RU2327864C1 - Method for preparing ore bodies in deposits for leaching useful components - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to geotechnology and can be used in subterranean leaching the metals and ores, particularly to preparing ore bodies in deposit for leaching. The method includes the explosive loosening the ore deposits and supplying the process liquor. Explosion of the blast hole rings (11) is performed to shake the central solid of the ore body, and in the upper ore body, the peripheral perforations with branching cracks (10) are formed by pin-point explosion, to inject solutions.

EFFECT: invention provides even pattern sprinkling of the solid, even distribution of the leaching solution in its size at the minimal volume of preparatory first workings without ore shrinkage.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of geotechnology and can be used for underground leaching of metals and ores, in particular, to prepare ore bodies at the site of occurrence for leaching.

Known methods of underground leaching of metals [see Heap and underground leaching of metals. / G.D. Lisovsky, D.P. Lobanov, V.P. Nazarkin et al. / Ed. S.N. Voloshchuk. M .: Nedra, 1982, 113 pp.]. Arrays are prepared at the place of occurrence by explosive methods, achieving ore crushing. Crushed ore can be leached at the site of occurrence.

The closest method to the proposed one is the method disclosed in patent RU 2105876. The method of leaching metals involves the explosive opening of the ore deposit and the supply of technological solutions and electricity, while the leaching of metals is carried out when the direction of migration of the solutions and the electric current coincide with the direction of the bedding of the leached minerals.

The disadvantages of this technical solution include the carrying out of a large volume of preparatory and cutting operations in the underground space, the need to create a compensation space for ore storage in the block, the difficulty of ensuring uniform irrigation of the exploded ore mass over the entire area, the practical complexity of implementing the supply of solutions under pressure.

The objective of the invention is the explosive preparation of small ore bodies for leaching at the site of their occurrence, providing the possibility of uniform areal irrigation of the massif, uniform distribution of the leach solution in its volume with a minimum amount of preparatory cutting operations and without ore ore stacking.

The problem is solved by the method of preparing ore bodies at the site for leaching of useful components, including an explosive effect on the ore deposits and the supply of technological solution, in accordance with which an explosion is performed to open cracks in the central part of the ore body, without direct crushing and ore storing, and in the upper part of the ore body, directed explosions form perforation channels with branching cracks along the periphery of the channels for injection of solutions.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a diagram of the preparation of ore bodies for leaching at the site of occurrence.

The positions in the diagram indicate the following:

1 - drilling uprising;

2 - drilling call;

3 - uprising to assess crack opening;

4 - detachable unit;

5 - drill drift;

6 - a ceiling for creating perforation irrigation channels;

7 - capacity for collecting productive solution;

8 - a chamber for a district water collector;

9 - scraper drift;

10 - a fan of wells for creating irrigation channels;

11 - fans of wells that provide crack opening in the array.

The method is as follows.

1. Carry out the necessary preparatory rifling workings: drill riser 1, drill 2, detachable unit 4, drill drift 5, scraper drift 9, or use previously completed workings if they provide access to the ore body.

2. In the central part of the leaching unit (ore body), fans of wells are drilled (11).

3. Some of the wells are filled with explosives, and some are left free. Free wells play the role of compensation space when blasting filled wells to shake the array. An explosion is carried out to shake the massif, which reveals the systems of genetic cracks present in the massif. Crack opening is estimated by geophysical methods from a specially passed uprising 3

4. An array not disturbed by the explosion is stored in the upper part of the block and an “irrigation” ceiling is formed 6. For this, bore holes are drilled from the upper drill hole (drilling unit), and systems of cumulative charges are placed in them.

5. Explosive charge systems are blasted, which ensures the formation of directional perforation channels with branching cracks along the periphery of perforation channels. Holes and perforation channels are used for injection under pressure or for gravity supply of a solution during irrigation of the array.

6. The collection of the solution is carried out in the chamber 8, where they install the local collector 7.

The invention can be applied to deposits of copper, copper-zinc, lead-zinc, copper-nickel and other polymetallic ores for leaching valuable components from small local ore bodies and individual ore sections left behind the development circuit, for the refinement of poor ores by leaching, to extract valuable components from rich ores by leaching.

Claims (1)

A method of preparing ore bodies for leaching of useful components at the occurrence site, including explosive preparation of ore deposits and supplying a technological solution, characterized in that the fans are blown up to shake the massif in the central part of the ore body, and perforation channels are formed in the upper part of the ore body by directed explosions with branching cracks along the periphery of the channels for injection of solutions.