RU2784437C1 - Method for grinding and mixing succulent and grain feed and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used in the preparation of animal feed. The method for grinding and mixing succulent and grain feeds includes grinding both types of feed and separately transporting them by air flows to the finished product bunker, mixing, mixing the crushed feed is carried out by combining air flows at the point of reducing the speed of the air flow carried by the succulent feed. A device for grinding and mixing succulent and grain feed includes a frame and a grain feed crusher placed on it, a succulent feed grinder, pneumatic conveying nozzles for crushed material, a finished product bin and loading hoppers, a drive, the drive is selected in the form of a worm gearbox with two power take-off shafts, a shaft power take-off, having the lowest speed, is connected to the shaft of the working body of the succulent feed grinder, and the power take-off shaft of the gearbox, having a high speed, is connected to the shaft of the grain feed crusher, while the pneumatic channels of the finished product are made vertical, the channel for the output of crushed succulent feed in the lower part is made a larger cross-sectional area than at the outlet of the grinder, and the output channel of the crushed grain feed is connected to the output channel of the crushed succulent feed at the point of its largest cross section.

EFFECT: implementation of high-quality mixing of crushed vegetable raw materials and crushed grain without additional energy costs.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the preparation of mixtures of crushed grain and succulent feed and can be used in livestock production.

A known method of mixing crushed grain and succulent feed described in the operation of the device (RU 2091002, 27.08.1997). The disadvantage of this device is that it allows grinding succulent and roughage only separately.

The closest in its technological essence is a method including the supply of a mixture of crushed grain feed into the crushed feed due to gravity forces (RU 2275005, 27.04.2006).

However, this method can only be applied when mixing crushed grain with dry roughage. Both mixed materials have almost the same moisture content and high flowability, which makes it easy to mix them by simply feeding one into the other.

A device for preparing a mixture of succulent feed and crushed grain is known, including a grain crusher, a succulent feed grinder, a finished product hopper and hoppers, a drive (RU 2091002, 27.08.1997). Its disadvantage is the impossibility of preparing a joint feed mixture from crushed grain material and succulent feed.

The closest in its technical essence is a device for grinding and mixing succulent and concentrated feed, including a feed grinder, feed channels for crushed material, a finished product hopper and hoppers, a drive (RU 2275005, 04/27/2006).

The disadvantage of this device is that it provides for the mixing of only the concentrated already crushed feed with the roughage crushed by it, and it is impossible to grind the grain material.

The problem solved by the present invention is the preparation of a feed mixture from crushed grain and crushed succulent plant material.

The technical essence of the present invention lies in the fact that high-quality mixing of crushed vegetable raw materials and crushed grain is carried out without additional energy costs.

The present problem is solved by the fact that in the method of grinding and mixing succulent and grain feed, including grinding both types of feed and separate transportation of them by air flows to the finished product bunker, mixing, mixing of the crushed feed is carried out by combining air flows at the point of reducing the speed of the air flow, tolerated succulent feed.

The present problem is solved by the fact that in a device for grinding and mixing succulent and grain feed, including a frame and a grain feed crusher placed on it, a succulent feed grinder, pneumatic conveying nozzles of the crushed material, a finished product hopper and loading hoppers, a drive, the drive is selected in the form of a worm of a gearbox with two power take-off shafts, the power take-off shaft, which has the lowest speed, is connected to the shaft of the working body of the succulent feed grinder, and the power take-off shaft of the gearbox, which has a high speed, is connected to the shaft of the grain feed crusher, while the pneumatic channels of the finished product are made vertical, the channel the output of crushed succulent feed in the lower part is made with a larger cross-sectional area than at the outlet of the grinder, and the output channel of crushed grain feed is connected to the output channel of crushed succulent feed at the point of its largest cross section. The shaft of the working body of the succulent feed chopper is made with the possibility of changing its length.

Figure 1 is a diagram of a device for grinding and mixing succulent and grain feed (front view).

Figure 2 is a diagram of a device for grinding and mixing succulent and grain feed (front view).

Figure 3 - diagram of the shaft of the working body grinder succulent feed.

Figure 4 - scheme of protection against falling into the cutting zone of solid objects.

Figure 5 - diagram of the disk with the attachment of the blades of the green fodder chopper.

Figure 6 is a section of the chopper knife disk along A-A.

The universal feed grinder consists of an electric motor 1, which is mounted on a worm gearbox 2 by a flange mount, the worm gearbox 2 has two power take-off shafts, a power take-off shaft 3 of a grain crusher 4 and a power take-off shaft 5 of a grinder 6 of succulent feed. A grinder (not shown in the diagram) of grain feed is installed on the shaft 3 of the power take-off of the crusher, it is rigidly mounted on the shaft of the electric motor 1 and has the same speed as the electric motor, a hopper 7 with a shutter 8 is installed on the grinder of the grain feed. succulent feed chopper has a speed reduction of 7.5: 1, a succulent feed chopper 6 is installed on it, a loading hopper 9 is installed on the body of the succulent feed chopper. the pneumatic channel 11 of crushed succulent feed has a mixing zone represented by its largest cross section 12. A pneumatic channel 10 for supplying crushed grain feed is connected to the pneumatic channel 11 in the zone of the largest cross section 12. The shaft 5 of the power take-off of the chopper 6 of succulent feed has a scale 13, the hub 14 of the disk 15 of the chopper of succulent feed is attached to it using a spline connection (not shown in Fig.), which makes it possible to adjust the degree of grinding of succulent feed by unscrewing the special. nuts 16 and its tightening of the lock nut 17 and tightening of the screw 18. The shaft 5 of the power take-off of the chopper of the gearbox 2 is fastened with a keyed connection (not shown in the figure).

A safety mechanism is installed in the hub 14 to prevent solid objects from entering the cutting zone, it consists of a spring 19, a ratchet clutch 20 and bearings 21. The chopper disk 15 is attached to the hub 14 with bolts 22. The device has a finished product bin 23. On the chopper disk 15 succulent fodder, knives 24 with swirlers 25 are installed, creating an air flow in the pneumatic channel 11. All equipment of the chopper-mixer is placed on the frame 26.

The principle of operation of the universal grinder is as follows. The grain feed to be ground is loaded into the receiving bin 7 with the metering gate 4 closed, the electric motor 1 starts, the succulent feed is loaded into the receiving bin 9, the gate 4 opens, and the process of grinding the components begins.

When grinding grain feed, a powerful air flow is created and, through the pneumatic channel 10, the crushed grain feed is blown into the air flow of the crushed succulent feed created by the swirlers 25, which has lost speed and density in the mixing zone represented by the largest cross section 12 of the pneumatic channel 11. They mix with it and stick to it and enter the finished product bin 23. The uniformity of mixing of the components is achieved by a powerful air flow created by the grain feed grinder, as well as by different speeds of grain and succulent feed grinders.

Adjusting the length of the shaft of the working body of the succulent feed chopper, and therefore the degree of their grinding, is carried out using the grinding scale 13 applied to the shaft 5, by unscrewing (twisting) the special. nuts 16 and unscrewing (tightening) the screw 18, with the position fixed by the lock nut 17. In this case, the hub 14 moves relative to the counter plate (not shown in the figure), the chopper knives have a variable reach.

The proposed device allows to increase the level of efficiency of the feed used due to the fact that the mixing of grain feed with succulent feed gives a positive result in terms of the efficiency of their assimilation. In the event that solid objects fall under the succulent fodder chopper knife, the ratchet clutch 20 is activated, located on the hub 14, to which the chopper disk 15 is attached with the help of bolts 22.

Claims (3)

1. A method for grinding and mixing succulent and grain feed, including grinding both types of feed and separately transporting them by air flows to the finished product bunker, mixing, characterized in that the mixing of crushed feed is carried out by combining air flows at the point of reducing the speed of the air flow carried juicy food. 2. A device for grinding and mixing succulent and grain feed, including a frame and placed on it a grain feed crusher, a succulent feed grinder, pneumatic conveying nozzles of crushed material, a finished product bin and loading bins, a drive, characterized in that the drive is selected in the form of a worm gear with two power take-off shafts, the power take-off shaft, which has the lowest speed, is connected to the shaft of the working body of the succulent feed chopper, and the power take-off shaft of the gearbox, which has a high speed, is connected to the shaft of the grain feed crusher, while the pneumatic channels of the finished product are made vertical, the output channel crushed succulent feed in the lower part is made with a larger cross-sectional area than at the outlet of the grinder, and the output channel of the crushed grain feed is connected to the output channel of the crushed succulent feed at the point of its largest cross section. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the shaft of the working body of the succulent feed grinder is made with the possibility of changing its length.

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