RU2809843C1 - Plant for moistening seeds before sowing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural production.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used during pre-sowing treatment. The installation for moistening seeds before sowing includes a hopper mounted on a frame, with loading and unloading pipes and a combined auger, dampers, a motor, a gearbox, an inclined frame with a variable tilt angle in the range from 0° up to 60° with replaceable perforated surfaces having cylindrical holes with a diameter of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, a bath for collecting liquid and a container for collecting moistened seeds. At the top of the hopper there are nozzles for supplying moisturizing liquid, and above the inclined frame there is a casing for blowing seeds, connected by an air duct to an air blower mounted on the frame.

EFFECT: use of the invention will reduce the stress of seeds after they are moistened and increase the efficiency of moisture removal after their unloading.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to equipment for saturating seeds with moisture before sowing.

The process of moistening the seeds of grain crops before sowing by vernalization is known, which is carried out by soaking them on the floor of the storage facility at the rate of 25-35 liters of water per 100 kg of seeds for several days [Reference book of the director of the state farm. Part one. Under the general editorship. Kalchenko S.V., Martyanova F.M., Perova S.V. Ed. third, revised Gosselkhozizdat. - M., 1956. - 952 p. (p. 529-530. Vernalization of seeds)]. Its disadvantages include the large amount of manual labor and time required to moisten the seeds until they are saturated with moisture, and the need to have a significant floor area on which the seeds are spread for moisture. A moistening machine for pre-treatment of grain is also known [Patent RU 2555142, IPC V02B 1/08, F26B 3/02: “Method of hydrothermal processing of grain and dressing agent for hydrothermal processing of grain.” Application 2014100659/13 01/19/2014. Publ. 07/10/2015. Bull. No. 19. Authors: Ermakov R.B., Blaznov A.N., Maryin V.A.], which contains a bunker with a turner installed in it and a mechanism for driving it into rotation, pipes for loading and unloading grain from the bunker and a pipe for supplying water to it. Its disadvantage is a slight increase in humidity, grain damage up to 1%, as well as a large barothermal effect on it, carried out at a temperature of 120-200 ° C and an excess pressure of up to 0.05-0.15 MPa. A moistening machine for seeds is also known, containing a hopper with nozzles for loading and unloading them, a water supply pipe and a turner with a drive made in the form of a vertically mounted auger with a casing open at the top in the area where the water supply pipe is installed and at the bottom in the area where the seeds are supplied to the auger [ Patent RU No. 2688319, IPC A01C 1/06 (2006.01): Moisturizing machine for seeds. Application 20181123406, 06/27/2018. Publ. 05/21/2019. Bull. No. 1]. Its disadvantage is the uneven mixing of moistened seeds and the cumbersome design. It is known from the state of the art that the best quality of mixing components is ensured when using a combined screw. The technical objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process of mixing moistened seeds, reduce specific energy consumption, eliminate stagnant zones, and reduce the time of unloading material. A mixer is known [Patent RU 2488434], which consists of a hopper mounted on a frame, loading and unloading pipes, a damper, a combined auger, a motor, and a gearbox. The disadvantage of the prototype is the difficulty of using it in the process of moistening the seeds before sowing

The technical objective of the invention is to effectively moisten seeds before sowing, ensuring the respiratory process and separating excess moisture. The required result can be achieved in an installation for moistening seeds due to more uniform mixing of seeds and separation of excess moisture at the unloading stage [RU 2791173], adopted as a prototype.

The stated technical objective of the invention is achieved by the fact that the seeds, suspended in a liquid medium, are evenly mixed with the seeds above the surface of the liquid by a combined auger, and excess moisture is removed when the moistened seeds are unloaded onto an inclined perforated surface.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the appearance of swelling stress when seeds are immersed in water and insufficient removal of surface moisture after unloading the seeds.

The technical objective of the invention is to ensure seed hydration without swelling stress and additional removal of surface moisture after unloading the seeds.

The stated technical problem is implemented in the proposed invention due to the fact that the seeds are moistened by supplying sprayed liquid from nozzles located above the surface of the seeds in the upper part of the hopper, and excess moisture is removed by supplying air to the surface of the seeds after they are unloaded from the hopper.

The installation for moistening seeds before sowing (drawing) consists of a hopper (1) mounted on a frame (2), loading (3) and unloading (4) pipes, a damper (5), a combined auger (6), a motor (7), gearbox (8), inclined frame (9) with a variable tilt angle in the range from 0° to 60°, replaceable perforated surfaces (11) with cylindrical holes with a diameter of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm are installed on the inclined frame, a mechanism is attached to the frame fixing the position of the inclined frame (10), under the inclined frame with a perforated surface there is a bath for collecting liquid (12), at the end of the inclined frame (9) there is a container (13) for collecting seeds moistened before sowing. In the upper part of the hopper there are nozzles (14) for spraying moisturizing liquid onto the surface of the seeds; above the inclined frame there is a casing (15) connected by an air duct (16) to an air blower (17).

The installation for moistening seeds before sowing works as follows: the seeds are poured through the loading pipe into the hopper, after which a moisturizing liquid is supplied from the nozzles to the surface of the seeds, simultaneously with the liquid supply by a combined auger, the seeds are mixed, thereby ensuring their gradual moistening without the appearance of stress due to swelling, thus increasing the efficiency of the seed moistening process. When the required level of moisture is reached, the seeds are fed for unloading through the unloading pipe, falling onto an inclined frame with a perforated surface, the angle of inclination of which is regulated by a mechanism for fixing the position of the inclined frame; the seeds, drawn by gravity, move along the perforated surface, being blown by an air flow during movement and fall into a container for collecting seeds moistened before sowing, excess moisture removed from the seeds as a result of blowing seeps through the holes of the replaceable perforated surface and enters the liquid collection bath.

Claims (1)

Installation for moistening seeds before sowing, including a hopper mounted on a frame, with loading and unloading pipes and a combined auger, dampers, a motor, a gearbox, an inclined frame with a variable tilt angle in the range from 0° to 60° with replaceable perforated surfaces having cylindrical holes with a diameter of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, a bath for collecting liquid and a container for collecting moistened seeds, characterized in that nozzles for supplying moisturizing liquid are installed in the upper part of the hopper, and a casing for blowing seeds is installed above the inclined frame, connected by an air duct to air blower mounted on the frame.