RU2186625C2 - Hydrodynamic separator for separation of light fraction from storage battery scrap - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: devices for separation of polypropylene from waste lead-acid automotive tractor storage batteries at mechanized cropping and preparing for melting; concentration of ores; manufacture of building materials; processing of scrap and waste. SUBSTANCE: separator has housing, water supply branch pipe, raw material receiver light and heavy fraction unloading units, bladed agitator mounted inside sunken portion of raw material receiver, blades of agitator are flexible and their diameter exceeds diameter of raw material receiver; light fraction unloading unit is made in form of inner and outer side ports found in raw material receiver for reception of light fraction from housing and discharge of it from receiver; water supply branch pipe is oriented to inner port for shifting light fraction floating on surface towards this port. EFFECT: improved quality of propylene due to reduction of admixtures of heavy components. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Technical field
The invention relates to the separation of solid materials in a liquid, in particular to devices for separating a light fraction in the form of polypropylene (PP) from spent lead-acid autotractor batteries during their mechanized cutting and preparation for smelting, and can be used in ore dressing, the building materials industry, processing scrap and waste.

 The prior art.

 Known hydrodynamic separator for separating battery scrap, comprising a housing in the form of a vertically mounted pipe, discharge nodes for heavy and light fractions, which are used as an inclined conveyor in the lower part of the housing (for heavy fractions) and a conveyor (screw) in the upper part for light fractions (polypropylene), as well as a water supply pipe. Separator of the company Engitec Impianti Spa Italy, the main structural elements are described, for example, in the collection "Current sources (technology, production and processing)." Ed. Vaysganta Z.B., Information and Technical Collection, Issue 2 (p. 60-62), St. Petersburg, 1996, 77 p.

 The disadvantage of this device is the high content of impurities in the light (PP) fraction in the form of small particles of lead (1-3 mm), ebonite, etc. This is especially evident when working on raw materials from the CIS and the Baltic States, the composition and quality of supply of which differs from the level of Western Europe and the USA.

 A known hydraulic separator for separating the light fraction of PP from crushed battery scrap, including a housing with an inclined bottom, in this part of which there is a screw for unloading a heavy fraction, a polypropylene unloading unit in the form of an upper inclined screw, and also a water supply pipe. Advertising brochure of M.A. INDUSTRIES INC USA.

 The disadvantage of the hydroseparator is the increased content of impurities of heavy small particles (1-3 mm) in the light (PP) fraction, especially when working on domestic raw materials.

 The closest to the proposed one, in terms of its function, is a hydrodynamic separator for separating light fractions from accumulated scrap, including a housing, a water supply pipe, a raw material receiver, unloading units for light and heavy fractions (SU 708562 A, 09.27.1999, B 03 V 5 / 48).

 However, when operating in the mode of separation of the light fraction in the form of polypropylene (PP), an increased amount of small particles of the heavy fraction remains in it (up to 3-5%).

 The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of light (PP) fractions due to the separation of small heavy particles.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This goal is achieved in that the hydrodynamic separator for separating the light fraction from the scrap battery, including a housing, a water supply pipe, a raw material receiver, discharge units for light and heavy fractions, is equipped with a paddle mixer installed inside the buried part of the raw material receiver, the blades of which are flexible, and their diameter exceeds the diameter of the raw material receiver, while the unloading unit for the light fraction is made in the form of internal and external side windows in the raw material receiver, respectively, for prima light fractions from the casing and its removal from the receiver, and the water supply pipe is oriented to the inner window to displace the light fraction floating in the casing towards it.

Device description
The hydrodynamic separator (Fig. 1, 2) includes a housing 1 with an inclined bottom 2, a heavy fraction conveyor - a screw 3, a mixer 4 with blades 5 and 6, a raw material receiver 7, with windows 8 and 9 for passage of a light (PP) fraction:
- internal transition window 8,
- unloading window 9.

 The water supply pipe 10, oriented to the window 8, the discharge funnel of the heavy fraction 11, the shutter 12 controls the width of the window 8.

Principle of operation
The initial product - crushed scrap of lead-acid autotractor batteries of propylene casings is loaded into the raw material receiver 7. In this case, the heavy fraction - pieces of lead settles to the bottom of the separator 2 and is discharged by the screw 3 through the discharge funnel 11.

 A light (PP) fraction in the receiver 7 under the action of the blades 5 and 6 of the mixer 4 is shifted to the discharge window 9 and unloaded. In this case, the main part of small particles of a heavy fraction (1-3 mm), which tend to adhere to larger (30-60 mm) light plates of polypropylene, is separated from the PP plates and settles to the bottom in the heavy fraction.

 Some of the small heavy particles (metal, etc.) become entangled inside the cobweb-like fibers formed during crushing of batteries from cord handles, and in the zone of action of the stirrer this web also goes into the heavy fraction without clogging the PP.

 Part of the PP falls into the lower part of the receiver 7 and floats out of it to the surface of the water. Then this pop-up PP is shifted towards the passage window 8 with the adjustment curtain 12 and is unloaded through the window 9.

 The water pipe 10 provides the water balance of the separator (if necessary) and contributes to the displacement of the surfaced particles of PP in the direction of the passage window 8, which, like the pipe 10, can operate in periodic mode.

Device implementation example
The pilot batch of battery scrap amounted to about 20 tons, mainly of polypropylene casings with heavy components (lead lattices, terminals, oxide-sulfate fraction, etc.).

 The total content of heavy components in the initial product of this batch was 15-30%. After wet crushing and screening, the feed was loaded into a separator.

 A prototype separator with a capacity of about 300 kg / h of polypropylene was made collapsible, with a removable upper part.

 In this case, the lower part (2) of the separator is stationary and includes an inclined screw conveyor screw (3) for unloading the heavy fraction. And the upper part was initially made with the possibility of removing the surfaced PP screw surface (auger), as well as with testing the option of unloading in a stream of water (prototype).

 However, during testing in both cases, the content of impurities (heavy components) in the light (PP) fraction could not be reduced less than 2%, and in some cases it reached 5%, with a productivity of 150-200 kg / h PP.

 In this regard, a hydrodynamic separator in the proposed design was implemented and tested. During the tests, the residual content of heavy particle impurities in the light PP fraction decreased to 0.3-0.8%, and the achieved productivity was 300 kg / h for propylene. The diameter of the blades 5, the mixer 4 was 0.85 m, and the rotation speed of 1-2 r / s. According to the option of working with a closed window, 8 PP is removed as it accumulates.

Claims (3)

 1. Hydrodynamic separator for separating the light fraction from the scrap battery, comprising a housing, a water supply pipe, a raw material receiver, discharge units for light and heavy fractions, characterized in that the discharge unit for the light fraction is made in the form of internal and external side windows in the raw material receiver , respectively, for receiving the light fraction from the housing and its removal from the receiver, and the water supply pipe is oriented to the inner window to shift the light fraction floating in the housing towards it, with the separator nabzhen paddle stirrer installed inside the recessed portion of the feed receiver which blades are flexible, and their diameter is greater than the diameter of the feed receiver.  2. The hydrodynamic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that polypropylene is isolated as a light fraction.  3. The hydrodynamic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner side window is made with an adjustment curtain.

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