RU2338371C1 - Method of commercial growing european perch (perca fluviatilis linnaeus, 1785) in simulated conditions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method involves spawning of perch, incubation of roe, ageing of yolk sac fries and growing of larvae, growing of young fishes, underyearlings, yearlings, twoyearlings and two-year-old fishes. The spawners are placed into pools with water temperature equal to 13-15°C. Injections of surfagon are made at the rate of 1 ml/kg of fish weight, the perch spawning is carried out in fibreglass raceways 450 l of volume using spawning substrate - interwoven stems of the common reed Phragmites australis and polymer filament bundles. Twelve spawners are placed in one reservoir with relation male to female equal to 2:1, incubation of roe is carried out in aquariums with the density 3.5-4 million of grain roes per aquarium. Bands with roe grains are regularly shaken, the yolk sac fries and larvae are fed by egg yolk, dry mixed fodder and live fodders 6-7 times a day. Elder age groups are additionally fed by small pieces of big-eyed kilka Clupeonella macrophthalma, further the young fishes are grown up in the pools.

EFFECT: reducing period of growing up to marketable weight due to intensive feeding with artificial mixed fodders.

1 tbl

Description

The present invention relates to the field of fish farming, in particular to the cultivation of Eurasian perch in artificial conditions.

A known method of growing Eurasian perch extensively in polyculture with carp (see Kozlov V.I., Nikiforov-Nikishin A.L., Borodin A.L. Aquaculture. M .: MGUTU, 2004, 433 pp.). However, this method is not effective enough, because when growing perch in pond systems, the possibility of infection with helminths is not ruled out. The percentage of infection in most age categories of perch is 100. Worms, deeply penetrating the muscles of perch, spoil the commercial quality of fish, which leads to culling of fish raw materials and products. In addition, the growth rate of perch in pond systems is not high. Commercial perch (100-200 g) perch reaches only in the 3rd year. Currently, the population’s need for dietary fish products is increasing, which makes it necessary to reduce the time for growing perch while maintaining its marketable mass and high quality fillet.

The closest, in fact, is the method of keeping and artificially breeding Balkhash perch (Perca schrenki Kessler) under laboratory conditions (see article S. Galushchak “Status and prospects for the development of farm fish farming in the arid zone.” Abstracts of the international scientific conference (d .Azov, June 2006) / Editor-in-chief of the academician Matishov G.G., Rostov-on-Don: Publishing House of the UNSC RAS, 2006. 112 p.). However, there was a high death of producers in the pre-spawning and spawning periods. The application of the method of straining sex products from the Balkhash perch, as well as an attempt to carry out “natural spawning”, gave a low survival rate of eggs of 55% and lower. At all stages of the work, a rather high death rate and a large number of ugly individuals were noted. Also, the main goal was not achieved - obtaining perch commodity mass.

The technical task is to create a method for growing Eurasian river perch (Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758) from caviar to marketable mass in artificial conditions, with high fish-biological indicators.

The technical result is a reduction in growing time to marketable mass due to intensive feeding with artificial compound feeds, increasing fish-breeding and biological indicators and eliminating the possibility of infection with perch helminths.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of commercial cultivation of Eurasian river perch Perca fluviatilis in artificial conditions, it is characterized by the fact that it includes spawning of perch, incubation of eggs, keeping larvae and growing larvae, as well as growing juveniles, yearlings, yearlings, two year olds and two-year-olds, while the producers were placed in pools with a water temperature of 13-15 ° C, then they were injected with surphagon at the rate of 1 ml / kg of fish weight, perch was spawned in fiberglass trays about 450 l in volume using a spawning substrate - interwoven stems of common reed (Phragmites australis) and bundles of polymer filaments, 12 pcs were placed in one container. manufacturers in the ratio of males and females 2: 1, incubation of perch caviar was carried out in aquariums with a density of 3.5-4 million pcs. eggs on the aquarium, while the ribbons with eggs were regularly shaken, the feeding of larvae and larvae was made with egg yolk, dry feed and live food 6-7 times a day, and small pieces of big-eye sprat (Clupeonella macrophthalma) were added to older age groups, further rearing of juveniles was carried out in the pools.

Monitoring environmental conditions, using injections of surphagon (a synthetic analogue of the acetonated pituitary gland) to females and males of perch when receiving sexual products, creating optimal conditions for spawning and incubation of eggs, intensive feeding with artificial compound feeds make it possible to obtain viable offspring of Eurasian perch, followed by cultivation to marketable weight term - 2 years.

Example 1 of a specific implementation of the method.

The experiments on spawning of river perch and its further cultivation were carried out on the basis of the “Bioaquapark - Scientific and Technical Center for Aquaculture” of Astrakhan State Technical University. The party of river perch was caught at the end of March 2005 in the Beluzhia river of the Astrakhan region at a water temperature of 5-7 ° C. The fish was placed in the pools of the aquacomplex. The temperature of the water in the pools was maintained up to 11–13 ° C for favorable conditions for keeping the producers. For spawning, individuals were selected at the V stage of maturity, without injuries and mechanical damage and no visible signs of disease. Females and males were not fed during the pre-spawning period and during spawning.

In 2 trays, males and females were placed in a ratio of 2: 1, the number of females per 1 tray was 4 pieces. When the water temperature in the trays is 13-15 ° C for stable passage of spawning. An artificial substrate for spawning — tied reed stalks with a synthetic washcloth — was placed in the trays. Then the females were injected intramuscularly with Surfagon (at the rate of 1 ml / kg by weight of the fish). Females gave eggs 22-24 hours after the permit injection. On average, 200-300 thousand eggs were in one ribbon of a two-hundred-gram female; larger ones had much more. Caviar was re-fertilized semi-dry, and then placed on incubation in aquariums with a maximum density of eggs per 1 aquarium - 3.5-4 million pcs. The oxygen content in the incubation aquarium was 6.5-7 mg / l, pH 7.5-7.8.

A few hours after fertilization, the eggs were taken for analysis - uniform crushing was observed in the fertilized eggs. On the third day, at a temperature of 15-17 ° C, the first larvae began to hatch. Shaking the tape increased the yield of the larvae to 90%. The prelarvae were transplanted into the aquarium with clean water and aeration with a maximum density of planting of the prelarvae - 300 thousand per 1 aquarium and the water temperature in the aquarium - 18-20 ° C.

Hatched larvae had a length of 2.5-3.2 mm and a mass of 0.3-0.4 mg, a large yolk sac and a fat drop. One day after hatching, the length of the larva reached 4.7 mm, and the area of the yolk and fat droplet decreased. On day 4, the larvae were fed with egg yolk.

The juvenile Eurasian perch was transplanted into small trays with a flowing water supply system of 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.2 m. The juveniles were fed with small coarse dry compound feed OST-6 6-7 times a day, the feeding rate was calculated by eatability. Also daily, 2 times a day, saline Artemia nauplii were added to the trays, with the mass of larvae being 100-120 mg, chironomid larvae were added. The survival rate of juveniles was 85%.

Upon reaching juvenile river bass weighing over 400 mg at the age of 3 months, it was transplanted into flowing pools for growing. The average length of juveniles was 3-3.5 cm. Feeding was done with Aller-aqua dry feed, and at the age of 5 months small pieces of big-eye sprat were added to the diet. A sharp increase in the rate of weight and linear growth occurred with the beginning of feeding of juvenile Eurasian river perch with chironomid larvae (table).

Linear and weight growth of Eurasian river perch for the period of cultivation under artificial conditions in the period 2005-2007 Year Month Length cm Mass g one 2 3 four 2005 April 0.8 0.003 May 1,1 0,027 June 2.1 0.1 July 3.3 0.3 August 4.21 1.8 September 6.08 2,5 October 7.9 6.9 November 9.6 10.6 2006 January 11.5 17.5 February 11.8 26.0 March 12.0 32,0 April 12.6 48.0 May 13.3 61.3 June 14.7 74.8 July 15,2 86.1 August 16.1 89.6 2006 September 17.4 92.4 October 18.2 99.7 November 19.1 107,2 December 20.8 112.4 2007 January 23.0 126.6

Commercial perch in 126 g of river perch reached in a short time - 21 months of cultivation in artificial conditions and with intensive feeding. Meat perch during ichthyopathological examination was without any signs of infection with helminths.

This method allows for intensive feeding and monitoring of the environment to get marketable perch weighing 126 g for 20-21 months without helminth infections.

Information sources

1. Kozlov V.I., Nikiforov-Nikishin A.L., Borodin A.L. Aquaculture. M .: MGUTU, 2004, 433 p.

2. Galushchak S.S. “Status and development prospects of farm fish farming in the arid zone”: Abstracts of reports of an international scientific conference (Azov, June 2006) / Ans. ed. ac. Matishov G.G., Rostov-on-Don: Publishing House of the UNC RAS, 2006, 112 pp. (prototype).

Claims (1)

A method for commercial cultivation of Eurasian river perch Perca fluviatilis in artificial conditions, characterized in that it includes spawning of perch, incubation of eggs, keeping of larvae and growing of larvae, as well as rearing of juveniles, yearlings, yearlings, two-year-olds and two-year-olds, while the producers are placed in pools with a water temperature of 13-15 ° C, then they are injected with surphagon at the rate of 1 ml / kg of fish weight, spawning of perch is carried out in fiberglass trays with a volume of 450 l using spawning subs waste - interwoven stems of common reed Phragmites australis and bundles of polymer filaments, with 12 pieces placed in one container. producers in the ratio of males and females 2: 1, perch eggs are incubated in aquariums with a density of 3.5-4 million eggs per aquarium, in addition, ribbons with eggs are shaken regularly, feeding of larvae and larvae is carried out with egg yolk, dry compound feed and live food 6-7 times a day, and the older age groups add small pieces of big-eyed sprat Clupeonella macrophthalma, further rearing of juveniles is carried out in pools.