RU2542924C2 - Complex for processing gold ore deposits of shale formation of stringer-porphyry mineralisation type - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to processing of gold ore deposits of shale formation of stringer-porphyry mineralisation type. The claimed complex for ore processing comprises module of crushing, grinding-gravity module, flotation module and metallurgical module interconnected downstream the technological process. The grinding-gravity module is made in the form of a drum-roll mill in conjunction with jolting machine and griddle.

EFFECT: increasing gold recovery and reduction of capital and operating costs in processing of ore low-grade in gold content through the use of both gravity and flotation methods of enrichment.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of minerals and can be used for cost-effective processing of low-grade ores of gold deposits of Sukhoi Log, Zapadnoye, Verninsky, Nevsky, Vysochaishy, Chertovo Koryto, Natalkinsky, Blagodatnoye and other similar gold deposits localized in shale formations, including Sukholozhsky geological-genetic and technological type.

The Sukhoi Log deposit belongs to the gold-sulfide / gold-quartz-sulfide / vein-disseminated type, combined with subordinate low-power veins of quartz and gold-quartz composition.

The ores of the Sukhoi Log deposit are of a gold-sulfide-quartz technological type. Previous studies have shown that most of the gold is associated with sulfide minerals, mainly pyrite. The gold content in the ore varies from 0.5 to 10 g / t and averages 2.7 g / t. Against the background of uniform sulfide mineralization (0.4-1.0%), enriched areas are observed where the sulfide content rises to 1.5-2.0% or more. The thickness of veins and other pyrite formations ranges from fractions of a millimeter to several centimeters. The gold content in pyrite ranges from the first grams per ton to several hundred. The chemical composition of the ores differs little from the composition of the host rocks (Buryak V.Α., Khmelevskaya Η.M. Sukhoi Log - one of the largest gold ore deposits in the world (genesis, patterns of mineralization, forecasting criteria). - Vladivostok, Dalnauka, 1997, 156 s. .) /one/.

The main part of pyrite is represented by heterogeneous crystalline intergrowths and aggregative clusters with grain sizes from the first tenths to 5-7 mm. The most gold-bearing are relatively large (0.7-2 cm) quartz-pyrite veins. Quartz associated with pyrite is not a gold concentrator, but its development in the composition of pyrite precipitates is a sign of increased gold content. Ore-bearing rocks are represented by dark gray carbonaceous silt shales (Gold Mining Industry Magazine No. 5 (35) -09) / 2 /.

It is known that in gold-quartz and gold-sulfide-quartz ores gold is represented by its native form and is concentrated in the interstices of quartz aggregates and in sulfides. The total content of sulfides in the form of mainly pyrite and arsenopyrite does not exceed 2-3%. The thickness of quartz veins, with which sulfides and native gold are associated, ranges from 2 to 20 mm (Sharov G.N. et al. Technology for the extraction of precious metals from ores from deposits of the main geological and industrial types. Book 2. Moscow-Kemerovo, 2002) / 3 /.

Gold extraction technology usually involves gravitational extraction of the largest gold and cyanidation of the tails of gravity concentration followed by extraction of gold from the cyanide solution by cementation on zinc dust or sorption on activated carbon (Khabirov V.V. et al. Advanced technologies for the extraction and processing of gold-containing raw materials. - M .: Nedra, 1994, p. 36-37, 55, 68-70, 77) / 4 /. The disadvantages of this technology are the need for energy and resource-intensive fine grinding of the whole ore mass and its full involvement in cyanide processes with a correspondingly large "front" of reaction equipment for the cyanide process itself and for the processes of thickening and neutralizing pulps from residual cyanide, which is for large-scale enterprises processing low grade ores of gold in difficult geographic and economic conditions will be unprofitable.

A known method of beneficiation of gold ore from the Sukhoi Log deposit (RU No. 2137549, IPC V03V 7/00, 9/00. Publish. 09/20/1999) / 5 /, which consists in the fact that the original gold ore with a grain size of -400 mm enters the first stage of crushing to a particle size of less than 100 mm in a cone crusher. From the crusher, belt conveyors crushed material is fed for screening according to the size class of 30 mm. The size class +30 mm is completed on the second cone crusher, the crushed material of which is fed to the same screen with the same belt conveyor. Material with a particle size of less than 30 mm from the screen comes to grinding in roller mills (roller presses).

The crushed ore is conditioned with the addition of water and fed to the screen in the form of pulp, where it is screened according to the size class of 0.5 mm. Coarseness material of less than 0.5 mm is classified in hydrocyclones to produce sand and discharge, which are enriched separately. Material with a particle size of more than 0.5 mm is returned to the roller press. The hydrocyclone sands are sent for main enrichment to CVD-32 brand Nelson concentrators with a 32-inch rotor diameter to produce two concentrates and tails.

The concentrates of the main enrichment are subjected to two cleanings: the first in Nelson concentrators CD-48, and then in the Nelson STS-20 centrifugal concentrators, as a result of which a concentrate is sent for refinement and tailings. Tails are ground in a closed cycle with hydrocyclones. The discharge of hydrocyclones with a particle size of less than 0.074 mm is sent for enrichment to Nelson concentrators CD-48, the concentrate of which is sent for refinement.

The discharge of hydrocyclones of the classification of material with a particle size of -0.5 mm is fed into a plate thickener, the discharge of which is removed to the dump. After dewatering in plate thickeners, the sands are enriched in Nelson concentrators CD-48 (main enrichment) and a concentrate is obtained, which is also sent for cleaning in Nelson STS-20 centrifugal concentrators, resulting in a concentrate for finishing and tailings.

Before concentrating, all concentrates are refined in a mill operating in a closed cycle with additional hydrocyclones classifying the material by particle size class 0.074 mm. The discharge of additional hydrocyclones with a particle size of -0.074 mm and the concentrate obtained after enrichment of the tailings of the first treatment of the concentrate of the main enrichment of the sands of hydrocyclones of the classification of material with a particle size of less than 0.5 mm are fed to the finishing process, which is carried out in centrifugal concentrators Nelson STS-20 to obtain a rough finishing concentrate directed on cyanidation.

The main disadvantages of this known method are that the entire enrichment scheme is based on the hardware-developed costly capital and operational costs and low-efficiency for the extraction of medium and finely dispersed gold centrifugal enrichment method using Knelson concentrators and hydrocyclones as the only enrichment devices. In this case, the tails of the main stage of centrifugal enrichment are sent to the discharge without any control enrichment, and the concentrates are fed to multistage purification and control purification in the same centrifugal manner with the direction of the tailings of the control purification to discharge. It is quite obvious that such a hardware-technological scheme aimed at obtaining only rich gravity concentrate, using only one single centrifugal enrichment method, will not provide high recovery rates of all polydispersed gold, especially thin and very thin, and will also be characterized by high capital and operational production costs. Positive this known method is characterized by an attempt to reduce costs and optimize the size of the crushed product through the use of roller presses as the only grinding apparatus in the scheme. However, these devices in their work are negatively characterized by a very high sensitivity to the moisture content of the initial ore supplied to grinding in these devices, with a very narrow permissible interval of its fluctuations, which, as a result, leads to significant instability of the operation of the entire hardware and technological scheme for ore processing. To mitigate this drawback, very high capital and operating costs will be required to eliminate the factor of snow and rain and technological overmoistening of the ore both at the mining stage of the quarry and during ore crushing operations and its interoperational transportation and storage.

A known method of beneficiation of poor gold-quartz and gold-sulfide-quartz ores localized in black shale rocks (RU No. 2294800, IPC V03B 7/00, published 10.03.2007) / 6 /, which includes crushing ore in a jaw crusher, the first screening, finishing , second screening, classification of the under-sieve product in hydrocyclones, third screening and centrifugal concentration. In the process of the first screening, material with a particle size of -200 + 100, -100 + 50, -50 + 25 and -25 mm is isolated. Classes -200 + 100, -100 + 50, -50 + 25 mm are subjected to separate optical sorting with the selection of pieces having quartz inclusions of the type of pigmatite veins and / or rims of magnesian-ferrous carbonate with a linear size exceeding 2 mm into a concentrate. The obtained optical sorting concentrate is refined and subjected to second screening sequentially on screens with a sieve size of 5 mm and 1.5 mm, while the oversize product with a grain size of +5 mm is subjected to complete refinement in a closed cycle in a rotary crusher, and the under-sieve product is enriched in centrifugal Nelson concentrators. Moreover, material with a grain size of -1.5 mm is enriched in the first concentrator, the tails of which are subjected to third screening on a screen with a sieve size of 0.5 mm, and the under-sieve product of -0.5 mm is fed to the inlet of the second concentrator. The tails of the second concentrator are classified in hydrocyclones, the sands of which are enriched in the third concentrator, the tails of which are combined with the oversize products of the second +1.5 mm and third +0.5 mm screening, subjected to selective grinding and fed to the inlet of the first concentrator. In this case, the concentrate of the first, second and third concentrators are combined for subsequent cyanidation. The material obtained in the course of the first screening with a particle size of -25 mm is fed for finishing to a rotary crusher. The hydrocyclone discharge pulp is subjected to ultrasonic treatment in a rotary pulsation apparatus in a single-load mode and sent to screw separators, and the separated concentrate is combined with the concentrate of the first, second and third concentrators. Selective grinding is carried out in centrifugal impact mills.

In this known method, the task of increasing the efficiency of beneficiation of poor and off-balance gold-quartz and gold-quartz-sulfide ores is solved by applying the well-known complex multi-productive and expensive methods for preliminary sorting of ores with the inevitable loss of part of the gold potentially extracted by traditional methods with preliminary ore sorting tails. At the same time, the task of increasing gold recovery is solved at the stage of gravitational enrichment of the preliminary ore sorting concentrate through the use of a complex transport-branched multi-stage and multi-cycle mill with a mill for the regrinding of intermediate products of the centrifugal beneficiation scheme as the main method of gold concentration using expensive and energy-intensive Nelson concentrators and with additional use ultrasonic treatment of pulp of finely divided centrifugal tailings of primary enrichment and the subsequent separation of gold-containing concentrate from it on screw separators. The analysis of this scheme does not allow us to agree with the authors of the well-known invention in the success of solving the task to increase the efficiency of beneficiation of poor and off-balance gold-bearing ores, in modern world practice of gold mining, methods of preliminary piecewise sorting of ores have not found wide application and so far have only the status of promising methods, and the possibility of achieving a sufficiently complete extraction of gold from the considered type of ores due to the use of exclusively gravity concentration methods in the beneficiation scheme is not confirmed by the results of real production practice .

A known method of beneficiation of gold-bearing ore (RU No. 2211730, IPC V03V 7/00, 9/00. Publish. 09/10/2003) / 7 /, including crushing ore, screening of crushed ore, classification of the under-sieve product in hydrocyclones to obtain sand and drain, under-sieve Before classification in hydrocyclones, the product is reduced to a particle size of -1 mm, before centrifugal enrichment, material with a grain size of +0.8 mm is separated from them, before thickening the discharge, sand is released from it in preliminary hydrocyclones and subjected to additional centrifugal enrichment moreover, the tailings of centrifugal sand dressing and the tailings of additional centrifugal dressing are sent for grinding, separating them from the hydroclones by additional classification, directed to thickening together with the preliminary separation drain in hydrocyclones, while grinding is carried out together with the material with a grain size of +0.8 mm, and the crushed product is returned to the classification of the under-sieve product in hydrocyclones.

In this known method, the enrichment flow chart provides for the use of hydrocyclones as primary enrichment apparatuses responsible for the completeness of gold recovery, and centrifugal concentrators as purifiers for primary enrichment concentrates in hydrocyclones and as control apparatuses for collecting fine gold from hydrocyclone plums, for which, as industrial practice of their application on finely ground products has shown, they are characterized by very low efficiency and not are suitable.

In addition, the use of a high-pressure press-roll crusher as the main grinding unit, which is very sensitive to the moisture content of the material entering it, and with a very narrow permissible fluctuation interval of this parameter, will not ensure the stable operation of the entire technological scheme during its practical implementation or will require large capital and operating costs to exclude waterlogging of the material in all ore preparation operations, including ore mining in a quarry or mine. The entire hardware-technological scheme of this known method is characterized by high complexity, multi-operation, high cyclicality and energy intensity, high cost of the main equipment and, together with the above-mentioned technological shortcomings, will not allow technically and economically efficient processing of low-grade gold-bearing ores of large-scale deposits.

A known complex for processing gold-bearing ores (RU No. 2155640, MPK V03V 7/00, 9/00. Publ. 10.09.2000) / 8 /, including a crushing module, a grinding module and a centrifugal module, installed along the process and connected by vehicles enrichment made from centrifugal apparatuses of the main and control enrichment. The complex is equipped with at least one short-cone hydrocyclone. The centrifugal apparatuses of the main enrichment are respectively communicated one with sand and the other through a hydrocyclone of the main enrichment with a drain pipe of a short-cone hydrocyclone. The centrifugal control enrichment apparatus is connected with devices for removing the tailings of centrifugal main enrichment apparatuses through a hydrocyclone of control enrichment and a battery of hydrocyclones of control enrichment, a sand pipe of a hydrocyclone of control enrichment with a mill of a grinding module.

A known complex for processing gold-bearing ores (RU No. 2137550, MPK V03V 9/00. Publish. 09/20/1999) / 9 /, including a crushing module, a grinding module and a centrifugal beneficiation module installed along the technological process and connected by vehicles, is made of centrifugal apparatus of the main and control enrichment. The complex is equipped with at least one short-cone hydrocyclone. The centrifugal apparatuses of the main enrichment are respectively communicated one with the sand and the other with the discharge pipes of the short-cone hydrocyclone through the corresponding screen and hydrocyclone of the main enrichment. The centrifugal control enrichment apparatus is in communication with devices for removing the tailings of centrifugal main enrichment apparatuses through hydrocyclones of the control enrichment and plate thickener.

The disadvantage of the above complexes / 8 /, / 9 / is that in these complexes the technological enrichment scheme is similar to that considered (RU No. 2211730, IPC V03V 7/00, 9/00. Publ. 10.09.2003) / 7 / provides for the use of hydrocyclones as primary enrichment apparatuses responsible for the completeness of gold extraction, and centrifugal concentrators as purification apparatuses for primary enrichment concentrates in hydrocyclones and as control apparatus for collecting fine gold from plums of primary enrichment hydrocyclones, for which But, as industrial practice of their application on finely ground products has shown, they are characterized by very low efficiency. The entire hardware and technological scheme of these known complexes is characterized by high complexity, multioperation, high cyclicity and energy intensity, high cost of the main equipment and, together with the above technological shortcomings, will not allow technically and economically efficient processing of low-grade gold-bearing ores of large-scale deposits.

A known complex for processing gold-bearing ores (RU No. 2149695, MPK V03V 7/00, 9/00. Publ. 27.05.2000) / 10 /, including a crushing module, a grinding module, a gravity module and a lapping module, connected together in series by vehicles. The grinding module is made in the form of a ball mill and jigging classification machine installed at the outlet of the crushed product from the mill, and connected in a closed loop by at least one classification apparatus and gravity module.

The disadvantage of this complex is that the gravity module with its intermediate product of the main centrifugal enrichment of the under-sieve product of jigging and classification machines is closed through the classifier by a sand nozzle with a ball mill, which will lead to the circulation of gold in it, not caught by the centrifugal method in the main operation of centrifugal enrichment due to the low gravitational quality, with its inevitable regrinding and, consequently, further loss of gravitational quality, and with a drain pipe - from the center reliable concentrator of control enrichment. That is, an attempt is made to isolate gold by the centrifugal method at the control stage of enrichment, which was not isolated by exactly the same method and the same according to the principle of operation of the apparatus at the main stage of enrichment, but after its preliminary grinding in a ball mill, which, of course, in the practical implementation of this inventions will not achieve the desired result. In addition, finishing products on the concentration tables of the finishing module of concentrates of centrifugal concentrators of the main and control enrichment containing gold of insufficient gravitational quality to separate it into the final concentrate (“gold head”) are also sent to the grinding cycle of the initial ore, which will cause the transfer of part of the gold to discharge of a hydrocyclone. As already mentioned above, the industrial testing of centrifugal concentrators on finely divided products, which are drains of hydrocyclones and spiral classifiers, showed their extreme inefficiency, in contrast to the results shown by laboratory models of these devices. Therefore, the industrial implementation of this well-known complex will not allow to obtain high technological results for the extraction of gold.

A known complex for processing gold-bearing ores (RU No. 2055643, MPK V03V 7/00, publ. 10.03.96) / 11 /, including a crushing module, a grinding module, a gravity module and a lapping module, installed along the technological process and connected by vehicles , in fact, different from the above complex of processing gold-bearing ores (RU No. 2149695) / 10 / only in that the crushed ball mill product is sent not to a jigging-classification machine, but to an arc screen, which sieve product go back to the mill, and the under-sieve product is sent to the main enrichment in centrifugal concentrators, and, accordingly, is characterized by the same disadvantages as in / 10 /.

The well-known complex of processing gold-bearing ores (RU №2123891, MPK V03V 7/00, publ. 10.03.96) / 12 / according to the technological enrichment scheme is similar to the complexes / 10 /, / 11 / discussed above, except that the crushed ball mill product is supplied not on a jigging-classification machine or an arc screen, but on an inertial screen, which, for the full extraction of gold or to reduce the cost of its production, has no fundamental influence, and, accordingly, is characterized by the same drawbacks as in / 10 / and in / 11 /.

Known ore dressing mobile modular complex (RU No. 2185889, MPK V03V 7/00, 9/00. Publ. 10.03.2002) / 13 / for processing gold-bearing ores, mainly small deposits or ore occurrences, consisting of a module that includes a preliminary grate screening, two-rotor inertial crusher, operating in the mode of refinement class -350 + 100 mm, a crusher combined impact for fine crushing, a centrifugal counter impact shredder for main grinding, characterized in that the complex it is additionally equipped with an enrichment module consisting of two centrifugal separators of the Knelson type for the main and control enrichment, connected to each other according to the technological scheme with a spiral classifier and a ball mill, which form a cycle of regrinding of granular products, where the tail products are released with the classifier draining.

The disadvantage of this invention is similar to the above known complex processing of gold ores (RU No. 2149695, IPC B03B 7/00, 9/00. Publ. 27.05.2000) / 10 / and consists in installing a centrifugal concentrator as a control operation for the separation of gold from the tailings of the operation main enrichment of gold, after their preliminary ball grinding and, therefore, the inevitable deterioration of the gravitational quality of gold, which is also carried out by centrifugal separation and the same apparatus, which, of course, is not about provides high gold recovery at high load on the centrifugal apparatus. And in conjunction with the use of complex and inefficient apparatuses for crushing and grinding the initial ore, the use of this complex can only be considered for processing small deposits and ore occurrences, as indicated in the description of the invention.

Known mobile ore dressing complex "Caravan Mill" for processing ores of small deposits (Small-scalegoldprocessingplants, Mining Magazine, 1987, May, p. 419) / 14 /, in which the crushing module, grinding module, connected to each other by vehicles, are installed , gravity module, flotation module, cyanide module and gold deposition module.

The crushing module includes a jaw crusher with one expansion plate and an inlet of 750x250 mm and two Hidrocone 200 crushers operating in a closed cycle with a vibrating screen of 4200 × 1800 mm with a double deck. The crushing module provides crushing of ore with a particle size of 450 mm to minus 8 mm at a productivity of 250 t / h.

The grinding module includes a SAL A SSR ball mill with a size of 1800 × 3600 mm, operating in a closed cycle with a hydrocyclone and a gravity module, and provides crushing of crushed ore in one stage to a particle size of approximately 85% of the minus 210 micron class.

The gravity module, fed by the sands of the hydrocyclone of the grinding module, consists of two screw separators 12 + 1 MDL-LQ-7 for the extraction of native gold and a concentration table DeisterNo 15S for refining, provides a concentrate containing 60% gold. The tailings of the screw separators and the concentration table are returned to the ball mill in the form of a circulating load.

The flotation module designed to extract fine gold and gold associated with sulfides from the discharge of the hydrocyclone of the grinding module includes four Sala AS 0.6-2 flotation machines for main flotation and four Sala 0.08-2 flotation machines for control flotation.

A flotation concentrate with or without gravity concentrate is fed to the cyanidation module and then to the Merill-Crowe gold deposition module.

The closest is the refining line of refractory gold-bearing ores (RU No. 2100090, MPK V03V 7/00, 9/00. Publ. 12/27/1997) / 15 /, which contains the ore preparation module, gravity concentration module, flotation concentration module and flotation gravity refinement module concentrate installed during the process and interconnected by means of transporting pulp.

The ore preparation module is designed for two-stage grinding of ore and is made, for example, in the form of a self-grinding mill, a ball mill, a spiral classifier, with the self-grinding mill installed on the original ore, the ball mill on the sands of the gravity tail and connected to the spiral classifier in a closed grinding cycle.

The gravity concentration module is designed to extract large gold into a gravity concentrate in case of uneven dissemination of the initial ore and is made, for example, in the form of a jigging machine and a concentration table, and the jigging machine is installed with the possibility of entering the crushed product of a self-grinding mill, the concentration table is installed with the possibility of receipt on it there is an undergrate product of the jigging machine, while the jigging machine and the concentration table are connected to a spiral classifier by means of transportation of the oversize product of the jigging machine and the tailings of the concentration table, respectively.

The flotation concentration module is designed to extract dispersed and finely dispersed gold into a flotation concentrate. The flotation concentrate gravity lapping module is designed to improve the quality of flotation concentrate due to the withdrawal of arsenopyrite and carbonaceous-sludge components into the corresponding products.

The known line / 15 /, despite the fact that it has a specific task, different from the task of the claimed invention, and the complex / 14 / differ from the known methods / 5-7 / and known lines / 8-13 / in that they have in their composition flotation modules and can be considered as closest to the claimed invention. Their common drawback is that the crushed flotation food product is classified according to the finished size class with the use of hydrocyclones or spiral classifiers in a closed cycle with mills, which use the hydraulic particle size of solid mineral particles in their work as a separation feature, which leads to the inevitable overgrinding of free gold and , in combination with ball mills, to high sludging of ore-bearing mineral forms, which is especially characteristic of shale ores and is not suitable dit for their processing. It is known that for the flotation process to proceed successfully with sufficient speed and selectivity, it is necessary to achieve the optimal particle size distribution of the floated material. Flotation is best carried out at a certain average particle size. The presence of thin sludge in the pulp usually worsens flotation, reduces its speed and selectivity, causes an increase in reagent consumption (V. A. Glembotsky, V. I. Klassen. Flotation enrichment methods - M .: Nedra - 1981. - S. 238-250) /16/. In addition, it is known from the authors' own production experience that overgrown free gold is floated very poorly.

In the proposed complex, a mill is used, which allows you to clearly control the grinding process, and hydrocyclones and spiral classifiers that use the principle of separation by hydraulic size are not used. In the inventive complex, a screen is used that separates the material according to geometric size.

The objective of the invention is to increase the extraction of gold and reduce capital and operating costs in the processing of low-grade gold ores.

The problem is solved in that in the inventive complex for processing gold-bearing ores of deposits of shale formation of the Sukholozhsky type, including vehicles connected to each other during the technological process, the initial ore crushing module, grinding and gravity module, flotation module and metallurgical module, while grinding and gravity the module is made in the form of a drum-roller mill for grinding ore in the form of a solid-liquid pulp or in a dry state, with its load connected with the crushing module, and with its unloading device connected with the jigging machine, which with its unloading device of the under-sieve product - gravity concentrate - is connected with the metallurgical module, and the unloading device of the sieve product is connected with the screen, and the unloading device of the sieve product of the screen is connected with the loading device a drum-roller mill in a closed loop, and the unloading device of the under-sieve screen product with a flotation module, the flotation module is made in the form of a cascade of flotation machines operating in an open or closed cycle of flotation concentrate production, and its flotation concentrate unloading device is connected to the metallurgical module, and the flotation tail unloading device is connected to the flotation tailings thickener and / or tailing dump;

in addition, the complex additionally includes auxiliary devices for decontamination, thickening and conditioning of the pulp.

Due to the fact that the grinding and gravity module is made in the form of a drum-roller mill, with its loading device connected to the crushing module, and its unloading device connected with the jigging machine, which in turn is connected with the metallurgical module with its unloading device of the under-sieve product (gravity concentrate) , and the unloading device of the oversize product is connected with a roar, the unloading device of the oversize product of which is connected in a closed circuit with the loading a drum-roller mill device, and a sub-sieve product unloading device with a flotation module, while the screen used separates the material by geometrical size, which in combination allows to increase gold recovery and lower capital and operating costs when processing low-grade gold ores by using complex hardware - technological scheme, according to purpose, type, composition of equipment and technological interconnection of modules and operations corresponding to a typical mor ologii gold and structural and textural features of ore shale formation with disseminated and vein-disseminated gold-quartz and gold-sulphide-quartz mineralization, including Sukholozhskoye geological and genetic and technological type.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the crushing of the initial ore in the crushing module is carried out to a particle size that meets the technical requirements of the selected size of the drum-roll mill.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the crushing module can use crushers both stationary and / or mobile placement, and combinations thereof.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the crushing module includes, for example, a set of necessary equipment for performing preliminary piecewise ore sorting operations, if such expediency is shown by the results of industrial tests during the period of already existing production.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the drum-roller mill can be used both in the "wet" version for grinding material in a solid-liquid pulp and in the "dry" version for grinding crushed ore in a dry-flowing state.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the flotation module is, for example, a cascade of flotation machines operating in an open or closed cycle of flotation concentrate production, with its flotation concentrate unloading device connected to the metallurgical module, and flotation tail unloading device connected to the flotation tailings thickener and / or tailing dump .

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the optimal size of the ore grinding in the feed of the depositing machine for the purpose of the maximum possible separation of free large gold and sulfide minerals into the gravity concentrate and the lower boundary of the grinding fineness, sufficient to reveal interstitial gold, but excluding the formation of a significant amount of slurry in the crushed ore fractions and their supply to the flotation power, reach by changing the adjustable operating parameters of the drum-roller mill, and the upper g ANRITSU flotation fineness of grinding power sufficient to expand the thin gold and gold free from gangue sulfides, but excluding food intake neflotiruemyh flotation due to the large grain size of sulphide minerals is achieved by selecting the optimal size sieve screen apertures.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that in some cases, when processing any specific ores of deposits of the class in question, the flotation module for the control enrichment of flotation tailings can, for example, additionally contain centrifugal concentration apparatuses with continuous and / or periodic unloading of concentrate, which is sent to the metallurgical module and the centrifugal concentrator itself in this case is connected by its loading device to the unloading device of the flotation tailings ayuschey flotation line of flotation, and their unloader centrifugal mill tailings associated with the loading device flotation tailings thickener and / or tailings.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the metallurgical module, processing gravity and flotation concentrates, is a line or lines of concentrating, pyro- and hydrometallurgical and auxiliary apparatuses, working on the basis of well-known techniques and methods for grinding, fine-tuning concentrates and metallurgical separation of gold, but combined into a technological scheme or schemes with a complete and complete, completely isolated by industrial products processing from the crushing module, grinding -gravitatsionnogo flotation module and the module processing cycle to obtain a ligature or refined gold (silver), waste tailings sent to waste and / or waste tailings conventionally allocated for storage in spetsotval.

The inventive complex is illustrated in FIG. 1, which shows a hardware-technological diagram of a complex for processing gold-bearing ores from deposits of a shale formation of the Sukholozh type.

The complex according to the modular hardware-technological scheme of FIG. 1 includes interconnected during the technological process vehicles and, if necessary, auxiliary thickening and conditioning pulp crushing module 1, grinding and gravity module 2, flotation module 3 and metallurgical module 4.

The crushing module includes known devices for large and medium ore crushing, for example, both stationary and mobile type of placement, and may also include, for example, known devices for preliminary piecewise ore sorting.

The grinding and gravity module 2 includes a drum-roller mill 5, a jigging machine 6 and a screen 7.

Flotation module 3 includes a cascade of flotation machines 8 with contact tanks, necessary for the number of devices, connected to each other according to a certain scheme, and may additionally include, for example, well-known centrifugal gravity concentration devices 9 with continuous and / or periodic unloading of concentrate for control enrichment flotation tails.

The metallurgical module 4 includes known grinding apparatuses, for example, ball mills, centrifugal enrichment and concentrate refining apparatuses, Knelson centrifugal concentrators and concentration tables, apparatus for intensive cyanidation of concentrates, for example ACACIA and / or GEKKO, and / or a cascade of reactors for intensive cyanization concentrates, cascades of reactors for sorption leaching of gold from concentrates and intermediate products, metallurgical furnaces for smelting ligature gold and others, including devices for gold and silver refining technologies, apparatuses, cascades of reactors or kilns for oxidation of sulfide minerals of concentrates before gold leaching operations.

The work of the complex is as follows.

The initial gold-bearing ore of the open and / or underground mining method enters the crushing module 1, where it undergoes one- or two-stage crushing on stationary and / or mobile type crushers, with or without preliminary ore sorting apparatus. The final size of the crushed product is determined depending on the input technical requirements for the size of the mill grinding and gravity module. The type of placement of crushers - in stationary and / or mobile form - is determined by the project of the enterprise and depends on the stage of its implementation.

Crushed initial ore and / or crushed concentrate of preliminary ore sorting enters the grinding and gravity module 2 for grinding into a drum-roller mill 5, which can be used both in the “wet” version for grinding material in solid-liquid pulp and in dry ”version for grinding crushed ore in a dry-loose state. Next, the crushed ore is fed to gravity processing in a depositing machine 6, the under-sieve product (gravity concentrate) of which is sent to the metallurgical module 4, and the over-sieve product is sent for classification into a screen 7. The over-screen product of a screen 7 is sent to regrinding in a drum-roller mill 5, and the under-sieve product is sent to the flotation module 3 to the cascade of flotation machines 8 operating in an open or closed cycle of production of flotation concentrate.

The design of the complex, which includes various equipment modules, allows to reduce capital costs and operating costs due to the use of a gravity dressing machine as the main apparatus, a screening device as a classifying device, and due to the use of a drum-roller mill as the only type of grinding machine, which is characterized in that:

- a drum-roller mill carries out the process of grinding the material both in the dry (dry-flowing) state and in the wet (solid-liquid pulp) state, which mainly consists in pressing a certain estimated number of times of crushed material passing at a calculated speed between a drum rotating at a supercritical speed of rotation and an internal pressure roll rotating in the same direction as the drum;

- a predetermined path of the crushed material inside the mill is created by the required rotational speed of the drum and an internal removable distribution device;

- the drum-roller mill operates on the principle that the working body (roll) acts on each particle for an estimated number of times and with a certain force, which, when grinding a specific material to a given granulometry zone, are selected by the optimal number of passes under the roller and compression force;

- the energy supplied to the mill, commensurate in magnitude with the task of destroying this material, is transmitted along the line of contact of the drum and the roll through the milled material, which minimizes idle energy costs;

- the use of a drum-roller mill as a part of gold mining factories allows to significantly (approximately double) reduce the cost and construction time, the cost of grinding, makes it possible to carry out simple and reliable automated control of a rather complex grinding process.

The operation parameters of the grinding and gravity module apparatus are adjusted in such a way that the optimum size of ore grinding in the feed of the depositing machine 6 is for the purpose of the maximum possible separation of free large gold and sulfide minerals into the gravity concentrate and the lower boundary of the grinding fineness, sufficient to reveal interstitial gold, but excluding the formation of a significant amount of sludge fractions in the crushed ore and their entry into the flotation feed is achieved by changing the regulated the operating parameters of the drum-roller mill 5, and the upper limit of the fineness of grinding the flotation supply, sufficient to reveal thin free gold and gold-containing sulfides from waste rock, but excluding the intake of flotation not floated due to the large grain size of sulfide minerals, is achieved by selecting the optimal size of the sieve openings screen 7.

The flotation concentrate enters the metallurgical module 4, and the flotation tailings from the closing apparatus of the cascade of flotation machines 8 are sent directly or through an intermediate thickener (not shown) to the tailing dump.

In some cases, during the processing of any specific ores of deposits of the considered class, flotation tailings from the closure apparatus of the cascade of flotation machines 8 can be sent for control enrichment to centrifugal concentrators 9 with continuous and / or periodic unloading of the concentrate. In this case, the gravity concentration tailings of the flotation tailings are sent directly or through an intermediate thickener (not shown) to the tailing dump, and the gravity concentrate enters the metallurgical module 4. The need for this operation for each specific ore object is determined by pre-design laboratory and pilot industrial tests and is confirmed by carrying out commissioning work at the enterprise under construction.

In the metallurgical module 4, the under-sieve product of the jigging machine 6, the flotation concentrate of the cascade of flotation machines 8 and the gravity concentrate of centrifugal concentrators 9 (if applicable), for example, are processed together or separately on the line or lines of beneficiation, pyro- and hydrometallurgical and auxiliary devices operating on the basis of well-known techniques and methods of grinding, fine-tuning concentrates and metallurgical separation of gold, but combined into a technological scheme or scheme with full and law with a processing cycle completely isolated from the processing products from the crushing module, the grinding and gravity module and the flotation module, to obtain ligature or refined gold (silver), waste tails sent to the dump, and / or conditionally dump tails sent for storage to the special dump . For example, a gravity concentrate or concentrates in a metallurgical module can be processed separately from the flotation concentrate to obtain a “gold head” on the concentration tables and melt it to ligature gold, or to obtain richer concentrates in centrifugal concentrators and process them according to the known methods of intensive cyanization, and concentration products tables or centrifugal concentrators processed together with flotation concentrate sorption leaching of gold from preliminary m grinding up. Or, for example, gravity and flotation concentrates can be liquefied together in centrifugal concentrators to obtain richer concentrates and processed using known intensive cyanidation methods, and the industrial product of centrifugal concentrators can be processed by sorption leaching of gold with preliminary grinding. Or, for example, gravity and flotation concentrate can be processed together, without any additional refinement, by sorption leaching of gold with preliminary regrinding. Or, for example, gravity and flotation concentrates can be processed together, with or without any additional refinement, with preliminary regrinding and preliminary oxidation of gold sulfide minerals, for example, in a cascade of biological oxidation reactors, or, for example, in autoclaves, or, for example, in furnaces oxidative or sulfatizing roasting, or, for example, in liquid-phase oxidation reactors with oxygen supplied to the pulp, followed by sorption leaching of gold from the product ceiling elements oxidation. Other combinations of known techniques and methods are possible, but in any case, they exclude the return of any gold-containing by-products of processing to the crushing, grinding, gravity and flotation modules of the complex.

The advantage of the claimed complex is as follows:

1. The design of the complex, which includes various modules of equipment, allows to reduce capital costs and operating costs due to the fact that the ore mass is crushed in a drum-roller mill with classification of the grinding product on the basis of the necessary geometric particle size using screening machines to achieve an acceptable degree of disclosure of gold and gold-containing sulfide minerals with the largest possible grinding size necessary and sufficient for the effective implementation of flotation process, which excludes the formation of a significant amount of sludge fractions, which is especially important for soft sedimentary rocks of deposits of this type.

2. The design of the complex, which includes various equipment modules, allows to reduce capital costs and operating costs due to the use of a drum-roll mill, which in turn is characterized by the fact that:

- the design of the drum-roller mill has relatively small dimensions, its mechanical structure, components and parts are simple, the drive is gearless, there are practically no wearing grinding media, which provides a significant improvement in the reliability, maintainability, and durability;

- the design of the drum-roller mill significantly increases the quality of grinding due to the possibility of obtaining a given zone of particle size distribution of the grinding product;

- the design of a drum-roller mill, compared to traditional ball mills and mills of self-and semi-self-grinding, is characterized by a decrease in weight by 4-6 times, dimensions, specific energy consumption by 1.5-3 times, the absence of grinding media, high reliability indicators, low noise and the ability to grind material with any humidity.

3. The design of the complex, which includes various equipment modules, allows you to immediately quantitatively extract free gold and gold-containing sulfides into the gravity concentrate of jigging machines as they are needed and sufficiently disclosed when grinding the initial ore in drum-roller mills, the design of which allows you to easily change operating parameters and, thus, ensures the achievement of high gold recovery in the gravitational enrichment cycle.

4. The design of the complex, which includes various modules of equipment, allows to achieve high gold recovery in the enrichment cycle through the use of both gravitational and flotation enrichment methods.

5. The design of the complex, which includes various modules of the equipment, ensures high gold recovery due to the fact that the entire mass of the obtained gravity and flotation concentrate, with a total output from the ore, quantitatively corresponding to the sulfide content in the ore, without using any operations of refining is sent to the metallurgical the allocation of gold. Finishing operations for their re-enrichment, with the receipt of rich and poor industrial products for their more economically and technologically feasible metallurgical processing, is carried out only inside a closed metallurgical module without the return of any industrial products containing gold and sulfide minerals in the operation of grinding and concentration of ore mass.

6. The design of the complex, which includes various equipment modules, ensures high economic efficiency of processing gold-bearing ores of deposits of the Sukholozh type, located, in most cases, in remote regions with low energy, logistics and personnel qualification due to the fact that the crushing and grinding module the gravitational module in its composition is characterized by simplicity and low operational efficiency, with the minimum possible set of auxiliary and intermediate devices gates and mechanisms and do not contain in their composition in the main cycle of ore preparation and enrichment energy- and resource-intensive, complex and time-consuming maintenance of technological apparatuses, such as, for example, mills of self-and semi-self-grinding, ball mills, hydrocyclone plants, centrifugal gravity concentration machines, for example, like "Knelson".

7. The design of the complex, which includes various equipment modules, ensures high economic profitability of processing low-grade ores in terms of gold content without the use of preliminary piecewise ore sorting methods, but provides for their possible prospective application in order to obtain an additional economic effect.

8. The design of the complex significantly increases the quality of grinding due to the possibility of obtaining a given zone of particle size distribution of the grinding product.

Claims (2)

1. A complex for processing gold-bearing ores of deposits of shale formation of the Sukholozhsky type, including a module for crushing the initial ore, a grinding and gravity module, a flotation module and a metallurgical module, interconnected during the technological process with vehicles, while the grinding and gravity module is made in the form of a drum roller mill for grinding ore in the form of solid-liquid pulp or in a dry state, with its loading device associated with the crushing module, and with an unloading device associated with a jigging machine, which with its unloading device of an under-sieve product - gravity concentrate - is connected to a metallurgical module, and an unloading device of an over-sieve product is connected with a roar, and the unloading device of an over-sieve product of a screen is connected with a loading device of a drum-roll mill in a closed loop, and the unloading device of the under-screening product with a flotation module, while the flotation module is made in the form of a helmet Yes, flotation machines operating in an open or closed cycle of operating the flotation concentrate, and with their unloading device, the flotation concentrate is connected with the metallurgical module, and the unloading device of the flotation tailings is connected with the thickener of the flotation tailings and / or with the tailing dump. 2. The complex according to claim 1, which additionally includes auxiliary devices for de-slimming, thickening and conditioning the pulp.

Images