RU2703944C2 - Apparatus for granulating dehydrated non-food animal slaughtering wastes in ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic field - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to microwave equipment and can be used in production of granulated protein product from dehydrated non-food wastes of animal origin. Plant comprises toroidal resonator 1 of non-ferromagnetic material. Resonator 1 is made in the form of coaxially located two cylinders 2, 3. Lower base of outer cylinder is rotating matrix 5 of non-ferromagnetic material with multiple holes. Bottom base of inner cylinder is non-ferromagnetic grid 11. Dimensions of annular space between cylinders and clearance between grid 11 and rotating matrix 5 are matched with wave length, wherein gap between them is smaller than radius of grate 11. Dielectric pressure rollers 6 with finned surface arranged on axis 7 are installed in the gap, above rotating matrix. There is a screw for adjustment of rollers pressing to the matrix. Outer cylinder top surface is closed by annular surface. In the inner cylinder there is pressure auger 10, rotating knife 9 pressed tightly to grate 11, forming a grinding device containing a loading chute. Stationary knife 12 for cutting granules and container with hole for granules unloading is installed under rotating from the motor-reducer matrix, having cone-shaped holes.

EFFECT: invention usage allows to produce high-quality protein product.

1 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to microwave equipment and can be used in the production of granular protein product, for example from dehydrated non-food waste of animal origin.

It is known that non-food waste from slaughter and gutting rabbits in farms is simply disposed of. These are blood, intestines, lungs, kidneys, spleen, genitals, etc. They do not process them on farms, due to the fact that using available technologies and technical means, it is difficult to achieve the complete destruction of pathogenic microflora. We propose to granulate slaughterhouse waste in the process of exposure to an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency, pre-dehydrating them or adding grain waste to them.

Known household granulators of the GKM brand containing a matrix and movable rollers in the working chamber [1] (see analogue). They are intended for the processing of grain waste, food waste, meal, cake in granular feed. Moreover, many specialists are striving to improve the quality indicators of granules, i.e. preserve the vitamin composition, improve microbiological indicators and the digestibility of granules, which cannot be fully achieved.

Quasistationary resonators are known for which there is a pronounced spatial separation of the electric and magnetic fields, which allows us to consider such resonators as a combination of lumped capacitance and inductance [2]. For example, in a toroidal resonator used as a klystron oscillatory system, the electric field energy is concentrated in a small gap between the cavity walls. This gap can be considered as a flat capacitor. Based on this principle, the configuration of our proposed toroidal resonator is built while maintaining a sufficiently large volume and its own Q factor.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that

The apparatus for granulating dehydrated non-food wastes of slaughter of animals in an ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic field contains a toroidal resonator made of non-ferromagnetic material, made in the form of coaxially arranged two cylinders, the lower bases of which are a rotating matrix for the outer cylinder and a grating for the inner cylinder,

the dimensions of the annular space and the gap between the grating and the rotating matrix are consistent with the wavelength, and the gap is less than the radius of the grating,

moreover, in the gap, above the rotating matrix, dielectric pinch rollers with a ribbed surface are installed, located on the axis containing the screw adjust the pressure,

while the upper base of the outer cylinder is closed by an annular surface, and in the inner cylinder there is a discharge screw, a rotating knife pressed close to the grate, forming a grinding device containing a loading tray,

moreover, under the matrix rotating from the gear motor having conical holes, a stationary knife and a container with a hole are installed.

In FIG. 1 shows a spatial image of the installation for granulation of dehydrated non-food waste of slaughter of animals in an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency in the context: 1 - toroidal resonator in the form of coaxially located outer 2 and inner 3 cylinders; 4 - microwave generators; 5 - a rotating matrix of non-ferromagnetic material with many conical holes of a certain diameter; 6 - clamping dielectric rollers with a ribbed surface mounted on axis 7; 8 - shaft from the gear motor; 9 - a rotating knife and a discharge screw 10 of the grinder "Top"; 11 - non-ferromagnetic grating; 12 - stationary knife for cutting granules.

In FIG. 2 shows a spatial image of a toroidal resonator with dielectric rollers (in the context): 1 - a toroidal resonator in the form of coaxially located outer 2 and inner 3 cylinders; 5 - a rotating matrix of non-ferromagnetic material with many conical holes of a certain diameter; 11 - non-ferromagnetic grating.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows a spatial image of a toroidal resonator with dielectric rollers between a grating and a rotating matrix with holes (in a section).

In FIG. 4 shows a spatial image of the outer cylinder.

In FIG. 5 is a spatial view of pinch dielectric rollers with a ribbed surface mounted on an axis.

In FIG. 6 shows a spatial image of a discharge screw with a rotating knife.

In FIG. 7 shows a spatial image of a non-ferromagnetic lattice.

In FIG. 8 shows a spatial image of a stationary knife for cutting granules.

In FIG. 9 shows a spatial image of the discharge housing.

Installation (Fig. 1) for granulating dehydrated non-food wastes of slaughter of animals in an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency contains:

- toroidal resonator 1, presented as coaxially located outer 2 and inner 3 cylinders mounted vertically.

- microwave generators 4 with magnetrons located on the generatrix of the torus 1;

- a rotating matrix 5 of non-ferromagnetic material with a certain diameter of the holes;

- clamping dielectric rollers 6 with a ribbed surface mounted on axis 7;

- gear motor (shaft 8 shown);

- a rotating knife 9 and the injection screw 10 of the chopper "Volchek" containing a receiving tray for raw materials;

- non-ferromagnetic grating 11;

- stationary knife 12 for cutting granules.

The working chamber of the installation is presented in the form of a toroidal resonator 1 with a rectangular cross section of the torus. The toroidal resonator 1 is made of coaxially located non-ferromagnetic cylinders 2,3 having different heights. Cylinders 2, 3 are arranged vertically. The lower base of the inner cylinder 3 with a lower height is the non-ferromagnetic grating 10 from the grinder "Top". The function of the lower base of the outer cylinder 2 is performed by a matrix 5 of a non-ferromagnetic material rotating from a gear motor with a plurality of cone-shaped openings. In the space between the non-ferromagnetic grating 11 and the rotating non-ferromagnetic matrix 5, there are clamped dielectric rollers 6 with a ribbed surface. They 6 are pressed against the rotating matrix 5 due to a special screw that allows you to adjust the location of the dielectric axis of the rollers. The upper base of the outer cylinder 2 is closed by an annular surface. In the inner cylinder 3 there is a discharge screw 10, a rotating knife 9 "Top", and a non-ferromagnetic grating is the base. Volchek has a tray for receiving raw materials. Microwave generators 4 introduce energy into the resonator from the toroidal part, i.e. magnetrons and waveguides are located on the generatrix of the outer non-ferromagnetic cylinder 2. Under the rotating matrix 5 there is a knife 12 located stationary for cutting granules that are removed outside the installation through the opening of the discharge casing. The rotation of the matrix 5 is carried out using a gear motor (6 - the shaft is shown), mounted on the mounting frame. The shaft is supported in rolling bearings. Under the rotating non-ferromagnetic matrix 5 there is an unloading housing with an opening.

The diameter of the non-ferromagnetic rotating matrix 5 (disk) should correspond to the diameter of the outer non-ferromagnetic cylinder 2. The gap between the outer cylinder 2 and the matrix 5 rotating from the gear motor is minimal. There are several removable dies (disks made of non-ferromagnetic material) with a certain hole diameter for different types of raw materials. The holes are conical in shape so that the raw materials are denser compressed. The thickness of the non-ferromagnetic matrix is at least 2 cm.

For the effective operation of the toroidal resonator 1, the gap between the non-ferromagnetic matrix 5 and the non-ferromagnetic grating 11 must be less than the radius of the inner cylinder 3. All dimensions of the toroidal resonator 1 are consistent with the wavelength. At the same time, it is not practical to use volume resonators, the dimensions of which are many large in comparison with the wavelength, because of the excitation of a large number of oscillations in them. Therefore, a resonator is designed whose maximum dimensions do not exceed 3-5 wavelengths.

The technological process of heat treatment and granulation of raw materials is as follows. Turn on the gear motor for rotation of the non-ferromagnetic matrix 5. Turn on the electric drive "Top", on the receiving tray which serves pre-prepared raw materials, humidity 16 ... 18%. Microwave generators 4 are turned on. 4. The raw materials are mixed, crushed and squeezed through a non-ferromagnetic grating 11 into the space between the non-ferromagnetic grating 11 and the rotating matrix 5 (condenser part of the toroidal resonator) using an injection screw 10 and a rotating knife 9. Here, the crushed raw materials are exposed to an electric field of ultrahigh frequency, endogenously heated, i.e. there is a thermal treatment of raw materials and, consequently, disinfection of the product. When the non-ferromagnetic matrix 5 rotates, dielectric rollers 6 with a ribbed surface located on axis 7 pressed to it also begin to rotate. Using dielectric pinch rollers 6 with a ribbed surface, the heated raw material is pressed through the cone-shaped holes in the matrix 5. The compressed mass passing through the matrix holes is heated additionally, takes the form of a long cylinder , and is cut into small granules with a stationary knife 12. Finished granules are poured into the container through the hole in the discharge tank.

In the case of mixing slaughterhouse waste with cereal waste, starch turns into sugar during the heat treatment, and this increases the feed value of the product.

The source of information

1. yandex.ru/images ›, feed granulators.

2. Strekalov, A.V. Electromagnetic fields and waves / A.V. Strekalov, Yu.A. Strekalov - M .: RIOR: INFRA-M, 2014 .-- S. 369, Fig. 16.15.

Claims (1)

Installation for granulating dehydrated non-food wastes of slaughter of animals in an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency, characterized in that it contains a toroidal resonator made of non-ferromagnetic material, made in the form of two coaxially arranged cylinders, the lower bases of which are a rotating matrix for the outer cylinder and a grating for the inner cylinder, the dimensions of the annular space and the gap between the lattice and the rotating matrix are consistent with the wavelength and the gap is less than the radius lattice, in addition, in the gap, above the rotating matrix, dielectric pinch rollers with a ribbed surface are installed, located on an axis containing a pressure adjustment screw, the upper base of the outer cylinder is closed by an annular surface, and an injection screw and a rotating knife are mounted in the inner cylinder to the grate with the formation of a grinding device having a loading tray, and a hospital is installed under the matrix rotating from the gear motor having cone-shaped openings first knife for cutting the granules and a container opening.

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