RU2303992C1 - Curative-prophylactic remedy for youngsters of farm animals and method for preventing and treating respiratory diseases in calves due to its application - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: the suggested remedy contains alcoholic extract of the mixture of the equal parts of Echinacea and coltsfoot herb and inflorescences, flowers of small-leaved linden and licorice roots. Method for preventing and treating respiratory diseases in calves includes subcutaneous injection of hyperimmune serum that contains antibodies to the viruses of parainfluenza-3 and infectious rhinotracheitis in titers being 1:1280 and 1:256, not less, moreover, additionally for inner intake it is necessary to apply alcoholic extract of equal quantities of Echinacea and coltsfoot herb and inflorescences, flowers of small-leaved linden and licorice roots as a 7-8%-aqueous solution at prophylactic purpose at the dosage of about 1.5-2.5 ml/kg animal body weight for 15 d at interval of 12-24 h, at curative purpose - at the dosage of about 3.5-4.5 ml/kg animal body weight at 12-h-long interval till clinical recovery.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

2 cl, 3 ex, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, relates to a therapeutic and prophylactic agent for young plant-based farm animals and can be used for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases.

Given that respiratory infections of calves are a group of heterogeneous pathologies that differ in an extremely many reasons, the main of which are infectious agents, including viruses, bacteria, mycoplasmas, chlamydia and fungi, a number of synthetic, bacterial preparations have been proposed for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases and plant origin, differing in structure and mechanisms of action [1], and because of their wide distribution (according to many researchers, the incidence of calves in leotemny period respiratory infections up to 90% or more of their deaths together with the forced slaughter - 40-55%), the search for adequate therapeutic and prophylactic means retains its relevance.

Low-toxic and therapeutically effective agents for respiratory diseases of young farm animals are represented by herbal remedies that are well tolerated by patients and are affordable and cheap.

Known methods for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases using medicinal plants containing substances with a direct effect on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, such as leaves of coltsfoot, plantain, anise, dill, caraway seeds, herbs, Thermopsis, oregano, thyme, etc. [ 1], in the form of infusions and decoctions, and fees, including, for example, dioica nettle, big burdock, pharmacy chamomile, common oregano, perforated St. John’s wort, common wormwood, large plantain, coltsfoot, sowing oats [2], Ivan Chai, milis tnik, plantain, coltsfoot, burdock root, mountaineer, lobaznik, dandelion, stinging nettle, pharmacy chamomile [3], coltsfoot leaf, large plantain leaf, marsh rosemary shoots, pharmacy chamomile flowers, licorice root , birch leaf, rhizome with roots of a leuzea or grass of Tatar tar [4], marsh rosemary (grass), bird highlander (grass), elecampane high (root), narrow-leaved fireweed (leaves), small-leaved linden (flowers), mother-and- common stepmother (leaves), medunica medicinal (grass), licorice bare (root), pine usually venom (buds), thyme (grass), a three-part series (grass), celandine big (grass), marshmallow medicinal (roots), birch (buds), black elderberry (flowers), medicinal valerian (rhizome), medicinal calendula (flowers) ), white mistletoe (leaf), swampy creature (grass), tricolor violet (flowers) [5], etc.

Closest to the claimed is a therapeutic and prophylactic agent, which is an aqueous extract from the herbs of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L), creeping thyme (Thymus serpyllum), peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara), taken in equal amounts [6].

In order to expand the arsenal of therapeutic and prophylactic agents for young farm animals used for respiratory diseases, it is proposed to use an extract from grass and purple blossoms (Echinazea purpurea), coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara), small-leaved linden flowers (Tilia cordata) and licorice roots (Glycyrrhiza glabra), taken in equal quantities.

Echinacea purpurea (Echinazea purpurea) is a perennial herb with a short rhizome, the fruit is a grayish-brown achene. It is bred in the southern and middle bands of the European part of Russia. They collect flower baskets in July-August, rhizomes with roots in late autumn. Chemical composition: essential oil (in flower baskets 0.13-0.48%), which includes non-cyclic sequiterpene, glycoside, betaine, resin, organic acids (palmitic, linoleic, cerotinic), phytosterols (in the roots). In folk and scientific medicine, Echinacea purpurea is used in the complex treatment of recurrent infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, autoimmune diseases, tuberculosis, leukemia, pregnancy, lactation, childhood, chronic liver disease.

Coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) is ubiquitous. Leaves are harvested in the first half of summer. Chemical composition: mucus, during hydrolysis of which glucose, galactose, uronic acids, bitter glycosides, essential oil, saponins, phytosterol, carotenoids, malic and tartaric acids, etc. are formed. In folk and scientific medicine, coltsfoot is used as an expectorant, emollient , anti-inflammatory, disinfectant and diaphoretic.

Small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) Is a large, durable tree that grows in the deciduous forest zone of the European part of Russia. Gather inflorescences with bracts, buds, leaves, bark and seeds. Chemical composition: linden flowers contain essential oil (about 0.05%), polysaccharides (7-10%), including galactose, glucose, rhamnose, arabinose, xylose and galacturonic acid, flavanoids (4-5%), ascorbic acid and carotene: in linden leaves - protein, ascorbic acid (131 mg%), carotene; in fruits - fatty oil (up to 60%). In folk and scientific medicine, infusions and decoctions of linden inflorescences are used as antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs for influenza, colds and respiratory infections, bronchitis, infectious diseases in children, neuralgia, cystitis, etc. Shredded fresh buds or fresh and soaked leaves are used as an external anti-inflammatory , painkiller and emollient applied to burns, inflammatory seals and ulcers.

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) is a perennial root-shoot herbaceous plant of the family. It grows wild in the south of Western Europe, in the Mediterranean, Western Asia, Iran, Turkey, Afghanistan, China, in Russia - in the south of the European part and in Western Siberia. Collect rhizomes with roots in spring or summer. Chemical composition: triterpene saponin glycyrrhizin - calcium and potassium salts of glycyrrhizonic acid (23%), flavanoids, derivatives of flavanone and chalcone, polysaccharides (starch, pectic substances), ascorbic acid. Licorice root preparations are used as an expectorant and laxative (powder, dry and thick extracts, syrup, breast elixir), as an anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and antisecretory agent for peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, bronchial asthma, and allergic asthma.

The extract from the grass and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, small-leaved linden flowers and licorice roots is prepared in a pharmacopoeial way in relation to the raw material to the extractor 1:10. Ethanol with a concentration of 70% is used as an extractant. Medicinal raw materials are crushed to particles with a size of 1-3 mm, mixed in equal amounts, a weighed portion of the raw material is placed in a glass vessel, the calculated amount of ethyl alcohol at a concentration of 70% is added, it is kept for 7 days in a dark place at a temperature of 15-20 ° C. Then the alcohol tincture is filtered through a canvas or two layers of gauze, squeezing the raw materials, filtered.

Example. 500 g of medicinal raw material were placed in a glass jar (equal amounts from grass and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, linden blossoms and licorice roots), 5.0 L of ethyl alcohol at a concentration of 70% were added, put in a dark place and kept at a temperature of 15-20 ° C for 7 days, after which it was filtered through the canvas, squeezing the raw materials.

For prophylaxis and treatment of viral respiratory diseases of calves on the background of subcutaneous injection of hyperimmune serum containing specific antibodies to parainfluenza-3 viruses (PG-3) and infectious rhinotracheitis (IRT) in titres no lower than 1: 1280 and 1: 256, respectively, they use treatment a prophylactic agent in accordance with the invention in the form of a solution of 7-8% concentration, which is prepared on chilled boiled water and is given orally for prophylactic purposes for 15 days with an interval of 12-24 hours at a dose of 1.5-2.5 ml / kg mass of the animal, for therapeutic purposes - in dose of 3.5-4.5 ml / kg of animal weight with an interval of 12 hours before clinical recovery.

The essence of the method is illustrated by examples.

The effectiveness of the method for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases of calves using the therapeutic and prophylactic agent in accordance with the invention against a background of subcutaneous injection of hyperimmune serum containing specific antibodies to PG-3 and IRT viruses in titres no lower than 1: 1280 and 1: 256, respectively, was determined in scientific and industrial experiments in the conditions of farms that have long been dysfunctional for respiratory diseases due to the impact on the body of associations of viruses, pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora against the background of eniya conditions and feeding pregnant cows and calves. Virological studies have confirmed the etiological role of PG-3 viruses and RTI. Incidence - up to 50%, mortality - 15-19%. Clinically, the disease was characterized by an increase in body temperature to 41.3 ° C, serous-mucous discharge from the nasal openings, depression of the general condition, conjunctivitis, cough, rapid breathing. Red blood cells, signs of enphysema, hyperemia of the mucous membrane, mucopurulent exudate in the trachea and bronchi, signs of hemorrhagic catarrhal gastroenteritis were found in the forcedly killed calves during the acute course of the lungs. The pharyngeal and bronchial nodes are enlarged.

Example 1. Prophylactic efficacy depending on the dose of a therapeutic agent in accordance with the invention was determined on clinically healthy calves of 30-45 days of age, divided into 5 groups: 4 groups — experimental, 1 group — control. The calves of all groups were subcutaneously injected with hyperimmune serum containing specific antibodies to PG-3 and IRT viruses in titres of at least 1: 1280 and 1: 256, respectively, at a dose of 1 ml / kg of animal weight three times with an interval of 10 days. The calves of the experimental groups additionally used the claimed agent in the form of a 7% aqueous solution for 15 days with an interval of 24 hours in doses of 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 and 3.0 ml / kg of animal weight. The results were taken into account according to the main clinical indicators (table 1).

Table 1 Prophylactic effectiveness depending on the dose of the therapeutic agent Groups of animals Indicators experience the control 1 - n = 40 2 - n = 41 3 - n = 42 4 - n = 42 5 - n = 42 The dose of the claimed funds, ml / kg 0.5 1,5 2.5 3.0 Ill, goal. 7 6 four four 8 It’s fallen, a goal. 2 2 0 0 3 Preventive efficacy,% 82.5 85,4 90.5 90.5 81 The form of the disease,% light 2 four 3 four 3 heavy 5 2 one - 5

The research results (table 1) confirmed the validity of the proposed dosage - 1.5-2.5 ml / kg of animal weight.

Example 2. The therapeutic efficacy, depending on the dose of the therapeutic agent in accordance with the invention, was determined on sick calves 30-45 days of age with associated viral infection caused by PG and IRT viruses, after a diagnosis was established based on a comprehensive analysis with mandatory virological examination, distributed into 5 groups: 4 groups - experienced, 1 group - control. Calves of all groups were subcutaneously injected with hyperimmune serum containing antibodies to PG-3 and RTI viruses in titres no lower than 1: 1280 and 1: 256, respectively, at a dose of 1 ml / kg of animal weight with an interval of 24 hours before clinical recovery. The calves of the experimental groups additionally used the claimed agent in the form of a 7% aqueous solution with an interval of 12 hours at doses of 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 and 4.0 ml / kg of animal weight until clinical recovery. The calves of the control group were treated with traditional methods using symptomatic agents. The results were taken into account according to the main clinical indicators (table 2).

table 2 Therapeutic efficacy depending on the dose of the therapeutic agent Groups of animals Indicators experience the control 1 - n = 15 2 - n = 15 3 - n = 15 4 - n = 15 5 - n = 20 The dose of the claimed funds, ml / kg 3.0 3,5 4.0 4,5 Recover, goal. fourteen fifteen fifteen fifteen eighteen It’s fallen, a goal. one 0 0 0 2 Therapeutic efficacy,% 93.3 100.0 one hundred 100.0 90.0 Duration of treatment, days eighteen fifteen fourteen fifteen 16 Relapse of the disease, goal four four 3 0 10

The research results (table 2) confirmed the validity of the therapeutic dose of 3.5-4.5 ml / kg of animal weight. Doses below the minimum and above the maximum are not economically feasible.

Example 3. The comparative effectiveness of the method of prevention and treatment using a therapeutic agent in accordance with the invention was determined on clinically healthy calves 30-45 days of age, divided into four groups. The calves of all groups were subcutaneously injected with hyperimmune serum containing antibodies to the PG-3 and IRT viruses in titres no lower than 1: 1280 and 1: 256, respectively, at a dose of 1 ml / kg of the animal’s weight three times with an interval of 10 days and was additionally used orally 15 days with an interval of 24 hours: the first group - the claimed product in the form of a 7% aqueous solution at a dose of 2.5 ml / kg of animal weight: the second group - an aqueous extract from the herbs of Hypericum perforatum, creeping thyme, peppermint and mother-and- stepmothers taken in equal amounts at a dose of 100 ml, the third group and - infusion from the collection of medicinal herbs, including dioica nettle, large burdock, chamomile, ordinary oregano, perforated St. John's wort, common wormwood, large plantain, coltsfoot and sowing oats in a dose of 300 ml. In the fourth group, additional drugs were not used. Ill animals were treated with the same drugs by increasing the dose in the first group to 4.5 ml / kg of animal weight, in the second group to 150 ml, in the third group to 600 ml. In the control group, treatment was carried out with drugs, mainly nitrofuran drugs. The results were taken into account according to the main clinical indicators (table 3).

Table 3 The comparative effectiveness of the claimed and known methods for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases of calves Indicators Groups of animals 1 - n = 45 2 - n = 42 3 - n = 40 4 - n = 36 Applied drugs GIS * + declared tool GIS + analogue tool GIS + herbs GIS + nitrofurans Ill, goal. four four 5 6 Preventive efficacy,% 91.1 90.5 87.5 83.3 The form of the disease,% light 3 3 2 one heavy one one 3 5 Recover, goal. four 3 3 four Therapeutic efficacy,% one hundred 75 60 66.7 It’s fallen, a goal. 0 one 2 2 Duration of treatment, days 10 12 fourteen 16 * hyperimmune serum

Our studies have shown that the extract of a mixture of equal amounts of grass and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, leaf leaves and licorice roots has a wide range of pharmacological effects, as well as antiviral and antimicrobial activity, which, based on the principle of synergism, provides a sufficient level of intensity protective reactions in clinically healthy calves, which was manifested in an increase in prophylactic effectiveness, and recovery reactions in sick calves, which was expressed in a shorter treatment period, an increase in cases of mild, treatable illness, and a reduction in relapse. The tool is non-toxic, contains bioavailable useful biologically active substances, including, for example, essential oil, flavonoids, kartinoids, phytosterol, saponins, has environmental cleanliness.

Information sources

1. D.K. Chervyakov et al. Medicines in veterinary medicine. - M .: Kolos, 1977, S.138-147.

2. Veterinary Medicine, 2005, No. 4, C.11-13.

3. RU 2072862 C1, 1997.

4. RU 2184560 C1, 2002.

5. RU 2185184 C1, 2002.

6. RU 22501101 C1, 2005.

Claims (2)

1. A therapeutic and prophylactic agent for young farm animals containing an alcoholic extract of plant materials, characterized in that as a plant material a mixture of equal amounts of grass and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, small-leaved linden flowers and licorice roots is used 2. A method for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases of calves, comprising subcutaneous injection of hyperimmune serum containing antibodies to parainfluenza-3 viruses and infectious rhinotracheitis in titres of at least 1: 1280 and 1: 256, characterized in that an alcohol extract of equal amounts of grass is additionally used inside and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, small-leaved linden flowers and licorice roots in the form of a 7-8% aqueous solution for prophylactic purposes in a dose of 1.5-2.5 ml / kg of animal weight for 15 days at intervals at 12-24 h, with a medical purpose - at a dose of 3.5-4.5 ml / kg of animal with an interval of 12 hours prior to clinical recovery.