SU1692322A1 - Method and device for presowing treatment of rice seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for pre-sowing treatment of seeds of agricultural crops. The aim of the invention is to increase the sowing quality of seeds. For this, pre-wetting and loading of seeds into a bunker are combined with their sorting in water by specific weight, and their further moistening up to 22-25% is provided with irrigation with water while ventilating with heated air. In the process of penetration, perisdical flap removes respiration products and reduces the temperature of germinating substances with & Cured seeds are preserved by cooling with atmospheric air. The flowability of the seeds that have been thrown away is ensured by drying the flowering flakes with ventilation with heated air. At the same time, the drying of sprouted seeds is produced only by that part, which is located in the discharge zone - outflow from the bunker. To implement this method, a device is proposed, the distinctive feature of which is that the tapered bottom, the diffuser, the outlet nozzle and the damper are made of lattice, and the nori grain is equipped with a reservoir for pre-wetting and sorting seeds by specific mass. 1 il. to

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for presowing treatment of seeds of agricultural crops.

The aim of the invention is to increase the seed quality of seeds.

Example. The pre-treatment of seeds of rice variety Dalris 11 is carried out in the following sequence and parameters of processing modes.

Rice seeds are poured into a container with water and loaded with noria into a bunker. After the hopper is loaded with moistened seeds, the pump is turned on and water is fed from the tank to the ring sprinkler. At the same time turn on the fan and heat up

air The air temperature at the inlet to the inner cylinder is 40 ° C. The water temperature at the start of irrigation is 16 ° C. Seeds are heated to 28 ° C, after which their ventilation is turned off. Re-enable ventilation and heating of the air when the seed temperature drops to 24 ° C. Irrigation and ventilation stop at 25% grain moisture. When the temperature of germinating seeds increases (self-heating) to 28 ° C, they are cooled to 24 ° C with atmospheric air. At the last stage of seed germination, they are treated with a 0.1% solution of crotonolactan. After 80% of the seeds have been deposited, they are cooled by atmospheric air to 16 ° C and nachir

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Harvest and release seeds from the hopper. The drying is carried out at a heat carrier temperature of 48 ° C. The rice crop when sown with dry seeds was 45.1 centners per hectare, with germinated seeds - 49.9 centners per hectare and germinated and treated with BAH — 58.1 centners / hectare.

The drawing shows a device for implementing the method, a common a and e.

The device consists of a mesh active ventilation bunker I, inside of which a perforated cylinder 2 is located. So the movable valve 3 is open to the inner cylinder. The lower part of the inner cylinder is connected to the diffuser 4, the bunker has a tapered bottom 5 with an outlet 5 w valve 7, which are and the diffuser 4 is made of mesh, Nori 8 for supplying seeds is placed in the tank 9 for sorting grain by specific weight. The section of the receiving part of the elevator is increased. Nori is made with buckets (not shown). In the bottoms of koai noria there are additionally drilled holes to remove excess water. For moistening the seeds in the bunker 1 there is a system for supplying and preparing a solution, including a tank 10 for water and preparing a solution of biologically active substances, an annular sprinkler 11, a suction 12 and an injection 13 pipes and a pump 14. The tanks 10 and 9 are equipped with drain plugs 15 and 16, respectively. The heating and air supply system includes an electric air heater 17 and a fan 18.

In addition, the device has a control system including thermometers 19 v 20, control relays and magnetic actuators placed in the control panel 21,

The device works as follows.

Dry seeds are continuously supplied with a water tank 9. On an inclined plane, the moistened seeds are gravitated toward the receiving window of the elevator 8. The seeds are captured by the buckets of the elevator and fed into the hopper 1, which is filled with 4/5 of its volume. In the process of raising the moistened seeds with buckets, excess water is removed through the holes in the buckets. When the container 9 is loaded, the seedy seeds float up and are periodically removed, and then used for animal and poultry feed.

After loading the hopper 1, the pump 14 is turned on and the water from the tank 10 is fed to the sprinkler 11 to irrigate the seeds. At the same time, the fan 18 is turned on and the air is heated. The coolant through the central perforated cylinder 2 is injected into the seed layer and exits through the hopper 1 and its bottom. The temperature of the coolant is maintained at 35-40 ° C. When the seeds are heated to 28-30 ° C, the heating of the air is automatically switched off and re-enabled when the temperature is-.

mn will decrease to 24-25 ° C. Simultaneous irrigation and venting of seeds with heated air accelerates their moistening and the start of germination. This happens due to an increase in the relative humidity of the heat carrier and an excess pressure of water vapor in the seed layer, e also due to the cross-flow of irrigated water and heat carrier flux.

Irrigation and ventilation ceases at a moisture content of s; gm n 22-25%. At the final stage of seed moistening, they are treated and for iB-20 min with an aqueous solution of biologically active substances. A further increase in seed moisture and their germination takes place on the basis of estimates of the surface moisture retained by flowering scales.

In the process of germination, respiration products accumulate in the seed layer and they self-heat. Reducing the temperature of germinating seeds to safe limits and removing respiratory products is carried out by periodic ventilation with atmospheric air. The lower cut-off of valve 3 in the process of moistening and germination of seeds is set below the upper level of seed at the bunker at a distance of 0.7 -0.8 mm (for bunker BV-25).

The seed germination process continues with 70-80% seed removal. For

5 braking the process of germination of seeds is ventilated with atmospheric air and the clock is finally cooled,

During the period of wetting and germination, the zed and the solution of biologically active substances for reuse are drained into the container 10,

To dry the rice flower seed scales, valve 3 is lowered to the lower position and includes a ventilation system. The temperature of the coolant support

5 within 45--43 ° C.

The coolant injected by the fan passes through a thin layer of seeds located on the cone bottom 5. and also through a layer of seeds on the diffuser A. The exhausted heat exchanger escapes through the holes in the cone bottom 5, branch pipe 6,

flap 7 as well as through the annular gap

Between the bottom B and the diffuser 4 and the diffuser mouth and further through the lower part of the hopper 1, after 8-10 minutes of continuous ventilation, open the shutter 7 and begin to release the seeds from the hopper, which are then delivered to the field. Stepe -.t- gyudsugkki colored scales regulate sks / otsO expiration of seeds

from the hopper, changing the cross-section of the outlet opening valve 7.

Drying only that part of the seeds that is in the unloading zone ensures high uniformity of drying and stable release of grain through the nozzle 6 and prevents heating and further germination of the seeds located above the drying zone.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. Method of pre-sowing treatment of rice seeds, including germination when wet and drying with heated coolant, characterized in that, in order to improve the sowing quality of seeds, they are sorted by specific weight in water, germination of seeds is carried out during cross-irrigation water and ventilation is heated to a temperature + 40 ° C with air, after which the seeds are cooled with atmospheric air before drying. 2. A device for presowing treatment of seeds, containing a noria for feeding seeds into a mesh bunker of active ventilation with a conical bottom, the lower end of which is located in the tank, a heating system and air supply through the mesh cylinder located in the bunker, the solution preparation system and its supply to seeds and control system, characterized in that, in order to increase the sowing qualities of seeds and productivity, the lower part of the cylinder is equipped with a diffuser, and the conical bottom - with an exhaust pipe with a damper, while the horse The clear bottom, diffuser, pipe and flap are made of mesh. R R  ////////////////// Ґ //// L /// // ////// J515P Compiled by Z. Sidorova Editor M.KuznetsovaTechred M.Morgental R // 15 Proofreader T.Malets