RU2565024C1 - Oil press - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: oil press contains a milling chamber, an auger shaft, an oil expression chamber with a pressing cage, a mechanism for regulation of pressure in the press, an auger, the press feeder and the feeder auger shaft; the specificity is as follows: the oil press consists of two operational chambers where the first chamber represents a chamber for the source oily raw material milling and thermal treatment while the second is the oil expression chamber; the milling and thermal treatment chamber consists of three zones where the first is the source raw material charging zone, the second is the seeds moisture treatment zone and the third is milling zone; there are two augers installed in the milling and thermal treatment chamber that rotate towards each other; the thermal treatment zone is equipped with a water supply nipple; the oil expression chamber consists of a zone for source raw material charging and milling (that is under a subatmospheric pressure) and the oily raw material pressing zone; the expression zone has a cover within the raw material charging and milling zone; the pressing zone is represented by a cage body made of trapezoid-shaped cage plates having two bevels on the inner surface; the coil pitch of the auger installed inside the source oily raw material milling and thermal treatment chamber gradually decreases along the whole length.

EFFECT: invention allows to develop an oil press design allowing to reduce energy costs, decrease the overall dimensions, carry out the operations of source oil-bearing-crops milling and roasting and to increase oil yield in the oil press thermal treatment chamber.

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Description

The invention relates to equipment for the production of edible vegetable oil in the oil processing industry.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is the press unit P3-MOA [Industry technology (Oil production): textbook / L.A. Mkhitaryants, E.P. Kornena, E.V. Martovschuk, S.K. Mustafayev; edited by E.P. Rooted. - St. Petersburg .: GIORD, 2009. S. 109-112], including a brazier, press, jib crane, and the press consists of a screw shaft, a grain cylinder, a mechanism for regulating the pressure in the press, a screw, a press feeder, a screw shaft feeder, and the fryer includes tanks, a shaft, knives-mixers, a reducer, an aspiration pipe, manholes.

A disadvantage of the known design of the press is the need to use additional equipment for grinding and frying the original oilseeds and, as a result, an increase in the specific energy consumption for production, as well as the bulkiness of the equipment.

An object of the invention is to develop a design of oil press, which allows to reduce energy consumption, reduce overall dimensions, as well as perform operations of grinding and frying the original oilseeds, increasing the oil yield in the heat treatment chamber of the oil press.

The object of the invention is achieved in that in an oil press including a grinding chamber, a screw shaft, an oil press chamber with a grain cylinder, a mechanism for regulating the pressure in the press, a screw, a press feeder, a screw shaft of the feeder, it is new that the oil press consists of two working chambers , the first chamber is a chamber for grinding and heat treatment of the initial oilseed raw materials, and the second is the chamber for pressing the oil, the chamber for grinding and heat treatment of the raw material consists of three zones, the first zone is the loading zone of raw materials, the second zone of seed moisture treatment, the third - grinding zone, two screws are installed in the grinding and heat treatment chamber of the raw materials, rotating towards each other, the heat treatment zone is equipped with a pipe for supplying water, an oil extraction chamber, consisting of a feed and grinding zone of raw materials, which is located under vacuum pressure, as well as the pressing zone of oilseeds, the oil extraction chamber is provided with a lid in the loading and grinding zone of the raw materials, the pressing zone is represented by a grain case, consisting of grain squares trapezoidal tin with two chamfers on the inner surface, the pitch of the turns of the screw installed in the grinding and heat treatment chamber of the initial oilseed feedstock gradually decreases over its entire length.

In FIG. 1 is a front view of the oil press; FIG. 2 - grain plate, in FIG. 3 - arrangement of grain plates in the oilseed pressing zone.

The oil press consists of a chamber for grinding and heat treatment of the initial oil-bearing raw material 6, an oil extraction chamber 9, an electric motor 1, a gearbox 2, a loading funnel 3, and a gearmotor 15.

Two augers 17 are installed in the grinding and heat treatment chamber of the initial oil-bearing raw material 6, which rotate towards each other, are driven by an electric motor 1 and gearbox 2, while the rotational speed of the augers can be adjusted using a thyristor frequency controller on electric motor 1. The upper part of the chamber grinding and heat treatment of the oilseed feedstock 6 is equipped with a pipe 4 for supplying water.

The oil extraction chamber 9 is equipped with one screw 10, the drive of which is carried out using a gear motor 15, equipped with a thyristor frequency controller. The creation of vacuum pressure and vapor removal in the feed zone 8 is carried out using a pipeline 7, steam trap 5 and valve 16, to which a water ring vacuum pump is connected.

In the lower part of the zone of loading and heat treatment of the original oil-bearing raw material 8 there is a lid 14 designed to drain from the loading zone of the raw material in case of its compression.

On the inner surface of the oil extraction chamber 9 there is a screw winding that acts on oilseeds, while providing additional grinding of the raw materials and resistance to movement of the raw materials, resulting in increased pressure and temperature inside the oil press, which positively affects the oil output from the raw material.

The oil is released through the grain plates 13 located in the grain housing 12. The grain plate has a trapezoidal shape, with two chamfers on the inner surface (Fig. 2). The plates fit tightly against each other, so that between them a minimum gap is formed due to the chamfer (Fig. 3).

The thickness of the shell (cake) is regulated using a tightening 11. It is a cylinder with a threaded winding on the inside. The thickness of the shell is adjusted by rotation of the tightener. If the rotation is carried out in a clockwise direction, an increase in the gap occurs, and if it is against, a decrease.

Maslopress works as follows.

The motor 1 is turned on, which, with the help of a reducer 2, drives the screws 17 inside the grinding and heat treatment chamber of the oilseed feedstock 6. At the same time, the gear motor 15 is turned on, which drives the screw 10.

In order to use the entire power of the oil press in terms of productivity and the depth of the oil extraction without impairing the quality of the oil and oilcake, it is necessary to maintain a continuous and uniform supply of oil press to oilseeds. To do this, using the thyristor frequency controller on the electric motor 1 and the gearmotor 15, the optimal frequency of rotation of the screws 17 inside the grinding and heat treatment chamber of the initial oilseeds 6, as well as the screw 10, is established.

The initial product through a feed funnel 3 enters the grinding and heat treatment chamber of the original oil-bearing raw material 6. Water begins to be supplied through the pipe 4. Under the action of shear forces and friction, the product is heated, deformation also occurs, which positively affects the further process of extracting vegetable oil. The pitch of the turns of the screw 17 installed inside the chamber for grinding and heat treatment of the original oilseeds 6 gradually decreases along the entire length, as a result of which the pressure inside the chamber increases.

At the outlet of the grinding and heat treatment chamber of the initial oilseed feedstock 6, the product that has undergone moisture-heat treatment enters the loading zone 8, which is under vacuum pressure. Due to the pressure difference between the grinding and heat treatment chamber of the feedstock 6 and the loading zone, the moisture is intensively removed from the material, and protein denaturation occurs in the oil-bearing material, as well as the destruction of the bonds of fat molecules.

Further, the raw material enters the oil extraction chamber 9. Using the screw 10, the oilseeds are transported to the grain case. The geometry of the channel formed by the turns of the screw 10, allows you to reduce their free volume in the direction of movement of the material from the loading zone to the exit slit of the oil press and thereby subject the material to compression. Compression of the material entails an increase in pressure at which the oil is squeezed out of the pulp. The pressed press oil leaves the pressing zone through the gaps between the grain plates 13, and the pressed material through the annular gap at the outlet of the grain housing 12.

The pulp squeezed from the oil leaves the grain chamber in the form of a densely pressed mass (shell), the optimal thickness of which, and therefore the degree of compression of the pulp in the chamber, is established using a tightening 11.

Thus, the use of the invention will allow:

- increase the yield of vegetable oil;

- choose the most rational modes for processing the feedstock;

- save production space;

- reduce the size of the equipment for obtaining vegetable oil;

- reduce the number of pieces of equipment;

- reduce energy consumption when receiving vegetable oils.

Claims (1)

An oil press containing a grinding chamber, a screw shaft, an oil press chamber with a grain cylinder, a pressure control mechanism in the press, a screw, a press feeder, a screw screw feeder, characterized in that the oil press consists of two working chambers, the first chamber is a grinding and heat treatment chamber of the original oilseeds, and the second is the chamber of the oil extraction, the chamber for grinding and heat treatment of raw materials consists of three zones, the first zone is the feed zone of the feedstock, the second is the zone of moisture treatment of seeds, the third is the zone of grinding In the chamber for grinding and heat treatment of raw materials, two screws are installed that rotate towards each other, the heat treatment zone is equipped with a pipe for supplying water, an oil extraction chamber consisting of a loading and grinding zone of raw materials that is under vacuum pressure, as well as a pressing zone of oilseeds, the oil extraction chamber is provided with a lid in the loading and grinding zone of the raw material, the pressing zone is represented by a grain case consisting of trapezoidal grain plates with two chamfers on the inner surface , the pitch of the turns of the screw installed in the chamber for grinding and heat treatment of the initial oilseed raw materials, gradually decreases along the entire length.

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