CN215032257U - Fruit vegetables rubbish pretreatment systems - Google Patents
Fruit vegetables rubbish pretreatment systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN215032257U CN215032257U CN202121270511.7U CN202121270511U CN215032257U CN 215032257 U CN215032257 U CN 215032257U CN 202121270511 U CN202121270511 U CN 202121270511U CN 215032257 U CN215032257 U CN 215032257U
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- vegetable
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 iron metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a fruit vegetables rubbish pretreatment systems, including receiving feed bin, magnet separator, breaker, air separator, hydraulic breaker, whirl desander and the shale shaker that sets gradually, wherein: an anti-bridging device is arranged in the receiving bin, and a first chain plate conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the receiving bin; the magnetic separator is used for removing iron metals; the crusher is positioned below the discharge end of the first chain scraper conveyor and used for coarsely crushing materials, and the second chain scraper conveyor is arranged below the crusher; the winnowing machine is used for separating light impurities such as plastics; the hydraulic pulper is used for crushing and pulping the fruit and vegetable garbage under the hydraulic action to form fruit and vegetable garbage mixed pulp; the cyclone desander is used for separating heavy impurities such as sand and stone from the slurry under the cyclone action; the vibrating screen is used for removing residual fine-grained light impurities in the slurry. Through the pretreatment system, the removal rate of light impurities in the fruit and vegetable garbage can reach more than 95%, and the removal rate of heavier impurities can reach more than 60%.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fruit vegetables refuse treatment, concretely relates to fruit vegetables rubbish pretreatment systems.
Background
In the current domestic fruit and vegetable garbage treatment project with large scale, a wet anaerobic fermentation system is mainly adopted for resource utilization, the wet anaerobic fermentation has certain requirements on treatment of raw materials, and various interference impurities such as iron bars, bricks, silt, plastics, transparent adhesive tapes and the like in the raw materials need to be removed as far as possible. Once a large amount of impurities enter the wet anaerobic fermentation system, various problems are caused, such as crusting on the surface of the fermentation liquor, sand and stone deposition on the bottom of the tank, and abnormal operation of the stirrer caused by winding of a plastic adhesive tape on the stirrer. Therefore, the method can remove the impurities in the fruit and vegetable garbage pretreatment system as much as possible, and is one of the key problems in the wet anaerobic fermentation recycling treatment process of the fruit and vegetable garbage.
Aiming at wet anaerobic fermentation of fruit and vegetable garbage, the conventional pretreatment system generally adopts a process of 'receiving a storage bin + magnetic separation + coarse crushing + screening pulping' to remove impurities in the fruit and vegetable garbage, and core equipment for removing the impurities is generally mechanical equipment such as a screening pulping machine, a drum screen and a vibrating screen, but the impurity removal equipment has many problems in operation, and if the screening pulping machine removes the impurities, a large amount of fruit and vegetable garbage is cleaned together with the impurities, so that the material leakage is serious; when the rotary screen and the vibrating screen are used for removing impurities, plastic, adhesive tapes and the like in the fruit and vegetable garbage often block screen holes, the removing efficiency of the impurities is low, manual frequent cleaning equipment is needed, and normal production of projects is affected.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at overcoming the not enough of prior art, provide a fruit vegetables rubbish pretreatment systems, get rid of light debris such as plastics, sticky tape among the fruit vegetables rubbish respectively through air separator and hydrapulper to and utilize water conservancy to make the broken slurrying of material, the problem that often easily appears such as the material is serious, sieve mesh jam has just been avoided running in the fruit vegetables refuse treatment process to the edulcoration is efficient.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a fruit vegetables rubbish pretreatment systems, pretreatment systems is including receiving feed bin, magnet separator, breaker, air separator, hydrapulper, whirl desander and the shale shaker that sets gradually, wherein:
an anti-bridging device is arranged in the receiving bin to prevent received materials from bridging in the bin, and a first chain plate conveyor is arranged below a bottom outlet of the receiving bin and used for conveying the materials to the magnetic separator;
the magnetic separator is arranged above the discharge end of the first chain plate conveyor and is used for removing iron metals in fruit and vegetable garbage;
the crusher is arranged below the discharge end of the first chain scraper conveyor and used for coarsely crushing the fruit and vegetable garbage materials subjected to magnetic separation, and the second chain scraper conveyor is arranged below the discharge end of the crusher and used for conveying the coarsely crushed materials to the winnowing machine;
the upper end of the winnowing machine is provided with a light impurity outlet, and the lower end of the winnowing machine is provided with a fruit and vegetable garbage outlet, and the winnowing machine is used for separating light impurities such as plastics, adhesive tapes and the like in the fruit and vegetable garbage;
the material inlet of the hydrapulper is communicated with the fruit and vegetable garbage outlet of the air separator through a first pipeline, a first pump is arranged on the first pipeline and used for conveying the fruit and vegetable garbage materials with part of light impurities removed to the hydrapulper through the first pipeline, and the fruit and vegetable garbage materials are crushed and pulped under the hydraulic action to form fruit and vegetable garbage mixed pulp;
the material inlet of the cyclone desander is communicated with the material outlet of the hydrapulper through a second pipeline, and a second pump is arranged on the second pipeline and used for conveying the fruit and vegetable garbage mixed slurry to the cyclone desander through the second pipeline and separating out heavy impurities such as sand and stone under the cyclone action;
and a material inlet of the vibrating screen is communicated with a material outlet of the cyclone desander through a third pipeline, and the fruit and vegetable garbage mixed slurry for removing heavier impurities such as sand and stone is conveyed to the vibrating screen through the third pipeline and residual finely-crushed light impurities in the slurry are removed.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the crusher is a shear crusher, a counterattack crusher, a scraper crusher or a pendulum crusher.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic separator is a drum magnetic separator, a roller magnetic separator or a belt magnetic separator.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
(1) through the fruit and vegetable garbage pretreatment system, the removal rate of light impurities in the fruit and vegetable garbage can reach more than 95%, and the removal rate of heavier impurities can reach more than 60%, so that the condition that the impurity removal efficiency of the traditional fruit and vegetable garbage pretreatment process is low is greatly improved, and the long-term stable operation of a subsequent wet anaerobic fermentation system is facilitated.
(2) Before entering the winnowing machine, the fruit and vegetable garbage is not extruded and is in a loose state, so that the winnowing machine is favorable for separating light impurities such as plastics, adhesive tapes and the like in the garbage.
(3) Compared with a screening pulping machine, the hydrapulper is large in pulping treatment capacity, stable in effect and free of material leakage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the fruit and vegetable waste pretreatment system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The crushers, magnetic separators, winnowing machines, hydropulper, cyclone desander and vibrating screens used in the following examples are all known in the art and commercially available; the innovation of the present invention is not the improvement of these devices themselves, but the combination of these particular devices in a particular way to form a pre-treatment system for fruit and vegetable waste.
According to fig. 1, the utility model discloses a fruit vegetables rubbish pretreatment systems, including receiving feed bin, magnet separator, breaker, air separator, hydrapulper, whirl desander and the shale shaker that sets gradually, wherein:
an anti-bridging device is arranged in the receiving bin to prevent received fruit and vegetable garbage materials from bridging in the bin, and a first chain plate conveyor is arranged below a bottom outlet of the receiving bin and used for conveying the materials to subsequent equipment;
the magnetic separator is arranged above the discharge end of the first chain plate conveyor and is used for removing iron metals in fruit and vegetable garbage;
the crusher is arranged below the discharge end of the first chain scraper conveyor and used for coarsely crushing the fruit and vegetable garbage materials subjected to magnetic separation so as to facilitate subsequent separation, and the second chain scraper conveyor is arranged below the discharge end of the crusher and used for conveying the coarsely crushed materials to the air separator;
the upper end of the winnowing machine is provided with a light impurity outlet, the lower end of the winnowing machine is provided with a fruit and vegetable garbage outlet, light impurities such as plastics, adhesive tapes and the like in the fruit and vegetable garbage are separated according to different densities of the fruit and vegetable garbage and the impurities, the light impurities are discharged from the light impurity outlet, the fruit and vegetable garbage is only subjected to magnetic separation and coarse crushing before being treated by the winnowing machine, extrusion does not exist, the fruit and vegetable garbage is relatively loose, and the winnowing separation of the light impurities is facilitated;
the material inlet of the hydropulper is communicated with the fruit and vegetable garbage outlet of the air separator through a first pipeline, a first pump is arranged on the first pipeline and used for conveying the fruit and vegetable garbage materials without light impurities to the hydropulper through the first pipeline, and the fruit and vegetable garbage materials are further crushed and pulped under the action of water power to form fruit and vegetable garbage mixed pulp;
the material inlet of the cyclone desander is communicated with the material outlet of the hydrapulper through a second pipeline, and a second pump is arranged on the second pipeline and used for conveying the fruit and vegetable garbage mixed slurry to the cyclone desander through the second pipeline and separating out heavy impurities such as sand and stone under the cyclone action;
and a material inlet of the vibrating screen is communicated with a material outlet of the cyclone desander through a third pipeline, and the fruit and vegetable garbage mixed slurry for removing heavier impurities such as sand and stone is conveyed to the vibrating screen through the third pipeline and residual finely-crushed light impurities in the slurry are removed.
Further, the crusher is a shear crusher, an impact crusher, a scraper crusher or a pendulum crusher.
Further, the magnetic separator is a drum magnetic separator, a roller magnetic separator or a belt magnetic separator.
The steps of utilizing the pretreatment system to treat the fruit and vegetable garbage are as follows:
(1) after being collected and transported, the fruit and vegetable garbage in the refrigeration house or the vegetable field is unloaded to the receiving bin and is discharged to a first chain plate conveyor from a bottom outlet of the receiving bin;
(2) removing iron-type metal substances from the fruit and vegetable garbage at the discharge end of the first chain scraper conveyor by a magnetic separator, and discharging the fruit and vegetable garbage to the crusher from the discharge end of the first chain scraper conveyor;
(3) the fruit and vegetable garbage subjected to magnetic separation is coarsely crushed in the crusher, the coarsely crushed fruit and vegetable garbage is discharged to a second chain conveyor from the discharge end of the crusher, and the fruit and vegetable garbage is conveyed to a winnowing machine;
(4) removing light impurities such as plastics, adhesive tapes and the like from the fruit and vegetable garbage in the air separator, wherein the removal rate of the light impurities is over 80 percent, and conveying the fruit and vegetable garbage to the hydrapulper under the power action of a first pump;
(5) the fruit and vegetable garbage is further crushed and pulped in the hydrapulper under the action of water power to form fruit and vegetable garbage mixed slurry, the particle size of materials in the fruit and vegetable garbage mixed slurry can be smaller than 20mm, and the materials are conveyed to the cyclone desander under the action of power of a second pump;
(6) the fruit and vegetable garbage mixed slurry is separated and removed of heavy impurities such as sand and stones under the cyclone effect in the cyclone desander and is conveyed to the vibrating screen;
(7) and removing residual fine crushed light impurities in the slurry from the fruit and vegetable garbage mixed slurry with the heavy impurities such as sand and the like through the vibrating screen.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has: through the fruit and vegetable garbage pretreatment system, the removal rate of light impurities in the fruit and vegetable garbage can reach more than 95%, and the removal rate of heavier impurities can reach more than 60%, so that the condition that the impurity removal efficiency of the traditional fruit and vegetable garbage pretreatment process is low is greatly improved, and the long-term stable operation of a subsequent wet anaerobic fermentation system is facilitated. Before entering the winnowing machine, the fruit and vegetable garbage is not extruded and is in a loose state, so that the winnowing machine is favorable for separating light impurities such as plastics, adhesive tapes and the like in the garbage; compared with a screening pulping machine, the hydrapulper is large in pulping treatment capacity, stable in effect and free of material leakage.
In addition, the mixed slurry obtained by the fruit and vegetable garbage pretreatment system can be used for wet anaerobic fermentation, and can be matched with an extrusion dehydrator to reduce the water content of the slurry to be below 75%, wherein an extrusion solid phase can be used for dry anaerobic fermentation or aerobic composting directly, an extrusion liquid is used for wet anaerobic fermentation, and the subsequent resource utilization approach is wide.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, but the present invention is only by way of example and is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Accordingly, variations and modifications in equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the following claims.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a fruit vegetables rubbish pretreatment systems, a serial communication port, pretreatment systems is including receiving feed bin, magnet separator, breaker, air separator, hydrapulper, cyclone and shale shaker that set gradually, wherein:
an anti-bridging device is arranged in the receiving bin to prevent received materials from bridging in the bin, and a first chain plate conveyor is arranged below a bottom outlet of the receiving bin;
the magnetic separator is arranged above the discharge end of the first chain plate conveyor and is used for removing iron metals in fruit and vegetable garbage;
the crusher is arranged below the discharge end of the first chain scraper conveyor and used for coarsely crushing the fruit and vegetable garbage materials subjected to magnetic separation, and the second chain scraper conveyor is arranged below the discharge end of the crusher and used for conveying the coarsely crushed materials to the winnowing machine;
the upper end of the winnowing machine is provided with a light impurity outlet, and the lower end of the winnowing machine is provided with a fruit and vegetable garbage outlet, and the winnowing machine is used for separating light impurities such as plastics, adhesive tapes and the like in the fruit and vegetable garbage;
the material inlet of the hydrapulper is communicated with the fruit and vegetable garbage outlet of the air separator through a first pipeline, a first pump is arranged on the first pipeline and used for conveying the fruit and vegetable garbage materials with part of light impurities removed to the hydrapulper through the first pipeline, and the fruit and vegetable garbage materials are crushed and pulped under the hydraulic action to form fruit and vegetable garbage mixed pulp;
the material inlet of the cyclone desander is communicated with the material outlet of the hydrapulper through a second pipeline, and a second pump is arranged on the second pipeline and used for conveying the fruit and vegetable garbage mixed slurry to the cyclone desander through the second pipeline and separating out heavy impurities such as sand and stone under the cyclone action;
and a material inlet of the vibrating screen is communicated with a material outlet of the cyclone desander through a third pipeline, and the third pipeline is used for conveying the fruit and vegetable garbage mixed slurry for removing heavy impurities such as sand and stone to the vibrating screen and removing residual finely-crushed light impurities in the slurry.
2. The fruit and vegetable waste pretreatment system of claim 1, wherein the crusher is a shear crusher, an impact crusher, a scraper crusher, or a pendulum crusher.
3. The fruit and vegetable waste pretreatment system according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic separator is a drum magnetic separator, a roller magnetic separator or a belt magnetic separator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121270511.7U CN215032257U (en) | 2021-06-08 | 2021-06-08 | Fruit vegetables rubbish pretreatment systems |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121270511.7U CN215032257U (en) | 2021-06-08 | 2021-06-08 | Fruit vegetables rubbish pretreatment systems |
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| CN215032257U true CN215032257U (en) | 2021-12-07 |
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| CN202121270511.7U Active CN215032257U (en) | 2021-06-08 | 2021-06-08 | Fruit vegetables rubbish pretreatment systems |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120155437A (en) * | 2025-04-29 | 2025-06-17 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | An integrated system for intelligent sorting and pretreatment of vegetable waste |
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2021
- 2021-06-08 CN CN202121270511.7U patent/CN215032257U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120155437A (en) * | 2025-04-29 | 2025-06-17 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | An integrated system for intelligent sorting and pretreatment of vegetable waste |
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