RU2545198C1 - Separator of heavy media - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to separation of hard materials with the help of heavy fluid and can be used in dressing industry, etc, for separation of polymetallic scrap of cable industry. This separator comprises bath with light fraction loading and unloading mechanism arranged above dump sector at top part and heavy fraction unloading mechanism arranged at bottom part, over their width. Loading mechanism is composed of vaned device with its shaft arranged as close to suspension surface as possible to allow varying of clearance with bath wall. Heavy fraction unloading mechanism is composed of inclined screw conveyor with openings to receive settling material and opening for its discharge located above suspension level. Light fraction discharge mechanism is a vaned or scraper conveyor. Every vane is equipped with slider with rollers fitted at its end to contact with templates the beds of which are rigidly secured to props of said mechanism. Vane surface and its sides are provided with openings for suspension draining. Scrapers are arranged at acute angle to belt direction. Vanes of light fraction unloading mechanism are secured to hollow shaft at acute angle in direction of rotation. Intake of light fractions has channel to drain suspension into bath.

EFFECT: higher separation efficiency.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of separation of solid materials using a heavy liquid and can be used in mining and other industries, in particular in the processing industry for the separation of polymetallic scrap cable industry.

A known method of loading material into a heavy medium separator (RF patent No. 2205696, class B03B 5/30, 2003), including feeding the material together with the suspension through a height-adjustable loading device into the bath, unloading the heavy fraction with an elevator wheel immersed in the bath with suspension, and unloading of the pop-up light fraction by the unloading mechanism.

The disadvantage of this method is that during the enrichment of large classes of light fractions, when surfacing with their surface, small grains of the heavy fraction, which move above a constant level of the separator suspension, are involved in unloading, which reduces the efficiency of the separator.

The closest in technical essence and the present invention is a heavy-medium separator (RF patent No. 2342196, class B03B 5/30, 2008), including a bath whose width in the loading part has an adjustable partition, the lower part of which is lowered under the level of the suspension, device for unloading floating and sunken products.

The disadvantage of this heavy-medium separator is that the inclined partition, adjustable in depth of immersion in the suspension and the angle of inclination to the horizon of its lower part, does not provide full control of flows, in particular ascending ones.

The disadvantage is also that during the separation of materials the unloading of the separated fractions occurs together with the suspension, which requires further operations for their separation.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of separation of the material by simplifying the technological scheme and reducing the cost of this process.

To achieve this goal in a known heavy medium separator, including a bath, the width of which is installed in the upper part of the loading mechanism and the unloading mechanism of light fractions located above the cesspool sector, and in the lower part the mechanism of unloading heavy fractions, the loading mechanism is made in the form of a blade device, shaft which is installed as close as possible to the surface of the suspension, with the possibility of changing the gap with the wall of the bath, and the mechanism for unloading heavy fractions is made in the form of an inclined screw conveyor with windows for accepting settling material and with a window for unloading it located above the level of the suspension, and the mechanism for unloading light fractions is made of a blade or in the form of a scraper conveyor, with each blade equipped with a slide with rollers at the ends in contact with the copiers, the bases of which are rigidly attached to racks of the specified mechanism, and the surface of the blade and its sides are made with holes for drainage of the suspension, and the scrapers are installed at an acute angle to the direction of movement of the tape.

The blades of the mechanism for unloading light fractions are attached to the hollow shaft at an acute angle in the direction of rotation.

The receiver of light fractions is equipped with a channel for the drain of the suspension into the bath.

The technical result from the use of a heavy medium separator is that the separation efficiency of the source material is improved by simplifying the process flow diagram and reducing the cost of this process.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

Figure 1 is a side view of the device;

Figure 2 - bath with a mechanism for unloading heavy fractions (top view);

Figure 3 - blade mechanism for unloading light fractions;

Figure 4 - the base of the copier;

Figure 5 - scraper conveyor (top view);

Figure 6 - receiving device (side view).

The heavy medium separator includes a bath 1 (Fig. 1), made in plan in the form of a trapezoid (Fig. 2) with front and rear side edges converging at the bottom and with beveled right and left sides in the form of trapezoid, which is filled with a suspension 2 (solution) below the overflow threshold 3. The loading mechanism 4 is made in the form of a hollow shaft 5 with blades 6 across the width of the upper part of the bath 1 with vertical walls 7 and the shaft 5 is installed as close to the surface as possible with suspension 2 with the possibility of its horizontal movement to change the gap between the blades 6 and bath wall 1.

The heavy fraction unloading mechanism is a screw conveyor 8 mounted on the bottom of the bath 1 in accordance with its diameter between the front and rear side faces at an angle to the horizon so that its end outside the bath 1 with the discharge window 9 is located above the level of suspension 2. The lower part, located in the bath 1, is made with two windows 10, separated for stiffness by a jumper 11.

The unloading mechanism of light fractions 12 is a hollow shaft 13 with special blades 14 mounted on racks 15 across the width of the cesspool sector 16. Each blade 14 (Fig. 3) is attached to the shaft 13 not perpendicularly, but at an acute angle in the direction of rotation, which ensures a larger volume of material capture, and is made with sides 17, between which a slider 18 (Fig. 4) is located, at the ends of which there are axes 19 with rollers 20 installed in the grooves 21 of the base of the copier 22, each of which is rigidly attached to the racks 15. The plane blades 14 and sides 17 in Full with holes 23 (Figure 3 - is applied grid nodes) for flow of the slurry. The holes 23 can be staggered.

Alternatively, the mechanism for unloading light fractions can be made in the form of a scraper conveyor 24 (Fig. 5) with scrapers 25 installed at an acute angle to the conveyor belt 24 in the direction of travel, which is installed between the vertical walls 26 and having vertical reflectors 27 in front The conveyor 24 is configured to change the angle of inclination to the surface of the slurry 2, and gutters (not shown) are installed on its sides for draining the slurry 2 into the bath 1. From the conveyor belt 24, light fractions enter the receiving devices 28 (Fig. 6) partitions with openings 29 and a channel 30 connected to the bath 1.

For all mechanisms 4, 8, 12 and 24, the speed of movement can be adjusted to synchronize the separation process.

To drain the suspension 2 in the lower corner of the bath 1 has a tap 31.

The device operates as follows.

The separator is loaded into the bath 1 on the blades 6 of the loading mechanism 4. When the source material moves between the blades 6 and the wall of the bath 1, it is intensively wetted and uniformly distributed over the entire width of the bath 1. In this case, the path of the source material along the tangent and blades 6 which allows its uniform distribution over the entire volume of the bath 1, and in the process of passing the loading mechanism 4, pieces of material are disintegrated. At the same time, the blades 6 direct the emerging light fractions to the unloading mechanism 12 or 24. Depending on the source material, the gap between the blades 6 and the wall of the bath 1 can be adjusted, as well as the rotation speed of the loading mechanism 4.

Given the shape of the bath 1 and the location of the unloading mechanism 8 of the heavy fractions, they simultaneously hit the unloading in the windows 10, and the output of the heavy fractions without suspension 2 provides the window 9 located above its level.

Each blade 14 of the mechanism for unloading light fractions when approaching threshold 3 begins to be released from the collected material with the help of a slider 18, which starts moving between the sides 17, since the rollers 20 exit the circular path and move further along the grooves 21, from t. A to t .B to a distance L equal to the width of the blade 14. The slider 18, having completely removed the material from the blade 14 in the unloading zone, returns to t.S on a circular path. Note that during the exit of the blade 14 from the suspension 2, it drains through the holes 23 and the holes in the sides 15 (not shown) in the bath 1.

In an unloading embodiment using a scraper conveyor 24, the scrapers 25 are capable of holding light fractions captured at a certain depth. Depending on the thickness of the layer of light fractions, you can adjust the angle of the conveyor 24 for greater productivity. In the process of its operation, part of the suspension 2 flows down the side channels into the bath 1, and the rest of it, falling into the receiving device 28 and passing through the separation wall with openings 29 through the channel 30, is gravity-discharged into the bath 1. A similar device is also installed in the unloading mechanism 12.

Thus, in the separation of heavy and light fractions of a circular overflow suspension 2 does not occur. Evaporation losses are automatically compensated from a special small tank. When changing the suspension 2 use the crane 31.

Using the proposed device in comparison with the prototype allows to increase the technical and economic indicators of separation due to the simplification of the technological scheme that excludes the suspension circulation system, as well as to increase productivity, since, by controlling the flow of the source material in the suspension, its entire volume is rationally involved in the separation process, reducing the time of separation into heavy and light fractions.

Claims (3)

1. A heavy medium separator comprising a bath, the width of which has a loading mechanism and a mechanism for unloading light fractions located above the cesspool in the upper part, and a mechanism for unloading heavy fractions in the lower part, characterized in that the loading mechanism is made in the form of a blade device, whose shaft is installed as close as possible to the surface of the suspension, with the possibility of changing the gap with the wall of the bath, and the mechanism for unloading heavy fractions is made in the form of an inclined screw conveyor with windows for receiving of settling material and with a window for unloading it located above the level of the suspension, and the mechanism for unloading light fractions is made of a blade or in the form of a scraper conveyor, each blade equipped with a slider with rollers at the ends in contact with the copiers, the bases of which are rigidly attached to the stands of the specified mechanism and the surface of the blade and its sides are made with holes for drainage of the suspension, and the scrapers are installed at an acute angle to the direction of movement of the tape. 2. The heavy medium separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades of the mechanism for unloading light fractions are attached to the hollow shaft at an acute angle in the direction of rotation. 3. The heavy medium separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the light fraction receiving device is provided with a suspension drain channel to the bath.

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