RU2748185C1 - Suspended rail butt welding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: suspended equipment.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to suspended equipment for butt welding of rails. On the stationary body of the welding machine, there are two transformers and two upsetting hydraulic cylinders, the rods of which are located to provide impact on the movable body. In the movable and fixed bodies, there are two power levers with hydraulic cylinders for clamping and two electrode levers with electrodes, which have current leads and are made self-aligning along the rail neck. An alignment mechanism is installed between the power and electrode levers, containing axles, a slider, guides and levers connected to the power levers. The electrode arms are connected to each other by means of axes and are equipped with hydraulic cylinders of the electrodes installed with the possibility of pressing the electrodes to the neck of the rail to be welded with a predetermined force. The electrodes are independently controllable and electrically isolated from the electrode axes and electrode arms. A movable plate with a burr removal knife is installed with the possibility of plane-parallel movement along the rail due to the shafts of the synchronization mechanism.EFFECT: invention provides stable adhesion of the electrodes to the rail neck, the ability to control the flow of electric current in the welded joint and independent control of the pressing of the electrodes.1 cl, 13 dwg

Description

List of documents cited in the search report: No. 959948, B23K 11/04; No. 2321478 dated April 10, 2008; No. 2381882 dated 20.02.2010

The invention relates to equipment for butt welding of rails and can be used for welding rail joints on the way.

Known welding machines that ensure the alignment of the welded ends of the rails, their welding and cutting off the burr in the hot state.

These machines are taken for analogues. See the book "Equipment for contact welding of rails and its operation" / Edited by Doctor of Technical Sciences Kuchuk-Yatsenko SI, Kiev, 1974, p. 75, Fig. 40 K355 machine. Description of the invention to A.S. No. 959948, В23К 11/04 "Installation for butt-butt welding of rails."

The machines consist of two housings, which are made electrically isolated from each other, made in the form of pincer clamps with a lever system and two vertically standing hydraulic cylinders of the clamp, two transformers installed inside the box-type housings, a central axis on which the movable body is installed and inside which it is mounted electrohydraulic tracking system, two guides passing through both housings, which are simultaneously current leads, of two draft hydraulic cylinders.

The disadvantage of these machines is:

- their low maintainability and the possibility of self-destruction of a machine when clamping, for example, a rail with only one body; in addition, the lever system of these machines does not provide a stable clamping force of the rails when the electrodes are worn or the thickness of the rail neck fluctuates.

This drawback does not allow achieving the technical result of the invention, which consists in ensuring trouble-free operation and stable clamping force.

Known machine suspended for butt welding of rails MCP-80.01, see RF patent for invention No. 2321478, publ. Bul. No. 10 from 10.04.08, application No. 2006122100/02 (024000) from 19.06.06.

The machine contains a fixed body and a movable body mounted on two guides. Each housing contains power and electrode levers with their own lever systems. Power levers with clamping cylinders clamp the rails. Electrode levers with an electrode rigidly fixed in the lower 2 part perform the alignment of the welded ends of the rails and the supply of current to the necks of the rails.

The disadvantages of this machine are:

- a complex deburring device that does not provide uniform deburring;

- unstable electrical contact between the electrodes and the rail neck due to the rigid attachment of the electrodes to the electrode arm;

These disadvantages do not allow achieving the technical result of the invention, which consists in obtaining a better quality welded joint and uniform deburring with minimal reinforcement.

Known machine suspended for butt welding of rails MSR-120.01 U1, see RF patent for invention No. 2381882, publ. Bul. No. 5 of 20.02.2010, application No. 2008114806/02 of 15.04.2008

This machine is taken as the closest analogue - the prototype.

This machine contains a stationary body and a movable body mounted on two guides, which are electrically isolated from each other, two transformers and upsetting hydraulic cylinders placed on the stationary body, the rods of which are located to provide an impact on the movable body, power levers with clamping cylinders, electrode levers with electrodes with current leads fixed at the lower ends.

In each case, between the power and electrode levers, an alignment mechanism is installed, the levers of which are connected to the power levers. A shock absorber is installed in each electrode lever, in its upper end, with the possibility of interaction through the stop with each power lever. The electrodes are made with the possibility of turning in two planes, self-aligning along the rail neck and thereby providing reliable electrical contact. The levers of the alignment mechanism are connected to a slider installed in the guides installed on each housing. The deburring knife is installed in the lever with the provision of movement along the arc.

The disadvantages of this machine are:

- electrodes not electrically isolated from other parts of the machine, which does not allow to control the current flowing in the joint;

- a plate with a burr cutting knife is installed on the axis and moves along an arc, which does not ensure uniform burr cutting;

- the levers of the electrodes are connected to the power levers, which does not allow the electrodes to be controlled independently; 3 pressing the electrodes to the rail neck by shock absorbers does not ensure the guaranteed adhesion of the electrodes to the rail neck;

These disadvantages do not allow achieving the technical result created by the proposed invention.

The challenge is as follows:

- improving the quality of welding;

- increasing the reliability of the machine;

The technical result is as follows:

- ensuring uniform deburring with minimal reinforcement;

- providing a given force on the electrodes;

- the possibility of independent regulation of the electrodes;

- improving the adhesion of the electrodes to the rail neck;

- the ability to control the current flowing in the joint;

The proposed invention has the following set of essential features that have a causal relationship with the technical result.

Distinguishing features from the prototype, creating the specified technical result, are as follows.

The electrodes are made electrically isolated from the electrode axes and, accordingly, the electrode arms, which makes it possible to control the current flowing in the joint.

A movable plate with a deburring knife has the possibility of plane-parallel movement along the rail due to the installed synchronization mechanism shafts, providing uniform deburring with minimal reinforcement.

Electrode arms press the electrodes against the rail journal with hydraulic cylinders, ensuring that the electrodes are securely adhered to the rail journal.

The definition of the prototype, as the closest analogue, made it possible to identify a set of essential characteristics in relation to the technical result in the claimed device, which are set forth in the claims. Consequently, the claimed invention meets the criterion of "novelty" under the current legislation.

The search results show that the claimed invention does not follow explicitly for a specialist from the prior art, since no transformations prescribed by this invention, characterized by essential features distinguishing from the prototype, to achieve 4 technical result have been identified. Therefore, the claimed solution meets the requirement of "level of invention".

List of drawings

Figure 1 is a front view of the machine.

Figure 2 is a car, left side view.

Figure 3 is a section of the machine along A-A, a view of the power levers.

Figure 4 is a section along B-B, a view of the electrode levers.

Figure 5 is a section along B-B with a view of the alignment mechanism in the fixed body.

Figure 6 is a view of G.

Figure 7 is a section along D-D with a view of the alignment mechanism in the movable body.

FIG. 8 - view E, car, bottom view.

FIG. 9 - view F, car, right side.

FIG. 10 - section K-K with a view of the movable plate of the deburring knife.

FIG. 11 - section L-L with a view of the fastening of the movable plate of the deburring knife to the rod of the hydraulic cylinder of the deburring device.

FIG. 12 - section MM with a view of the attachment of the movable plate of the burr knife to the rod of the hydraulic cylinder of the deburring device and the vertical shafts of the synchronization mechanism with the levers of the horizontal shaft of the synchronization mechanism.

FIG. 13 - view H, attachment of the electrode to the electrode levers.

Positions on the figures indicate: movable body - 1; fixed body - 2; guides - 3; transformers - 4; sediment hydraulic cylinders - 5; slump hydraulic cylinder rods - 6; electrodes - 8, 9 (figure 4); current leads - 10, 11; axes - 12, 13 electrodes; screws - 14, 15 electrodes; welded rail - 16; electrode levers - 17, 18; the axis of the electrode levers - 19, 20; power levers - 21, 22; the axes of the power levers - 23, 24 (figure 3); strips - 25, 26; balls - 27, 28; springs - 29.30; clamping cylinders - 31, 32; axles - 33, 34; rod - 35, stop - 36; rail stop - 37.

The alignment mechanism includes levers - 38, 39; axles - 40, 41; slider - 42; guide - 43.

Hydraulic cylinders of electrodes are also installed - 44, 45; stops - 46, 47, axis of electrode levers - 48, 49; insulating bushings - 50, 51; insulating washers - 52, 53 (Fig. 13); deburring cylinders - 54; the rods of the hydraulic cylinders of the deburrer - 55 (Fig. 9); movable burr knife plate - 56; horizontal shaft of the synchronization mechanism - 57; vertical shafts of the synchronization mechanism - 58; levers of the horizontal shaft of the synchronization mechanism - 59; levers 5 of the vertical shaft of the synchronization mechanism - 60; burr removal knife - 61 (Fig. 8, Fig. 10, 11, 12).

The machine consists of a stationary body 2 and a movable body 1 installed on two guides 3. Two transformers 4, two upsetting hydraulic cylinders 5 are installed on the stationary body, the rods 6 of which act on the movable body 1.

In the movable and stationary bodies are installed two power levers 21, 22 (Fig. 3) and two electrode levers 17, 18 (Fig. 4). Levers 21, 22 are mounted on axles 23, 24 and are connected to clamping cylinders 31, 32 mounted on axles 33 having rods 35. A stop 36 is installed on axle 34. The upper ends of power levers 21, 22 are connected through axles 33, 34 with hydraulic cylinders clamp 31, 32, and at the lower ends are fixed strips 33, 34 with balls 35, 36, compressed by springs 37, 38.

The electrode levers 17, 18 (Fig. 4) are installed in the movable body 1 and the fixed body 2 with the possibility of rotation on the axes 19, 20. At the upper ends of the electrode levers 17, 18 stops 46, 47 are installed. The electrode levers 17, 18 are connected to each other by a plow by means of axes 48, 49 by hydraulic cylinders of electrodes 44, 45.

This achieves a technical result that is absent in the prototype, which consists in the possibility of independent regulation of the electrodes.

At the lower ends of the levers 17, 18 on the axes 12, 13 electrodes 8, 9 are installed with the possibility of free rotation in two planes and self-alignment along the rail neck. Screws 14, 15 provide support for the electrodes. In this case, the axes 12, 13 are isolated together with the electrode levers 17, 18 from the electrodes 8, 9 by means of insulating bushings 50, 51 and insulating washers 52, 53.

This achieves a technical result that is absent in the prototype, which consists in improving the adhesion of the electrodes to the rail neck and the ability to control the current flowing in the joint.

The electrodes are connected to flexible current leads 10.

In each housing 1, 2, an alignment mechanism is installed between the power and electrode levers, the levers 49, 50 of which are connected by the axes 51, 52 to the power levers 29, 30.

A burr removal mechanism is installed in the movable housing 1, which consists of hydraulic cylinders of the burr 54, which are connected through the rods 55 to the movable deburring plate 56 in which the burr removal knife 61 is installed. The plate 56 is connected to the movable body through the horizontal shaft of the burr removal mechanism 57 and the vertical shafts of the removal mechanism burr 58 using the levers of the horizontal shaft 6 of the deburring mechanism 59 and the levers of the vertical shafts of the deburring mechanism 60;

The machine works as follows.

The machine is installed by a manipulator (not shown) on the ends of the rails to be welded. The operator starts the machine into operation. The hydraulic cylinder of the clamp 32 of the stationary body 2 is triggered. The rod 35, interacting with the stop 36, turns the power levers on the axes 23, 24. The rail 16 is clamped by the strips 25, 26 and the rail is pulled to the stops 37 of the stationary body.

The alignment of the rails to be welded in the vertical plane is carried out by balls 27, 28 with springs 29, 30 in strips 25, 26 installed in the power levers.

The upper ends of the power levers 21, 22, connected to the levers 38, 39 through the axes 40, 41 of the alignment mechanism, move together with the slider 42, ensuring always the same position of the rail in the horizontal plane along the machine axis. The strips 25, 26 of the power levers continue their synchronous movement, clamping the rails, centering their ends.

After clamping the power levers 21, 22, the hydraulic cylinders of the electrodes 44, 45 begin to move and through the axes 48, 49 the electrode levers 17, 18 press the electrodes 8, 9 to the rail 16 to be welded with a predetermined force.

This achieves a technical result that is absent in the prototype, which consists in ensuring that a given force on the electrodes is obtained.

Electrodes 8, 9 are self-aligning along the rail, turning on axes 12, 13.

After the mechanisms of the stationary body have oriented and clamped one end of the rail, operations are performed in the same sequence to orient and clamp the other end of the rail by the movable body.

Thus, both ends of the rails to be welded are aligned and oriented along the central axis of the machine, and the electrodes are installed on the rail with the required force and geometry, regardless of the power levers of the machine.

Then turn on the welding transformers. Pressure is supplied to the upsetting hydraulic cylinders, the movable body brings the ends of the rails closer together. The rails are being welded. Immediately after the end of the welding process, the burr is removed in a hot state: the rods 55 of the hydraulic cylinder of the deburrer 54 move the movable plate of the deburger 56 rigidly connected to them together with the deburring knife 61 in a plane-parallel direction along the rail, by means of levers 59 and 60 through the axes 57, 58. 7. This a technical result is achieved, which is absent in the prototype, which consists in ensuring uniform deburring with minimal reinforcement.

In the movable body, the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is retracted, then the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 32 is retracted, unclamping the levers 21, 22, releasing the rail 16, the hydraulic cylinders of the electrodes 44, 45 are unclenched and the electrodes 8, 9 are removed from the rail through the electrode levers 17, 18.

Thus, the foregoing information testifies to the possibility of using the invention in the form as it is described in the claims by means of the known and proposed means described above in the application. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "industrially applicable under applicable law". The proposed invention developed design and technological documentation for the machine MCP-120.02 U1.

Claims (2)

1. Suspended machine for butt welding of rails, containing a stationary body and a movable body mounted on two guides, two transformers and two upsetting hydraulic cylinders placed on the stationary body, the rods of which are located to provide impact on the movable body, while in the mobile and stationary bodies are located along two power levers with clamping hydraulic cylinders and two electrode levers each with electrodes with current leads fixed at their lower ends, and the electrodes are made self-aligning along the rail neck, and in the movable and stationary bodies between the power and electrode levers there is an alignment mechanism containing axles, a slide, guides and levers connected to power levers, characterized in that the electrode levers are connected to each other by means of axes and are equipped with hydraulic cylinders of electrodes installed with the possibility of pressing the electrodes to the neck of the rail to be welded with a predetermined force, while the electrodes are made with the possibility It is independently controlled and electrically isolated from the electrode axes and electrode arms. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a burr removal mechanism and a synchronization mechanism mounted in a movable housing, and the burr removal mechanism comprises a movable deburring plate with a burr removal knife installed with the possibility of its plane-parallel movement along the rail by means of horizontal levers shaft and levers of vertical shafts of the synchronization mechanism.

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