RU59072U1 - DEVICE FOR REMOVING FLAT WASTE FROM LONG FIBER RAW MATERIAL - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the textile industry, and in particular, to devices for the separation of waste flat textile materials (a flap of fabric, knitwear, non-woven fabrics) from woolen fiber and its mixture with chemical fibers. A disadvantage of the known designs is that they use a hard effect on the textile material from the gear and peel working surfaces, which is unacceptable for wool fibers having a longer length, crimp and elasticity compared to cotton. This leads to mass ruptures and damage to expensive fibrous material.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the productivity of the process of cracking, intensification of the development of the flap and the exclusion of significant shortening of the fibers during the regeneration process. The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for the separation of flat waste from long-fiber raw materials containing a power unit with a conveyor and feed rollers, a loosening unit and a discharge unit with two mesh drums, according to a utility model, the power unit further has an exhaust device consisting of two a pair of rollers covered by a serrated headset, the teeth of which are inclined in the opposite direction to the rotation of the rollers, the loosening unit is a hollow drum with a headset, consisting Of the separate, staggered teeth of an ellipsoidal section with three tips, around the drum 3/4 of its circumference there is a perforated pallet, the holes of which are made in the form of ellipsoid confusers and arranged in a checkerboard pattern, a steam line is connected to the drum in the end part, and on steam nozzles are located between the teeth of the drum between the teeth; sensors of the automatic steam supply control system are installed inside the sealed device case. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the textile industry, namely, devices for the separation and recovery of waste flat textile materials (flap, knitwear, non-woven fabrics) from wool fiber and its mixture with chemical fibers for the purpose of their reuse as fibrous raw materials in the production of textile products.

Of the existing technical solutions known single drum kontervalnaya machine mod. Picker company Laroche (France)., Designed for preliminary razvolenny wool and mixed fabrics, knitted and felt scraps, as well as scraps of material made from chemical fibers [1], containing a feed conveyor with a pair of grooved feed rollers or rollers with spikes, rollers with rubber coating or serrated headset, loosening drum with a headset of enlarged teeth of a curved profile.

A device for flap razvolennosti flap [2], having a conveyor with a rubberized sealing roller, a feeding table and a loosening ring drum, is taken as a prototype. A knife is installed under the drum, which separates large undeveloped fragments of the flap and drops them down onto the conveyor returning to the feeding organs. The developed material settles on the surface of the mesh drum due to air suction and, with the help of a supply pair, is sent to the next section of fiberizing of a similar design.

A disadvantage of the known constructions is that in the technology of cracking, the basis is taken of a rigid effect on the textile material from the toothed and pegs working surfaces, which is unacceptable for wool fibers having a longer length, crimp and elasticity compared to cotton. Such a force effect on textile structures, in

which fibers are fixed to each other due to numerous bonds, as a rule, is associated with mass breaks and damage to expensive fibrous material.

In addition, the well-known technology of regeneration does not provide for the possibility of sequential separation of structurally related elements of textile material in the optimum necessary sequence, for example, fabric - yarn - single fibers. Also, it is not provided to weaken the deformation inside the material element before the subsequent mechanical action.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the productivity of the process of cracking, intensification of the development of the flap and the exclusion of significant shortening of the fibers during the regeneration process.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for the separation of flat waste from long-fiber raw materials containing a power unit with a conveyor and feed rollers, a loosening unit and a discharge unit with two mesh drums, according to a utility model, the power unit further has an exhaust device consisting of two a pair of rollers covered by a serrated headset, the teeth of which are inclined in the opposite direction to the rotation of the rollers, the loosening unit is a hollow drum with a headset, consisting Of the separate, staggered teeth of an ellipsoidal section with three tips, around the drum 3/4 of its circumference there is a perforated pallet, the holes of which are made in the form of ellipsoid confusers and arranged in a checkerboard pattern, a steam line is connected to the drum in the end part, and on steam nozzles are located between the teeth of the drum between the teeth; sensors of the automatic steam supply control system are installed inside the sealed device case.

Figure 1 presents the technological scheme of the inventive device for razvolnenie flat textile waste.

The device for razvokoleniya consists of a power unit, including a feed conveyor 1 (figure 1) with a sealing roller 2 and an exhaust device, consisting of two pairs of rollers 3 and 4, covered with a saw headset with the tooth inclined in the direction opposite to rotation, for better grip and retention of the flap. The upper rollers are pressed against the lower spring load. The picking drum 5, like the drums of a plucking machine, is equipped with a toothed set consisting of staggered individual metal teeth 6 of an ellipsoidal section with three tips. A steam line 7 is brought into the inner cavity of the drum, and nozzles 8 for steam exit are located between the teeth on the drum surface. Under the drum there is a perforated tray 9 with holes 10 in the form of ellipsoidal confusers arranged in a checkerboard pattern. Around the drum with a perforated tray there is an airtight enclosure 11, in the lower part of which there is a funnel 12 with a nozzle 13 for draining the condensate. An outlet knife 14 and a pair of mesh drums 75 with a fan 16 are installed in the output part of the enclosure. At the outlet from the mesh drum clamp, an exhaust device with two pairs of corrugated metal rollers 77 is installed, which is the feeding device for the next section of pulp. Inside the guard 77 are sensors 18 of the automatic steam control system.

The device operates as follows. Flat textile material after cutting into small fragments and orienting in a continuous stream on a cutting machine through a conveyor 7 (Fig. 1) enters the sealing roller 2. In the clamp formed between the roller and the conveyor belt, the material enters under the influence of the teeth of the headset of the rollers 3, the linear speed of which slightly larger than the conveyor. Due to the difference in speeds, the tooth acts forcefully on an element of the fibrous structure (a flap of fabric, knitwear or a non-woven fabric) and weakening of bonds between threads and fibers. As the speed increases in the next pair of rollers 4, this effect gradually increases. Due to the small hood, in

in the range from 2 to 2.5, the longitudinal orientation of the released threads and fibers occurs and they are pulled apart between the teeth of the headsets of the first 3 and second 4 pairs of rollers. This leads to a weakening of the elements of the textile structure and to a decrease in their bulk weight.

Then the pre-pulled material in the power unit enters the loosening unit. Here, the teeth of the rotating drum 5 act on the material. Tooth 6, due to the elliptical profile, makes an incision in the flap when interacting with it. In addition, the ellipsoidal section of the tooth reduces the likelihood of winding on it already fibrous fibers and threads. Three points on the tooth hold a fragment of textile material, dragging it through the gap between the drum 5 and the pallet 9. At the same time, the free part of the fragment interacts with the recesses 10 in the pallet, experiencing shaking, while soft and gradual release of threads and fibers from the textile structure occurs. At the same time, steam jets formed by nozzles 8 act on the material, reducing the adhesion of the wool fibers, pressing the material to the pallet and thereby increasing the efficiency of its deformation, as well as cleaning and disinfecting it. Thus, the fragment of the flap is held on one side by the tips of the tooth, on the other hand it is pressed against the pallet by centrifugal force and the aerodynamic force acting on the side of the steam jet. The steam comes from the line through the pipeline 7 into the inner cavity of the drum 5 and is distributed in the gap between the drum and the pallet. The spent steam leaves through the holes 10 of the pallet into the lower part of the airtight enclosure 11, where it cools and condenses, while its pressure drops sharply. Condensate is collected in a funnel 72 and drains through the nozzle 13. The steam supply is regulated by sensors 18, which, when the pressure and temperature inside the sealed enclosure 11 increase, give the command to close the pressure reducing valve in the steam line 7, or to open the valve when the pressure and temperature decrease.

The profile of the holes 10 in the pan in the form of a confuser allows you to save the speed of the jet when the steam passes through the hole, to provide contact

material with a pallet due to the pressing aerodynamic force and to separate weed impurities from the material. The ellipsoidal recess in the pallet due to the orientation of the larger diameter in the direction of rotation of the drum allows the rotating boundary layer of air to smoothly pass through the holes of the pallet without turbulence, while reducing the likelihood of lateral aerodynamic force and Taylor vortices affecting the material causing the fiber to ignite.

To remove material from the teeth of the drum, a cutter knife 14 is used, which directs the flow of material and air to the mesh drums 15. The fan 16 draws air with residual water vapor from the inner cavity of the mesh drums, on the surface of which a layer of fibrous material is formed and enters the exhaust device 17, consisting of two pairs of grooved rollers. In a fume hood, before feeding into the next section of fiberizing, the longitudinal orientation of the fibers and threads and the diagonal orientation of the remaining fragments of the tissue flap (warp and weft are located at an angle to the direction of movement), which facilitates the next stage of fiberizing and reduces damage to the fibers.

Sources of information taken into account:

1. Processing of textile waste and recycled materials / N.N. Petkanova, D.G. Urumova, V.P. Chernev; under the editorship of A.M. Chelysheva. - M .: Legprombytizdat, 1991, - 240 p.

2. A plucking machine. Application 3716823 Germany, MKI D 04 G 11/0. H. Schirp Gmbh und Co KG. Claim 05.20.87, publ. 12/08/88. РЖ Light industry. Machines and equipment for the textile industry. No. 9, 1989, p. 12.

Claims (1)

A device for removing flat waste from long-fiber raw materials containing a power unit with a conveyor and feed rollers, a loosening unit and a discharge unit with two mesh drums, characterized in that the power unit additionally has an exhaust device consisting of two pairs of rollers fitted with a serrated headset, teeth which are inclined in the opposite direction to the rotation of the rollers, the loosening unit is a hollow drum with a headset consisting of separate, staggered teeth with a three-pointed cross section, around the drum 3/4 of its circumference there is a perforated tray, the holes of which are made in the form of ellipsoid confusers and are staggered, a steam pipe is connected to the drum in the end part, and steam spray nozzles are located on the surface of the drum between the teeth, inside the sealed enclosure of the device installed sensors of the automatic control system for the supply of steam.