RU2660267C1 - Disintegrator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for grinding and mixing various materials and can be used, for example, in the production of building materials. Disintegrator comprises cylindrical body 1 with axial loading and tangential unloading devices. In cylindrical body 1 with the possibility of counter rotation there are disks 4 and 5, on which impact elements 6 and 7 are rigidly fixed in rows. Each of impact elements 6 is disposed between rows of impact members 7 of the opposing disc. Disks 4 and 5 are located vertically. Axial charging device is made in the form of two hollow horizontal screw shafts 2 rigidly connected to discs 4, 5. Each impact element 6, 7 consists of inner rod 8 of square cross-section, into which hollow bushing 9 with an outer cross-sectional profile in the form of a rectangular trapezium with radially disposed bases is firmly fitted. Smaller base of the rectangular trapezoid is b, and the larger base h uniformly increases opposite to the rotation on each row of impact elements 6, 7 from b to h_max every 180°, where h_max=1.2b. Minimum radial clearance δ_min between adjacent rows of impact elements 6, 7 corresponds to the outer profile of hollow bushing 9 in the form of a rectangular trapezium with bases b and h_max. Maximum radial clearance δ_max corresponds to the outer profile of hollow bushing 9 in the form of a square with side b.

EFFECT: disintegrator ensures an increase in the efficiency of the grinding process.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for grinding and mixing various materials and can be used in the production of building materials, as well as in other industries.

A known design of the disintegrator (USSR author's certificate for the invention No. 1572694, B02C 13/22, publ. 06/23/1990, bull. No. 23), containing a cylindrical body, inside of which are two rotors rotating in opposite directions in the form of disks with shock elements in the form blades and angled in adjacent concentric rows.

A disintegrator is also known (USSR author's certificate for the invention No. 908383, B02C 13/22, publ. 02.28.1982, bull. No. 8), the last row of the shock elements of which is made in the form of fingers. The outlet pipe is located tangentially to the cage body.

The disadvantages of the known designs is the low efficiency of the grinding process and low fineness of grinding.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one adopted as a prototype is a disintegrator (USSR author's certificate for the invention No. 1694211, B02C 13/22, publ. 30.11.1991) containing a cylindrical body with axial loading and tangential unloading pipes, in which one above the other Disks with rows of percussion elements, each of which is located between adjacent percussion elements of the opposing disk, are coaxially rotationally arranged counter-rotating, the percussion elements are mounted on the sides of the squares with a common center.

The following features of the prototype coincide with the essential features of the claimed invention: a cylindrical body with axial loading and tangential unloading nozzles and with disks with shock elements placed in a cylindrical body with the possibility of counter rotation, each of which is located between the shock elements of the opposite disk.

However, this device is characterized by low efficiency of the grinding and mixing process. This is due to the low intensity of particle movement in the inter-row space of the working chamber.

The invention is aimed at improving the efficiency of the grinding and mixing process by increasing the intensity of movement of particles of materials in the inter-row space of the working chamber.

This is achieved by the fact that the disintegrator comprises a cylindrical body with axial loading and tangential unloading devices. In the housing, counter-rotating discs are arranged with rows of shock elements rigidly fixed on them, each of which is located between the rows of shock elements of the opposing disk. In the proposed solution, the disks are arranged vertically. The axial loading device is made in the form of two hollow horizontal screw shafts rigidly connected to the disks. Each impact element consists of an inner rod of square cross-section, on which a hollow sleeve with an external cross-section profile in the form of a rectangular trapezoid with radially located bases is tightly mounted. The smaller base of the rectangular trapezoid is equal to b, and the larger base h evenly increases opposite to the rotation on each row of shock elements from b to h _max every 180 °, where h _max = 1,2b. The minimum radial clearance between adjacent rows of impact elements δ _min corresponds to the external profile of the hollow sleeve in the form of a rectangular trapezoid with bases b and h _max,. The maximum radial clearance δ _max corresponds to the external profile of the hollow sleeve in the form of a square with side b.

The invention is illustrated by graphic materials, where in FIG. 1 is a section AA in FIG. 2 (longitudinal section of the working chamber), in FIG. 2 - section BB in FIG. 1 (cross section of the working chamber), in FIG. 3 - view B (cross section of the inner rod) and in FIG. 4 is a view D in FIG. 2 (cross section of a hollow sleeve).

The disintegrator comprises a cylindrical housing 1 with an axial loading device made in the form of two oppositely arranged hollow horizontal screw shafts 2 located coaxially with each other, and a tangential unloading device 3. In the cylindrical housing 1, the disks 4 and 5 are rigidly vertically rotated in the opposite direction fastened to them, for example, by welding, by the rows of shock elements 6 and 7, respectively, while the disks are arranged vertically. Each of the shock elements 7 of the disk 5 is located between the rows of shock elements 6 of the disk 4.

Each of the two hollow horizontal screw shafts 2 is rigidly connected, for example by welding, to the disks 4 and 5, respectively. Each impactor 6 and 7 consists of an inner rod 8 of square cross-section, on which the hollow sleeve 9 is tightly fitted with an external cross-section profile in the form of a rectangular trapezoid with radially located bases. The smaller base of the rectangular trapezoid is equal to b, and the larger base h equally increases opposite to the rotation on each row of shock elements 6 and 7 from b to h _max every 180 °, where h _max = 1,2b. The minimum radial clearance δ _min between adjacent rows of impact elements 6, 7 corresponds to the external profile of the hollow sleeve 9 in the form of a rectangular trapezoid with bases b and h _max. The maximum radial clearance δ _max corresponds to the external profile of the hollow sleeve 9 in the form of a square with side b.

The disintegrator works as follows. The crushed material, for example limestone, with a humidity of up to 4%, is fed into the central part of the housing by means of two oppositely positioned hollow horizontal screw shafts 2, rigidly connected to the vertical disks 4 and 5.

Having passed the first inner row of impact elements 6, the material enters the working space formed by the rows of impact elements 6 and 7 with an external cross-sectional profile in the form of a trapezoid. Since one of the bases of the hollow sleeve 9 varies from b to h _max , and its cross-sectional shape changes from square to trapezoid, respectively, with the opposite high-frequency rotation of adjacent rows of shock elements 6 and 7, the working space formed by the external profile of the bushings 9 in adjacent rows decreases sequentially and increases. As a result of this, the intensity of movement and interaction of particles increases due to a high-frequency change in the working space, which has a cyclic nature. Then, the particles of materials are sent to subsequent rows of impact elements 6 and 7, consisting of an inner rod 8 and a hollow sleeve 9, where it is also subjected to further intensive action in the inter-row space. The finished product flies from the casing 1 of the disintegrator through the tangential unloading device 3.

The use of a disintegrator with a loading device in the form of two oppositely positioned hollow horizontal screw shafts 2, as well as shock elements 6 and 7, including an inner rod 8 and a hollow sleeve 9 with a varying cross section, can significantly increase the efficiency of the grinding and mixing process due to additional particle interactions material among themselves, as well as with shock elements. All this significantly increases the efficiency of the grinding and mixing process in the disintegrator.

Claims (1)

A disintegrator comprising a cylindrical body with axial loading and tangential unloading devices or nozzles, disks placed in the body with the possibility of counter rotation, rows of shock elements rigidly fixed on them, each of which is located between rows of shock elements of the opposing disk, characterized in that the disks are arranged vertically , the axial loading device is made in the form of two hollow horizontal screw shafts rigidly connected to the disks, each impact element consists of Cored oil rod of square cross section, which firmly planted hollow shank with an external cross section profile in the form of a rectangular trapezium with radial bases, the smaller base of which is equal to b, while the larger base h uniformly increases opposite rotation to each row of impact elements from b to h _max every 180 °, where h _max = 1.2b, while the minimum radial clearance δ _min between adjacent rows of shock elements corresponds to the external profile of the hollow sleeve in the form of a rectangular trapezoid with bases b and h _max , and the maximum radial clearance δ _max corresponds to the external profile of the hollow sleeve in the form of a square with side b.

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