RU2342196C1 - Heavy-medium separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: heavy-medium separator consists of bath with regulated partition of the corresponding width in its loading part with lower part of partition lowered under level of suspension, and of facility for unloading of floating and drowned products. To prevent material floating on the surface of a suspension and to intensify de-lamination of material by density, also for loosening and moistening source product with the suspension the partition is installed at an angle to horizon and is made transitive into gentle sloping position. The partition is designed to alter position in its lower part depending on the load of the separator.

EFFECT: upgraded efficiency of separator operation and upgraded quality of material separation.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to gravitational enrichment of minerals, namely the separation of materials by density in heavy medium separators, and can be used in the mining industry.

Known heavy-medium separator (ed. St. No. 1613164 A1, B03B 5/30, 15.12 1990), including a bath, a device for unloading floated and drowned products.

The disadvantage of such a separator is the insufficient hydrodynamicity of the upper layers of the suspension, when a fine grain of a heavy product, adhering to a large piece of a pop-up light product, not moistened without integration, ultimately falls on the pop-up product, which negatively affects the efficiency of the separator.

Also known is a heavy-medium separator (see AS of the Russian Federation No. 689730, B03B 5/30, 05.10.79,), including a bath with a movable tray of the loading part, devices for unloading pop-up and sunken products, a tray with plates, a tray drive, a pipe for supplying a suspension with a movable tray in the loading part, devices for unloading surfaced and drowned products, a tray with plates, a tray drive, a pipe for supplying a suspension.

In the separator filled with the suspension, the source material enters the tray, where, falling into the suspension, it is divided by density into floating and sunken products.

The product that has surfaced is transported to the discharge point by the transport stream of the suspension and is removed from the separator.

A sunken product settles on the bottom of the tray and, when it is reciprocating, is accelerated to a device for unloading a sunken product and is removed from the separator.

The continuously supplied suspension through the nozzle under the tray passes into the bathtub through the holes in its bottom, forming in it the ascending and transporting flows of the suspension. Slurry flows through the holes in the bottom of the tray repeatedly mix the layer of the sunken product when it falls from stage to stage, freeing light fractions trapped by it from the cramped mass of the layer. Due to the receipt of the suspension through the entire area of the bottom of the tray, the suspension forms a uniform directed upward flow over the entire area of the tray, preventing the separation of the suspension along the depth of the tray.

The disadvantage of this separator is that when the drowned product is mixed, the upper layer of the suspension with large pieces of the emerging product above the constant level of the suspension, to which small grains of a heavy fraction are adhered and which, together with coal, are discharged into the concentrate, is reduced, which reduces the efficiency indicators separator and its performance.

A hydraulic classifier is known (see SU 1475710 A1, B03B 5/28, 04/30/1989), including a tray, devices for loading and unloading products.

The disadvantage of this classifier is the inability to classify objects of a wide class of size without first calibrating them and placing them in more than one layer, as well as the inability to disintegrate the original product.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the invention is a method of loading material into a heavy medium separator (see RU 2205696 C1, B03B 5/30, 10.06.2003), including feeding the material together with the suspension through a height-adjustable loading device into the bath , unloading the heavy fraction with an elevator wheel immersed in the suspension bath, and unloading the light fraction that has surfaced with an unloading mechanism.

Material loading is carried out together with the suspension located in the bathtub into the inside of its volume through a height-adjustable loading device made in the form of a vertical partition installed below the level of the slurry and directing the enriched material into the bathtub in the direction of movement of the slurry. With this method of loading material, enrichment takes place in a calm environment without forced transport and upward flows, which leads to the effective separation of small and medium classes.

The disadvantage of this method is that, when enriching large classes, light fractions, when surfacing with their surface, involve small grains of the heavy fraction, which move above a constant level of the separator suspension in the discharge of the concentrate, which reduces the performance indicators of the separator.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of enrichment by removing small grains of the heavy fraction from the surface of large pieces of light fractions and increasing the performance of the separator by optimizing the uniformity of its loading across the entire width of the bath and the intensification of wetting by suspension of the starting product. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the loading part of the separator along the entire width of the bath a partition is installed at an angle to the horizon, passing into a shallow position. The lower part of the septum is immersed in the suspension to a depth below its level.

The drawing shows a heavy-medium separator with a diagram of the movement of products in it. The heavy-medium separator includes a bath 1, in the loading part of which a baffle 2 passing into a shallow position is installed at an angle to the horizontal, the lower part of which is regulated by the depth of immersion in the suspension relative to its constant level and angle to the horizon, a device for unloading the pop-up 3 and 4 sunk products .

The separator works as follows.

The machine-class separator is loaded into a bath with a transport stream under a partition 350 mm wide, installed obliquely at an angle of 30-60 ° to a depth of 50-80 mm relative to the level of the suspension, depending on the material structure and performance. When the source material moves along the partition as a result of its cramped movement and repeated mixing at the partition, it is intensively wetted and uniformly distributed over the entire width of the bath. In this case, coal does not float to the surface of the suspension, but moves below its constant level. When the source material moves along the partition and is freed from it, loosening, disintegration of pieces of material occurs. At the lower part of the septum, which is set at an angle of 30-60 ° to the horizontal, the pulp stream (mixture of the initial product with the suspension) comes into contact with the suspension located in the separator bath. Loosening of the mixture of the starting product begins. It was experimentally established that for refractory materials (or having a significant part of clay impurities), a longer exposure time to disintegration, i.e. the angle of inclination of the partition should be less, but not less than 30 °.

For readily enriched materials, effective enrichment already occurs at a partition angle of 60 °. The final disintegration and loosening of the initial product occurs when the material passes under the shallow part of the partition, where the process of separation of products by density in suspension already begins.

The passage under the gentle part of the partition of the path 350 mm ensures the end of the disintegration of the original product. The heavy fraction sinks, enters the bucket elevator wheels and is removed from the separator. The light fraction floats, while the grains of the heavy fraction are washed off from large pieces of the light fraction. For effective washing of grains of a heavy fraction from large pieces of a light fraction, it is necessary to deepen the starting material to a depth of not less than 50-80 mm of the suspension layer, taking into account the size of large pieces, i.e. the septum should be submerged under the suspension level by 50-80 mm. Due to the loading of the separator evenly across the entire width of the bath and the effective disintegration of the initial product, the separator productivity increases and the enrichment quality improves.

Industrial tests of the heavy-medium separator SKVP-20 with the installation of an inclined partition and the serial separator SKVP-20 showed that the former increased productivity by 24% and increased enrichment efficiency.

Claims (2)

1. A heavy medium separator, including a bath, the width of which in the loading part is equipped with an adjustable partition, the lower part of which is lowered below the level of the suspension, devices for unloading floated and drowned products, characterized in that, to prevent the material from floating to the surface of the suspension and to intensify the delamination of the material in density, the partition is installed obliquely at an angle to the horizontal and is made rolling into a shallow position. 2. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the partition is made with the possibility of changing the position of its lower part depending on the load of the separator.