RU2412006C1 - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to crushing of materials. Proposed crusher comprises housing with cylindrical crushing chamber, material feed and crushed material discharge openings arranged at housing top and bottom, respectively. Bottom opening has screen and face covers closing crushing chamber on both sides. Crushing chamber houses drive and driven working tools with crushing teeth that make toothed gear. Drive working element is arranged coaxially in said cylindrical crushing chamber while drive working element is fitted off-center on the shaft at chamber bottom part. Drive working element represents a gear with external teeth. Gear shaft runs in two bearings, while drive working tool represents a hollow cylinder with openings running is roller bearings arranged in pairs on both sides of the cylinder, and has internal gearing teeth formed by lateral surfaces of adjacent openings made regularly along cylinder edges. ^ EFFECT: higher efficiency of crushing. ^ 4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for grinding materials, in particular mineral-organic raw materials, and may find application in feed mills.

A known disintegrator for grinding materials, including a cylindrical grinding chamber with covers and windows for loading and discharging material, in which disks with grinding elements are located opposite and eccentrically on the end surfaces forming an end gear (RF Patent No. 2149057 C1, priority date 02.02.1998 , publication date 05/20/2000, authors Titov V.A., Vasilenko N.V. et al.).

A disadvantage of the known disintegrator is the small length of the transmission teeth and, therefore, low material grinding performance.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a disintegrator, adopted as a prototype, containing a cylindrical grinding chamber with covers and windows for loading and removing material, located respectively above and below, in the lower of which a diaphragm with a hole is installed, in the grinding chamber, the leading and driven discs with grinding elements on the end surfaces forming the end gear, the disks are cantilevered on the shafts in the bearing units lids, while the driven disk is coaxially mounted in the grinding chamber, and the drive disk is eccentrically mounted in its lower part (RF Patent No. 2087194 C1, priority date 04/19/1993, publication date 08/20/1997, authors Titov V.A., Vasilenko N. .V. Et al., Prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low productivity of grinding material, due to the limitation of the length of the gear tooth, due to the cantilever arrangement of the disks with grinding elements, since an increase in the length of the latter leads to a significant increase in the load on the front bearings and is advisable to values of no more than 0.5-0.6 from the diameter of the drive disk.

The objective of the invention is to increase the performance of the grinder by increasing the length of the grinding elements.

To solve this problem, in a grinder containing a housing with a cylindrical grinding chamber, windows for loading material and product outlet, located respectively on the top and bottom of the housing, in the lower of which a grill is installed, and end caps covering the grinding chamber on both sides, in the grinding chamber leading and driven working elements with grinding teeth forming a gear drive are installed, the driven working element being coaxially mounted in a cylindrical grinding chamber, and the leading working the second element is eccentrically mounted in the lower part of the grinding chamber on the shaft, according to the invention, the leading working element is made in the form of a gear with external teeth, the gear shaft is installed in two bearing assemblies, and the driven working element is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with windows mounted on supporting rollers, installed in pairs on both sides of the cylinder, and is equipped with internal gear teeth formed by the side surfaces of adjacent windows that are uniformly made around the perimeter of the cylinder.

According to the invention, the driven working element is mounted on at least six support rollers located in the housing of the grinding chamber, while the axes of the lower pairs of rollers are installed in the housing, and the axes of the upper rollers are installed in the end caps and equipped with mechanisms for their clamping.

According to the invention, the chopper is additionally equipped with a base plate on which the housing of the grinding chamber and the bearings of the shaft bearing units spaced from it are mounted.

According to the invention, conical recesses are made on the inner ends of the covers.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the grinder; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 is a section bB in figure 2.

The chopper contains a housing 1 with a cylindrical grinding chamber 2, closed by end caps 3, 4. On top and bottom in the housing there are respectively a window 5 for loading material and a window 6 for outputting the product with a grill installed in it 7. A lead 8 and driven 9 working elements forming a gear transmission. The leading working element 8 is made in the form of a gear with external teeth 10 and is mounted on the shaft 11 eccentrically relative to the driven working element 9 in the lower part of the cylindrical grinding chamber 2. The driven working element 9 is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with windows 12 and is coaxially mounted in the grinding chamber 2. The hollow cylinder is provided with internal engagement teeth 13 formed by the side surfaces of adjacent windows 12, which are uniformly formed around the perimeter of the cylinder. The driven working element 9 is mounted on at least six support rollers 14 located in the housing of the grinding chamber. Two pairs of lower rollers are mounted on axles 15 installed in the housing, and a pair of upper rollers are mounted on axles 16 installed in end caps 3, 4, and equipped with mechanisms for their clamping 17, for example, by means of a spring screw. The housing 1 is mounted on a base plate 18, on which bearings 19 of the pinion shaft 11 of the gear shaft are also mounted, the bearings 19 being located on both sides of the housing with a gap between them and the housing. To expand the internal working volume, as well as improve the operation of the grinder, the conical recesses 20 are made on the inner ends of the covers 3, 4, which ensure rolling of the crushed material.

The chopper works as follows. The material loaded for grinding from the hopper (not shown conventionally) into the window 5 enters the grinding chamber 2 through the windows 12 in the driven element 9 and is loaded into the cavity formed by the cylindrical grinding chamber 2 and the walls of the window 12. When the leading working element 8 is mutually rotated and the driven working element 9, the gear tooth 10 enters the window 12 and closes the cavity formed by the cylindrical grinding chamber 2 and the walls of the window 12. At the same time, the material, being compressed and sheared, is crushed. The crushed material with further rotation falls into the lower part of the grinding chamber 2, where the finished product is discharged through the grill 7 from the grinder. Part of the crushed material can flow out of the cavity formed by the cylindrical grinding chamber 2 and the window 12 when the window 12 is closed with the tooth 10. The leaked part returns to the grinding chamber, reflected from the conical recesses 20 in the lids 3, 4, and again falls into the cavity, is crushed and taken out.

Compared to grinding machines based on the end gear, a grinder based on a gear train of internal gearing can provide 2–2.5 times greater productivity with the same overall dimensions.

Claims (4)

1. The chopper, comprising a housing with a cylindrical grinding chamber, windows for loading material and product discharge, located respectively on the top and bottom of the housing, in the lower of which a grill is installed, and end caps covering the grinding chamber on both sides, a leading and driven working elements with grinding teeth forming a gear train, moreover, the driven working element is coaxially mounted in a cylindrical grinding chamber, and the leading working element is eccentrically mounted flax in the lower part of the grinding chamber on the shaft, characterized in that the leading working element is made in the form of a gear with external teeth, the gear shaft is installed in two bearing assemblies, and the driven working element is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with windows mounted on supporting rollers, in pairs mounted on both sides of the cylinder, and is equipped with internal gear teeth formed by the side surfaces of adjacent windows that are uniformly made around the perimeter of the cylinder. 2. The chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the driven working element is mounted on at least six support rollers located in the housing of the grinding chamber, while the axes of the lower pairs of rollers are installed in the housing, and the axes of the upper rollers are installed in the end caps and equipped with mechanisms for their clamping. 3. The chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the chopper is additionally equipped with a base plate on which the housing of the grinding chamber and the bearings of the shaft bearing units spaced from it are mounted. 4. The chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the conical shaped recesses are made on the inner ends of the covers.

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