RU2606085C1 - Chemical fertilizers spreader - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machines building, specifically to mineral fertilizers spreading machines. Spreader consists of chassis, on which fixed bin, articulated with dispenser, fan, articulated with mineral fertilizers supply lines system intake pipe, lifting mechanism, articulated with folding bars. On rods are fixed radars and rotary distribution plates. By one end rotary distribution plates are fixed on axis with possibility of inclination angle changing from 0 to 90° to field surface. Inclination angle is changed by rotary electric motor bell crank turning, fixed on folding bar and moving along support plate slot. Support plate is located on distribution plate lower side. Rotary electric motors and radars are connected with control unit by electric wires.

EFFECT: such execution increases uniformity of mineral fertilizers application along field surface.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, and in particular to units for spreading mineral fertilizers.

BACKGROUND

Known seeder for applying mineral fertilizers SU-12-01 is designed for applying mineral fertilizers by continuous sowing and fertilizing plants with bulk mineral fertilizers [Seeder for applying mineral fertilizers SU-12-01 [Electronic resource] // Section "Equipment for fertilizing" site LLC BelSelHozSnab. - URL: http://belselhozsnab.ru/texnika-dlya-vneseniya-udobrenij/seyalka-dlya-vneseniya-mineralnyx-udobrenij-su-12-01.htm (accessed: 05/11/2015)].

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of adjustment of the sowing windows, as well as the lack of stabilization of the rods depending on the uneven field topography.

Known spiral screw mixer-spreader of mineral fertilizers that solves the problem of pre-mixing fertilizers and automatic dose adjustment of the components [Pat. 2533909 Russian Federation, IPC 9 А01С 15/00. Spiral-screw mixer-spreader of mineral fertilizers / Ponomarenko I.G., Zabrodin V.P., Butenko A.F., Alkerem M.M .; applicant and patentee Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Azov-Black Sea State Agroengineering Academy" (FSBEI HPE AChGAA) - No. 2012158277/13; declared 12/29/12; publ. 11/27/14].

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of adjustment of the position of the sowing windows of the auger casing, as well as the lack of adjustment of stabilization of the auger roll, so when changing the angle of inclination of the screw there is a violation of the uniformity of movement of mineral fertilizers along the length of the screw and, accordingly, this leads to uneven removal from the sowing windows of the screw casing.

Known pneumatic spreader of bulk materials in the soil, solving the problem of making bulk materials with automatic adjustment of the doses of seeding components [Pat. HU 180897 Hungary. IPC 9 A01C 15/00. PNEUMATIC SPREADING DEVICE FOR SPREADING GRANULAR MATERIALS ONTO SOIL / GRATALOUP XAVIER R; Applicant and patent holder NODET GOUGIS - No. HU 1976 NO 00203; declared 05/30/1983].

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of adjustment of the position of the distribution plates, as well as the lack of stabilization of the rods, adaptable to the relief of the field.

Known pneumatic fertilizer spreader (AEROMIN), designed for spreading mineral fertilizers, equipped with a parallelogram system of raising and lowering the rods with adjustable boom angle [Fertilizer spreader "AEROMIN" LLC "AGROCHIMMASH" company [Electronic resource] // Section "Catalog" of the official website ". - URL: http://www.agrohimmash.ru/Catalog/TechMain_Podkorm_Aeromin.html (accessed: 05/11/2015)].

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of adjustment of the position of the distribution plates depending on the changing topography of the field.

The closest in technical essence is the pneumatic fertilizer spreader RAUCH AGT, the chassis on which the hopper is attached, articulated with a dispenser, the fan articulated with the receiving pipe by the piping system, the lifting mechanism, articulated with folding rods, mounted on them with radars and rotary distribution plates [ RAUCH - wir nehmen's genau [Electronic resource] // Section “Fertilizer spreaders" of the official website of Rauch Landmaschinenfabrik GmbH. - URL: http://rauch.de/russisch/4/agt/agt-6036/index.html (accessed: 05/07/2015)].

The disadvantage of this device is the rigid fastening on the rods of the distribution plates, which leads to an uneven distribution of mineral fertilizers on the surface of the field under changing field topography and weather conditions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the invention is to increase the uniformity of the application of mineral fertilizers on the surface of the field.

The technical result, which can be achieved using the present invention, is reduced to the automatic change of position of the distribution plates of the mineral fertilizer spreader.

The technical result is achieved in that in order to increase the uniformity of applying mineral fertilizers along the field surface, the distribution plates by means of a rotary electric motor automatically change the angle of inclination to the field surface depending on the height of the spreader rods, controlled by radars installed at their ends and directing the signal to the control unit.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The figure 1 is a diagram of the unit for fertilizing, side view.

Figure 2 is a diagram of a fertilizer spreader, rear view.

In figure 3 is a diagram of the control mechanism of the distributor, side view.

The figure 4 is a diagram of the control mechanism of the distributor, front view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The mineral fertilizer spreader (Fig. 1) includes a chassis (not indicated in Fig. 1), on which are located: a hopper 1, articulated with a dispenser 2, a fan 3, articulated with a receiving pipe 4 with a duct system (in Fig. 1 not indicated), a lifting mechanism 5, connected with folding rods 6 (Fig. 2) and fixed at their ends in the lower part of the radar 7. The receiving pipe 4 is attached to the fan 3 by a system of pipelines (not shown in Fig. 2), consisting of divertors 8 , central pipelines 9 and end pipelines 10, the connection connected to the folding rods 6 and under the lower outlet of which a rotary distribution plate 11 (Fig. 3) is placed, which rotates around an axis 12 (Fig. 3), with a groove fixed to the lower side of the support plate 13, into which the crank 14 of the rotary motor enters 15, rigidly fixed by means of an arm 16 to a folding rod 6 (Fig. 4). Radars 7 and rotary motors 15 with electric wires 17 are connected to the control unit 18 (Fig. 1).

The spreader of mineral fertilizers works as follows.

Before starting work, in the field, the folding rods 6 are transferred from the transport position to the working position and, using the lifting mechanism 5, the necessary height of their location above the field surface is established. The required amount of mineral fertilizers from the hopper 1 is measured by the dispenser 2 and sent to the receiving pipe 4, from which the air flow generated by the fan 2 is directed through the central pipelines 9 to the divertors 8, which share the air flow with mineral fertilizers, after which the flows are also separated by divertors 8 and enter the end pipelines 10 on the rotary distribution plates 11 mounted on folding rods 6, from which they are reflected and distributed over the field surface. Radars 7 read the signal reflected from the surface of the field, send it through the electric wires 17 to the control unit 18, where it is processed, the height of the folding rod 6 is determined, after which the processed signal is transmitted to the rotary motor 15, mounted using the bracket 16 on the folding rod 6, which rotates the crank 14. Depending on the change in the height of the folding rod 6, the crank 14 is turned in one direction or another in the groove of the base plate 13, raising or lowering while the gate distribution plate 11, which rotates around the axis 12 by an angle from 0 to 90 °, thereby changing the angle of flight of the granules of mineral fertilizers. In the case of reducing the distance from the radar 7 to the field surface, the crank 14, driven by a rotary electric motor 15, reduces the angle α, which leads to an increase in the sifting width between adjacent rotary distribution plates 11 and increases the angle α in case of increasing the distance from the radar 7 to the field surface , which leads to a decrease in the sieving width between adjacent rotary distribution plates 11, thereby reducing the overlap between them and increasing the uniformity of fertilizer application on the field surface.

The developed prototype, fixed to the Flexi Coil serial sowing complex, passed field tests on the territory of the educational-experimental farm of SSAU. Field experiments show that the irregularity of fertilizer application decreased to 5% compared with the serial RU-1600, reaching 40%.

The invention in comparison with the prototype and other known technical solutions has the following advantages.

1. Improving the uniformity of the application of mineral fertilizers on the surface of the field.

2. Reducing the overlapping sieving of mineral fertilizers between adjacent distribution plates.

3. Reducing the consumption of granular mineral fertilizers.

4. Ease of execution.

Claims (1)

Mineral fertilizer spreader, consisting of a chassis on which a hopper is attached, articulated with a metering device, a fan, articulated with a take-up pipe system, a lifting mechanism, articulated with folding rods with mounted radars and rotary distribution plates, characterized in that the rotary distribution plates one end is fixed on the axis and made with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination from 0 to 90 ° to the surface of the field, changed by turning the crank of the rotary electrode igatelya supported on the folding bar and moving along the slot of the support plate situated on the lower side of the distributor plate, wherein the rotary electric motors and are connected to electric cables radar control unit.

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