RU2206844C1 - Apparatus for drying lumped dispersed materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: processes for convective drying of materials, possibly in food making, chemical and other branches of industry. SUBSTANCE: apparatus for drying lumped dispersed material includes housing in the form of vertically arranged cylinder and shell in the form of truncated cone adjoining to upper portion of cylinder and having diameter of large base equal to that of cylinder; branch pipe for supplying heat transfer agent; discharging branch pipe; loading device and arranged along axis of housing insert in the form of Venturi tube between enlarged and narrowed portions of which cylindrical shell with diameter equal to minimum diameter of tube and with radial slits is arranged. Novelty is design in which on base of cylindrical portion of chamber are coaxially arranged: cylindrical shell of Venturi tube and cylindrical insert with diameter exceeding that of circle along which articulation joints are placed for rotatably mounting spring-loaded dampers placed in lower zone of enlarged portion of Venturi tube. Lower end of cylindrical insert is rigidly secured to base of chamber; its upper end is secured to enlarged portion of Venturi tube. On inner surface of cylindrical insert there are curved blades whose concave surface is directed opposite relative to motion direction of tangentially supplied additional heat transfer agent. Branch pipe for introducing main flow of heat transfer agent is in the form of narrowed portion of Venturi tube. In upper portion of housing coaxially relative to Venturi tube splitter is mounted by means of tie rods. Over upper cone of splitter guide for wet material is coaxially arranged; it is in the form of truncated cone whose less base is turned downwards and whose large base is rigidly secured to discharging branch pipe. At base of cylindrical shell branch pipe for additionally supplying heat transfer agent is tangentially arranged. Base of cylindrical portion of chamber is provided with branch pipe for removing dried material. EFFECT: uniform drying of material due to organized motion of material in enlarged portion of Venturi tube, elimination of material particle penetration into branch pipe for introducing heat transfer agent due to jointly mounting of spring-loaded dampers, enhanced quality of drying small particles, uniform drying of large particles in cone shell of housing due to using splitter. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a drying technique for convective drying of a material and can be used in food, chemical and other industries.

 Known dryer of a suspended layer containing a cylindrical conical chamber with a tangential input of material placed on the axis of the chamber recirculation device ejection type (Venturi pipe), a cylindrical shell of which is made with slots of an adjustable section [a.s. 1372165, F 26 V 17/10, publ. 02/07/88, Bull. 5].

The known design has the following disadvantages:
- does not allow to achieve a high intensity of the drying process;
- does not allow to sufficiently disaggregate large lumps of material;
- the need to stop the flow of coolant when unloading the dried material significantly slows down the drying process.

 The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a device for drying clumping dispersed materials, containing a housing made in the form of a vertically arranged cylinder and adjacent to its upper part of the shell in the form of a truncated cone, a window for entering the coolant, a window for outputting a gas suspension, above which the loading device is located, an insert made on the axis of the housing made in the form of a Venturi pipe, between the expanding and tapering sections of which there is a cylinder nical shroud, made with radial slits and having on the inner surface in the area of openings curved blades [A. 2008592, F 26 V 17/10, publ. 02/28/94, Bull. 4].

The known device has several disadvantages:
- there is no orderly movement of the material in the expanding section of the venturi, which does not ensure the uniformity of its drying;
- the configuration of the insert does not exclude the passage of the largest pieces of material of the cylindrical section of the Venturi pipe and falling into the coolant input window;
- loading the material into the body in a continuous stream does not allow to achieve high-quality drying of small particles in a conical shell due to the fact that only particles located on the periphery of the loaded stream are involved in the vortex stream.

 An object of the invention is to improve the quality of drying of dispersed materials.

 This object is achieved in that in a device for drying clumping dispersed materials, comprising a housing made in the form of a vertically arranged cylinder and adjacent to its upper part of the shell in the form of a truncated cone with a diameter of a larger base equal to the diameter of the cylinder, a nozzle for introducing a coolant, a nozzle for output, loading device and an insert placed on the axis of the housing, made in the form of a Venturi pipe, between the expanding and tapering sections of which there is a cylindrical shell with with a diameter equal to the minimum diameter of the pipe, made with radial slots, new is that on the base of the cylindrical part of the chamber a cylindrical shell of the Venturi pipe and a cylindrical insert with a diameter larger than the diameter of the circle along which the hinges are mounted on which are spring loaded dampers located in the lower part of the expanding section of the venturi, while the lower end of the cylindrical insert is rigidly fixed to the base of the chamber, and the upper end on the expanding section of the venturi, with curved blades placed on the inner surface of the cylindrical insert, the concave surface of which is directed towards the movement of the tangentially supplied additional coolant, the nozzle for introducing the main flow of the coolant is a tapering section of the venturi, in the upper part of the body coaxially mounted to the venturi rod divider, over the upper cone of which is coaxially located a guide for wet material, made in v e frustoconical smaller base directed downwards and the large base is rigidly attached to the conduit for withdrawal, wherein at the base of the cylindrical mantle tangentially arranged inlet for coolant and the additional input at the base of the cylindrical portion of the chamber tube configured for output of dried material.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows the proposed device, figure 2 is a transverse section aa.

 A device for drying clumping dispersed materials contains a vertically arranged cylinder 1 with a conical shell 2 adjacent to it, a pipe 3 for discharging waste heat carrier, a pipe 4 for discharging dried material, a loading device 5. Inside the cylinder 1, an insert in the form of a Venturi 6, consisting of the expanding section 7 and the tapering section 8 with respect to the direction of the main flow of the coolant and the cylindrical shell 9 with radial slots 10. At the bottom of the expanding section 7 w the shutters 11 with springs 12 are pivotally mounted. On the base of the cylinder 1 between sections 7 and 8, coaxial to the venturi 6, a cylindrical insert 13 is rigidly installed with a diameter larger than the circumference of the hinges on which the shutters 11 are placed. At the base of the cylindrical insert 13, a pipe 14 is tangentially made for additional input of the coolant, and bent blades 15 are placed on its inner surface, the concave surface of which is directed towards the movement of the tangentially supplied coolant. The divider 16 is mounted coaxially above the venturi 6 using rods 17 and has a conical shape. In order to increase the time the material particles move along the surface of the divider, its generatrix can be made both rectilinear and curvilinear, which ensures drying of small particles and uniform drying of larger particles of material. A guide 18 for wet material is coaxially located above the upper cone of the divider, made in the form of a truncated cone directed with the smaller base downward, and the larger base is rigidly attached to the outlet pipe.

 A device for drying clumping dispersed materials works as follows. The coolant through the pipe 8, which is a tapering section of the venturi 6, enters the cylindrical shell 9 and then into the expanding section 7 of the venturi, where it is in contact with the material. The loading of wet material into the cavity of the conical shell 2 is carried out by the loading device 5. In this case, the material of the guide 18 is directed to the upper part of the divider 16, on the surface of which the material particles are moved in a thin layer, which contributes to high-quality drying of small and drying of large particles.

 Particles of material are sent by a divider to the periphery of the expanding section 7 of the venturi, where they are dried in the aerial mode. The most dried material particles are carried into the cavity of the cylinder 1, in which they lose their speed and move down the cylinder 1 for unloading. The largest lumps of material, reaching the bottom of the expanding section 7 of the venturi, where the shutters 11 are pivotally mounted, deflect them under their own weight and fall into the disaggregation zone of the lumps of material, that is, into the space formed between the venturi and the cylindrical insert 13.

 The lumps of material are twisted by the flow of additional coolant, which is supplied through the pipe 14, and hit the bent blades 15 located on the inner surface of the cylindrical insert 13, the diameter of which ensures that lumps of material from the drying zone get into the blades placement zone when the shutters 11 are opened. The blades 15 are made in such a way that their concave surface is directed towards the movement of the coolant, and the blades themselves are placed with a slope that coincides with the direction of rotation of the tangentially supplied coolant, which ensures high-quality disaggregation of lumps of material and eliminates the formation of stagnant zones. The dampers are made around the perimeter of the expanding section of the venturi pipe in its lower part, and the opening force is regulated by means of springs 12 depending on the type of material being processed. The number of dampers is selected so as to ensure the most complete separation of large lumps of material from the drying zone to the disaggregation zone.

 Particles of material that were formed as a result of disaggregation are pushed to the center of the cylindrical insert 13 under the action of the incoming material and are ejected by the main stream through the slots 10 of the cylindrical shell 9 and sent for drying in the expanding section of the venturi. The lower part of the divider deflects the dried particles in the radial direction, while the dried particles are sent for discharge through the pipe 4, and the half-dried ones are returned to the drying zone.

 The spent coolant is removed through the pipe 3.

Thus, the proposed device for drying clumping dispersed materials has the following advantages:
- in an orderly movement of material in an expanding section of the venturi, its uniform drying is achieved;
- installation of spring-loaded valves on the hinges eliminates the ingress of particles of material into the coolant inlet pipe;
- the presence of the divider and its configuration allow to dry fine and evenly dry larger particles of material in the conical shell of the housing.

Claims (1)

 A device for drying clumping dispersed materials, comprising a housing made in the form of a vertically arranged cylinder and a truncated cone adjacent to its upper part with a diameter of a larger base equal to the diameter of the cylinder, a window (pipe) for entering the coolant, a window (pipe) for output , a loading device and an insert placed on the axis of the housing, made in the form of a Venturi pipe, between the expanding and tapering sections of which there is a cylindrical shell with a diameter equal to the minimum diameter of the pipe, made with radial slots, characterized in that on the base of the cylindrical part of the chamber, a cylindrical shell of the Venturi pipe and a cylindrical insert with a diameter larger than the circumference of the circle are mounted on which hinges are mounted on which spring-loaded shutters are located rotatably located in the lower part of the expanding section of the venturi, while the lower end of the cylindrical insert is rigidly fixed to the base of the chamber, and the upper end is on the expanding section of the pipe Venturi, moreover, bent blades are placed on the inner surface of the cylindrical insert, the concave surface of which is directed towards the movement of the tangentially supplied additional coolant, the nozzle for introducing the main coolant flow is a tapering section of the Venturi, in the upper part of the body coaxial to the Venturi pipe, a divider is installed over the top cone of which is coaxially located the guide for wet material, made in the form of a truncated cone, is directed th smaller base down and the larger base is rigidly attached to the conduit for withdrawal, wherein at the base of the cylindrical mantle tangentially arranged inlet for coolant and the additional input at the base of the cylindrical portion of the chamber tube configured for output of dried material.

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