RU2338360C2 - Device for mineral fertilisation during overall tillage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises frame, hopper with a dosing unit and a seed tube and operation elements. The operation elements are made as cone discs and vertical poles. Discs are divided into spiral sectors with two surfaces. The first surface has sharpening and smaller ascending angle than the second one. The poles are rigidly fixed on the frame and inclined to the line of motion to provide for penetration of the discs into soil. Poles are made as pipes with loading cone in the upper part and inserted screws. Discs are fixed on the poles by hinges and fitted with cone distributors. The distributors are connected to the discs by draw bars. Screws are coaxially welded to the cone distributors tops. Operation elements are placed on the frame in a staggered order.

EFFECT: improving quality of distributing fertiliser granules in the subsoil layer without blocking.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for continuous tillage with the simultaneous introduction and incorporation of mineral fertilizers.

A device is known - a plane cutter deep-ripper-fertilizer KPG-2.2 (see the reference book “High-speed agricultural machinery”, authors of the sections A.Ya. Polyak, N.M. Ayushev and others. M: Rosselkhozizdat, 1977, p.162 -164), which includes a frame with a mechanism for adjusting the depth of processing, and on the frame is fixed a fat box connected to the fertilizer mechanism, a hydraulically driven fan and a working body, consisting of a rack with a lancet foot fixed to it, equipped with a tubular guide, connected to the tuco and air ducts.

However, the disadvantages of this device include: high energy costs, because the working body has a passive paw; low quality of distribution of granules and low operational reliability of the device due to clogging of the guide.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved economic effect is a device for sowing seeds of grain crops (see RF Patent No. 2275782), including a hinged frame with two pontoons, a hopper equipped with a metering reel driven by PTO and seed tube, and fixed between two pontoons the working body of soil preparation for the seed bed, made in the form of a conical disk, divided into spiral sectors with two surfaces, the first of which has a sharpening and a smaller angle of elevation than the second, at m soil preparation mechanism pivotally mounted on a hydraulic cylinder connected to the tool bar, behind which is mounted V-shaped coulter and earthing devices in the form of a spring loaded skiing.

The disadvantages of this device are the high consumption of materials in the form of additional openers and shorting, etc., other functionality and the ability of the working body.

The technical solution to the problem is to use it for another purpose, improving the quality of the distribution of granules and simplifying the design.

The solution to the problem is that in the known device, including a frame, a hopper with a dispenser and a vas deferens and working bodies made in the form of conical discs, divided into spiral sectors with two surfaces, the first of which has a sharpening and a smaller angle of elevation than the second, and vertical racks mounted on the frame rigidly at an angle to the direction of movement to deepen the disks into the soil, moreover, the racks are made tubular and equipped in the upper part with a receiving funnel and screws inserted into them, and the disks are pivotally closed They are insulated on racks and equipped with cone distributors connected to the disks by means of leashes, the screws being coaxially welded to the tops of the conical distributors.

The novelty of the proposed proposal lies in the possibility of distributing granules of mineral fertilizers under the working body along the trajectory of a cycloid-trochoid, followed by termination and without clogging.

New elements are: racks fixed rigidly at an angle to the movement, providing a deepening of the disk into the soil, made tubular, and also equipped in the upper part of the receiving funnel; disks are equipped with swivel mounts, as well as conical distributors and coaxially placed screws inserted into racks; racks placed on the frame in a checkerboard pattern.

The invention is shown in the drawings. Figure 1 is a side view of the device. Figure 2 is a cross section of the working body along aa. Figure 3 - traces of the distribution of mineral fertilizers against the background of loosening of the soil by the working bodies.

The device consists of a frame 1 on which a drive mechanism from the tractor’s PTO shaft (not shown in the drawings) is installed, a mechanism 2, a hopper 3 with a dispenser 4 and a piping 5. Brackets 6 are welded to the frame 1, on which tubular racks 7, equipped in the upper part of the receiving funnel 8. On the racks 7 at the bottom, thanks to the hinge mounting, conical disks 9 are installed, divided into spiral sectors with two surfaces, the first 10 of which has a sharpening and a smaller angle of elevation than the second 11. Racks 7 are fixed in brackets 6 p d angles to the movement providing the disc 9 penetration into the soil. Inside, the conical disks 9 are equipped with conical fertilizer distributors 13, rigidly fixed with leashes 12, to the top of which the screws 14 are coaxially welded and inserted into the tubular posts 7 (Fig. 2).

The installation of the working bodies in a checkerboard pattern provides overlapping due to their translational and rotational movements, which leads to an even distribution of granules along the trajectory of the cycloid-trochoid (see Fig. 3, where b is the working width of the processed strip, c is the overlapping width).

The work is as follows. Adjusted to the required depth of tillage and mounted on the tractor, the hopper 3 filled with granules in the field is lowered into the working position, the PTO is engaged and the shuttle is driven. Conical disks 9 due to the inclination of the uprights 7, mounted on the brackets 6 on the frame 1, are buried in the soil and due to the surfaces 10 and 11 they loosen the soil and rotate due to their hinged mounting on the uprights 7. In the soil, under the conical disks 9, a channel forms into which due to the rotation of the cone distributor 13 (thanks to the leads 12) and the screw 14, fertilizer granules are transported through the tubular stand 7, which come from the dispenser 4 mounted on the frame of the hopper 3 through the piping 5 to the receiving funnel 8.

Claims (2)

1. A device for applying mineral fertilizers during continuous tillage, including a frame, a hopper with a dispenser and seed tube and working bodies, characterized in that the working bodies are made in the form of conical disks divided into spiral sectors with two surfaces, the first of which has a sharpening and a smaller angle of elevation than the second, and vertical struts fixed on the frame rigidly at an angle to the direction of movement to deepen the disks into the soil, and the racks are made tubular and equipped in the upper part with a receiving funnel and screws inserted into them, and the disks are pivotally mounted on racks and equipped with cone distributors connected to the disks by means of leashes, and the screws are coaxially welded to the tops of the cone distributors. 2. The device for applying mineral fertilizers during continuous processing according to claim 1, characterized in that the working bodies are placed on the frame in a checkerboard pattern.

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