RU2270057C1 - Centrifugal-rotor-knife type grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: equipment for grinding of raw plant material, such as fodder feeds, and bulk material.

SUBSTANCE: grinder has casing, two disks horizontally arranged in axially aligned relationship and equipped with alternating annular projections having radial through slots. Grinding chamber has two grinding steps. First grinding step is formed as shear ring with knife mounted on shaft which is common with lower disk-rotor of second step. Gap between disks may be adjusted by means of three screws.

EFFECT: provision for homogeneous grain size composition of ready product, increased efficiency, reduced consumption of power, and decreased metal usage.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention is intended for grinding vegetable raw materials (coarse stalk feed) and bulk materials (feed grain) can be used in agricultural, animal feed, food and other industries.

A material shredder is known, comprising a vertical chamber, in which two disk rotors are placed and a stationary disk internal to them with pins located on both sides of the disk on its radial knives. On the radial knives of the disk rotors, fingers are arranged in rows extending along concentric circles between the pins (RU 2125363 C1, 01.27.99).

The disadvantages of this device is the inability to grind bulk materials, plant materials of high humidity and fat content, high metal construction and energy intensity of the process.

Closest to the invention is a device for grinding grain selected as a prototype (SU 1196025, 07.12.85), comprising a housing in which two disks are mounted horizontally and coaxially with the possibility of rotation in different directions with alternating ring protrusions in which they are made in the radial direction through grooves.

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to grind plant materials.

The aim of this invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the grinder by grinding plant materials and bulk material of high humidity and fat content, to obtain the required uniform particle size distribution of the finished product, increase productivity and reduce specific energy and metal consumption.

This goal is achieved in that the grinding device has a grinding chamber with two stages of grinding. The first (preliminary) grinding stage contains a knife and an opposing ring, the second stage consists of two horizontally and coaxially mounted disks with alternating ring protrusions, in which through grooves are made in the radial direction. The upper disk is made integral with the cover of the grinding chamber, the lower disk-rotor is fixed on the same axis with the knife of the first stage. A separation cone is installed in the center of rotation of the knife and lower disc. The grinding chamber has a lid, a feed and an outlet neck.

According to the information available to the authors, the set of essential features that guarantee the essence of the claimed invention is not known from the prior art, which allows us to conclude that the invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

Thanks to the use of two grinding stages: a knife with a counter ring (plate) for preliminary grinding of plant mass and two disks with alternating annular protrusions in which through grooves are made in the radial direction, it allows to simultaneously grind plant raw materials and bulk material in a longitudinal and transverse section of high humidity and fat content to obtain the desired fraction of the finished product and creates conditions for grinding material with lower energy consumption than in known grind Poles. It follows that the combination of these elements contributes to the achievement of a new economic effect and expands the technological capabilities of the grinder, which allows us to conclude that the technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The essence of the proposed solution is illustrated by the drawing, where figure 1 presents a General view; figure 2 is a view a of figure 1; figure 3 is a view B of figure 2; figure 4 - mount knife.

The chopper consists of a housing with a grinding chamber 1, inside of which are horizontally and coaxially two disks 2, 3 and a knife 4 with an opposing ring 5.

On the working disks 2 and 3, annular protrusions are made 6. The lower disk-rotor 3 is mounted on the shaft 7 in place with the knife 4. The upper disk 2 is made integral with the cover of the grinding chamber. The annular protrusions 6 are fixed to the disks 2 and 3 by means of bolts 8. The protrusions 6 of the upper disk are located between the protrusions of the lower rotor disk. In the annular protrusions 6 in the radial direction made through grooves. The annular protrusions 6 in radial section have the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, the smaller base of which is facing the opposite disk.

The chopper works as follows.

The lower disk rotor 3 with a knife 4 are driven into rotation. The material is fed into the grinding chamber through the neck 11, is evenly distributed around the circumference with a cone 12, pre-crushed with a knife, then the crushed material under the action of gravity and centrifugal forces falls into the space between the disks. Passing under the action of centrifugal forces along radial through grooves on the annular protrusions 6, the processed material is crushed using a cut on cutting pairs formed by adjacent rows of trapezoidal elements of the opposite disks 2 and 3. The crushed material, exposed to the first pair of annular protrusions 6, moves under the action of centrifugal grooves to the next cutting pair. The crushed material is thrown through the discharge neck 13.

The degree of grinding of the material is regulated by changing the technological gap between the disks 2 and 3 by means of adjusting screws 9 and adjusting gaskets 10.

The clearance adjustment is as follows. Adjusting bolts 9 with marks set the necessary clearance between the disks and install or remove the required number of adjusting shims 10 between the knife and the shaft to provide the necessary technological clearance between the knife 4 and the counter ring 5.

Technical and economic efficiency is achieved by obtaining the required uniform particle size distribution of the finished product of plant materials, bulk materials of high humidity and fat content, high performance and lower specific energy consumption.

Claims (2)

1. Centrifugal-rotor-knife-type chopper, comprising a housing in which two disks with alternating annular protrusions are mounted horizontally and coaxially, in which through grooves are made in the radial direction, characterized in that the grinding chamber contains two grinding stages, the first stage is a counter ring with a knife mounted on the same shaft as the lower rotor disk of the second stage. 2. The chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the gap between the disks is regulated by three screws.

Images