RU2813052C1 - Overhead equipment for butt welding of rails - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: overhead equipment for butt welding of rails.

SUBSTANCE: movable body is mounted on two guides. On the fixed body there are two transformers and two hydraulic cylinders for settling, the rods of which are located to ensure impact on the movable body. In the movable and fixed bodies, two power levers with clamping hydraulic cylinders and two electrode levers are mounted, at the lower ends of which electrodes with current leads are fixed using axes. The ends of the electrode axes are made in shape of a truncated sphere. Each electrode axis is fixed in the electrode lever using a split plate, a cover and locking elements and is installed with the mentioned end of the axis resting on the insulating gasket of the cover. The electrode is mounted on the axis through a spherical split insulating bearing with the formation of a gap between the truncated sphere of the axis and the mentioned bearing, ensuring rotation of the axis during clamping of the electrode levers.

EFFECT: overhead equipment for butt welding of rails is proposed.

1 cl, 14 dwg

Description

List of documents cited in the search report: No. 2748185 dated July 15, 2020, No. 2381882 dated February 20, 2010.

The invention relates to equipment for butt welding of rails and can be used for welding rail joints along the way.

There are known welding machines that ensure the alignment of the welded ends of the rails, their welding and cutting off the flash in a hot state.

These machines are taken as analogues.

A suspended machine for butt welding of rails MSR-120.02 U1 is known, see RF patent for invention No. 2748185, publ. Bulletin No. 14 of May 20, 2021, application No. 2020123497 of July 15, 2020.

This machine consists of a fixed body and a movable body mounted on two guides. Two transformers and two hydraulic cylinders are installed on the fixed body, the rods of which act on the movable body.

Two power levers and two electrode levers are installed in the movable and fixed housings. The levers are mounted on axles and connected to clamping hydraulic cylinders mounted on axles having rods. A stop is installed on the axis. The upper ends of the power levers are connected through axles to the clamping hydraulic cylinders, and at the lower ends there are bars with balls, pressed by springs.

Electrode levers are installed in movable and fixed housings with the ability to rotate on axes. Stops are installed at the upper ends of the electrode levers. The electrode levers are connected to each other through axes by hydraulic cylinders of the electrodes.

At the lower ends of the levers, electrodes are installed on the axles with the possibility of free rotation in two planes and self-installation along the rail neck. Screws provide support for the electrodes. In this case, the axes are isolated together with the electrode levers from the electrodes using insulating bushings and insulating washers.

The electrodes are connected to flexible current leads.

In each housing, between the power and electrode levers, a matching mechanism is installed, the levers of which are connected by axes to the power levers.

A deburring mechanism is installed in the movable body, consisting of deburring hydraulic cylinders, which are connected through rods to a movable deburring plate in which a deburring knife is installed. The plate is connected to the movable body through the horizontal shaft of the deburring mechanism and the vertical shafts of the deburring mechanism using the lever of the horizontal shaft of the deburring mechanism and the levers of the vertical shafts of the deburring mechanism.

The disadvantages of this machine are:

- the inability to rotate the electrodes 8, 9, both around the axes 12, 13, and the inability to roll the electrodes 8, 9 in the horizontal and vertical planes due to the rigid fastening of the electrodes 8, 9 to the axes 12, 13 with screws 14, 15. the consequence is the inability of the electrodes 8, 9 to self-align on the surface of the rail neck 16;

- frequent failures of insulators and gaskets 50,51,52,53, as well as bending and destruction of screws 14, 15, due to loads on the electrodes from electrode levers 17, 18, which try to turn and correctly install the electrodes along the neck of the rail 16, but the rigid design of fastening the electrodes does not allow this, and also as a consequence of the destruction of the insulators, during welding of the rails an electrical “breakdown” occurs - a short circuit from the electrodes 8, 9 through the axles 12, 13 to the electrode levers 17, 18 and then to the machine in general, which is confirmed by the operation of the suspended machine for butt welding of rails MSR-120.01A;

- displacement of axes 12, 13 down together with electrodes 8, 9 from electrode levers 17, 18 and disruption of the entire kinematic scheme of the machine due to the fact that locking of axes 12, 13 is not provided, since the design of the machine does not have stoppers on the axes 12, 13 there is no groove for the stopper.

A suspended machine for butt welding of rails MSR-120.01 U1 is known, see RF patent for invention No. 2381882, publ. Bulletin No. 5 dated February 20, 2010, application No. 2008114806/02 dated April 15, 2008.

This machine is taken as the closest analogue - a prototype.

This machine contains a fixed body and a movable body mounted on two guides, which are electrically insulated from each other, two transformers and settling hydraulic cylinders placed on the fixed body, the rods of which are located to act on the movable body, power levers with clamping hydraulic cylinders, electrode levers with electrodes with current leads fixed at the lower ends.

In each housing, between the power and electrode levers, a matching mechanism is installed, the levers of which are connected to the power levers. A shock absorber is installed in each electrode lever, at its upper end, with the ability to interact through a stop with each power lever. The electrodes are made self-aligning along the rail neck. The alignment mechanism arms are connected to a slider mounted in guides mounted on each housing. The deburring knife is installed in the lever to ensure movement in an arc.

The disadvantages of this machine are:

- the inability to rotate the electrodes 8, 9, both around the axes 12, 13, and the inability to roll the electrodes 8, 9 in the horizontal and vertical planes due to the rigid fastening of the electrodes 8, 9 to the axes 12, 13 with screws 14, 15. the consequence is the inability of the electrodes 8, 9 to self-align on the surface of the rail neck 16;

- constant destruction of screws 14, 15, due to loads on the electrodes from electrode levers 17, 18, which try to turn and correctly install the electrodes along the neck of the rail 16, but the rigid design of fastening the electrodes does not allow this, which is confirmed by the operation of the machine suspended for butt welding of rails MSR-120.01A;

- displacement of axes 12, 13 down together with electrodes 8, 9 from electrode levers 17, 18 and disruption of the entire kinematic scheme of the machine due to the fact that locking of axes 12, 13 is not provided, since the design of the machine does not have stoppers on the axes 12, 13 there is no groove for the stopper.

These shortcomings do not allow achieving the technical result created by the proposed invention.

The task is this:

- improving the quality of welding rails by machine;

- increasing the durability of the machine;

- increasing the reliability of the machine;

The technical result is as follows:

- ensuring the possibility of free rotation of the electrode around its axis and the possibility of its rolling in horizontal and vertical planes;

- ensuring reliable electrical insulation of electrodes from the axes;

- ease of maintenance and replacement of electrodes, axes and insulating bearings;

- preventing the axes from moving downward along with the electrodes from the electrode levers;

The proposed invention has the following set of essential features that have a cause-and-effect relationship with the technical result.

The distinctive features from the prototype that create the specified technical result are the following:

the axes of the electrodes are made with a spherical truncated tip on which the electrode is installed through spherical insulating bearings, and the axes of the electrodes in the electrode levers are installed using locking elements.

The definition of the prototype as the closest analogue made it possible to identify a set of features in the claimed device that are essential in relation to the technical result, which are set out in the claims. Consequently, the claimed invention meets the criterion of “novelty” under current legislation.

The search results show that the claimed invention does not follow clearly from the prior art for a specialist, since no transformations prescribed by this invention, characterized by essential features different from the prototype, to achieve a technical result have been identified. Therefore, the claimed solution meets the “level of invention” requirement.

List of drawings

In fig. 1 - frontal view of the machine.

In fig. 2 - section along A-A, view of the electrode part of the fixed body.

In fig. 3 - section along B-B, view of the electrode part of the movable body.

In fig. 4 - section along B-B, view of the covers for fastening the axles of the movable body.

In fig. 5 - section along G-G, view of the covers for fastening the axes of the fixed body.

In fig. 6 - section along D-D rotated, view of the axle mountings.

In fig. 7 - view E, fastening the electrode to the axis.

In fig. 8 - view G, view of the fastenings of the axes of the movable body.

In fig. 9 - section along the W-W, view of the upper split plates 8.

In fig. 10 - view I, view of the upper split plates 8 of the movable body.

In fig. 11 - view K, bottom view of the machine.

In fig. 12 - view P, fastening the electrode to the axis.

In fig. 13 - view P, ^3/4 section, electrode and lever not _shown .

The positions in the figures indicate: welding machine - 1 (Fig. 1); axes - 2 (Fig.2); rail - 3 (Fig.2); electrode levers - 4 (Fig.2); covers - 5 (Fig.5); electrodes - 6 (Fig.7); tires - 7 (Fig.7); upper split plate - 8 (Fig. 7); spherical insulating split thrust bearing - 9 (Fig. 7); spherical insulating bearing - 10 (Fig.7); insulating gasket - 11 (Fig.7); cover - 12 (Fig.7); screws - 13 (Fig.8); locking screw - 14 (Fig.8); lock washers - 15 (Fig.8); coupling screws - 16 (Fig. 13); lock washers - 17 (Fig. 11).

The machine consists of a fixed body and a movable body mounted on two guides. Two transformers and two hydraulic cylinders are installed on the fixed body, the rods of which act on the movable body.

Two power levers and two electrode levers 4 are installed in the movable and fixed housings (Fig. 2). The axles 2 (Fig. 7) are installed in the lower part of the electrode levers 4 until they stop and are then fixed through the holes in the end of the movable and stationary body of the machine using locking screws 14 and lock washers 15 (Fig. 8), after fixing the holes are closed with covers 5 and are secured with screws 13 (Fig. 8, 14).

This achieves a technical result that is absent in the prototype, which consists in preventing the downward displacement of the axes along with the electrodes from the electrode levers;

A split plate 8, consisting of two halves, and a split spherical insulating thrust bearing 9, also consisting of two halves, are installed on the upper spherical part of the axis 2 (Fig. 7). Next, an electrode 6 is installed on the axis 2 from below, and an insulating spherical thrust bearing 10 and a cover 12 with an insulating gasket 11 installed in it (fin. 7) are installed on the lower spherical part of the axis 2. Next, the structure is fixed from below with coupling screws 16 and lock washers 17 (Fig. 13), while an air gap is formed between the spherical part of the axis 2 and the thrust bearings 9, 10 (Fig. 13).

This achieves a technical result that is absent in the prototype, which consists in ease of maintenance and replacement of electrodes, axes and insulating bearings;

The machine works as follows:

The machine is installed with a manipulator (not shown) on the ends of the rails to be welded. The operator starts the machine into operation. Rail 3 is clamped by the power levers. After clamping the power levers, the electrode levers 4 begin to move and press the electrodes 6 to the rail 3 to be welded.

The electrodes 6, turning, thanks to the air gap (Fig. 13), on the spherical part of the axis 2 through the spherical bearings 9 and 10, are installed completely corresponding to the geometry of the rail 3.

This achieves a technical result that is absent in the prototype, which consists in providing the possibility of free rotation of the electrode around its axis and the possibility of its rolling in horizontal and vertical planes;

In this case, the structural part of fastening the electrodes 6 is designed in such a way that the distance β is obviously less than the distance α (Fig. 7), that is, there is no possibility of the split plate 8 coming into contact with the axis 2 when the electrode 6 is rotated around the axis 2 while clamping the electrode levers 4, so how the lower spherical truncated part of axis 2 will rest against the insulating gasket 11.

This achieves a technical result that is absent in the prototype, which consists in ensuring reliable electrical insulation of the electrodes from the axes;

The rails are welded, a welded joint is formed and the burr is removed. Then all levers are unclenched to their original state.

Thus, the above information indicates the possibility of using the invention in the form as it is characterized in the claims using the known and proposed means described above in the application. Consequently, the claimed invention meets the requirement “industrially applicable under current legislation.” According to the proposed invention, design and technological documentation has been developed for the MSR-120.02B U1 machine.

Claims (1)

A suspended machine for butt welding of rails, containing a stationary body and a movable body mounted on two guides, two transformers and two upsetting hydraulic cylinders placed on the stationary body, the rods of which are located to act on the movable body, while two power ones are mounted in the movable and fixed bodies lever with clamping hydraulic cylinders and two electrode levers, at the lower ends of which electrodes with current leads are fixed using axes, characterized in that the ends of the electrode axes are made in the form of a truncated sphere, with each electrode axis fixed in the electrode lever using a split plate, cover and locking elements and is installed with the said end of the axis resting on the insulating gasket of the cover, wherein the electrode is mounted on the axis through a spherical split insulating bearing to form a gap between the truncated sphere of the axis and the mentioned bearing, ensuring rotation of the axis during clamping of the electrode levers.