RU2220252C2 - Graded-border irrigation system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: proposed irrigation system can be used on irrigated plots with grade from 0.02 to 0.08 under different soil irrigation and climatic conditions mainly in wide and long strip irrigation systems with longitudinal separating ridges and no-grade troughs. In proposed graded border irrigations system including drain and clean water pipelines. Mechanical cleaning plant, storage pond, grade with watering units formed by longitudinal separating gutters-ridges of profile required to let agricultural machinery pass, distributors and irrigators, no-grade troughs of profile required for passing of agricultural machinery, interception channel and automatic pumping station arranged on reserve site and provided with pressure pipeline for pumping storm waters, grades of each gutter-ridge are made with laying coefficient m=4-5. Bottom B_i.r of inner reserve f each gutter-ridge is made with width from 1.5 to 4.5 m. Building depth H_b of each gutter-ridge is form 0.2 to 0.3. Overall height of ridge over surface of irrigation strip is H_rid = 0,1÷0,15 m. Flow directing bridges are made inside each gutter-bridge in 40-60 m steps to prevent dislocation of storm water flow running down gutter-ridge surface and to direct it to irrigation strip. EFFECT: reduced labor input, increased utilization factor of agricultural lands, particularly, grassland. 2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of crop irrigation and can be used on an irrigated plot with a slope of 0.02 ... 0.08 in various soil-reclamation and climatic conditions.

 A known irrigation system with watering on a slope for wastewater treatment [1], including sewage and clean water pipelines, mechanical wastewater treatment facilities, a pond, a slope with irrigation blocks formed by longitudinal dividing rollers of a profile passed for agricultural machinery, distributors and sprinklers with facilities for supplying irrigation water to irrigation blocks, steady hollows of a profile also passable for agricultural machinery, a ditch is arranged, and on a reserve plow adke further arranged automated pump station with the feed line for pumping in storm water storage pond.

 Separation rollers designed to keep the flow of water in the strip during irrigation are one of the main elements of the irrigation system with irrigation along the slope.

 Known designs permanent passable and temporary double impassable for agricultural machinery profile separation roller [2].

 A permanent dividing roller of a profile passed for agricultural machinery is arranged either from imported soil, or it is poured from local soil using a grader.

 Permanent separation roller from imported soil is installed without reserves, but at the same time it requires significant labor and money costs for soil transportation.

 When filling the roller with a grader from local soil, the problem arises of eliminating external rolling stocks, especially in an irrigated area with a slope of more than 0.02. But you cannot leave these reserves: when watering along these depressions, the main water flow rushes to the strip, which can lead to uneven wetting of the surface of the irrigation strip and even to manifestations of water soil erosion.

 Temporary double separation roller not passable for agricultural machinery is sprinkled with a KOP-500 ditch digger. The width of the roller is 4.36 m, the coefficients of the slopes are m = 1.0 and m = 1.7. They fill the roller before watering and level it before harvesting hay, which creates certain inconveniences during the operation of the irrigated area. At the same time, 8.7% of the plot area falls out of haymaking and is prone to overgrowing with weed vegetation.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the proposed permanent separation roller is sprinkled by a grader due to the soil of the internal reserve, and its slopes are made with a laying coefficient m equal to 4 to 5, which makes the groove-roller passable for agricultural machinery, and 8.7% earlier excluded area to be sown with perennial grasses and included in grasslands.

 Within each 40 ... 60 m groove, flowing bridges are arranged to prevent the flow of storm water flowing from the surface of the groove-roller and to divert them to the irrigation strip.

The drawings show: in FIG. 1 is a diagram of an irrigation block of an irrigation system with irrigation on a slope; in FIG. 2 - a fragment of the groove of the roller in the plan; in FIG. 3 is a cross-section 1-1 of the groove-roller of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 and designations are accepted: _Вр - width of the bottom of the internal reserve, m; h _BP - the depth of the internal reserve, m; In _square - the width of the groove-roller, m; N _p - the construction depth of the groove-roller, m; N _HB - construction height of the embankment of the roller above the surface of the irrigation strip, m; m is the slope laying coefficient; N _SP - the construction height of the jumper, m; In _cn is the width along the top of the jumper, m; in FIG. 4 is a section 2-2 in FIG. 2.

 The scheme of the irrigation block of the irrigation system with irrigation along the slope shown in FIG. 1, includes a sprinkler 1, water outlets 2, dividing grooves-rollers 3, steady hollows 4, horizontal 5, flow bridges 6, storm drain 7 and a collector 8 for dumping storm water to a reserve platform draining from the surface of the irrigation block.

 The system works as follows.

 Before the next watering, the grass stand is mowed using ordinary haying equipment. Its movement in the irrigated area is carried out freely in all directions, since irrigators and grooves-rollers have a profile that is passable for all types of agricultural machinery. The use of the area of the groove-roller of the passable profile for mowing increased the utilization of the area of the hay area by 8.7%.

 After hay harvesting, water outlets are opened by supplying water directly to the appropriate strips with the flow rate established for the settlement mode.

 The discharge of drainage and storm water from the strips is carried out using a storm drain 7 and a collector 8.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION
1. Tyutyukin V.F., Ivanov O.A. Slope irrigation system for wastewater treatment. RF patent 2128904, class A 01 G 25/00, 12/20/95, BI 11, 04/20/99, p.297.

 2. Shtepa B. G. Watering over wide long strips and the design of the irrigation system. Part 1. Overview 1, 1974, TsBNTI of the Ministry of Water Economy of the USSR.

Claims (2)

1. Irrigation system with irrigation along the slope, including sewage and clean water pipelines, a mechanical wastewater treatment plant, a storage pond, a slope with irrigation blocks formed by longitudinal dividing grooves-rollers of the profile passed for agricultural machinery, spreaders and sprinklers with structures for irrigation water supply to irrigation blocks, steadfast hollows of a profile passed for agricultural machinery, a ditch ditch, and also automatically located on a reserve site annuyu pumping station with the feed line for pumping storm water to the pond, characterized in that the slopes of each separation groove-roll formed with a coefficient of laying m, of from 4 to 5, the bottom internal reserve at _BP of each groove-roller holds a width of 1 , 5 to 4.5 m, the construction depth H _{p of} each groove-roller is made from 0.2 to 0.3 m, the construction height of the embankment of the roller above the surface of the irrigation strip H _nv is from 0.10 to 0.15 m. 2. The irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that across the bottom of the inner reserve of each groove-roller every 40-60 m there is a flow guide jumper with a height of 0.2 to 0.3 m with slopes having a laying coefficient m from 4 to 5.

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