RU2774094C1 - Method for prevention of bovine leptospirosis - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular to veterinary pharmacology. A method for the prevention of bovine leptospirosis includes preparatory therapy, in which an aqueous solution of silver containing 0.8 mg of silver ions per 100 ml of water in an amount of 19-20 cm³ per animal is simultaneously administered to the animal for 10 days, a combined vitamin complex “Eleovit” is administered intramuscularly once at a dose of 5-6 cm³ per animal and a water-alcohol tincture is given for 14 days, containing 2 parts of the herb echinacea purpurea, 1 part of common St. John’s wort: leaves and flowers (0.5 part each), 0.5 parts of nettle leaves and 0.5 parts of lemon balm: leaves and apical shoots (0.25 part each), obtained on the basis of 70% ethyl alcohol at a ratio of 1:5 and an aqueous solution of silver added in an amount of 200 ml, that is 0.8 mg of silver ions per 100 ml. Then, a hyperimmune serum against leptospirosis is injected subcutaneously once at a dose of 0.5 cm³ per 1 kg of animal weight. Then, after 20-22 days, the animals are vaccinated with Bovi-Shield Gold FP5 intramuscularly into the neck area at a dose of 2 cm³ twice with an interval of 21 days. After 12 months, revaccination is carried out once in a volume of 2 cm³ using the above-mentioned preparatory therapy.

EFFECT: invention provides an increase in the effectiveness of prevention of bovine leptospirosis.

1 cl, 1 ex, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular veterinary pharmacology.

Prevention of bacterial infections is known based on immunostimulating plant substances contained, for example, in echinacea (Bauer R., Wagner H. Echinacea species as potential immunostimulator drugs. In: Wagner H., Farnsworth N. R. (eds.), economic and Medicinal Plant Research. Vol. 5 New York: Academic Press, 1991, pp. 253-351).

A known method for the prevention of leptospirosis in animals (RF patent No. 2261703, class A61K 33/38, 2005), including the introduction of parenteral drugs: separately 0.3% formalin solution at a dose of 5 ml with an interval of 12 hours for 4 days or in combination with the immunostimulant ASD-2 at a dose of 0.5 ml with an interval of 12 hours for 3 days.

The closest method to the claimed invention in terms of the combination of features is a method for increasing the immunobiological reactivity and reproductive function in animals (RF patent No. 2 parts of Echinacea purpurea herb prepared on the basis of 70% ethyl alcohol at a ratio of 1:5 and an aqueous solution of silver added in an amount of not more than 200 ml, which is not more than 0.8 mg of silver ions per 100 ml, followed by aging in for 14-15 days at a temperature of 36-37°C, diluting the resulting mixture to 30% with distilled water and feeding the animal at a dose of 0.10-0.12 ml per 1 kg of animal weight, diluted with 130-150 ml of boiled water.

The disadvantage of this method is the lack of effectiveness of the prevention of immunity in cattle.

The technical result is to increase the effectiveness of the prevention of leptospirosis in cattle.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a method for the prevention of leptospirosis in cattle, including the use of an immunostimulating drug in the form of a mixture of water-alcohol tincture of 2 parts of the herb Echinacea purpurea prepared on the basis of 70% ethyl alcohol at a ratio of 1:5 and an aqueous solution of silver, added in an amount of 200 ml, which is 0.8 mg of silver ions per 100 ml, followed by keeping for 14-15 days at a temperature of 36-37 ° C, diluting the resulting mixture to 30% with distilled water and feeding the animal at a dose of 0, 10-0.12 ml per 1 kg of animal weight, diluted with 130-150 ml of boiled water, according to the invention in farms disadvantaged by leptospirosis, preliminarily, before vaccination, a preparatory therapy is carried out, in which simultaneously for 10 days the animal is fed an aqueous solution of silver, containing 0.8 mg of silver ions per 100 ml of water in the amount of 19-20 cm ³ per animal; the combined vitamin complex "Eleovit" is administered intramuscularly at a dose of 5-6 cm ³ per animal and a water-alcohol tincture is drunk for 14 days, to which 1 part of St. John's wort is added - leaves and flowers, 0.5 parts, 0, 5 parts of stinging nettle leaves and 0.5 parts of lemon balm - leaves and apical shoots, 0.25 parts each, then hyperimmune serum against leptospirosis is injected subcutaneously once at a dose of 0.5 cm ³ per 1 kg of animal weight, then after 20-22 days the animals vaccinated with Bovishield Gold FP5 intramuscularly in the neck at a dose of 2 cm ³ twice with an interval of 21 days and after 12 months once in a volume of 2 cm ³ revaccination is carried out using the above preparatory therapy.

The novelty of the proposed proposal is due to the fact that for specific prevention of leptospirosis, cattle are given preparatory therapy before vaccination to prevent the occurrence of infections of various kinds and post-vaccination complications, using the scheme of application of the following drugs: an aqueous solution of silver, a water-alcohol tincture of herbs, a combined vitamin Eleovit complex and hyperimmune serum against leptospirosis.

The features that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype are aimed at achieving a technical result and have not been identified in the study of patent and scientific and technical literature in this and related fields of science and technology and, therefore, meet the criterion of "inventive step".

The method of specific prevention of leptospirosis in cattle is as follows.

In farms disadvantaged by leptospirosis; preliminarily, before vaccination, a preparatory therapy is carried out, in which at the same time for 10 days the animal is fed an aqueous solution of silver containing 0.8 mg of silver ions per 100 ml of water in an amount of 19-20 cm ³ , per animal, as an aqueous solution of silver is used "Argerit-40", the manufacturer of which is LLC "Enterprise "Kubanagrotok", developed TU 9154-001-10073810-2002, "Concentrate of hydrated silver chemically pure". "Argerite-40" has a wide spectrum of action, in appearance it is a colorless and odorless liquid with a sour taste, has a high microbicidal activity of the substance at a concentration of silver ions from 0.001 mg / l, which is significantly lower than the permissible sanitary standard (0.01 g /l), against cultures of Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus 209-P, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes. The stable microbicidal properties of silver ions are enhanced by its acidic reaction.

The combined vitamin complex "Eleovit" is injected intramuscularly at a dose of 5-6 cm ³ per animal, which is used for the prevention and treatment of hypo- and avitaminosis, xerophthalmia, rickets, osteomalacia, tetany, encephalomalacia, toxic liver dystrophy, dermatitis, poorly healing wounds and ulcers, catarrhal inflammations, mucous membranes in mammals, as well as to increase their fertility and the viability of young animals. The multivitamins included in Eleovit have a synergistic effect. Vitamin A regulates the function and regeneration of epithelial tissues, thereby increasing the protective function of the animal organism. Vitamin D is involved in the exchange of calcium and phosphorus, has an anti-rachitic effect. Vitamin E, being a strong antioxidant, regulates redox processes, enhances the action of vitamins A and D. B vitamins play an important role in normalizing metabolism, regulating nervous processes (https://areal-bio.com/catalog/eleovit_100_ml/) .

Animals are simultaneously fed water-alcohol herbal tincture for 14 days, for which a collection prepared from 2 parts of Echinacea purpurea, 1 part of St. John's wort - leaves and flowers of 0.5 parts, 0.5 parts of nettle leaves and 0.5 parts of melissa - leaves and apical shoots, 0.25 parts each, are mixed with 70 vol.% rectified ethyl alcohol in a ratio of 1:5, i.e. 1 part of the collection (100 g) was taken, 5 parts of 70 vol.% ethyl alcohol (500 ml) were added, and 200 ml of an aqueous silver solution was added, which is 0.8 mg of Argerit-40 silver ions per 100 ml of water. Then they were placed in a dark glass dish, tightly closed and placed in a thermostat at a temperature of 36-37°C for 14 days, periodically mixed, filtered through a paper filter, after squeezing the raw material well. The resulting tincture was brought to 30% concentration with distilled water, after which it was mixed, infused for a day for better diffusion and fed to the animal at a dose of 0.10-0.12 ml per 1 kg of its weight, diluted with 130-150 ml of boiled water. The water-alcohol herbal tincture has the working name of the phytopreparation "Kargmez".

The biologically active substances that make up this tincture normalize nonspecific resistance factors, the activity of immunocompetent cells, stimulate metabolic processes, due to the properties that make up the collection of herbs:

- purple echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) in its composition contains the substance echinacin, hydroxycinnamic acids (1.0-1.15%), which stimulate the body to produce its own interferon - an important protein that blocks the division of RNA and DNA-containing viruses. Stimulates the activity of T- and B-cells, which are an important mediator in the body's immune system. Stimulates the adrenal cortex, increasing metabolic processes, while not causing its depletion. It also has antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties;

- St. John's wort - Hypericum perforatum L., St. John's wort family - Hyperiecaceae, contains tannins (12-13%), flavonoids: hyperoside (0.6-0.7%), rutin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin; essential oil (0.1-1.2%), azulene, anthocyanins (5-6%), carotene (50-55 mg%), hypericin, PP, choline, ascorbic acid (135-140 mg%), alcohols, traces of alkaloids. St. John's wort has immunomodulatory, tonic, increases the function of the sex glands, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, vasodilating, antispasmodic, hypertensive, cardiotonic, diuretic, hemostatic, bronchodilator, analgesic, astringent, reparative, tonic, choleretic action;

- stinging nettle - Urtica dioica, nettle family - Urticaceae, leaves contain tannins (2%) and proteins, formic acid, urticin glycoside, vitamin K, ascorbic acid (0.6%), pantothenic acid, carotenoids (50 mg %), sitosterol, histamine, violaxanthin, iron salts and wax. Stinging nettle has anti-inflammatory, antihypoxic, cardiotonic, diuretic, hemostatic, analgesic, reparative, diaphoretic, carminative, appetite-increasing, tonic, choleretic and desensitizing effects;

- lemon balm - Melissa officinalis Z, Lamiaceae family, leaves and apical shoots of lemon balm during flowering contain essential oils (0.33%) - citral, citronellal, geraniol, linalool, caffeic acid and its esters: rosemary, chlorogenic acid; flavonoids - cynaroside, luteolin; carotene (7 mg/%), ascorbic acid (150 mg/%). Melissa has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, hypotensive, antihypoxant, sedative, bronchodilator, analgesic, reparative, diaphoretic, carminative, appetite increasing.

Then hyperimmune serum against leptospirosis is injected subcutaneously, once at a dose of 0.5 cm ³ per 1 kg of animal weight, before its use, the vials with serum were thoroughly shaken and heated in a water bath to a temperature of 37-38°C, observing the rules of asepsis and antisepsis. The mechanism of action of serum is based on the binding and neutralization of pathogenic antigens by specific antibodies of the biological product. The serum contains specific antibodies to leptospira of six serogroups: Pomona, Tarassovi, Hebdomonadis, Influenza, Icterohemorrhagia and Canicola.

Then, after 20-22 days, after the introduction of hyperimmune serum, animals are vaccinated with Bovishield Gold FP5 intramuscularly in the neck at a dose of 2 cm ³ twice with an interval of 21 days and after 12 months, once in a volume of 2 cm ³ , revaccination is carried out using the above preparatory therapy.

The vaccine "Bovishield Gold FP5" contributes to the formation of an immune response in cattle to pathogens: leptospirosis serogroups: Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Hardjo, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona, infectious rhinotracheitis, type 1 viral diarrhea, type 2 viral diarrhea, parainfluenza-3, respiratory - syncytial infection, three weeks after a double vaccination, lasting at least 12 months.

One inoculation dose of the vaccine contains inactivated leptospira serogroups: Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Hardjo, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona. In addition, there are attenuated strains of pathogens: infectious rhinotracheitis (strain C-13) - ≥10 ^4.4 TCD ₅₀ , type 1 viral diarrhea (NADL strain) - ≥10 ^3.9 TCD ₅₀ , type 2 viral diarrhea (strain 53637) - ≥10 ^4.4 TCD ₅₀ , parainfluenza-3 (strain Reisinger) - ≥10 ^4.6 TCD ₅₀ , respiratory syncytial infection (strain BRSV / 375) - ≥10 ^4.1 TCD ₅₀ .

The use of a comprehensive system of prevention, including preparatory therapy, protects the body from the occurrence of bacterial infections, in particular leptospirosis and viral respiratory diseases.

An example of a specific implementation of the proposed method

To prove the effectiveness of the proposed specific prevention of leptospirosis, a scientific and economic experiment was carried out. Two groups of animals were formed, 15 heads each: the first - the control (intact), the second - the experimental group.

Blood was taken from the tail vein into serological and hematological monovets in compliance with the rules of asepsis and antisepsis. To do this, the experimental group of animals was injected daily for 10 days with Argerite-40 (containing 0.8 mg of silver ions per 100 ml of water) in the amount of 19-20 cm ³ per animal, while "Eleovit" (combined vitamin complex ) at a dose of 5-6 cm ³ per animal, a water-alcohol herbal tincture was used, which has the working name of the phytopreparation "Kargmez", for 14 days at a dose of 0.15 cm ³ 1 kg of the animal, diluted with 130-145 cm ³ boiled water, and hyperimmune serum against leptospirosis was injected subcutaneously once at a dose of 0.5 cm ³ per 1 kg of animal weight.

After 20-22 days, after preparatory therapy, the animals were vaccinated with "Bovishield Gold FP5" intramuscularly in the neck area at a dose of 2 cm ³ (1 dose) twice with an interval of 21 days. Revaccination is carried out after 12 months once in a volume of 2 cm ² using the above preparatory therapy.

The use of preparatory therapy, including the use of drugs: Argerit-40, Eleovit and the phytopreparation "Kargmaz" ensured the formation of non-specific resistance of the animal organism and preparation for immunization, the use of hyperimmune serum and the Bovis-shield Gold FP5 vaccine contributed to the formation of specific immunity while maintaining high antibodies. When staging the microagglutination reaction (PMA), an antibody titer of 1:1600-1:3200, 1:800-1:400 was established for a long time. However, then the antibody titer decreases to 1:100 and 1:50. Bovi-shield Gold FP5 protects animals for 12 months from the occurrence of leptospirosis disease of serogroups: Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Hardjo, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona, as well as pathogens of viral respiratory infections, such as infectious rhinotracheitis, viral diarrhea type 1 and 2 parainfluenza-3 respiratory- syncytial infection. After 12 months, it is necessary to revaccinate animals using the above preparatory therapy.

The results of the study of the prevention process in cattle are shown in Table 1.

After the preparatory therapy, it was found that the animals had an increase in the number of erythrocytes in the experimental group (leptospirosis) by 24%, hemoglobin levels - by 14% and, on the contrary, a decrease in the number of leukocytes by 33%, relative to control (intact) animals. The number of basophils decreased by 37%, eosinophils - by 73% (4 times), and, on the contrary, there was an increase in segmented neutrophils by 60% (1.6 times), relative to the control group (table 1).

Thus, taking into account the results of the study, it can be argued that the effectiveness of specific prevention of leptospirosis in cattle is increased due to an increase in the immunobiological reactivity of the animal's body.

Claims (1)

A method for the prevention of leptospirosis in cattle, including the use of an immunostimulating drug in the form of a mixture of water-alcohol tincture of 2 parts of the herb Echinacea purpurea, prepared on the basis of 70% ethyl alcohol at a ratio of 1:5 and an aqueous solution of silver added in an amount of 200 ml, which is 0.8 mg of silver ions per 100 ml, followed by keeping for 14-15 days at a temperature of 36-37 ° C, diluting the resulting mixture to 30% with distilled water and feeding the animal at a dose of 0.10-0.12 ml per 1 kg of animal weight, diluted with 130-150 ml of boiled water, characterized in that in farms disadvantaged by leptospirosis; preliminarily, before vaccination, preparatory therapy is carried out, in which simultaneously for 10 days the animal is fed an aqueous solution of silver containing 0.8 mg of silver ions per 100 ml of water in the amount of 19-20 cm ³ per animal; intramuscularly, a combined vitamin complex "Eleovit" is administered at a dose of 5-6 cm ³ per animal and a water-alcohol tincture is drunk for 14 days, to which 1 part of St. John's wort is added - leaves and flowers, 0.5 parts, 0, 5 parts of stinging nettle leaves and 0.5 parts of lemon balm - leaves and apical shoots, 0.25 parts each, then hyperimmune serum against leptospirosis is injected subcutaneously once at a dose of 0.5 cm ³ per 1 kg of animal weight, then after 20-22 days the animals vaccinated with Bovishield Gold FP5 intramuscularly in the neck at a dose of 2 cm ³ twice with an interval of 21 days and after 12 months once in a volume of 2 cm ³ revaccination is carried out using the above preparatory therapy.