RU2837391C1 - Method for increasing adaptive and productive indices of goats - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, namely to a method for increasing adaptive and productive indices of goats. Method consists in the fact that in addition to the basic diet of young goats at the age of two months probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 is introduced in dose of 4×10⁷ CFU/g, colloidal silicon dioxide and medical glycerol at ratio of 10:2:1 30 minutes before feeding, one capsule per head once a day for two months with the help of a bolus giver.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase protective forces and metabolic processes in organism of goats, to increase weight gain and to reduce mortality.

1 cl, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to a method of feeding goats.

Dairy and meat goat breeding has become widespread in the Russian Federation and in the Samara region in particular. Balanced feeding of goats makes it possible to realize the genetic potential inherent in their breed to obtain high-quality dairy products. Scientists have proven that the use of probiotics and other biologically active substances in addition to the main diet leads to an increase in metabolism in the body of agricultural birds and animals, an increase in the absorption of nutrients and a decrease in feed costs per unit of live weight gain (1, 2, 3, 4).

A probiotic preparation for poultry based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is known - it is an antagonist of pathogenic microorganisms such as: Escherichia coli, Salmonella and others (patent N2766706, A23K10/00, 01/15/2022). The use of the preparation in addition to the main diet showed high efficiency in the experiment with a concentration of lyophilized mass of spore-forming bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens of at least 1×10 ⁷ CFU/g. It is recommended for use in poultry farming in order to increase the productivity and quality of poultry meat. There is no data on the use of this probiotic in animal husbandry.

A feed additive based on the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B-20/VKPM B 12168 strain is known (patent N2614858, C12N1/20, 03/29/2017). The strain can be used to obtain a feed additive that increases the productivity of farm animals, poultry and fish. The invention allows to normalize the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract of farm animals, poultry and fish and increase their productivity. The feed additive was tested on newborn piglets diagnosed with diarrhea, the piglets recovered 3 days faster than in the control. Tests were conducted on meat chickens, as a result, the chickens in the experimental group gained weight more intensively. When giving the fish a probiotic, the growth rate of young fish in the experimental group compared to the control was 18%. There is no data on the use of the B. amyloliquefaciens strain B-20/VKPM B 12168 in cattle breeding.

The objective of the invention is to increase the adaptive and productive performance of goats.

The technical result achieved by the invention is an increase in the protective forces and metabolic processes in the body of an animal, in particular goats, an increase in weight gain, and a decrease in mortality throughout the entire technological cycle.

The specified technical result in the method for increasing the adaptation and productivity indicators of goats is achieved by introducing, in addition to the main diet of young goats aged two months, the probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 at a dose of 4×10 ⁷ CFU/g, colloidal silicon dioxide and medical glycerin in a ratio of 10:2:1 30 minutes before feeding, one capsule per head once a day for two months using a bolus dispenser.

The probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 is mixed with colloidal silicon dioxide and medical glycerin in a ratio of 10:2:1. The addition of silicon and glycerin is necessary to reduce the risk of damage to the spores of the bacteria B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475. The powder mixture is sent to the encapsulator. At the output, one capsule contains B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 at a dose of 4×10⁷CFU/g.

The proposed probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 has a fungicidal and bactericidal effect, hydrolyzes gelatin and starch, utilizes citrate, reduces nitrate, forms catalase, forms acid from glucose, mannitol and arabinose, has protease and amylase activity and does not have lipase activity. Probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 has a high resistance to gastrointestinal enzymes, and also suppresses the activity of pathogenic microorganisms. The use of B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 helps to improve the digestion process of kids by activating metabolic reactions in the body due to the vital activity of beneficial microflora, improving the general health of animals and solves the problem of profitability and environmental friendliness of goat products.

Research was conducted at the farm for the production and processing of goat milk, the peasant farm "Semkina O.V." Privolzhsky district of the Samara region. The experimental group included kids according to the principle of pairs of analogues - identical in weight, age, 20 heads in a group of 2 months of age. These kids took the probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 at a dose of 4×10 ⁷ 30 minutes before feeding, 1 capsule per head 1 time per day for 2 months using a bolus dispenser. Animals of the control group were kept on the main diet.

Table 1

Morphological indices of blood of young goats

Indicators Control group Experimental group Erythrocytes, 10 ¹² /l 3.24±0.09 2.9±0.11* Hemoglobin, g/l 109±3.06 121±2.55** Hematocrit, % 12.67±0.32 13.88±0.37* Leukocytes, 10 ⁹ /l 10.61±0.23 10.45±0.16 Leukoformula, % Basophils 0.50±0.10 0.21±0.04 Eosinophils 0.60±0.35 0.61±0.13 Neutrophils, incl. young 1.2±0.02 0.4±0.03 band-shaped 5.20±0.09 5.02±0.12 segmented 38.80±0.09 41.07±1.08* Lymphocytes 51.40±1.13 51.25±1.05 Monocytes 2.30±0.07 1.44±0.06**

Here and below, note: * - p≤0.05, ** - p≤0.01, *** - p≤0.001 - relative to control data.

The hemoglobin content in the blood of kids in the experimental group was 9.4% higher (p≤0.01), the hematocrit index was 1.2% higher (p≤0.05), the erythrocyte content increased by 9.4% (p≤0.01), compared to the control animals. Analyzing the leukocyte formula, it should be noted that the number of band neutrophils in the experimental group was 3% lower; the number of segmented neutrophils was 2.3% higher (p≤0.05), and monocytes were 0.9% lower (p≤0.01) than in the control. The introduction of the probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 into the diet of kids contributed to the enhancement of hematopoiesis in the body of the experimental animals.

Table 2

Biochemical parameters of blood of young goats

Indicators Control group Experimental group Nitrogen metabolism Total protein, g/l 66.27±1.25 70.33±1.12* Albumins, g/l 27.12±1.07 31.12±1.31** Globulins, g/l 39.15±1.16 39.21±1.21 AST, IU/L 86.10±3.31 79.14±3.96 ALT, IU/L 18.12±1.01 18.55±1.03 Urea, mmol/l 4.24±0.21 5.76±0.39* Creatinine, μM/l 62.88±2.08 69.56±1.88** Carbohydrate-lipid metabolism Total bilirubin, μM/l 0.87±0.04 0.68±0.04* Cholesterol, mmol/l 2.77±0.12 2.39±0.12* Triglycerides, mm/l 0.57±0.03 0.67±0.03* Glucose, mmol/l 2.60±0.11 2.74±0.09 Mineral metabolism Alkaline phosphatase, IU/L 387.06±13.35 328.67±11.43* Calcium, mmol/l 2.65±0.06 2.69±0.08 Phosphorus, mmol/l 3.23±0.11 3.10±0.19 Magnesium, mmol/l 0.84±0.04 1.03±0.05* Chlorides, mM/l 102.98±4.63 103.61±5.48

The use of the probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 at a dose of 4×10 ⁷ significantly increased the protein metabolism indices: total protein by 6.1% (p≤0.01), albumin by 14.7% (p≤0.01), creatinine by 10.6% (p≤0.01) and decreased the amount of urea by 35% (p≤0.05), relative to the control. Administration of the probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 at a dose of 4×10 ⁷ to kids improved the indices of carbohydrate-lipid metabolism - the amount of bilirubin decreased by 21.8% (p≤0.05), cholesterol by 13.7% (p≤0.05); the number of triglycerides increased by 17.5% (p≤0.05) relative to the control.

All clinical and physiological parameters correspond to the norm, but in the experimental group during the experiment, the morphological and biochemical indicators were higher, which indicates more intensive metabolic processes in the body of the kids, which in turn finds a positive response in the dynamics of growth and safety of animals.

Table 3

Dynamics of clinical and physiological status of kids

Indicators Groups Control group Experimental group Beginning of the experiment Body weight, kg 60 days 11.64±1.16 11.74±1.43 End of the experiment Body weight, kg 120 days 21.32±1.09 24.84±1.13* Average daily gain, kg 0.16±0.008 0.22±0.01** Animal safety, % 95 100

The body weight of kids in the experimental group at the age of 120 days was significantly higher by 3.52 kg compared to the control group data. The average daily gain in the experimental group was higher by 0.06 kg, the survival rate of animals was 100%. The administration of the probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 to kids increased the weight indicators of the animals.

In practice, the method is implemented as follows. Two-month-old kids are given capsules containing the probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 in a dose of 4×10 ⁷ , colloidal silicon dioxide and medical glycerin in a ratio of 10:2:1, one capsule per head, 30 minutes before feeding once a day for 2 months using a bolus dispenser.

The use of the probiotic B. Amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 according to the scheme proposed by the authors allows to increase the adaptation and productive indicators of goats, improve the survival rate of young goats and increase the average daily gain in live weight to 0.06 kg, which is a relevant topic, the solution of which will expand the list of domestic drugs with probiotic action in cattle breeding, in particular in goat breeding.

Sources of information taken into account:

1. O.V. Exterior and constitutional features and conditions of feeding and keeping goats of the Saanen breed type in the Samara region / Semkina O.V., Molyanova G.V. / Innovative achievements of science and technology in the agro-industrial complex: collection of scientific papers. - Kinel: IBC Samara State Agrarian University, 2023. - P. 469-474.

2. Ermakov V.V. Effect of a synbiotic based on BACILLUS SUBTILUS on the growth and development of Holstein-Friesian calves / Ermakov V.V., Nogotkov M.P., Molyanova G.V. // Proceedings of the All-Russian (national) scientific and practical. conf. with international participation "Topical issues of the agro-industrial complex in Russia and abroad". Youth: Publishing House of Irkutsk State Agrarian University, 2021 - pp. 350-353.3.

3. Naumov N. M. The influence of Bacillus subtilis and its metabolites on the metabolism of piglets during the growing period / Naumov N. M., Svazlyan G. A. // Achievements of science and technology of the agro-industrial complex. 2021. Vol. 35. No. 6. Pp. 63-67. DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2021-10611.

4. Feoktistova N.A. Development of a domestic probiotic of predictable action based on Weizmannia coagulans bacteria for productive animals / Feoktistova N.A., Dezhatkina S.V. //. - Ulyanovsk: UlSAU, 2023. - 101 p.

Claims (1)

A method for increasing the adaptation and productivity indicators of goats, characterized by the fact that in addition to the main diet of young goats aged two months, the probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens VKPM B-11475 is introduced in a capsule at a dose of 4×107 CFU/g, colloidal silicon dioxide and medical glycerin in a ratio of 10:2:1 30 minutes before feeding, one capsule per head once a day for two months using a bolus dispenser.