RU2273522C1 - Method of washing auriferous sands by means of waves of various physical nature - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics; concentration of minerals (reduction of technological losses due to entrapping of fine-grained elements).

SUBSTANCE: proposed method includes disintegration of primary pulp by means of sieves according to class 40 mm inside drum and according to class 7-8 mm at inlet of main lock; automatic mixing of primary pulp and its natural degassing are performed at main lock outlet; secondary pulp is subjected to artificial aeration with air bubbles at inlet of additional lock by means of compressor and disperser; secondary pulp is also subjected to washing with circulating water directed from main water conduit over additional water conduit to several sprayers mounted above additional lock; fine metal particles possessing magnetic properties are entrapped in additional lock at action of electromagnetic waves at frequency of 15-20 kHz which are directed towards moving secondary pulp; for acting on secondary pulp, use is made of two piston-type hydroacoustic transducers strictly oriented towards each other; structure of circulating water used for washing the rock, as well as secondary pulp in main and additional water conduits is changed by mounting several inserts in main water conduit; inserts are made from tubes at section varying in length: from maximum at the beginning of each insert to ¹/₄ of diameter at the end of each insert; one of inserts is mounted immediately before point of connection of additional water conduit to main water conduit, as well as due to forming non-directive radiation of hydroacoustic signals of ultrasonic range of frequencies F₂ by means of cylindrical hydroacoustic transducers of ultrasonic range of frequencies which is mounted at outlet of main water conduits forming non-directive radiation of hydroacoustic signals of ultrasonic frequency range F₃ close to resonance frequency F₀ of air bubbles used for aeration of secondary pulp by means of several (according to number of sprayers) spherical hydroacoustic transducers of ultrasonic range of frequencies mounted under sprayers of additional lock; mounted in circulating water settler is cylindrical hydroacoustic transducer for additional clarification of circulating water by forming non-directive radiation of hydroacoustic signals of low frequency range F₄.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of entrapping fine metal (gold, platinum) including those possessing magnetic properties; rational nature management; enhanced ecological safety.

9 dwg, 3 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of physics and can be used in mineral processing (in particular, to reduce technological losses due to the capture of fine-grained elements) - in the interests of rational environmental management, as well as for the treatment of recycled and waste water - in the interests of ecology.

There is a method of washing gold sands using a screen with a dynamic connection of the screening surface and electromagnetic exciter, consisting in mechanical mixing of the rock during its continuous irrigation with water, the formation of pulp, the direction of the pulp on a sieve, oscillating in a direction perpendicular to its plane. / Acoustic technology in mineral processing // Edited by B.C. Yamschikov. - M .: Nedra, 1987, p. 109 /.

The disadvantages of this method include:

1. Small volume of the processed substance.

2. Low efficiency of the method due to the low speed of the sifting of particles.

3. The lack of effectiveness of the capture of fine gold.

4. Low capture efficiency of gold with magnetic properties.

5. Low efficiency of the method when using circulating water.

6. Low efficiency of the method when washing silty sands.

7. The low efficiency of the method when washing sand at low ambient temperatures.

A known method of washing gold sands, based on the principle of "reverse screening", which consists in mechanically mixing the rock with continuous irrigation with water, the formation of pulp, the direction of the pulp in a special apparatus under the surface of the sieve. At the same time, the fine fraction is carried out through a sieve by the ascending medium. / Acoustic technology in mineral processing // Edited by B.C. Yamschikov. - M .: Nedra, 1987, p. 109, 110 /.

The disadvantages of this method include:

1. Small volume of the processed substance.

2. The lack of effectiveness of the capture of fine gold.

3. Low capture efficiency of gold with magnetic properties.

4. The low efficiency of the method when using circulating water.

5. Low efficiency of the method when washing silty sands.

6. The low efficiency of the method when washing sand at low ambient temperatures.

A known method of washing gold sands using waves of various physical nature, which consists in mechanically mixing the rock in the drum during continuous irrigation with water, the formation of pulp, disintegration of the primary pulp in a given class using a sieve installed inside the drum, the direction of the pulp in the gateway, containing a stencil with constant parameters, deposition by hydrodynamic and gravitational waves of large and medium gold on a stencil and discharge of the remaining part of the pulp from the exit of the lock to Tel. / Acoustic technology in mineral processing // Edited by B.C. Yamschikov. - M .: Nedra, 1987, p. 111-115 /.

The main disadvantages of the method are:

1. The inability to capture fine gold.

2. Low capture efficiency of gold with magnetic properties.

3. The lack of effectiveness of the capture of gold in the middle class.

4. The low efficiency of the method when using circulating water.

5. Low efficiency of the method when washing silty sands.

6. The low efficiency of the method when washing sand at low ambient temperatures.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed method relates to (selected as a prototype method) washing gold sands using waves of various physical nature, including mechanical mixing in the drum of the rock during continuous irrigation with water, the formation of primary pulp, the direction of the primary pulp to the entrance of the main gateway having a constant angle of inclination θ ₁ and containing a stencil with constant parameters, collecting large and medium gold on a stencil, the direction of the primary pulp from the output of the main gateway to the entrance of the additional gateway, automatic mixing of the primary pulp and its natural degassing, the formation of the secondary pulp, the implementation of reducing the flow rate of the secondary pulp in the secondary gateway while maintaining the flow of the primary pulp in the main gateway and maintaining the flow rate of the secondary pulp in the secondary gateway by setting its angle of inclination θ ₂ smaller than the angle of inclination θ ₁ of the default gateway, the effect on secondary pulp in an additional gateway hydroacoustic signals y trazvukovogo frequency range F ₁ by means of hydroacoustic transducers of the ultrasonic frequency range, located at a distance from each other along the length of the additional gateway reset the accumulator across the secondary pulp yield additional gateway / SA Baharev The method of washing gold sands using waves of various physical nature. - RF patent No. 2214866 for application No. 2002105319, priority 02/26/02.

The main disadvantages of the prototype method are:

1. The lack of capture efficiency of the average (particle size distribution) of gold.

2. Low capture efficiency of fine gold.

3. Low capture efficiency of gold with magnetic properties.

4. The low efficiency of the method when using circulating water.

5. Low efficiency of the method when washing silty sands.

6. The low efficiency of the method when washing sand at low ambient temperatures.

The technical result of the proposed method consists in the efficient capture of small metal (gold and platinum), including those having magnetic properties, which are technological losses in the traditional washing of gold-bearing sands, using recycled water, in clayey sands and at low ambient temperatures.

The problem that is solved by the invention is to develop a method free from the above disadvantage.

The technical result of the proposed method consists in the efficient capture of fine gold, including one having magnetic properties, which is a technological loss in the traditional washing of gold-bearing sands, using recycled water, in clay sands and at low ambient temperatures.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method of washing gold sands, including mechanical mixing in the rock drum during continuous irrigation with water, the formation of the primary pulp, the direction of the primary pulp to the entrance of the main gateway, with a constant angle of inclination θ ₁ and containing a stencil with constant parameters , collecting large and medium gold on a stencil, the direction of the primary pulp from the output of the main gateway to the entrance of the additional gateway, automatic mixing of the primary pool nN and its natural degassing, formation of secondary pulp implementation reduce secondary slurry flow rate in the additional gateway while maintaining the primary slurry flow essentially gateway and maintaining the secondary slurry flow rate in the additional gateway by setting its inclination angle θ ₂ smaller than the angle of inclination θ ₁ of the default gateway , impact on the secondary pulp in the additional gateway with hydro-acoustic signals of the ultrasonic frequency range F ₁ , using hydro-acoustic transducers of the ultrasonic range at frequencies located at a distance from each other along the length of the additional gateway, dumping into the drive the entire secondary pulp from the output of the additional gateway, according to the invention, the primary pulp is disintegrated using sieves, according to the -40 mm class — inside the drum and according to the “-7 class. ..- 8 mm "at the outlet of the main gateway, while the automatic mixing of the primary pulp and its natural degassing is carried out at the exit of the main gateway, and at the entrance of the additional gateway using a compressor and dispersant, I expose the secondary pulp artificial aeration with air bubbles, as well as rinsing with circulating water, directed from the main water conduit through an additional water conduit to several sprinklers installed above the additional gateway, and on the secondary gateway, stencils of small metal particles with magnetic properties are captured by electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 15-20 kHz, directed towards the moving secondary pulp, two piston-sonar transducers are used to act on the secondary pulp of the type that are oriented strictly towards each other, while changing the structure of the circulating water used to flush the rock and secondary pulp in the main and additional water ducts, by installing several inserts from pipes with a cross-section varying in length in the main water duct: from maximum to the beginning of each insert to _^1/4 the diameter - in the end of each insert, wherein one of the inserts is mounted directly in front of the place to connect an additional conduit to the main water conduit, as well as due to shape I omnidirectional emission of sonar signals frequency F ₂ of the ultrasonic range, using a cylindrical sonar transducer of the ultrasonic frequency range set by the output main conduit, and the formation of non-directional radiation hydroacoustic signals of frequencies F ₃ ultrasonic range close to the resonance frequency F ₀ of air bubbles that are used for aeration secondary pulp using several, according to the number of irrigators, spherical sonar transducers of ultrasound a wide range of frequencies installed under the sprinklers of the additional lock, and a cylindrical sonar transducer is installed in the circulating water sump for additional clarification of the circulating water by the formation of non-directional radiation of hydroacoustic signals of a low sound frequency range F ₄ .

The method is implemented as follows.

Rock is fed into the receiving hopper, which then enters the drum with a sieve of the "-40 mm" class. In the path for the generation and emission of intense hydroacoustic signals of low sound range (LFD) of frequencies F ₄ , containing series-connected electrically signal generator of LFL frequencies F ₄ , a power amplifier and an omnidirectional hydroacoustic transducer of cylindrical type LFL frequency F ₄ , located at a predetermined depth in a certain place of the sump for circulating waters, formation, amplification to the required level and non-directional radiation of intense sonar signals of the low frequency sounding frequencies F ₄ occurs. In this case, partial clarification of the circulating water occurs either due to aggregation in traveling hydroacoustic waves (due to the collision of oscillating smaller particles with larger slow-moving particles) or in standing hydroacoustic waves (due to radiation pressure, under the influence of which the particles move into the "antinode" of the vibrations, where larger aggregates are formed). The parameters of hydroacoustic impact are the amplitude, frequency, vibrational velocity, etc. In this case, hydroacoustic vibrations cause qualitative and quantitatively different physical processes in the circulating water, each of which characterizes a particular mode (acoustic-cavitation, etc.) of the impact.

Using a pumping station with high performance, through the main and additional water conduits, the circulating water located in the sump and previously clarified by means of the formation and emission of intense sonar signals of the low frequency frequencies F ₄ enters the drum, and also, through sprinklers, into the additional lock . Basically there are several inserts water line of pipes with varying cross-section along the length from maximum - at the beginning of each insertion (in the direction of a moving stream of circulating water) to ^{a _1/4-diameter} - at the end of each insert. In this case, one of the inserts is installed directly in front of the connection point of the additional water conduit to the main water conduit. In the places of narrowing, the "acceleration" of the circulating water occurs (the speed of the circulating water V ₂ at the point of "narrowing" of the water conduit becomes greater than the average speed V ₁ in the water conduit, and even more so than the speed V ₃ at the place of the water conduit expansion), the overpressure increases (respectively, P ₂ becomes larger than P ₁ and all the more so as P ₃ ) and cavitation bubbles form. In places of expansion of the water conduit, as a result of "braking" of the circulating water, the pressure drops and cavitation bubbles cools. Due to this, there is an additional (after the radiation in the sump intensive sonar signals of the low frequency frequencies F ₄ ) a change in the structure of the circulating water in the water conduits, which entails its additional partial "clarification" and an increase, ultimately, the leaching properties of the circulating water.

In the path for the generation and emission of ultrasonic frequency (SPL) signals of frequencies F ₂ , containing in series electrically connected a signal generator of SPLs of frequencies F ₂ , a power amplifier (30) and a sonar transducer of cylindrical type SPL of frequencies F ₂ installed at the outlet of the main water conduit, the formation gain to the required level and the emission of sonar signals SPL frequency F ₂ which act on the recycled water at the exit from the main water line, at the time of natural aeration air m and proceeds to the drum with the rock. The frequency F ₂ is close to the resonant frequency of air bubbles formed as a result of natural mixing of the jet of circulating water and having a lifetime of several seconds. Due to this, there is an additional (after radiation in the sump of intensive sonar signals of the low-frequency sounding signals of frequencies F ₄ , as well as the passage of several inserts from pipes with a variable cross-section in the main conduit), a change in the structure of the circulating water when leaving the main conduit, which entails its additional partial "clarification" and increase, ultimately, leaching properties of recycled water, as well as the extraction of large, medium metal and small metal in the main gateway.

From the output of the drum, the primary pulp with large, medium and small metal enters the main gateway with a constant angle of inclination θ ₁ , as well as having a stencil with constant parameters (the height of the "ribs", the distance between them, etc.). In the main airlock, due to the action of hydrodynamic and gravitational forces, as well as an increase in the leaching properties of the circulating water, there is an effective capture of large and medium metal on a stencil with constant parameters. At the same time, small (fineness class "-0.25 mm") metal is trapped less efficiently than medium and, especially, large metal, therefore part of it is taken down from the outlet of the main sluice together with the primary pulp.

To prevent the total loss of small metal, at the outlet of the main gateway, when the primary pulp is discharged, it is automatically mixed and natural degassing is performed by atmospheric air. Next, the primary pulp with small metal, using a special sieve of class "-7 ...- 8 mm" installed at the outlet of the main gateway, is disintegrated and fed to an additional gateway with an adjustable angle of inclination θ ₂ (θ ₂ <θ ₁ ), and also having a stencil with adjustable parameters.

Using serially connected compressor and a dispersant, an additional inlet located at the gateway over the entire width, there is an artificial degassing pulp bubbles of a certain size and ₀₃ l of air having a lifetime of at least 0.5 m. Through the irrigators of the additional water conduit, the circulating water with the changed physical properties (with respect to the sump without radiation of the sonar waves of the NZD frequencies) (after 2 stages of preliminary treatment) is supplied to the additional gateway. In this case, a secondary pulp is formed containing fine metal of the following conditional fineness classes: "-0.05 mm", "-0.1 mm", "-0.15 mm", "-0.2 mm" and "-0, 25 mm. "

In the path of generation and emission of ultrasound signals of frequencies F ₃ , which contains a series-connected electrically generated generator of ultrasound signals of frequencies F ₃ (close to the resonant frequency F _{0 of} air bubbles used for artificial aeration of the secondary pulp at the input of the additional gateway) and a power amplifier, to the outputs (by the number of sonar transducers) of which several (according to the number of sprinklers of an additional water conduit) sonar transducers of a spherical type of ultrasonic ultrasound of frequencies F _{3 are} connected in parallel For example, under the sprinklers of the additional gateway, the formation, amplification to the required level, and non-directional emission of sonar signals of the ultrasonic ultrasound frequencies F _{3 are} carried out. These sonar signals affect the circulating water when it leaves the additional water conduit at the time of its natural aeration with air and enters the additional gateway with a secondary pulp. Due to this, there is an additional (after the emission of intense hydroacoustic signals of the low-frequency acoustic signals of frequencies F ₄ in the sump, as well as the passage of several inserts from pipes with a section that varies along the length) in the main conduit, a change in the structure of circulating water when leaving the additional conduit (which entails additional its partial "clarification" and increase, ultimately, the leaching properties of recycled water), and additional (after disintegration of the primary pulp in the class "-7 ... -8 mm", natural and artificial air of the radio with air, as well as after the supply of circulating water with physical properties that have changed, in relation to the sump without radiation of hydroacoustic waves of the NZD frequencies, a change in the structure of the secondary pulp in the additional lock.

The effective capture of small metal (gold and platinum), which is a technological loss during the traditional washing of gold sands, is carried out as follows.

In the path of generation and emission of ultrasonic signals of frequency F ₁ frequencies, which contains a series-electrically connected signal generator of ultrasonic frequency signals F ₁ and a power amplifier, two hydro-acoustic transducers of piston-type ultrasonic ultrasonic frequency converters F ₁ located at a certain distance along the additional length are connected to two outputs gateway and oriented strictly towards each other, the formation, amplification and directional emission of sonar signals of ultrasonic ultrasound frequencies F ₁ . In this case, a standing hydroacoustic wave of length λ _{1 is formed} , in the compression zones of size l _s which the braking is carried out (the velocity of small metal particles V _m2 moving in the secondary pulp stream V _p2 in the compression zones becomes less than the velocity of the metal particles V _m3 in the “rarefaction” zones of size l _sp and even less the speed of the movement of metal particles in the secondary pulp without the influence of hydroacoustic waves V _m1 ,) of small metal particles, and in the “rarefaction” zones - their “deposition” (gravity of moving small metal particles in zo ah "compression" _m2 G becomes less than the corresponding parameter of the secondary slurry without influence of hydroacoustic waves G _m1 and especially less than in zones "vacuum" G _m3) on the stencil with adjustable parameters (height, distance l _c between the ribs and others.).

Additionally (especially for trapping small metal with magnetic properties) in the path of generation and emission of electromagnetic waves at a frequency of P _{e / m} , containing in series electrically connected electromagnetic signal generator P _{e / m} , a power amplifier and directed towards the moving secondary pulp, an electromagnetic radiator waves P _{e / m} , installed in the lower part (at the output) of the additional gateway, the formation, amplification to the required level and the emission of electromagnetic waves P _{e / m} . At the same time, “braking” is carried out in its fronts (the velocity of moving small metal particles V ' _m2 becomes lower than the velocity of metal particles in the secondary pulp without the action of electromagnetic and hydroacoustic waves V _m1 ) and “deposition” (gravity of moving small metal particles in the fronts electromagnetic waves G ' _{m2 is} approximately equal to that in the secondary pulp without exposure to electromagnetic and hydroacoustic waves G _m1 ) small metal particles with magnetic properties on the stencil with adjustable parameters.

Figure 1 presents the structural diagram of a device that implements the developed method of washing gold sands when using waves of various physical nature. The device contains a receiving hopper (1) for the rock (2), a drum (3) with a sieve (4) of the “-40 mm” class, a pumping station (5) with high capacity, the main (6) and additional (7) water conduits, recycled water (8) located in the settling chamber (9), the insert (10) is mainly water line of pipes with varying along the length of a section from the maximum - in the beginning of each insert to _^1/4 the diameter - in the end of each insert sprinklers (11) in the additional water conduit, main gateway (12) with a constant angle of inclination θ ₁ , a stencil (13) with constant parameters, a primary pulp (14) with a large one (15), medium (16) and small (17) metal, a special sieve (18) of the "-7 ...- 8 mm" class at the outlet of the main lock, an additional lock (19) with an adjustable angle of inclination θ ₂ (θ ₂ <θ ₁ ), a stencil (20) with adjustable parameters, a secondary pulp (21) with a small metal (17); in series connected compressor (22) and dispersant (23) located at the entrance of the additional gateway; a path (24) for generating and emitting ultrasonic frequency signal signals F ₁ , comprising a series-electrically connected generator (25) of ultrasonic frequency signals F ₁ and a power amplifier (26), two hydroacoustic transducers (27) of piston-type ultrasonic ultrasound transducers connected in parallel to each other frequencies F ₁ located at a certain distance along the length of the additional gateway and oriented strictly towards each other; a path (28) for generating and emitting ultrasonic frequency signals F ₂ , comprising a series-electrically connected generator (29) of ultrasonic frequency signals F ₂ , a power amplifier (30) and a hydroacoustic transducer (31) of a cylindrical type ultrasonic ultrasonic frequency F ₂ , installed at the outlet of the main water conduit ; a path (32) for generating and emitting ultrasonic signals of frequencies F ₃ containing a series-electrically connected generator (33) of ultrasonic signals of frequencies F ₃ (close to the resonant frequency F _{0 of} air bubbles used for artificial aeration of the secondary pulp at the input of the additional gateway) and a power amplifier (34), to the outputs (according to the number of hydroacoustic transducers) of which several (according to the number of sprinklers of an additional water conduit) hydroacoustic transducers (35) of a spherical type SPL of frequencies F _{3 are} connected in parallel to each other, installed under the sprinklers of the additional gateway, the path (36) for generating and emitting electromagnetic waves at a frequency of F _{e / m} , containing a series-electrically connected generator of electromagnetic signals (37) F _{e / m} , a power amplifier (38) and directed towards the moving secondary pulp, emitter (39) of electromagnetic waves p _{e / m} , installed in the lower part (at the output) of the additional gateway; a path (40) for generating and emitting intense sonar signals of the low frequency frequencies F ₄ , comprising a series-electrically connected generator (41) of the low frequency signals F ₄ , a power amplifier (42) and an omnidirectional hydroacoustic transducer (43) of the cylindrical type of low frequency frequencies F ₄ located on a given depth at a certain place in the sump for circulating water, as well as a reservoir (44).

The device operates as follows (Fig.1-6). Rock (2) is fed into the receiving hopper (1), which then enters the drum (3) with a sieve (4) of the “-40 mm” class. In the path (40) for the formation and emission of intense sonar signals of the low frequency frequencies F ₄ , containing serially electrically connected the generator (41) of the low frequency signals F ₄ , a power amplifier (42) and an omnidirectional hydroacoustic transducer (43) of a cylindrical type of low frequency frequency frequencies ₄ , located at a given depth in a certain place of the sump (9) for circulating water (8), formation, amplification to the required level and non-directional radiation of intense sonar signals of the low frequency sounding frequencies F ₄ occur. In this case, partial clarification of the circulating water occurs either due to aggregation in traveling hydroacoustic waves (due to the collision of oscillating smaller particles with larger slow-moving particles) or in standing hydroacoustic waves (due to radiation pressure, under the influence of which the particles move into the "antinode" of the vibrations, where larger aggregates are formed). The parameters of hydroacoustic impact are the amplitude, frequency, vibrational velocity, etc. In this case, hydroacoustic vibrations cause physical processes in the circulating water that are qualitatively and quantitatively different from each other, each of which characterizes a particular mode (acoustic-cavitation, etc.) of the impact.

Using a pumping station (5), which has high productivity, in the main (6) and additional (7) water conduits, recycled water (8) located in the sump (9) and preliminarily clarified using the channel (40) for generating and emitting intense sonar signals NZD of frequencies F ₄ , enters the drum (3), and also, through sprinklers (11), into an additional gateway (19). Basically water line (6) has several inserts (10) of the tubes with a variable cross section along the length from the maximum - in the beginning of each insert (in the direction of a moving stream of circulating water) to ^{a _1/4-diameter} - at the end of each insert (5 ) In this case, one of the inserts is installed (Fig. 1) immediately before the connection point of the additional water conduit (7) to the main water conduit (6). In the places of narrowing, the "acceleration" of the circulating water occurs (the speed of the circulating water V ₂ at the point of "narrowing" of the water conduit becomes greater than the average speed V ₁ in the water conduit, and even more so than the speed V ₃ at the place of the water conduit expansion), the overpressure increases (respectively, P ₂ becomes larger than P ₁ and all the more so as P ₃ ) and cavitation bubbles form. In places of expansion of the water conduit, as a result of "braking" of the circulating water, the pressure drops and cavitation bubbles cools. Due to this, there is an additional (after the radiation in the sump intensive sonar signals of the low frequency frequencies F ₄ ) a change in the structure of the circulating water in the water conduits, which entails its additional partial "clarification" and an increase, ultimately, the leaching properties of the circulating water.

In the path (28) for the formation and emission of ultrasonic frequency signals F ₂ , which contains a series-connected electrically connected generator (29) of ultrasonic frequency signals F ₂ , a power amplifier (30) and a hydroacoustic transducer (31) of a cylindrical type ultrasonic ultrasonic frequency F ₂ , installed at the output of the main conduit (6), forming is performed, amplification to a desired level and the emission of ultrasound frequency F ₂ hydroacoustic signals, which act on the recycled water at the exit from the main conduit (6) at its natural aeration air and the arrival a drum (3) with the rock (2). In this case, the frequency F ₂ is close to the resonant frequency of air bubbles formed as a result of mixing a jet of circulating water and having a lifetime of several seconds. Due to this, there is an additional (after the emission in the sump of intensive sonar signals of the low-frequency sounding signals of frequencies V ₄ , as well as the passage of several inserts from the pipes with a variable cross-section in the main conduit), the structure of the circulating water at the exit from the main conduit changes, which entails its additional partial "clarification" and increase, ultimately, leaching properties of recycled water, as well as the extraction of large, medium metal and small metal in the main gateway (12).

From the output of the drum (3), the primary pulp (14) with large (15), medium (16) and small (17) metal enters the main gateway (12) with a constant angle of inclination θ ₁ , as well as having a stencil (13) with constant parameters (the height of the "ribs", the distance between them, etc.). In the main gateway (12), due to the action of hydrodynamic and gravitational forces, there is an effective capture of large (15) and medium (16) metal (15) on a stencil (13) with constant parameters. At the same time, small (fineness class "-0.25 mm") metal is captured less efficiently than medium and, especially, large metal, therefore part of it is taken down from the outlet of the main gateway along with the primary pulp (Fig. 1).

To prevent the total loss of fine (17) metal at the outlet of the main gateway (12), when the primary pulp (14) is discharged, it is automatically mixed and natural degassing by atmospheric air is carried out. Next, the primary pulp (14) with fine metal (17) using a special sieve (18) of the class "-7 ...- 8 mm" installed at the outlet of the main gateway (12), is disintegrated and enters the additional gateway (19) with adjustable angle of inclination θ ₂ (θ ₂ <θ ₁ ), as well as having a stencil (20) with adjustable parameters.

Using serially connected compressor (22) and disperser (23) located at the input of the additional gateway (19) across its width, degassing occurs artificial pulp bubbles of air of a certain size ₀₃ l (3, 4) and having a lifetime of at least 0.5 min Through the sprinklers (11) of the additional water conduit (7), the circulating water with the physical properties (in relation to the sump without the radiation of hydroacoustic waves of the NZD frequencies) (after 2 stages of preliminary treatment) is supplied to the additional lock (19). In this case, a secondary pulp (21) is formed, containing fine metal (17) of the following conditional fineness classes (Figs. 2, 3): "-0.05 mm" (17 ₁ ), "-0.1 mm" (17 ₂ ) , "-0.15 mm" (17 ₃ ), "-0.2 mm" (17 ₄ ) and "-0.25 mm" (17 ₅ ).

In the path (32) of the formation and emission of ultrasound signals of frequencies F ₃ , containing a series-connected electrically connected generator (33) of ultrasound signals of frequencies F ₃ (close to the resonant frequency F _{0 of} air bubbles used for artificial aeration of the secondary pulp at the input of the additional gateway) and an amplifier power (34), to the outputs (according to the number of hydroacoustic transducers) of which several (according to the number of sprinklers of an additional water conduit) hydroacoustic transducers (35) of a spherical type of ultrasound frequency are connected in parallel to each other F ₃ , installed under the sprinklers of the additional gateway, the formation, amplification to the required level and non-directional radiation of sonar signals of the ultrasonic ultrasonic frequency F _{3 are} carried out. These sonar signals act on the circulating water when it leaves the additional conduit (7) at the time of its natural aeration with air and enters the additional gateway (19) with a secondary pulp (21). Due to this, there is an additional (after the emission of intense hydroacoustic signals of the low-frequency acoustic signals of frequencies F ₄ in the sump, as well as the passage of several inserts from pipes with a section that varies along the length) in the main conduit, a change in the structure of circulating water when leaving the additional conduit (which entails additional its partial "clarification" and increase, ultimately, the leaching properties of recycled water), and additional (after disintegration of the primary pulp in the class "-7 ... -8 mm", natural and artificial air of the radio with air, as well as after the supply of circulating water with changed physical properties of the secondary pulp in the secondary gateway (19).

Effective capture (figure 3) of small metal (gold, platinum), which is a technological loss during the traditional washing of gold sands (figure 2), is as follows.

In the path (24) for the generation and emission of ultrasonic frequency signals F ₁ , which contains an electrically connected generator (25) of ultrasonic frequency signals F ₁ and a power amplifier (26), two piston-type sonic transducers (27) are connected in parallel to two outputs SPL of frequencies F ₁ , located at a certain distance along the length of the additional gateway and oriented strictly towards each other, the formation, amplification and directional emission of sonar signals of SPL of frequencies F ₁ occurs (Figs. 1 and 3, 4). This forms the standing hydroacoustic wavelength λ ₁ in the zones "compression" size l _sc which the "braking" (the speed of moving in a stream of secondary sludge V _n2 shallow V _m2 of the metal particles in the zones "compression" becomes less than the velocity of the metal particle motion V _m3 in the “rarefaction” zones of size l _sp and, all the more, the lower velocity of the movement of metal particles in the secondary pulp without the influence of hydroacoustic waves v _m1 ) of small metal particles (17), and in the “rarefaction” zones, their “deposition” (gravity of moving fine metal particles in onah "compression" G _m2 becomes less than the corresponding parameter of the secondary slurry without influence of hydroacoustic waves g _m1 and especially less than in zones "vacuum" G _m3) on a stencil (20) with adjustable parameters (height, the distance between the edges l _tr et al. )

Additionally (especially for trapping small metal with magnetic properties) in the path (36) of the formation and emission of electromagnetic waves at a frequency of P _{e / m} , containing a series-electrically connected generator of electromagnetic signals (37) P _{e / m} , a power amplifier (38) and directional, secondary pulp moving towards the emitter (39) of electromagnetic waves P _{e / m,} mounted in the bottom (outlet) of the additional gateway formation occur, amplification to a desired level of electromagnetic radiation and EMA P _{e / m} (1 and 6). At the same time, “braking” is carried out in its fronts (the velocity of moving small metal particles V ' _m2 becomes lower than the velocity of metal particles in the secondary pulp without the action of electromagnetic and hydroacoustic waves V _m1 ) and “deposition” (gravity of moving small metal particles in the fronts electromagnetic waves G ^/ _{m2 is} approximately equal to that in the secondary pulp without exposure to electromagnetic and hydroacoustic waves G _m1 ) of small metal particles (17) with magnetic properties on the stencil (20) with adjustable parameters.

In this case, effective capture of the average (in terms of particle size distribution) metal (gold and platinum) at the main gateway is achieved by increasing the leaching properties of the circulating water by:

- omnidirectional radiation with the help of a sonar transducer located at a given depth in a specific place of the sump, intensive sonar signals NZD frequencies F ₄ ;

- installation mainly water line multiple insertions of pipe with variable cross section along the length from the maximum - in the beginning of each insert to _^1/4 the diameter - in the end of each insertion;

- radiation of ultrasonic signals of frequencies F ₂ using a sonar transducer installed at the outlet of the main conduit.

Improving the efficiency of trapping small metal on an additional gateway is achieved by increasing the washability of the circulating water by:

- omnidirectional radiation with the help of a sonar transducer located at a given depth in a specific place of the sump, intensive sonar signals NZD frequencies F ₄ ;

- installation in the main water conduit of several pipe inserts with a cross-section varying along the length;

- radiation of ultrasonic signals of frequencies F ₃ using sonar transducers installed under the sprinklers at the outlet of the main water conduit of the additional gateway, and also due to:

- automatic mixing and natural degassing by atmospheric air of the primary pulp at the outlet of the main gateway, when it is dumped;

- disintegration of the primary pulp at the exit of the main gateway with a special sieve of class "-7 ...- 8 mm";

- artificial degassing of the pulp at its entrance to the additional gateway with air bubbles of a certain size, as well as having a predetermined lifetime using a compressor and dispersant;

- supply to the additional gateway of circulating water with altered physical properties;

- radiation of ultrasonic signals of frequencies F ₁ and the formation of a standing hydroacoustic wave of length λ ₁ , in the "compression" zones of which "braking" of small metal particles is carried out, and in the "discharge" zones, they are "deposited" on the stencil of the additional gateway.

Improving the efficiency of trapping small metal with magnetic properties on an additional gateway is achieved:

- by increasing the washability of the circulating water;

- radiation of electromagnetic waves P _{e / m} towards the moving stream of the secondary pulp, in the fronts of which "braking" and "deposition" of an additional gateway of small metal particles with magnetic properties are carried out on the stencil.

Improving the efficiency of the method when using recycled water is achieved due to its gradual clarification in the sump, the main water conduit, at the exits of the main and additional water conduits, as well as due to the natural and artificial aeration of the pulp at the entrance of the additional gateway.

Improving the efficiency of the method when washing silty sands, as well as when washing sand at low ambient temperatures is achieved by:

- stage-by-stage clarification in the sump, the main water conduit, as well as at the exits of the main and additional circuits of circulating water;

- automatic mixing and natural degassing by atmospheric air of the primary pulp at the outlet of the main gateway, when it is dumped;

- due to artificial aeration of the pulp at the entrance of the additional gateway;

- disintegration of the primary pulp at the exit of the main gateway with a special sieve of class "-7 ...- 8 mm";

- supply to the additional gateway of circulating water with altered physical properties;

- radiation of ultrasonic signals of frequencies F ₁ and the formation of a standing hydroacoustic wave of length λ ₁ , in the "compression" zones of which "braking" of small metal particles is carried out, and in the "rarefaction" zones, they are "deposited" on the stencil of the additional gateway;

- radiation of electromagnetic waves P _{e / m} towards the moving stream of the secondary pulp, in the fronts of which "braking" and "deposition" of an additional gateway of small metal particles with magnetic properties are carried out on the stencil.

Distinctive features of the proposed method are:

1. Instead of controlled mechanical separation of the primary pulp stream into the upper and lower parts, the upper and lower parts are mixed at the outlet of the main gateway.

2. Instead of the formation and emission of intense sonar waves of ultrasonic ultrasound, sound and low-frequency frequencies, the sonar signals are generated and radiated towards each other, ultrasound signals of the ultrasonic frequency range F ₁ , while a standing wave with a length of λ ₁ is formed in the "compression" zones of which "braking" small metal particles moving in the secondary pulp stream, and in the "rarefaction" zones - their "deposition" on a stencil with adjustable parameters.

3. Additionally, the structure of the circulating water in the primary and secondary conduits used to flush the rock and the secondary pulp is changed due to the formation and collapse of cavitation bubbles in it by installing several pipe inserts in the main gateway conduit with a cross-section varying in length, with one from the inserts it is installed directly in front of the connection point of the additional water conduit to the main water conduit.

4. Additionally, the structure of the circulating water is changed due to the formation and non-directional radiation with the help of a sonar transducer installed at the outlet of the main water conduit, sonar signals of ultrasonic ultrasound frequencies F ₂ .

5. Additionally, the primary pulp is disintegrated at the outlet of the main gateway in the "-7 ...- 8 mm" class with a sieve.

6. Additionally, the physical properties of the secondary pulp are changed due to its artificial aeration with air bubbles of a given diameter at the inlet of the additional gateway using a compressor and a dispersant.

7. Additionally, the physical properties of the secondary pulp are changed due to its washing with circulating water, directed from the main water conduit through an additional water conduit to several sprinklers installed above the additional gateway.

8. Additionally, the physical properties of the circulating water are changed due to the formation and non-directional radiation using sonar transducers installed under the sprinklers, ultrasound of frequencies F ₃ close to the resonant frequency F _{0 of} air bubbles used for aeration of the secondary pulp at the entrance of the additional gateway.

9. Additionally, particles of small metal with magnetic properties are captured due to their "braking" and "deposition" in an additional gateway by electromagnetic waves at a frequency of F _{e / m} .

10. Additionally, the circulating water is clarified due to the formation and radiation with the help of a sonar transducer located at a predetermined depth in a certain place of the sump for circulating water, intensive sonar signals of the low frequency frequencies F ₄ .

The presence of distinctive features from the prototype features allows us to conclude that the proposed method meets the criterion of "novelty."

An analysis of the known technical solutions in order to detect the indicated distinctive features in them showed the following.

Signs 2, 4, 6, 8, and 9 are new and their use is not known for trapping fine (by particle size distribution) metal, including one having magnetic properties, when washing silty sands and in low conditions (units of degrees above zero on the Celsius scale) ambient temperatures.

Thus, the presence of new significant features in combination with the known ones provides the appearance of the proposed solution with a new property that does not coincide with the properties of the known technical solutions — it is effective to capture fine (by particle size distribution) metal, including one having magnetic properties, when washing silty sands, conditions of low ambient temperatures and when using circulating water.

In this case, we have a new set of features and their new relationship, moreover, it’s not a simple combination of new features and already known ones, but the execution of operations in the proposed sequence leads to a qualitatively new effect.

This circumstance allows us to conclude that the developed method meets the criterion of "significant differences".

At present, in our country, the most widespread is the technology of gravitational enrichment, in which the separation of minerals occurs due to gravity, one of the "not strong" fundamental forces of nature. Therefore, the gravitational type of enrichment apparatus is characterized by the loss of fine and fine metal fractions.

After a long evolution, the instruments of the gravitational enrichment method have reached a high degree of perfection and are currently at the top of their development. However, their era ends with the era of the mining of large noble metal.

An analysis of theoretical and experimental studies of domestic and foreign experts shows that the main losses due to the gravitational technology of metal extraction occur due to small classes (fineness "-0.25 mm"). The results of studies by Irgiredmet, VNII-1 and other scientific organizations show that it is irrational to use only gravity technology in the enrichment of precious metals. In this case, the loss of metal of the class "-0.25 + 0.1 mm" is 50-60%, and metal with a particle size of "-0.1 mm" is practically not captured.

In recent years, devices using centrifugal gravity technology have found wider application for primary enrichment of sand. However, these devices only "move" the bulk of the metal loss to an even smaller class of particles.

In connection with the foregoing, a fundamentally new enrichment technology is needed, which would allow efficiently and environmentally friendly mining of precious metals regardless of weather, climate, mining, geological and technological properties of sand.

An example implementation of the method

In an industrial test of the developed method, an industrial washing device of the PBSh-40 type with a single-stage enrichment scheme for fine-grained fractions of sand, as well as an upgraded lock attachment of the PSh-1 type, were used as the basic model. Parameters of the main gateway of the PBSh-40 device: width - 0.7 m, height - 0.67 m, length - 9.780 m. Parameters of the stencil installed on the main gateway: length - 1.57 m, the angle of inclination of the "rib" ( slats) - 60 °, the height of the "rib" - 0.032 m, the distance between the "ribs - 0.05 m. The parameters of the additional gateway: length - 4.2 m, width - 0.7 m, height - 0.17 m.

Figure 7 presents the results of industrial tests of a gateway attachment of type "ПШ-1" to a washing device of type "ПБШ-40" in the standard version (index "I"), when implementing the prototype method (index "II") and the developed method ( index "III"), respectively. On the horizontal axis are shown three "conditional" sections (upper, middle and lower) of an additional lock with a length of ~ 2 m each. The vertical axis shows the amount of metal in arbitrary units (due to trade secrets) distributed over each "conditional" section.

As can be seen from Fig.7, when implementing the developed method (index "III") and the prototype method (index "II"), the main amount of metal is captured in the middle part of the additional gateway. While in the standard version (index "I") the application of the lock prefix "ШП-1" is in its upper (head) part. In this case, the total amount of metal additionally extracted during the day was 4.183 cu; 1,645 cu and 0.170 cu, respectively. In other words, when implementing the developed method, it was possible to additionally extract the noble metal ~ 2.5 times more than when implementing the prototype method and ~ 25 times more than in the standard PSh-1 application. This circumstance clearly indicates the high efficiency of the developed method of washing gold sands when using waves of various physical nature.

Of particular practical interest, in addition to the total volume of additionally mined metal and the nature of its distribution along the length of the additional lock (Fig. 7), are the results of metal screening at the outlet of the main lock of a washing device of the PBSh-40 type (Table 1), in its ephemeral ( the sample volume is 0.2 m ³ ) tailings (Table 2) and at the outlet of the additional lock when implementing the developed method for washing gold sands (Table 3).

Table 1
Metal screening results (PBSh-40 device) Class
fineness, mm amount
metal g Content
metal,% +2 8.1 g 0.338 +1 21.7 0,905 +0.5 87.0 3,627 +0.25 906.5 37,794 +0.125 1324.5 55,222 -0.125 50.7 (2398 g) 2,114 (100%) table 2
Metal Screening Results Size class, mm The amount of metal, mg Metal content,% +2 - - +1 - - +0.5 four 3.42 +0.25 28 23.93 + 0.125 80 68.38 - 0.125 5 (117 mg) 4.27 (100%) Table 3
Metal Screening Results (Optional Gateway) Size class, mm Amount of metal, g Metal content,% +2 - - +1 1,2 0.63 +0.5 3,5 1.82 +0.25 14.3 7.45 + 0.125 77.8 40.52 - 0.125 95.2 (192 g) 49.58 (100%)

The analysis of the results presented in tables 1 - 3 allows us to draw some conclusions:

- the developed method allows you to effectively capture small ("-0.25 mm") metal (~ 90% of the total volume of additionally extracted metal), i.e. fully fulfills its purpose. While on the main gateway of the washing device the middle ("+0.25 ...- 0.5 mm") metal (~ 93%) is most effectively captured;

- the use of an additional gateway in the implementation of the developed method shows that the percentage of metal with a fineness of "-0.125 mm" in the ephemeral tails of the washing device "PBSh-40" is an order of magnitude higher than the data obtained during the control siting (49.58% in table .3 and 4.27% in table 2);

- when using an additional gateway during the implementation of the developed method, it was possible to identify relatively large (~ 9%) losses of the average ("+0.25 ...- 0.5 mm") metal (Table 3).

It is advisable to use this information for monitoring alluvial deposits, man-made sand, quality control of flushing devices, etc.

On Fig illustrates the results of experimental studies on the purification of circulating water in the sump (at the location of the receiving pipe of the main conduit) from suspensions (its "clarification") carried out during a period of low (+3 ... 7 ° Celsius) ambient temperatures ( spring 2003) when washing silty sands containing a noble metal, including those with magnetic properties. As a private indicator of the effectiveness of the method, the suspension content (in grams) in various samples (~ 1 liter each) of recycled water in the investigated (10-liter) volumes was used at five different frequencies F ₄ (samples: No. 1 - 0.4 kHz, No. 2 - 0.8 kHz, No. 3 - 1.2 kHz, No. 4 - 1.6 kHz, No. 5 - 2 kHz), and also without emission of hydroacoustic signals (sample No. 6). In this case, the effectiveness assessment, for the sake of correctness, was carried out both by the degree of “clarification” (the minimum amount of suspensions per 1 liter of sample) of circulating water (line No. I in Fig. 8 - the “upper” parts of each of the six studied 10-liter volumes), and according to the number of "suspended solids" in the sediment in the corresponding sample of the investigated volume of circulating water (line No. II in Fig. 8 - the "lower" parts of the investigated 10-liter volumes).

As can be seen from Fig. 8, the frequency F ₄ = 0.8 kHz is most preferable for a given sump and the physical properties of a particular recycled water. It can be seen that as a result of sonar exposure at one or another of the above frequencies, the content of suspensions in the test volume of circulating water entering the main and additional water conduits decreased in comparison with the content of suspensions in the sump without radiation of sonar waves of the NZD frequencies (sample No. 6) , which, ultimately, leads to an increase in the “leaching properties” of recycled water and an increase in the total volume of mined metal in the main airlock.

Thus, the introduction of this method of treating recycled water is advisable both from the production (for example, increasing the total volume of mined noble metal by reducing its losses, etc.), and from the ecological (for example, protecting spawning rivers from industrial pollution, etc.) points view.

Figure 9 illustrates the results of experimental studies on the cleaning of the rock (in a drum with a sieve class "-40 mm") from the sludge conducted during the period of low (about 0 ° Celsius) ambient temperatures (spring 2003) when washing silty sands, containing noble metal, including those with magnetic properties. The methodology for evaluating the cleaning efficiency was that a hydroacoustic signal was continuously emitted in the drum for 1 min at a particular frequency F ₂ , and then the corresponding samples (~ 0.3 L in volume) were dried and weighed on an electronic balance. Subsequently, complete washing (to pure water) and drying of all samples was carried out, followed by weighing them on the same scales, and the differences in absolute (g) and relative (%) values between the primary (with and without emission of hydroacoustic signals F ₂ ) and complete flushing of the rock. This difference was used as a private indicator of the effectiveness of the method for six different frequency signals F ₂ (samples: No. 1 - 7 kHz, No. 2 - 16 kHz, No. 3 - 32 kHz, No. 4 - 50 kHz, No. 5 - 64 kHz, No. 6 - 80 kHz - line No. I in Fig. 9), and also without emission of hydroacoustic signals (sample No. 7 - line No. II in Fig. 9).

As can be seen from Fig. 9, the frequency F ₂ = 64 kHz (the difference between primary and complete washing was ~ 50 g for a rock sample with a volume of ~ 0.3 l). It can be seen that, as a result of sonar exposure at one or another of the frequencies indicated above, the above difference always turned out to be less than the same parameter without emission of hydroacoustic waves F ₂ at the outlet of the main water conduit (~ 113 g - sample No. 7), which ultimately As a result, it leads to an increase in the total volume of mined metal both in the main and in the additional locks.

At the same time, effective capture of the average (in particle size distribution) of the noble metal at the main gateway is achieved by increasing the washability of the circulating water by:

- omnidirectional radiation of intense sonar signals of the low frequency signals of frequencies F ₄ (~ 800 Hz) in the sump for circulating water;

- installation in the main water conduit of several (2) inserts from pipes with a cross-section varying along the length;

- omnidirectional radiation of ultrasonic signals of frequencies F ₂ (~ 60-70 kHz) at the output of the main conduit.

Improving the efficiency of trapping small metal on an additional gateway was achieved by increasing the leaching properties of recycled water by:

- omnidirectional radiation of intense sonar signals of the low frequency signals of frequencies F ₄ (~ 700-800 Hz) in the sump for circulating water;

- installation in the main water conduit of several (2) inserts from pipes with a cross-section varying along the length;

- omnidirectional radiation of ultrasonic signals of frequencies F ₃ (~ 60-70 kHz) using sonar transducers installed under the sprinklers at the outlet of an additional water conduit, as well as due to:

- automatic mixing and natural degassing by atmospheric air of the primary pulp at the outlet of the main gateway during its discharge;

- disintegration of the primary pulp at the exit of the main gateway with a special sieve of class "-7 ...- 8 mm";

- artificial degassing of the pulp at its entrance to the additional gateway with air bubbles of a certain size (corresponding to a resonant frequency of ~ 60-70 kHz) and having a predetermined (at least 30 sec) lifetime;

- supply to the additional lock additional (compared to the main lock) volume of circulating water with altered physical properties;

- directional emission of ultrasound signals of frequencies F ₁ (~ 30-40 kHz) and the formation of a standing hydroacoustic wave of length λ ₁ .

An increase in the efficiency of trapping small metal with magnetic properties at an additional gateway has been achieved:

- by increasing the washability of the circulating water;

- radiation of electromagnetic waves P _{e / m} (~ 15-20 kHz) towards the moving stream of the secondary pulp.

Improving the efficiency of the method when using recycled water was achieved due to its gradual clarification in the sump, the main water conduit, at the exits of the main and additional water conduits, as well as due to the natural and artificial aeration of the pulp at the inlet of the additional gateway.

Improving the efficiency of the method when washing silty sands, as well as when washing sand at low ambient temperatures, is achieved by:

- stage-by-stage clarification in the sump, the main water conduit, as well as at the exits of the main and additional circuits of circulating water;

- automatic mixing and natural degassing by atmospheric air of the primary pulp at the outlet of the main gateway (when it is dumped);

- due to artificial aeration of the pulp at the entrance of the additional gateway;

- disintegration of the primary pulp at the outlet of the main gateway with a special sieve of class "-7 ... -8 mm";

- supply to the additional lock additional volume of circulating water with altered physical properties;

- directional emission of ultrasonic signals of frequencies F ₁ and the formation of a standing hydroacoustic wave of length λ ₁ , in the "compression" zones of which "braking" of small metal particles is carried out, and in the "rarefaction" zones, they are "deposited" on the stencil of the additional gateway;

- directional radiation of electromagnetic waves P _{e / m} towards the moving stream of the secondary pulp, in the fronts of which "braking" and "deposition" of an additional gateway of small metal particles with magnetic properties are carried out on the stencil.

Claims (1)

The method of washing gold sands, including mechanical mixing in the rock drum during continuous irrigation with water, the formation of the primary pulp, the direction of the primary pulp to the entrance of the main gateway, having a constant angle of inclination θ ₁ and containing a stencil with constant parameters, collecting large and medium gold on a stencil , the direction of the primary pulp from the output of the main gateway to the entrance of the additional gateway, automatic mixing of the primary pulp and its natural degassing, the formation of secondary pulp, reducing the flow rate of the secondary pulp in the secondary gateway while maintaining the flow of the primary pulp in the primary gateway and maintaining the flow rate of the secondary pulp in the secondary gateway by setting its tilt angle θ ₂ smaller than the tilt angle θ _{1 of the} main gateway, affecting the secondary pulp in the secondary the gateway with hydro-acoustic signals of the ultrasonic frequency range F ₁ , using hydro-acoustic transducers of the ultrasonic frequency range located at a distance from each other along the length of the additional gateway, dumping into the drive the entire secondary pulp from the output of the additional gateway, characterized in that they disintegrate the primary pulp using sieves, of the -40 mm class inside the drum and of the class -7 ÷ -8 mm at the output of the main gateway, automatic mixing of the primary pulp and its natural degassing is carried out at the outlet of the main gateway, and at the entrance of the additional gateway using a compressor and dispersant, the secondary pulp is subjected to artificial aeration with air bubbles, as well as rinsing with circulating water directed from the main water conduit through an additional water conduit to several sprinklers installed above the additional gateway, and at the additional gateway, particles of fine metal with magnetic properties are captured by stencils when exposed to electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 15-20 kHz directed towards a moving secondary pulp , to influence the secondary pulp, two piston-type sonar transducers are used that orient strictly towards each other Yeah, at the same time, the structure of the circulating water used to flush the rock and the secondary pulp in the primary and secondary conduits is changed by installing several inserts from pipes with a cross-section varying in length in the main conduit: from the maximum diameter at the beginning of each insert to ¼ at the end each insert, while one of the inserts is installed directly in front of the connection point of the additional water conduit to the main water conduit, and also due to the formation of non-directional radiation of hydroacoustic signals in the ultrasonic frequency range F ₂ , using a cylindrical sonar transducer of the ultrasonic frequency range mounted at the outlet of the main conduit, and generating non-directional radiation of sonar signals of the ultrasonic frequency range F ₃ close to the resonant frequency F _{0 of} air bubbles used for aeration of the secondary pulp using several, according to the number of sprinklers, spherical sonar transducers of the ultrasonic frequency range installed under the sprinklers an additional gateway, and a cylindrical hydroacoustic transducer is installed in the circulating water sump for additional clarification of the circulating water by the formation of non-directional radiation of hydroacoustic signals of a low sound frequency range F ₄ .

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