RU2287445C1 - Eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless bogies (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to running gears of rail car. Proposed rail vehicle contains frame 1, four-axle frameless bogies with wheelsets 4 and axle boxes. Frame is provided with pivots 10 arranged between two middle wheelsets or one of middle wheelsets and nearest extreme wheelset of each bogie, with crossmembers 12 secured on each bogie for rotation relative to vertical axle and connected by axle-box links 6 or tie-rods with axle boxes of said wheelsets, and axle boxes of other wheelsets are interconnected and provided with hinge joints with grease or liquid lubricant placed in spaces of pivots, crossmembers and tie-rods or with silent blocks (rubber-metal joints). According to other design version, crossmembers indicated above are provided with side brackets, which in their turn, are connected with axle boxes by ends.

EFFECT: simplified design of running gear with simultaneous improvement of dynamic and service characteristics, reduced mass of running gear as a whole and reduced cost.

7 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to railway transport, in particular to freight and special wagons, and for the design of their crew with four-axle frameless trucks.

An eight-axle railway vehicle with biaxial bogies is known (for example: an eight-axle gondola car, models 22-4024, or a platform type conveyor, models 14-6055), comprising a main frame equipped with automatic couplers, two four-axle bogies containing two biaxial bogies, model 18-100 connected by beams (Fig. 871.10.100-3), frames in the form of cast sidewalls and spring beams, spring suspension, wheelsets with axle boxes, brake equipment in which the main frame of the vehicle is equipped with pivots connecting it with carts (USSR cars, industry catalog, 20-89-04, TsNIITEityazhmash, Moscow, 1989, pp. 52-53 and 76-77).

The disadvantages of this design are the large mass of the crew caused by the presence of the frames of the bogies, high dynamic loads in the wheel-rail system, the lack of effective devices for the radial installation of the axles of the wheelsets when moving in curves, significant wear on the flanges of the wheelsets and increased resistance when moving in the curves of the track, uneven load on the railroad bed caused by unequal distances between the axles of the wheelsets (the base of a biaxial trolley is 1850 mm, and the distance between the second and third axles is even raw wheeled trolleys 1350 mm), the high cost of the crew and the vehicle as a whole.

A frameless truck of a railway vehicle is also known, containing two wheel pairs with axle boxes, spring suspension springs mounted on axle boxes having connections connecting the wheel pairs to each other, between the stop brackets with which the axle boxes are equipped, rods are pivotally mounted so that their axles are not intersect with the axles of the wheelsets, and the spring suspension springs, based on the axle boxes, are displaced relative to the vertical planes passing through the axles of the wheelsets by the amount:

where x is the necessary longitudinal displacement of the axle box in the curve;

r is the distance between the axis of the wheelset and the nearest hinge of the rod;

b is the horizontal distance between the axis of the wheelset and the nearest hinge of the rod;

N is the vertical distance between the spring support spring suspension on the axle boxes and the axles of the wheelsets;

P is the vertical load from centrifugal force on the spring suspension springs, based on axle boxes;

P - efforts in the rods from the vertical load P,

in addition, the rods are equipped with tensioning devices, and the links connect the wheel pairs to each other in the mid-longitudinal plane with hinges, which ensure the rotation of the wheel pairs relative to the vertical and longitudinal axes (RF Patent No. 2207274, Cl. 7 B 61 F 5/38, 5/26) .

The disadvantages of this design when it is used for an eight-axle vehicle are the design complexity and low manufacturability caused by the location of the axle boxes asymmetrical with respect to the wheelsets, the inconvenience in operation due to the need to periodically adjust the position of the axle boxes and springs with tensioning devices, and the low efficiency of the radial axle installation due to the fact that the device operates mainly from centrifugal force.

The technical result of the invention is to simplify the design of the crew of an eight-axle railway vehicle with a simultaneous increase in its dynamic and operational qualities provided by the frameless design of the crew and radial installation of the axles of the wheelsets in curves, reducing the weight of the crew and the vehicle as a whole, leveling the dimensions between the wheelsets and leveling the loads on a railway bed, reducing the size of four-axle bogies, a significant reduction in the cost of electricity Kipazha and the railway vehicle as a whole.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in an eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless trolleys containing a frame with automatic couplers, pivots, four-axle frameless trolleys with wheel pairs, axle boxes, spring suspension, brake equipment, the frame of the railway vehicle is equipped with removable or non-removable pivots one on one a trolley placed between two middle wheel pairs or one of the middle and near extreme wheelset of each trolley, fixed to neither with the possibility of rotation relative to the vertical axis by transverse traverses connected above the axles of the wheel pairs with axle boxes or rods with axle boxes or with brackets, which are equipped with axle boxes of these wheel pairs, and axle boxes or their brackets of the remaining wheelsets are interconnected by axle boxes or rods located symmetrically in lateral longitudinal or angled to the longitudinal axis of the bogies vertical planes horizontally or at angles to the horizontal, with hinges with a grease or with liquid lubricant th placed in the cavities of the pivots, transverse traverses and rods, or with rubber-metal hinges, in addition, its axle boxes or axle brackets are equipped with braking equipment and vibration dampers, and the transverse traverses are provided with the possibility of elastic vertical movement relative to the pivots.

The same technical result is achieved in that in an eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless trolleys containing a frame with automatic couplings, pivots, four-axle frameless trolleys with wheelsets, axle boxes, spring suspension, brake equipment, the frame of the railway vehicle is equipped with removable or fixed pivots on one on a trolley placed between two middle wheel pairs or one of the middle and near extreme wheelset of each trolley, with fixed on them with the possibility of rotation relative to the vertical axis and elastic vertical movement relative to the pivots transverse traverses equipped with lateral consoles at the ends, connected to them with the possibility of rotation relative to the transverse axis or relative to the transverse and longitudinal axes, or relative to three axes, or rigidly, while the ends of the consoles by hinges are connected above the axles of the wheelsets with axle boxes or with brackets that are equipped with axle boxes of these wheelsets, and axle boxes or their brackets of the remaining wheelsets with are interconnected by axle boxes or rods symmetrically located in lateral vertical vertical planes, coinciding with the spring suspension planes, or offset from the latter towards the longitudinal axes of the bogies, with grease or with liquid lubricant placed in the cavities of the pivots, transverse traverses and hinges, or rubber-metal hinges, in addition, its axle boxes or axle brackets are equipped with braking equipment and vibration dampers.

The proposed eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless bogies is shown in the drawings, where

figure 1 shows an eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless trolleys, General view;

figure 2 shows a four-axis frameless trolley, General view;

figure 3 shows a top view of figure 2;

figure 4 shows a four-axis frameless trolley, General view;

figure 5 shows a top view of figure 4;

figure 6 shows a section aa in figure 1;

in Fig.7 shows a section bB in Fig.2;

in Fig.8 shows a section bb in Fig.4;

figure 9 shows the thrust with a fluid lubrication system.

An eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless bogies (Fig. 1-Fig. 9) consists of a frame with automatic couplings 1, spring suspension 2, bogies 3, wheelsets 4, axle boxes 5, axle boxes 6, vertical vibration dampers 7, transverse vibration dampers 8, longitudinal vibration dampers 9, pivots 10, axle brackets 11, transverse traverse 12, rods 13, hinges 14, rubber-metal hinges 15, rubber-metal hinges traverse 16, consoles of transverse traverses 17, elastic elements of transverse traverses 18, thrust bearings tees 19, seals 20, gaskets 21, covers 22, oil lubrication systems for rods 23, seals 24, pivot oil lubrication systems 25, hinge axes 26, hinge seals 27, bearings 28, brake equipment 29, vibration damper brackets 30, protective covers 31 .

An eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless bogies works as follows: when moving in the contact zones of the wheelsets of 4 pairs of bogies 3, resistance forces to the movement of the railway vehicle are created. The resistance forces from the wheels through the axles of the wheel pairs are transmitted to their axleboxes 5, from which the axle boxes 6 or rods 13 through the axes of the hinges 26 and the hinges 14 or rubber-metal hinges 15 are transmitted to the transverse beam 12 or on the console of the transverse beam 17 and then to the transverse beam 12 From the transverse traverse 12, these forces are transmitted to the pin 10, while the longitudinal and transverse components of the efforts of the axle levers 6 or rods 13 are transmitted through the surfaces of the kinematic pair of rotation around the vertical axis with the total moment of these forces relative to this axis are equal to zero, and the vertical components through the persistent Friday 19, bearings 28 or the elastic element of the transverse yoke 18, or the full forces from the transverse yoke 12 are transmitted to the pin 10 with a rubber-metal hinge of the yoke 16 without decomposition into components. Further, the resistance forces with the pivot of the body 10 are transmitted to the frame 1 and then to the automatic coupler, where they are extinguished by the traction forces of the locomotive. In this case, the railway vehicle is in a state of uniform movement.

When braking, the brake equipment 29 placed on the axle brackets 11 creates braking moments on the wheels of the wheelsets 4, which in turn create braking forces in the wheel-rail connection, which are transmitted to the frame 1 in the manner described above when transmitting the resistance forces. In this case, the railway vehicle enters the braking mode.

Vertical vibration dampers 7, transverse vibration dampers 8 and longitudinal vibration dampers 9 located on axle box brackets 11 and vibration damping arms 30 provide separate damping of all vibrations of a railway vehicle, providing it with any given speed.

Ensuring the rotation of the transverse traverse 12 relative to the vertical axis of the pin 10 leads to equalization of forces in axle boxes 6 or rods 13, which in turn leads to alignment of the creep forces on the right and left wheels of the wheel pairs 4 of the trolley 3 both when moving in straight sections of the track, and in curved sections.

In addition to balancing the loads, axle boxes 6 or rods 13 equipped with hinges 14 or 15 provide the possibility of rotation of the trolley 3 relative to the body 1 around the transverse and longitudinal axes, as well as the lateral movement of the trolley relative to the body with an amount not lower than the amount allowed by the spring suspension 2. This is in its the turn leads to an effective damping of the cart vibrations by vertical 7, transverse 8 and longitudinal 9 hydraulic oscillation dampers and a decrease in dynamic loads in straight and curved sections of the track.

The supply of an eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless trolleys with transverse traverses connected by axle boxes or rods connected to the axles of the wheel pairs or axle consoles with axle boxes or with the brackets with which the axle boxes are equipped, provides dimensional alignment between the wheel pairs, reduces the size of the four-axle bogies, and aligns the railway loads canvas and thereby reducing movement resistance.

Ensuring the possibility of elastic vertical movement of the transverse traverse 12 relative to the pivots 10 by installing in their connection the elastic elements of the transverse traverse 18 with bearings 28 with their fastening on the pivots by thrust pads 19 ensures that the suspension device does not block by the proposed device when the vehicle vibrates on the spring suspension 2.

The placement of axle boxes 6 or rods 13 above the axles of the wheelsets 4 in symmetrical lateral vertical planes at angles to the longitudinal axis of the trolley or the displacement of hinges 14 or 15 towards the longitudinal axes of the trolleys 3 when connecting the brackets 17 of the transverse beam 12 to the axle boxes 5 or their brackets 11 provides the radial installation of the axles of the wheelsets of the trolley when moving in a curve due to centrifugal forces pushing the wheels apart by leashes or rods or consoles on the outside of the curve and shifting the wheels on the inside of the curve, as well as Thu rail side pressure impinging on the wheel and use passive samoorientirovaniya wheelset axles radially curve.

Providing the device with a pivot fluid lubrication system 25, as well as a fluid lubrication system of rods 23, closed by seals 20 and 24 with gaskets 21 with covers 22, provides lubrication of the friction surfaces of the pivot assemblies and hinges for a long time without maintenance.

All this leads to a simplification of the crew design of an eight-axle railway vehicle with a simultaneous increase in its dynamic and operational qualities, provided by the frameless design of the crew and the radial installation of the axles of the wheelsets in curves, reduction in the mass of the crew and the vehicle as a whole, alignment between the wheelsets and alignment loads on the railroad bed, reducing the size of the four-axle bogies, a significant reduction in the cost of the crew and railway the vehicle as a whole.

Claims (7)

1. An eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless trolleys, comprising a frame with automatic couplings, pivots, four-axle frameless trolleys with wheelsets, axle boxes, spring suspension, brake equipment, characterized in that the railway vehicle frame is equipped with removable or non-removable pivots one per trolley placed between two middle wheelsets or one of the middle and near extreme wheelsets of each trolley, with which they can be rotated relative to the vertical axis by transverse traverses connected above the axles of the wheel pairs with axle boxes or rods with axle boxes or with brackets, which are equipped with axle boxes of these wheelsets, and axle boxes or their brackets of the remaining wheelsets are interconnected by axle boxes or rods symmetrically located in the lateral longitudinal or located at angles to the longitudinal axes of the bogies, vertical planes horizontally or at angles to the horizontal, with hinges with grease or with liquid lubricant placed in strips bows of pivots, transverse traverses and rods, or with rubber-metal hinges. 2. An eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless trolleys according to claim 1, characterized in that its axle boxes or axle brackets are equipped with braking equipment. 3. An eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless trolleys according to claim 2, characterized in that its axle boxes or brackets are equipped with vibration dampers. 4. An eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless bogies according to claim 3, characterized in that the transverse traverses are provided with the possibility of elastic vertical movement relative to the pivots. 5. An eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless trolleys, comprising a frame with automatic couplings, pivots, four-axle frameless trolleys, with wheel pairs, axle boxes, spring suspension, brake equipment, characterized in that the railway vehicle frame is equipped with removable or non-removable pivots one on one a trolley placed between two middle wheelsets or one of the middle and near extreme wheelsets of each trolley, with which they can be rotated relative to the vertical axis and elastic vertical movement relative to the pivots with transverse traverses equipped with lateral consoles at the ends, connected with them for rotation about the transverse axis, or about the transverse and longitudinal axes, or about three axes, or rigidly, while the ends of the consoles are hinged above the axles of the wheelsets with axle boxes or with brackets, which are equipped with axle boxes of these wheelsets, and axle boxes or their brackets of the remaining wheelsets are interconnected with axle boxes leashes or rods disposed symmetrically in the lateral longitudinal vertical planes coinciding with the planes of the spring suspension, or offset from the latter in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the carriages, with grease or liquid lubricant, placed in the cavities of pins, hinges and transversal traverse or silentblocks. 6. An eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless bogies according to claim 5, characterized in that its axleboxes or axlebox brackets are equipped with braking equipment. 7. An eight-axle railway vehicle with four-axle frameless trolleys according to claim 6, characterized in that its axle boxes or brackets are equipped with vibration dampers.

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