RU2844783C1 - Method of feeding pigs on fattening - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and can be used for fattening pigs growing. Pigs feeding method is characterized by the fact that from 105th to 180th day pigs in the fattening period are added to the ration in addition to the standard feedstuff in amount of 1 kg of an organic microelement complex per 1 ton of the feedstuff. Organic trace element complex contains compounds of iron Fe, manganese Mn, zinc Zn, copper Cu and cobalt Co with asparaginic acid, compound of iodine I with aspartic acid, diacetophenonylselenide, calcium iodate and filler in form of limestone in certain proportions, g.

EFFECT: invention usage will allow to enhance pig meat productivity and quality.

1 cl, 7 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the agricultural sector and can be used in raising fattening pigs.

The feed additive "OMEK-7M" produced by OA "Biomid" is known and is used for farm animals and poultry. Previously conducted tests of the development of a method for feeding pigs showed the potential for increasing their productivity [1].

However, the results remain generalized, not taking into account specific parameters for the population of different age and sex groups of pigs. In addition, the effect of the additive on the nutritional value of meat as a raw material for food production was not assessed.

The main drawback of the study is the lack of precise data on the maximum profitable dosage of the additive per head of animal, as well as insufficient optimization of the ratio and quantitative selection of microelements. This limits the possibility of achieving maximum efficiency of using the additive in the diet, which requires further research to clarify the recommended dosages and combinations of components.

The objective of the invention is to develop a method for feeding fattening pigs using an organic microelement complex aimed at improving the productivity and quality of meat, namely improving the functional, technological and quality indicators of meat raw materials, increasing the nutritional value of meat by feeding fattening pigs an organic microelement complex in the amount of 1 kg per 1 ton of compound feed, instead of inorganic microelements.

The organic microelement complex contains aspartates of copper, iron, cobalt, zinc, manganese, diacetophenonyl selenide, calcium iodate and limestone filler.

The objective of this study is to develop an optimized method of feeding fattening pigs using an organic microelement complex to improve the nutritional value and quality of meat. As part of the work, a detailed selection of the effective composition and dosage of organic microelements specially adapted for fattening pigs was carried out. The proposed method is aimed at achieving high-quality meat with improved functional and technological properties. The study emphasizes the need for fine-tuning the diet to improve overall feeding efficiency.

An increase in the quality indicators of meat is achieved, compared to the traditional use of "OMEK-7M" due to the optimized composition of microelements.

The implementation of the proposed method ensures not only increased productivity, but also improved meat quality, which has a positive effect on production profitability.

The organic microelement complex based on asparaginates for feeding pigs is based on obtaining chelated forms of metals based on L-aspartic acid. In this case, L-aspartic acid is obtained from domestically produced fumaric acid by the biotransformation method, and the process of chelating microelements was carried out in the most effective ratios for feeding animals. The organic microelement complex does not contain genetically modified products. The content of harmful impurities in it does not exceed the maximum permissible levels. The organic microelement complex is compatible with all feed ingredients, other feed additives and drugs, has good distribution by weight of the compound feed, is universal for broiler chickens of any age, and is non-toxic. Organic (complex) compounds of microelements included in the organic microelement complex have higher bioavailability compared to their inorganic compounds. They are more easily assimilated and included in the metabolic processes of the animal's body, which allows for a reduction in the level of microelements introduced into pig diets.

The novelty of the proposed method is that for the first time in the conditions of the Central Black Earth Region of Russia, the effect of introducing an organic microelement complex into the diet of fattening pigs on the quality and nutritional value of meat has been studied and recommendations have been developed for its use in diets under industrial technology conditions. The organic microelement complex is used together with feed as part of microelement mineral supplements instead of inorganic microelements. The organic microelement complex is introduced into feed (premixes or compound feed) at compound feed and premix plants, in feed shops of farms, using existing mixing technologies at the rate of 1 kg per ton of compound feed.

A research experiment was conducted to study the effectiveness of the influence of organic microelements in the form of an organic microelement complex on the live weight gain of fattening piglets.

The experiment was conducted in the Belgorod region according to zootechnical rules and standard methods of scientific research under the guidance of specialists from the Belgorod State Agrarian University.

Two groups of experimental piglets aged 105 days were formed - the first control (1127 heads), the second experimental (1141 heads). The groups were formed on the principle of analogues.

During the experiment, the feed SK-6 adopted at the farm was used as the main feed for piglets in both the control and experimental groups. The duration of the experiment was 75 days.

For all animals, the conditions of maintenance, watering and feeding regimes remained the same, the difference was in the mineral composition of the feed. Throughout the experiment (from 105 to 180 days), the piglets of the first group (control) were fed with standard compound feed SK-6, obtained on the farm. The second experimental group also used the same compound feed SK-6 in the same quantity, but the mineral substances in it were replaced by an organic microelement complex at the rate of 1 kg of organic microelement complex per 1 ton of compound feed, containing metal compounds with aspartic acid, diacetophenonyl selenide, calcium iodate and limestone filler in 1 kg:

OMEK-Fe, g - 48.458

OMEK-Mn, g - 19.643

OMEK-Zn, g - 84.417

OMEK-Cu, g - 8.663

OMEK-So, g - 0.462

OMEK-I, mg - 4.0

Calcium iodate, g - 1.61

DAFS-25, g - 1.2

Filler _CaCO3 , g - up to 1.00 kg

The results of the study of the chemical composition of pork are presented in Tables 1 and 2.

The data in tables 1 and 2 show the positive effect of the organic microelement complex in pig feeding on the chemical composition of meat, namely an increase in the level of total and protein nitrogen, the mass fraction of ash, protein, tryptophan, oxyproline, but at the same time a decrease in the mass fraction of fat.

The effect of the organic microelement complex on the accumulation of microelements in pig muscles and bones is presented in Tables 3 and 4.

The data in tables 3 and 4 demonstrate a significant difference in the microelement composition of muscle tissue and bone in pork from the experimental groups.

The presence of bioavailable organic microelements in meat raw materials in greater quantities allows us to judge the positive effect of the organic mineral complex based on asparaginates on the nutritional value of meat raw materials.

The results of the study of functional and technological properties are presented in Tables 5 and 6.

Based on the data in Tables 5 and 6, we observe that during storage, the pH of all samples decreases, which is associated with acidification of the environment due to the development of autolytic processes, but the data in the experimental group at the end of storage are 0.12 units lower, which has a positive effect on the process of pork maturation during storage. Higher indicators of water-binding capacity will contribute to better storage of pork in the experimental group for 5 days. A low WBC indicator at the beginning of storage indicates the onset of the rigor mortis process, but at the end of storage it increases and to a greater extent in the experimental pork samples, which can be further confirmed by the virtual absence of meat juice at all stages of storage.

The functional and technological indicators of pork during storage are reflected in Table 7.

The data in Table 7 show that during the storage period of the experimental pork samples, softening of the muscle tissue occurred throughout the entire storage period, but in the experimental group it occurred faster, which is confirmed by the greater tenderness of the samples and the correctness of the meat maturation process.

Based on the tests conducted on the claimed invention, the following conclusion can be drawn:

- a positive effect of organic microelements in pig feeding on its quality indicators has been established, both at the initial stage of storage and at the end;

- a positive effect of the microelement organic complex on the biological value of the experimental pork samples was revealed. They also contained the smallest amount of collagen, which indicates its more delicate structure;

- a reliable difference in the microelement composition in the muscle tissue and bone of the pork of the experimental group has been proven. The presence of bioavailable organic microelements in meat raw materials in greater quantities allows us to judge the positive effect of the organic mineral complex based on asparaginates on the nutritional value of meat raw materials;

- it was found that during storage the pH of all samples decreases, which is associated with acidification of the environment due to the development of autolytic processes, however, the data in the experimental group at the end of storage are 0.12 units lower, which has a positive effect on the process of pork maturation during storage. Higher indicators of water-binding capacity will contribute to better storage of pork in the experimental group for 5 days. A low WBC indicator at the beginning of storage indicates the onset of the rigor mortis process, however, at the end of storage it increases and to a greater extent in the experimental pork samples, which can be further confirmed by the virtual absence of meat juice at all stages of storage;

- it has been proven that during the storage period of experimental pork samples, softening of muscle tissue occurred throughout the entire storage period, but in the experimental group it was faster, which is confirmed by the greater tenderness of the samples and the correctness of the meat maturation process.

Sources of information

1. Use of domestically produced organic microelements "OMEK-7M" in fattening pig diets / Koshchaev A.G., Pokhodnya G.S., Shevchenko N.P., Shevchenko A.I., Breslavets Yu.P., Pavlichenko T.S., Perevozchikov N.V. // Proceedings of the Kuban State Agrarian University. 2022. No. 97. P. 190-196 https://proceedings.kubsau.ru/issue/2022/97/190-196

Claims (2)

A method of feeding fattening pigs, characterized by the fact that from the 105th to the 180th day, fattening pigs are introduced into the diet of standard compound feed at the rate of 1 kg of an organic microelement complex per 1 ton of compound feed, containing compounds of the metals iron Fe, manganese Mn, zinc Zn, copper Cu and cobalt Co with aspartic acid, a compound of iodine I with aspartic acid, diacetophenonyl selenide, calcium iodate and a filler in the form of limestone in the following ratio of components, g: compound of Fe with aspartic acid 48,458 compound of Mn with aspartic acid 19,643 Zn compound with aspartic acid 84,417 compound of Cu with aspartic acid 8,663 compound of Co with aspartic acid 0.462 compound I with aspartic acid 0.004 calcium iodate 1.61 diacetophenonyl selenide 1,2 filler limestone the rest