RU2595014C1 - Grain humidification device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to grain humidification and can be used in flour-and-cereals and compound feed industry. Device for grain humidification includes: housing 1 with a soaking mechanism arranged in its cavity, agitating auger 16, loading bin 7, unloading branch pipes 17 and 25 with locking gates 18 and 24, humectant screw 19 with perforated shaft 32, cyclone 27 and vacuum pump 29. Humectant screw 19 is arranged under unloading branch pipe 17 of agitating auger 16. Suction chamber of vacuum pump 29 is connected via pipeline 28 through vacuum cylinder 30 with the cavity of housing 1. Pressure chamber of vacuum pump 29 is connected via pressure pipeline 33 with hollow perforated shaft 32 from its both sides. Onto pressure pipeline 33 airflow pulsators 36 and 37 are arranged. Perforated shaft 32 is divided by partition 40 into two parts. Humectant screw 19 in the area of partition 40 of perforated shaft 32 is made with smaller pitch than the one on its ending sections.

EFFECT: proposed invention intensifies the process of grain humidification.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for wetting grain of various crops and is intended for use in the milling and cereal and animal feed industry.

A device for intensive moistening of grain is known, comprising a tubular body mounted at an angle to the horizontal, connected to the inlet and outlet pipes, as well as to a water-spraying device, a rotor located in the housing and connected to the drive. The rotor is made in the form of a spring with a cantilever end with the ability to move, mix and evenly distribute moisture over each grain by compressing the grain during mixing (RU 2235593 C2, 09/10/2002).

However, this device has several disadvantages: the inability to provide deep penetration of moisture into the grain, since only the surface layers of the grain are moistened, because air is not removed from the capillaries at atmospheric pressure.

The closest in technical essence is a device for moistening grain, comprising a housing with a wetting mechanism located in its cavity, a mixing screw located under the discharge neck of the housing, a loading hopper and discharge nozzles with lock gates, an impregnation screw with a perforated shaft, located under the discharge nozzle a mixing screw, a cyclone, a vacuum pump connected by a suction cavity to the housing, and a discharge pump with a perforated shaft of the impregnation screw (RU 2471557, 01/10/2013).

The disadvantage of this device is that it has low productivity and insufficient quality of moistening, due to the fact that when the wetted material passes through the impregnation screw, the process of moisture penetration to the center of the grain slows down due to residues in the air capillaries. To increase productivity and quality, it is necessary to increase the length of the impregnation screw, which entails an increase in drive power and the overall dimensions of the device.

The problem solved by the present invention is to improve the quality of humidification with small dimensions of the device and its power consumption.

The present problem is solved in that a device for moistening grain containing a housing with a wetting mechanism located in its cavity, a screw mixer, a loading hopper and discharge nozzles with lock gates, a moisture screw with a perforated shaft, located under the discharge nozzle of the mixing screw, a cyclone, a vacuum pump connected by a suction cavity through a vacuum cylinder with a pipe to the body cavity, and a discharge pump with a hollow perforated shaft of the screw-moisture pickup, additionally contains air pulsers ear flow, placed on the discharge pipe, while the discharge pipe is connected to the hollow perforated shaft on both sides of it, the perforated shaft is divided into two parts by the internal baffle, and the moisture pickup screw, above the perforated shaft baffle, is made with a section of coils of a smaller winding pitch compared to with a step of turns of its end sections.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a device for wetting grain.

The device consists of a housing 1, in which a wetting mechanism is placed, consisting of a vertical shaft 2, at the lower end of which a grain-spreading disk 3 and nozzle 4 are fixed. An electric motor 5 is installed on the upper end of the shaft 2. A grain hopper 7 is placed in the upper part of the housing 1 having a lock gate 8. The grain exit from the loading nozzle 6 is closed by a valve 9 with the possibility of rotation together with the axis 10, on which there is a link 11, connected by a rod 12 with a needle valve 13 installed in the feed pipe 14 in ode, which is controlled by the flow meter 15. In the lower part of the housing, under the nozzle, there is a screw mixer 16, on the outlet pipe 17 of which a lock gate 18 is installed, which communicates with the screw-pickup 19. The drive of the screw-mixer 16 and the screw-pickup 19 is carried out from the electric motor 20 through a reducer 21 and chain transmissions 22 and 23. At the outlet of the screw-moisture pickup 19, a sluice gate 24 with an unloading nozzle 25 is also installed. There is also an outlet duct 26 connected to the cyclone 27. The internal cavity of the housing 1 is the grain pressing machine is airtight, communicates with the cavity of the mixer screw 16 and is connected by a pipe 28 to the suction cavity of the vacuum pump 29 through the vacuum cylinder 30 and the vacuum regulator 31. The internal cavity of the screw-moisture collector 19 is also hermetically isolated from atmospheric pressure and communicates through the perforated the shaft 32 by a pipe 33 with a discharge cavity of the vacuum pump 29, forming a discharge line for supplying heated air to it. In this line, air overpressure regulators 34 and 38 are installed with manometers 35 and 39, as well as airflow pulsators 36 and 37. The pulsators 36 and 37 are connected by pipelines to the different ends of the perforated shaft 32 of the moisture pickup screw. The perforated shaft 32 is divided into two parts by the internal partition 40. A portion of the turns 41 of the screw-moisture pickup 19 above the baffle 40 of the perforated shaft has a smaller winding step than its end sections.

The device operates as follows. Before humidification, the grain is loaded into the hopper 7 of the humidifier. Next, the grain is fed into the housing 1 of the humidifier from the hopper 7 through the lock gate 8. The grain is evacuated along the way to the grain-spreading disk 3 and enters the mixer 16. The vacuum of the grain is due to the cavity of the mixer 16 and the housing 1 communicate with each other, and the latter through a pipe 28 with a suction cavity of the vacuum pump 29. At the same time, under the influence of the grain flow from the lock gate 8, the shutter 9 rotates and acts on the link 11, which lifts the yoke through the rod 12 valve 13, opening the water supply through line 14 to the atomizer. The amount of water supplied is controlled by the readings of the flow meter 15 and is set in interrelation with the amount of grain supplied to the humidification. The flow of grain is moistened with sprayed water and enters the screw mixer 16. During mixing, part of the liquid is absorbed into the shell of the grain, violating the equilibrium state of moisture in it and changing the energy level of the entire biological system of grain, which is also facilitated by its preliminary evacuation. Further, the grain after its processing in the screw mixer 16 is supplied with a lock gate 18 to the area of its subsequent processing under excess air pressure, which is located in the screw-moisture pickup 19. In the screw-moisture pickup 19, the grain goes through two stages of processing. In the first half, it falls under the influence of air passing through the pulsator 37, and in the second - through the pulsator 36. The air pulses passing through the pulsator 37 allow to complete the process of grain impregnation with moisture, and the air pulses passing through the pulsator 36 remove excess moisture with grain, protruding onto its surface as a result of the compression process that occurred during the passage of the section of turns of the screw 41 with a smaller winding pitch. Prevention of mixing of two pulsating flows in the screw-drier occurs due to the presence of a partition 40 in the perforated shaft, and the formation of a grain plug in the shaft section with a smaller winding pitch. The operating modes of each of the pulsators are individually selected and regulated by overpressure regulators 34 and 38, the pressure is controlled by pressure gauges 35 and 39. The grain passing through the screw-moisture pickup is discharged by the sluice gate 24 and is supplied for smoothing, and the used air containing exfoliated amniotic shells of grain, discharged into cyclone 27, where it is purified. The use of pulsating air flows in a device for moistening grain significantly intensifies the process and allows you to save the same dimensions of the device as in the prototype.

Claims (1)

A device for moisturizing grain, comprising a housing with a wetting mechanism located in its cavity, a screw mixer, a loading hopper and discharge pipes with lock gates, a moisture screw with a perforated shaft, located under the discharge pipe of the mixing screw, a cyclone, a vacuum pump connected by a suction cavity through a vacuum cylinder by a pipeline with a body cavity, and a discharge one with a hollow perforated shaft of the screw of the pickup, characterized in that it additionally contains air pulsers drainage pipes located on the discharge pipe, the discharge pipe being connected to the hollow perforated shaft on both sides thereof, the perforated shaft is divided into two parts by the internal partition, and the moisture pickup screw above the perforated shaft partition is made with a section of coils of a smaller winding step compared to the coil step their end sections.

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