RU235007U1 - Pneumatic seeding device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture. A pneumatic seeding device made with the possibility of connection both to a seed hopper (1) divided by a partition (2) into two parts with the possibility of dismantling it, and to a two-level skid-shaped coulter (8). The pneumatic seeding device consists of two side covers and a metering device in the form of a seeding ring, a fastening strip in the center and a mounting hole for the ring axis, air nozzles (5). On each side of the seeding ring of the metering device, open half-cells are made, the distance between which is twice as large as their diameter. The width of the ring is 1.5 times greater than the larger diameter of the half-cell. The half-cells of one side of the ring are located in the center between the half-cells of the other. Both nozzles (5) are made removable on a thread and are installed above the half-cells. The seeding device is provided with a threaded plug. Increased yield and high-quality protein-rich feed are achieved by combining two crops. 12 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to pneumatic seeding devices that can be used in seeders, primarily for single-grain seeding.

A pneumatic seeding device is known, which includes a seed hopper, a seeding disk with through holes and a nozzle for supplying air to the cells, the seeding disk is equipped with a ring, coupled with its inner surface, which is installed with the possibility of longitudinal movement relative to the axis of rotation of the disk, and is made in the form of a cylinder, along the length of which several rows of through cells are located. (USSR Author's Certificate No. 818524, IPC A01C 7/04, 1981).

The disadvantages of the known seeding apparatus are:

a) the seeding device is used only for nest sowing and does not allow sowing two different crops simultaneously in a combined manner;

b) the device does not have a seed ejector, which leads to disruption of the seed sowing process.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed seeding device is the universal pneumatic seeding device selected as a prototype, consisting of a seed hopper divided by a partition into sections, a seeding device with two side covers and a pair of rings with conical cells, a fastening strip in the center and a mounting hole for the axis of the rings, an air nozzle and a skid-shaped coulter (p. No. 2823817, IPC A01C 7/04, 2024).

The known device has disadvantages:

- two pairs of rings are used to sow seeds of different crops according to different patterns;

- the device for removing excess seeds from the cells has four nozzles installed without the possibility of dismantling them;

- two shafts with two sprockets and two bearings are used to shift the rings in a circle to change the seeding patterns.

The technical objective of the invention is to simplify the design and increase economic efficiency.

The technical result consists in increasing the yield and obtaining high-quality feed rich in protein due to the combined sowing of two crops.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the pneumatic seeding device is designed with the possibility of connection both with the seed hopper, divided by a partition into parts, and with a skid-shaped coulter, and consisting of two side covers and a metering device in the form of a seeding ring, a fastening strip in the center and a mounting hole for the ring axis, air nozzles, according to the utility model, the seed hopper of the seeding device is divided by a partition into two parts with the possibility of dismantling it, on each side of the seeding ring of the metering device there are open half-cells, the distance between which is twice as large as their diameter, the width of the ring is 1.5 times larger than the larger diameter of the half-cell, the half-cells of one side of the ring are located in the center between the half-cells of the other, both nozzles are made removable on a thread and are installed above the half-cells, the seeding device is provided with a threaded plug, and the skid-shaped coulter is made two-level.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a 3D pneumatic metering device, general view; Fig. 2 - the same, side view; Fig. 3 - the same, front view; Fig. 4 - a seeding unit in section in a vertical plane; Fig. 5 - the same, with a chain drive; Fig. 6 - a metering device with two nozzles; Fig. 7 - the same with one nozzle; Fig. 8 - a seeding ring with a bar; Fig. 9 - a pneumatic device with two nozzles; Fig. 10 - the same, with one nozzle; Fig. 11 - a two-level skid-shaped coulter; Fig. 12 - a plug.

The pneumatic seeding device consists of a seed hopper 1, divided by a partition 2 into two parts with the possibility of dismantling it. On each side of the seeding ring 3 of the metering device, open half-cells 4 are made. The distance between the half-cells 4 is twice their diameter.

The width of the ring 3 is 1.5 times greater than the larger diameter of the half-cell 4. The half-cells 4 of one side of the ring are located in the center between the half-cells 4 of the other. Both nozzles 5 are made removable on a thread and are installed above the half-cells 4, the seeding unit is equipped with two compressed air supply hoses 6, a threaded plug 7, and a skid-shaped coulter 8.

The dosing device of the seeding unit is made in the form of a ring 3. On each side of the ring 3 of the dosing device there are open half-cells 4. Making the distance between the half-cells 4 twice the diameter of the half-cell 4 is optimal for placing seeds in a row. If the distance is increased, this will lead to an increase in the seed sowing step, and if it is decreased, it will lead to a violation of the agrotechnical requirements for placing seeds in a row.

The implementation of the seeding ring 3 with open half-cells 4 on each of its sides allows for seeding to be carried out both in a dotted and combined manner, which leads to significant savings in metal.

Half-cells 4 on one side of ring 3 are placed in the center between half-cells 4 on the other. The width of ring 3 is 1.5 times greater than the diameter of half-cell 4.

The arrangement of the half-cells 4 with an offset relative to the opposite side of the ring 3 allows sowing seeds in a checkerboard pattern. The dosing device is equipped with two removable nozzles 5 on the thread.

On the outside, on the sides of the seeding apparatus, there are two hoses 6 for supplying compressed air to the lower part of the seeding ring 3 from the inside to the small diameter of the half-cells 4. In the upper part, the branches from the hoses 6 are made with threads for nozzles 5 and plug 7.

The device is equipped with a threaded plug 7, which is installed instead of nozzle 5. Nozzles 5 are made removable with a thread at the end.

The runner coulter 8 is made two-level, each coulter is made with the possibility of shifting its parts in the vertical plane, which makes it possible to change the seeding depths of two different crops in a row, which is so important in the combined seeding method. Two nozzles 5 are placed above the half-cells 4 along the edges of the ring 3, two sections of the coulter 8 are installed under the edges of the seeding ring 3. Such design of nozzles 5 and coulter 8 makes it possible to sow seeds with alternating crops in the combined seeding method, or to sow seeds from one to two different crops.

The pneumatic dosing device operates as follows.

Example 1. When it is necessary to sow seeds using a combined method, seeds of two different crops are loaded into each part of bunker 1, two nozzles 5 and a two-level coulter 8 are used.

Example 2. When it is necessary to sow seeds of one crop in one row, partition 2 is dismantled and hopper 1 is loaded with seeds of one type. One nozzle 5 is removed and plug 7 is screwed in its place and one coulter 8 is installed.

Example 3. If the sowing of seeds is carried out in two rows of one crop, then it is enough to simply load seeds into hopper 1. Nozzles 5 are not removed, and two coulters are set to the same seed placement depth.

The pneumatic seeding unit allows for easy switching from combined seeding to dotted seeding and vice versa.

The use of the proposed pneumatic seeding device allows to simplify the design of the seeding device and increase the economic efficiency of the pneumatic seeding device.

Claims (1)

A pneumatic seeding unit made with the possibility of connection both to a seed hopper divided into parts by a partition and to a skid-shaped coulter, and consisting of two side covers and a metering device in the form of a seeding ring, a fastening strip in the center and a mounting hole for the ring axis, air nozzles, characterized in that the seeding unit hopper is divided by a partition into two parts with the possibility of dismantling it, on each side of the seeding ring of the metering device there are open half-cells, the distance between which is twice as large as their diameter, the width of the ring is 1.5 times greater than the larger diameter of the half-cell, the half-cells of one side of the ring are located in the center between the half-cells of the other, both nozzles are made removable on a thread and installed above the half-cells, the seeding unit is provided with a threaded plug, and the skid-shaped coulter is made two-level.