motorkultur A G | Improved Self-propelled Agricultural Implement for Cultivating, Mowing, Grinding and the like. |
| GB123164A (en) * | 1918-02-14 | 1919-02-14 | Daniel Yeld Wheatley | Improvements in and relating to Balance Ploughs. |
| GB154346A (en) * | 1919-09-01 | 1920-12-01 | Claes Philip Baeckstroem | Improvements in plowing machines |
| GB226458A (en) * | 1924-08-25 | 1924-12-24 | William Godfrey Molyneux Sarel | Improvements in connection with lawn mowing and rolling machines |
| GB292880A (en) * | 1928-02-14 | 1928-06-28 | Gerald Thomas Rawnsley | A signalling window for use of motor car drivers |
| GB1524973A (en) * | 1975-08-07 | 1978-09-13 | Douglas W | Agricultural implements |
| DE2612876A1 (en) * | 1976-03-26 | 1977-10-06 | Agrocomga Gaede & Co | Two wheel agricultural tractor power module - has fore and aft couplings for implements and transverse power unit |
| GB1577430A (en) * | 1977-06-08 | 1980-10-22 | Kverneland As | Drive unit |
| FR2616998B1 (en) * | 1987-06-24 | 1991-05-24 | Monge Robert | DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE MOTOR WITH TRAPEZOIDAL BELTS AS A BASE FOR VARIOUS EQUIPMENT SUCH AS A PLOW, TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT, TRACK MOUNTING |
| US4964265A (en) | 1989-09-11 | 1990-10-23 | Young Carl W | Remotely controlled lawn mower |
| CZ10033U1 (en) * | 2000-04-06 | 2000-05-29 | Laski | Single axle tool carrier, especially for municipal use |
| RU2331176C2 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-08-20 | Рэм Ефимович Фридбург | Universal agricultural axle equipment |
| US20090249758A1 (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2009-10-08 | Darryll Duane Weeden | Sidewinder Fence Mower |
| DE102012102679A1 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2012-10-11 | Martin Brielmaier | Single-axle vehicle |
| EP2862787B1 (en) * | 2013-10-20 | 2017-06-21 | Rapid Technic AG | Self-propelled, preferably uniaxial, motorised work machine for moving and/or driving attached tools |
| DE202015007529U1 (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2017-02-02 | Heidi Moosdorf | Self-propelled usable area processing device |
| ITUB20160931A1 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2017-08-22 | Energreen S R L | SELF-PROPELLED VEHICLE CONFIGURED TO BE EQUIPPED WITH WORKING TOOLS |
| DE102016110810A1 (en) | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-14 | Martin Brielmaier | Single-axle equipment carrier and attachment for a single-axle equipment carrier |
| EP3251481B1 (en) | 2016-05-30 | 2021-01-27 | Brielmaier Motormäher GmbH | Single axle device support and add-on for a single axle device support |
| DK179811B1 (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-07-01 | Kaastrup Søren | Equipment rack |
-
2019
- 2019-06-18 CZ CZ2019-384A patent/CZ308506B6/en unknown
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2020
- 2020-05-29 SK SK500322020A patent/SK289002B6/en unknown
- 2020-06-05 GB GB2008500.7A patent/GB2587460B/en active Active
- 2020-06-15 DE DE102020115704.5A patent/DE102020115704B4/en active Active
- 2020-06-15 PL PL434316A patent/PL240129B1/en unknown
- 2020-06-16 RU RU2020119840A patent/RU2769159C2/en active
- 2020-06-17 AT ATA139/2020A patent/AT522728B1/en active
- 2020-06-17 FR FR2006331A patent/FR3097404B1/en active Active
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| PL434316A1 (en) | 2020-12-28 |
| DE102020115704B4 (en) | 2025-03-27 |
| RU2020119840A (en) | 2021-12-16 |
| PL240129B1 (en) | 2022-02-21 |
| FR3097404B1 (en) | 2023-12-15 |
| RU2020119840A3 (en) | 2021-12-16 |
| AT522728A3 (en) | 2022-11-15 |
| AT522728A2 (en) | 2021-01-15 |
| GB2587460B (en) | 2023-07-26 |
| SK500322020A3 (en) | 2021-01-13 |
| RU2769159C2 (en) | 2022-03-28 |
| FR3097404A1 (en) | 2020-12-25 |
| GB2587460A (en) | 2021-03-31 |
| AT522728B1 (en) | 2023-04-15 |
| CZ2019384A3 (en) | 2020-09-30 |
| DE102020115704A1 (en) | 2020-12-24 |
| CZ308506B6 (en) | 2020-09-30 |
| GB202008500D0 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
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